The Syracuse Journal, Volume 28, Number 51, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 16 April 1936 — Page 1

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Keeping Up • Zcl«nc« sorvte*.—WNU Barrio* Einstein Theory Challenged by I' Canadian Physicist New Formula Stirs World of Science NEW YORK.—A keen-mind-ed, elderly Canadian mathematician from Montreal, lacking what is commonly regarded as accepted academic affiliation, wrote abstract mathematical formulae on the blackboard in the lecture room of Columbia University’s Michael Pupin Laboratory of Physics, and presented evidence that seriously challenges some of the basic concepts of Twentieth century physics. The challenging report was presented before the American Physical society meeting. Reading like a roll call of famous scientists were the names drawn Into the discussion of the mathematical symbols, for behind the cryptic chalk marks on the blackboard were implications which seem to challenge, clarify and yet support in a most paradoxical fashion the work of such men as Einstein, Michelson, Morley, Miller, Lorents and Fitzgerald. Michelson Results Questioned. Except to a physicist those names may mean but little, yet they represent the men who by experiment and theory were Instrumental tn creating Einstein’s special theory of relativity. The on the blackboard aroused the discussion because they raise once again the question of the validity of the theories on which tha classic Michelson-Morley experiment to determine the ether drift was based. When one recalls that the MichelsonMorley experiment served as one of the ‘springboards” from which Einstein created the theory of relativity the importance becomes clear. IS Relativity a Myth! Is Einstein's relativity wrong or is it strengthened? Bas* the MichelsonMorley experiment and its many repetitions been a mere scientific mirage? v Was the ingenious hypothesis of Lorentz and Fitzgerald to explain the negative results of Michelson and Morley’s experiment mere needless speculation? Those are some of the questions which scientists are trying to puzzle out. Who Is this man who, with bls equations may potentially clear up a for-ty-year-old scientific problem? - He is William R. Cartmel. from the University of Montreal and a fellow of the American Physical society. For years Mr. Cartmel has been working to find out what possible reason there might be for the great discrepancy between the negative results of Michelson and Morley in their ether drift experiment and the definite positive results obtained by Prof. Dayton C. Miller over a period of many years. Possibilities of New Theory. Professor Miller's results stand alone, like a high mountain in a flat plateau country, among the results of the original experiment and the many repetitions since then. If Miller's results are right, then Einstein's relativity theory of 1905 Is wrong. If Miller's results can be shown to be consistent with all the other investigators, then the theory of reWhrlty Is strengthened. for one of the biggest experimental objections will have been removed. Mr. Cartmel claims that his mathematical interpretations account very well for the results of Professor Miller and account at the same time for all the other results obtained from the original Michelson-Morley experiment right down to the present. That Is his claim, and today scientists are puzzling over his equations, and the basic postulates which underlie them to see If Cartmel'* claims are valid. If they are, one of the biggest science stories of the last forty years can be told. It not. Cartmel will be just one more name added to the sizable and distinguished list of those who have tried to crack one of the most difficult problems of physic* in the last forty years. Mechanical “Memory*’ Controls Car Lights for Night Parking WASHINGTON.—Danger of driving without lights at night is claimed to be reduced to a minimum by the “fool-proof” automatic control system for automobile lights recently patented by George Paulson, of Erie. Ps. Turn on the ignition switch and on go the headlights. And as long as the car is operating,at night It is impossible to cut off the lights iff the usual way. Then there are also these features in the Invention: In a city where parting lights are required, it to not necessary to remember to turn them on when it gets dark or snap them off when dawn break* The patented control system “remembers” to do all this tor car owner. All that to necessary to to set two clock-like hands on a time dial—one at the time the lights are to go on. the other when they are to be turned off. Fdr example, if the lights are to go on at seven you set one hand at 7 p. m. If the parking light* are to go off at six you set the other hand at 6 a. m. Au eight-day clock mounted on the dash operate* various merhanistw to open and close a switch In accordance with the setting of the hands. Thus at T p. m. th* mechanism closes the switch and on go the lights. At 6 a.m. the following morning the switch to OLHMiVd AiMl off tiICY

Only 21 Per Cent of Nation’s Workers Employed on Farms Machines an Aid in Creating Jobs MOST difficult problem of the discussions about technological unemployment—the replacement of men by machines—is to separate the short from the long time point of view. It is difficult to argue with a man who-has lost his job because the company b* worked for has Installed one machine which does his work and that of nln* of his fellow workmen. Maybe it takes one man to operate the machine so nine men are out of a job unless they can make the transition to a new field of endeavor. w That example, ever being duplicated throughout American industry in a myriad of ways, is the short seal* view. It Is hard on the Individual but in the long run may prove beneficial to the nation as a whole. Men Versus Machine* The new book, “Machinery, Employment and Purchasing Power” just published by the National Industrial Conference Board, concedes the problem of the short scale replacement of men by machines but rightly emphasise* also the picture of machines In industry over the longer period—say 50 years—when the recent economic unpleasantness may reasonably be a thing of the past and half forgotten. In the 50 years from 1879 to 1929, It is pointed out, 18 new manufacturing industries came into existence and ac-1 counted for an 18 per cent increase in I total employment. During the same years the number of people employed per million of population in the new manufacturing industries increased by 40 per cent. First place among the new Industrie* I as an employer of labor was the automobile industry. Next came the electrical machinery Industry. Others include i rubber tires and inner tube* manufacture of gasoline, rayon and allied products, manufactured ice, aluminum manufacture, typewriter* and part* cash registers and adding ma-I chine* and the whole aircraft industry. Significant-In the employment problem, the conference board’s study | show*, is that In the last 50 years agriculture has changed from an Occupa-1 tlon which employed half the working | population of the nation to one which employs only 21 per cent of th* workers. Effects of New Industrie* Manufacturing in the same 50 years rose from the place where it employed 21 per cent of the working population to where It now absorbs 29 per cent This Increase came In spite of the continual replacement of men by machine* Trade, transportation and the service Industries showed the largest transition in the 50 year* changing from the place where, they absorbed only 10 per cent of the workers to the stage where they now employ 29 per cent. Domestic service and the so-called professional service both showed a 3 per cent employment gain in the same period. Domestic help jumped from 10 to 13 per cent of the working population, while the professional workers rose from 3 to 6 per cent. Hawks Not Villains but Benefactors Bird Man Says HAWKS are still lumped in the single damnatory classification, “chicken hawks,” by an astonishingly large proportion of the population. Even to farmer* who might be expected to know the difference between good and evil on th* wing, a hawk Is merely something to be shotgunned if It come* within range. The lack of intelligence In this undiscriminating hostility to sharply brought out in a new bulletin of the United State* Department of Agricub ture, written by W.-L. McAtee of the United State* biologic*! survey. It to called Food Habit* of Common Hawk* and the government printing office sells It for 5 cent* Many of the hawk* are candidly admitted to merit the ill opinion and th* hostility of man. The goshawk, sharpshinned hawk. Cooper's hawk and duck hawk, which are attacker* of song birds and game birds a* well a* occasional barnyard fowl* are bracketed under one condemnation, a* of which little that to favorable can be said.” Hut there to a good sized list of other hawk species that range in human significance from .“ordinarily neutral; sometimes Injurious” up to "almost entirely beneficial.” These are the hawk* which the farmer, the sportsman. the outdoorsman generally, should learn to recognize and to- salute with “Pas* friend.’’ when he sees them. A whole group, known to hawkmen as the Buteo* Mr. McAtee lists a* “mouse hawks”—an apt characterization. when be explains that they prey predominantly on field-mice and other small rodent* These hawks very seldom err in the direction of taking song birds or game bird* Eagle Myth Dabunked. An important Item in the dietary of the beneficial hawks to insect* They devour huge numbers of fat caterpillar* wireworm* beetle* and grasshopper* One specie* the sparrow hawk. Mr. McAtee insists to misnamed and should be called th* grasshopper hawk. In grasshopper time its food consists almost entirely of these leaping pest* Eagle* which are close kin of the hawk* come In for a bit of debunking. They are not the fierce and glorious birds of prey that fly through political speeches. The golden eagle, Mr. McAtee states, feeds mostly an rahbits—and canton. The bah! eagle© America a immd emblein, jirc* 133 il*

ADVENTURERS’ CLUB “Snapping Doom 9 * By FLOYD GIBBONS Famous Headline Hunter. MAKE room for Pete Gill of New York City. Pete is today’s Distinguished Adventurer, and since there’s always room for one more in the Adventurers’ Club, we won’t have any trouble finding a seat for him. Pete is a ship steward —not a steward on a big ocean liner, but the sort of one who has charge of the feeding of the crew on a tramp steamer. That kind of a steward goes a heck of a lot of places and sees a heck of a lot of things. And usually, he has a heck of a lot of thing* happen to him, too. Well, sir, Pete to no exception to that rule. He’s had plenty of things happen to him. But the most hair-raising of them all was that adventure in Austral!* In the spring of 1922 His ship sailed out of San Francisco in May, and its first stop was at a port that went by the peculiar name of Rockhampton Meat Work* It waa just a canning factory dock, about four miles from th* town of Rockhampton on the northeast coast of Austral!* Rockhampton Itself was only a small town. Ths whole doggone raglon wasn’t very thickly populated. Between the town and the meat works there was a strip of desert that wasn’t Inhabited at all. It was Pete’s first trip to Australia and he wanted to see the place, so he decided to take a walk to Rockhampton. Before he left he arranged to meet I some of his shipmates In town at a pub run by a man named Jack Oak. He I started out about 4 o’clock in the afternoon. And as he left a longshoreman i warned him: “Watch out for dingoe* This part of the country to full of them." Ever Hear of Dingoes? They’re Wild Dogs I Pete had heard of dingoes—the wild dogs of Australia—but he had never thought there’d be any that near the coast He didn’t take the longshoreman’s 1 warning any too seriously, but he did cut himself a good stout stick to defend himself with, Just In case some of those wild pooches did come along. Pete walked for about two miles without seeing a sign of any wild animat He had covered half his journey by then, and he was beginning to think that | longshoreman's story was just a lot of horse feather* Then suddenly he heard ; a sharp yelp behind him and whirled about There, not a hundred feet away ; from him were six dingoe* their beads down, foam dripping from their jaw* making for him at full speed. I Pete knew better than to try to run from a pack of dog* That was Just what they wanted. A dog Is most dangerous when pursuing | a fleeing quarry. He stood in his tracks and faced the oncoming beast* thanking his lucky Mars that hs had stopped to cut the stick, which h« now held poised, ready to swing at ths first dingo that came at him. "In a few seconds,” Pete say* “they were on me I swung the stick and I beat the first one off. I had barely time to whip the stick up again when an- ; other jumped. I knocked that one down. Then the dogs drew off a bit and ' began to circle around me" That was what Pete had been afraid of. Once they began lunging at him > from all sides, he would not be able to defend himself. He’d have given anyj thing at that moment for a tree—a wall—a rock—anything he could get his back r " .m-d'atS' * ■■ ■ ' 1 £9 7f I The Snarling Devils Were Lunging at Him From All Side* up against. Anything that would keep those snarling, snapping devils out In front of him, where he could hold them off. But on that flat, sandy stretch of Australian desert there was no shelter for mile* Odds Against Him Were Six to One. Behind him a third dog growled and closed In. Pete turned to beat him off, and as he did so another leaped at his throat If that dog had made It the battle would have been ail over—but somehow he managed to get his stick between him and the animal. A fifth dog Jumped and tore the sleeve off Pete’s coat For ten minutes Pete fought on. He didn’t get off unscathed, either. That dog that had taken his coat sleeve had taken a little flesh along with it His trousers were in shred* and blood was streaming from his fingers, legs and arm* “I was pretty weak from swinging," he say* “and from the loss of blood, although by that time I had almost beaten one of the dingoes to death, they were still coming at me." Courage Plus a Big Stick Saved Him. Then the battle began to turn in Pete’s favor. Two of the dingoe* ran away. Another was laid out on the sand, half dead from the beating Pete had given it He made another vicious swing and laid out another dog, but th* remaining two stiU kept coming. By that time courage began to com* creeping back into Pete’s body. He began to feel that maybe he could handle those two remaining dog* after aIL And then over th* top of • sand dune cams a man—a native of th* country. He raised a rifle and there was a sharp crack. The last two dog* turned and ran, and In another minute Pete wee being half carried toward the town of Rockhampton. Th* Australian took Pet* to Jack Oak’s pub, and they put a couple of stiff drinks of brandy into him and tied up hte wound* After that, Pete felt better again. Jack Oak drove him back to hl* ship in his ear, and the ship’s doctor did the rest. But here * the joke of the whole business. “If I had only known enough to light a match,” says Pet* “I’d have been all right, because the dingoes don’t like fire and won't go anywhere near it" ©—wxuswvtoa.

Tobacco Used as Remedy for Cholera in France During the cholera epidemic I* France In 1831 the use of tobacco was said to induce immunity. To ward off illness while the great plague of 1663 was la progress In London everyone was urged to smoke. Small children were compelled to take tobacco. At Eton classes were instructed to pan** and light up at frequent interval*, write* Chari** Smutny In th* Chicago Tribune. Who first brought the plant to Europe is not established, nor is it certain who smoked the first pipeful. Jean Nlcot. whose name remain* today In nicotine, sent tobacco seeds to Franc* aUout 1560. Within five year* Sir John Hawkins returned to England with tobacco. Moqt of Europe and part* of Africa and Asia had th* weed by the opening of the Seventeenth century. was preferred In Franc* for many year* The "drinking of tobacco." as smoking was termed to England, became common

The Italian L«ta The Italian fate la a beautiful mandolin. Hungary la the place to go for dulcimer players for there they have made a study of the similar ximbalon The English, liking It* sweet tones, changed its name to dulcimer. Stamp Imm Convoltdated in 1547 In 1847, an act of congress forbade the preparation of further stamps by the local postmasters and decided on a government issue, which was to be current throughout the country.

SYRACUSE JOURNAL

and later fashionable through the example of Sir Walter Raleigh. Every schoolboy knows the legend of the drenching of Sir Walter Raleigh by his valet This faithful fellow, for the first time seeing smnke issuing from the mouth and nostrils of hi* master, believed him to he afire and promptly emptied a bow) of water, ale. or beer over Sir Walter. The beverage changes a* do the characters in the anecdote Slightly varied versions are given for Richard Tarleton and other* Another Sir Walter Raleigh yarn Involves a wager with Queen Elizabeth. He bet that he could weigh tobacco smoke. First he weighed a pipeful of tobacco, then smoked it and aubtracted the weight of the aahe* TBnb KubSmiwclui The Kalmocts are a nomadic Mongo! race of fearless horsemen and soldier* Buddhist la religion, who inhabit parts of Chin* Siberia and Ru* gla. Although of small stature, for centuries they have been noted as fierce warrior*

BnsMng in OU Mirror* Old mirrors were backed with tin foil and mercury. The glass was thoroughly cleaned and the foil was then laid on and made smooth. The mercury was subsequently poured on the foil and the excess sponged off. Belgium Has Maoy Caoal* Belgium, as well as Holland, has a highly developed river and canal system providing not only cheap transport but relieving the congestion as welL

(>4ll Ground |O House Q| Footstqpls placed under the table will prove a source of great comfort to short people at meal time* * • • Tiny patties filled with chicken, crabmeat or lobster salad, served with afternoon tea, are appreciated by those who do not care for sweet* • • • Tomatoes will keep for three or four days in a mechanical refrigerator if placed stems down In a shallow pan. • • • If the pan in which chocolate is melted Is lightly buttered, it will pour more easily. • e e Grated orange rind and two teaspoonfuls of orange Juice added to fudge while cooking gives it a delicious flavor. • • • When making uncooked frostings with powdered sugar, add a little more sugar than recipe calls for. Sugar Is likely to absorb moisture if left uncovered. • • e If your floors are worn and will not hold wax, try touching up the worn places with white shellac and then wax. The floors will be much Improved by this treatment • • e String and butter beans will cook more quickly if salt is not added to the water in which they are boiled until a few minutes before removing from the fire. • • * House plants will have to be watered more often now than they were during early winter month* A warmer temperature and brighter sunshine will dry the pots out much more rapidly. • • • To measure a cupful, a tablespoonful or a teaspoonful of any dry ingredient, fill utensil full, but do not pack. Level off with a knife. C Bell Syndicate.—WXU Serrtea. Tired Human Beings React the Same as Animals Do Human beings react like animals when they are tired or under strong emotional stress, Dr. Gregory S. Razran, psychologist of Columbia university, has discovered. During two years of research, Doctor Rax ran experimented with conditioned reflexes on college boy* Doctor Razran explained the effect of fatigue and emotion upon the human mind by pointing out that ”a person neither thinks nor reasons then."

T-HREE years ago Harvey S. Firestone conceived the idea that farm work would be easier, faster, and more economical if it were done on rubber. rz <U,«_ I* wa ’ 0,1 *h e Old Homestead farm in ntofcwr*nTrrrrii Columbiana County,Ohio,which Mr. Firestone Tract i treed la \ gHU operates, that he directed engineers and developed a * it practical pneumatic tire for tractors and every other *•*2.***Z wheeled implement on the farm. The result was a edMf eeMefibeHw super-traction tire so unusual in design and so amazing performance that a patent was issued on the tire by the United States Patent Office at Washington. On tractors, Firestone Ground Grip Tires will* , " do the work 25 per cent faster with a saving of 25 per e cent in fuel cost. On sprayers, combines, binders and FOB CAKS other farm implements they reduce draft 40 to 50 per 4.40/4.50/4.75-21... cent; do not pack the soil, sink into soft ground or make 4.75/5.00-19 8.50 rut*- protect equipment; do not damage crops and vines; 4.50/4.75/5.00-20... 8.35 speed up every farm operation. 5.25/5.50-17 **>10.55 One set of tires will fit several implement* Tires 5.25/5.50-18 10.05 can be changed quickly from one implement to another. 6.00-16 *11.95 three sets are all you need to take care of HEAV y duty practically all your farm implements. 4.40/4.50/4.75-21 *.59.80 See the Firestone Tire Dealer, implement dealer or 4.75/5.00*19. * * 10.60 Firestone Auto Supply and Setyice Store today—and in 4 50/4 75/5 00-20 .IO 3C placing your order for new equipment, be sure to specify 5 25/5 50-11‘**1X59 Firestone Ground Grip Tires on your new tractor or 6 0016 read WHAT FARMERS SAY ABOUT FOB TKUCKI THESE REMARKABLE TIRES 32x6?£ 8X7.65 “With my tractor on Ground “Ground Grip Tire* give my 32x6HD.... 36.X5 Grip< ** a ‘? ot °°f- thlrd fAOC more power, pull® two sixteen- D g ’ 6.00-20 >0.95 6.50- 31.95 aU condition*"—lL A. Wharram, “Ground Grips «ave about one-7.00-so a*.ie 7.50- 35.30 “I can move my tractor on two years.’’ — L. R. Lovej 7.50- 39.00 Ground Gripe from one job to LaSa le, Colo. «' O c an 4* mm another without the necessity “In doing custom work on ,XD-XV........... Itwding it nntn ■ trailer.”— Ground Grip Tires I can net $S »00-« o *e-w <W- I ” ar FOB TBACTOBS “Mine is a two-plow tractor but .. Gfound Grip Tlre , won ’t r M ~ it pulls three 14-inch plows fi e ia, or roadbeds, or 5.00-15 **S 9.35 easUy in high gear since I put damage crops or seeding*”— kxn 4A "ss mm on Ground Grip Tire*”— Hugh G. Humphreys. New. ***’•*’ Frank Warrick, Rushville, I»mL Hartford, N. Y. 6.00-16*...»•••••• 11.15 . ... 7-50-18 15.76 £S£‘n. 8.25-40*... 68.40 9.00-36 66.55 * 59.95 Hr 12.75-28 86.85 M Cl J I ' ©im,F.«,*A<K H

LARGEST ELECTRIC SIGN DEPICTS A SEA SCENE ON BROADWAY New York.—A huge electric display, the largest of its kind the world has ever seen, is now Illuminating New York’s famous Broadway. Extending one full city block, the sign towers ten stories high and represents a million dollar Investment The display depicts a tropical seascene with gigantic multi-colored fish gliding about in gentle, unhurried movement* among rhythmic waves of sea-green light Bubbles rise lazily to the top of the sign. The Wrigley chewing gum company, for whom the sign has been designed, carries out the soothing psychological effect with the message “Steadies the Nerve*" The sign contains 1,084 feet of neon tubing, almost 70 miles of insulated wire. More ithan 29,000 lamp receptacles and eight tons of gal vanlzed sheet metal are used. The annual wattage consumed is sufficient to operate all the radios in the United States for two hours, while the electric current required for the dlspay would serve every need of a city of 10,000. Rare Birds in Topeka Zoo Result of Cross Breeding The Gag park zoo at Topeka, Kan., has three fowls not to be found elsewhere tn the world. They were produced by crossing a blue guinea hen with a Buff Orpington rooster. The hybrids have white and yellow feather* a head like no other fowl’* the voice of a guinea, the appearance of a small wild turkey. Slop BUNION Pain! Tbeoe toothing, healing pad* give you mttnnt relief from painfulbunion.; .top nhoe prewure, cushion and ihidd the tore npot. Sold at afi drug, ahoe and SCALPT Cuticura brings soothing, welcome relief. The Ointment aids in removing dandruff — the Soap keeps the scalp clean—and promotes hair beauty. Buy today. Soap 25c. Ointment 25e and 50c. FREE sample if you write “CuUeura.” Dept. * Malden, Man.

America's Meat Consumption Shows Rise During 1935 Meat consumption In the United States since 1900 has averaged 64 pounds of pork, 63 pounds of beef, six pounds of veal, and six pounds of lamb or mutton, for each man, woman and child each year. Last year we ate a little more than th* average—6B pounds of pork, 64 of beef, 10 of veal and seven of lamb. CONSTIPATED 30 YEARS "For thirty yoara I had chronic const ipation. Sometimes I did not *o for four or five daya. I a7so h * d •"'fol taa bloatin t- headaches and pain in tha back. Adlorika helped right away. Now I eat aausage, bananas. . „ . P». •nything I want and never Mt better. I sleep soundly all night and enjoy life.” — Mra. Mabel Schott. If you are suffering from constipation, sleeplessness, sour stomach, and gas bloating, there is quick relief for you in Adlerika. Many report action in 30 minutes after taking just one dose. Adlerika gives complete action, cleaning your bowel tract where ordinary laxatives do not even reach Dr. H. L. Shoub, New York, reports: *‘ln addition to intestinal cleansing, Adlerika checks the growth of intestinal bacteria and colon bacilli.** Give your stomach and bowels a real deansing with Adlerika and see how good you feel. Just one spoonful relieves GAS and chronic constipation. Sold by all druggists and drug departments. PARKER’S HAIR BALSAM Rwnove. Dandruff-Stop. H»lr Falling Hkklh Inwarta Color and Beauty to Gray and Faded Hair and n .00 at Druggists. AilW Hiaroi Chem. Wks.. Patehoiroe. N.Y. FLORESTON SHAMPOO to* connection with Parker’a Hair Balsam. Makes the hair eoftjnd VY/HEN kidneys function badly and W you suffer a nagging backache, with dizziness, burning, scanty or too frequent urination and getting up at night; when you feel tired, nervous, alf up«t. ..use Doan’s Pills. Doan’s ar* especially for poorly working kidneys. Millions of boxes are used every year. They ar* recommended the country over. Ask your neighbor!