The Syracuse Journal, Volume 28, Number 31, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 28 November 1935 — Page 2

2

BRISBANE THIS WEEK Death From the Air Barring the Inventor The Republican Odds To Starve Italy Warfare in Ethiopia consists largely in surprising the enemy in some nar-

row gorge or valley. 1 Ethiopians have thus surprised Italians on a small scale. Now the Italians have shown i I that the thing can i be done from the air by killing 2.000 ; Ethiopian warriors, i of whom 20.000 j were massed tn the ! Mel Mezoid valley. ■ south of Makale. ■ Ethiopians withI stood, with fine j courage, the attack with machine guns, j

Artkar Brl«ta»e

tncendiary and explosive bombs, England really has free speech. On your soap box in Hyde Park you may i •ay what you please. If you do not advocate crime. But England does not like free speech from another country, through ■ the ether. The British Broadcasting I company will not let Marconi talk from Rome to Englishmen over the radio. He might convince them that it Is preposterous to try to starve out Italy for doing in Ethiopia what Eng- I land has done in many places. The j ruling seems hard on Marconi, considering that he Invented radio. Without him there would be no "British i Broadcasting company." — Those that make betting a business * •re often sound in their political Judg- | menta. They are at least cold.-calcu- I latlng; sentiment does not cloud their vision. On the Republican Presidential nom- ; tnation the betting now stands: Senator William E. Borah. 8 to I.' Governor Landon of Kansas. 10 to 1. Senator Vandenberg of Michigan, 15 to 1. Col, Frank Knox of Illinois, I 15 to 1. Governor Hoffman of New Jersey. Ogden L Mills, Senator David A. Reed, all 20 to 1. Professional bettors agree that Gov- I fcrnor Landon is gaining, and will probably leadjhe procession at (I to 1 In a few dayh. Band wagon climbers are more and more polite to Governor | Landon. The “sanctions’’ wall thrown by Eng- : land and France around Italy, smaller nations co-operating, ;tr< "suffocate and starve Italy * as Mussolini puts it, is now complete. Two million young or- I ganlxed Italians protest against the ’• effort to punish Italy for doing to Ethiopia what England and France | have done M other »or* nearly ctvF BiJßf"countries. H. G. Wells, aged slxty nlne, young- ‘ er and more brilliant tha’n when he | ▼rote “Doctor “The War of the Worlds." now in America on his way to see Hollywood. , says, “The film Is' a finer art than the novel, stage or the opera." Mr. Wells’ open mind proves his youth. The moving picture Is greater In Its possibilities than book, stage or ■ opera, because It contains all three, plus the marvelous power of photography. • Britain’s ambassador Is conferring with our State department concerning ; Japan's plan to seise Chinese provinces, containing M.(W,000. Chinese. 35.000,000 more than the total population of . Japan. If the Japanese could control, arm : •nd use 100.000,000 Chinese in the air •ml on the ground, that would be Interesting. But It would not be our butiness. and It la to be hoped that the ' British will not persuade our State department that this country ought to attend to it. — I Spiritually, politically and otherwise Important la the proposed “merger" approved by bishops of the three branches of the Methodist Episcopal ; church. Together, the Methodist Episcopal church. Methodist Episcopal church. South, and Methodist Protestant church would number 7.500,000 mem- i bets, the largest Protestant group. Young men ar* 'coming back into i fashion.- Dr. Alan Valentine, r only , thirty-four, former master of Pierson college at Yala. la made president of i Rochester university and starts well by denouncing the “ballyhoo” of college athletics, football especially. He •peaks with authority, not as a weakling bookworm, for he was a college athlete at Swarthmore, member of the Olympic team «t Paris in 1928. The American Bankers association reveals the interesting fact that our banks hold fifteen thousand million dollars* worth of government bonds—ln figures. $15,000,009,000. Well might a most important official of the government say: "Inflation? We have it now, biggest ever seen, frozen ia the banka. Walt until It breaks loose.” After the Tory election in England price* went soaring on London’s stock exchange. Companies that make war weapons and materials were most buoyant. The masses had voted for more, bigger and better battleship*, •nd war. if necessary. • Kias Fmibt* *>n4lc*U, lae. *XU»wO«. Aa Oxbow Lake An oxbow lake is a stagnant lake farmed la abandoned river beds when a river cuts through the neck of one of the meanders or loops characteristic of the cowee of rivers of slow current Without outlet or inlet the oxbow lake, oometlmes called a bayou, often becomes a marsh or swamp and finally — Crab Paaaloe Scieatuta A crab which died while moulting Its abell 500.000,000 years ago has

News Review of Current Events the World Over 1. Japan Suddenly Squelches North China Autonomy Scheme—ltaly Struggles Against Economic Sanctions —President Talks to Mayors About Taxes. By EDWARD W. PICKARD € Western Newspaper Union. *

JAPAN suddenly learned that the autonomy movement in the northI ern provinces of China, fostered by j the Japanese army commanders, was

likely to prejudice her case in the naval conference soon to open ' in London. Therefore the army high command in Tokyo told its subordinates on the continent to “lay off." and the ambitious schemes of I Maj. Gen. Kenji Dolhara came to naught, at least for the present. That plotter, who

A A '****’ L‘J Kenji Doi Kara

bad become known as “the Lawrence lof China,” quietly departed" from Peiping and his early return was not j expected. Thus, for the first time in recent j years, the Japanese militarists have been checked, by the Tokyo govern- ’ ment, which Informed them that the i mission of the Japanese army in Man- ; : chukuo did not include Intriguing for ■ i separation of the Chinese provinces | I and that it would not be permitted to. pass south of the great wall without ! an Imperial order. • Instead of the autonomy coup, the ! } Nanking government was told by the ; Japanese authorities In China that it must institute reforms in the northern provinces. Akira Ariyoshl, Japanese ambassador, had a long conference with Dictator Chiang Kai-shek in Nanking. and told the press he had rej celved assurance that the Chinese government was adequately prepared to j cope with the situation in north China. Ariyoshl said he had also received assurance that Nanking desired to continue friendly relations with Japan. Neutral observers in China are not convinced that the autonomy movement will not be revived at the first opportunity. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT has gone j • to Warm Springs, Ga.. for his anj nual visit, and for three weeks will divide his time among rest, politics and I work. He was to deliver one speech | at Atlanta; and after his return to Washington he will journey to Chicago to deliver an address on December 9 which probably will be an argument for a permanent AAA. Following his Chicago speech. Prest Ident Roosevelt will go to South Bend, Ind., to accept an honorary degree and ( rnakn a brief address at the Culver- i ■ of Notre Dame. The acceptance | et this Invitation was considered an i adroit ggliticai move because of his recent refusal to take any action concerning the Catholic persecutions in ■ Mexico. ■ ” *' T -.- - T SOMETHING new coder the «un is now being tried out—an eeoftoauc war to put a stop to a military war. Fifty-two nations are united in the

I Imposition of sanctions •gainst Italy, which became an outlaw nation on November IS by decree of the I League of Na 11 on a Four league nations, •11 unimportant, refused to participate, f They are Austria. Hungary, Albania and Paraguay. Indirect support is given the league by two non-

,< member nations, the United States •nd Germany. Nearly all the world’s j chief ports are closed to Italian goods, i and exports to Italy of arms, war ma* ■ terlals and a long list of key products | has stopped. Loans and credits for I the Italian government, public bodies, corporations and individuals are forbidden. Should this momentous action succeed. It would seem that the end of Benito Mussolini and the Fascist regime Ln Italy Is In sight Should It fall, the League of Nations fails, the British communications In the Mediterranean would be threatened, and the peace of the world would be menaced. Standing steadfast against the sanctions, Premier Mussolini. proclaimed the day on which they were estate llshed “a day of Ignominy and Iniquity? as had been declared by tbF Fascist grand council The day wasJ made a holiday, flags flew from ahp buildings and there were numerous me gry demonstrations against the member nations of the league. The frontiers of Italy and its ports were closed to goods of those nations except for certain necessities. Restrictions of food, fuel and light were put in force. It was announced In Rome that 100.000 of the recently mobilised soldiers would be given a furlough of three months to aid Industrial and agricultural production. There were new negotiations for peace, fostered by the British and French, and the Italian authorities were deeply interested but said the war would not stop until Italy had possession of a large strip of . Ethiopia. As for the Ethiopian war Itself. Mussolini announced an important change tn commanders. Gen. Emilio de Bono was recalled with warm praise for having achieved his mission “under extremely difficult circumstances” and was to be elevated to the rank of marshal Gen. Pietro Badoglio, chief of staff, was appointed to succeed De Bono as commander tn chief of the Invading armies. Emperor ll*|le Selassie made two airplane trips to the fighting fronts, visiting Harar and Dlredawa and inspecting his troops In the South. The government at Addis Aba be.- denied Italian claims that 2.000 Ethiopians had been killed In a terrific battle with Italian fliers. The communique said: of troops In the region of Makale states

the recent Intensive bombardment of their positions by ten Italian planes i caused thirty deaths and slightly wounded fifty. Instead of the 2.000 killed as mentioned Ln the press communique from Asmara.” j ! ( pOPE PIUS surprised the world by j * naming twenty new cardinals, who will be installed at a secret consistory December llFknd a public one December 19. In the group are fifteen Italians. two Frenchmen, one Argentine, one Spaniard and one Chechoslovakian. j With these additions the sacred colj lege will have slxty-nine members, the largest number In the history of the church and only one short of the full i complement. The sacred college will | now be composed of thirty-nine Italians and thirty non-Italians. ■ The pope also named the Most Rev. > 4 Joseph C. Plagens, recently auxiliary j bishop of Detroit, as bishop of the di- , ■ ocese of Marquette—Sault Ste. Marie, | j Mich., and Most Rev. Gerald P. O’Hara. | auxiliary bishop of Philadelphia, as I bishop of the Savannah diocose. j \ I X a mayors, assent- : ’ ’ bled in Washington to discuss the work relief program, called on the President, he talked chiefly about taxes, |

8k . ■BETd Mayor La Guardia

told the mayors: “It is a question that you have to! combat ■ My answer, and I am sure yours will be the same for city gov- i ernments, is that we do not propose to let people starve. Some people will be surprised to find that the gigantic works program will be substantially carried out by the end of November, just as If was planned last spring." | The mayors elected F. H. La Guardia ' of New York president of their an- i nual conference and Edward J. Kelly I of Chicago vice president, a position usually leading to the presidency the following year. La Guardia succeeds . Daniel W. Hoan of Milwaukee. The mayors recommended that the social security act be amended to Include old age pensions. for municipal employees?and urged co-operatioh by cities with the L>epartment of Justice for the suppression of crime. pUAIRMAN HENRY P. FLETCHER of the Republican national committee Issued a call for a meeting of the Committee in Washington on December 10 to fix th® time and place of the party** wrtlonal emventlon of 1936 and to consider the appnrttwunent of delegates. It was reported that Chicago was In the lead among the dtles seeking the convention. Mr. Fletcher also announced •• | point merit of a committee of alxu<.« I prominent Industrialists and lawyers to raise a big campaign fund. William B. Bell of New York, president of the American Cyanamid company, will be ! chairman of the committee, and Charles B. Goodspeed, assstant treasurer of the Republican national committee. Chicago lawyer, will be vice chairman. Many of the members have never before par- I tlcipated actively tn national politics. rXAVID A. REED, former senator I from Pennsylvania, heretofore considered a possibility for the Republican Presidential nomination, has eliminated himself from the competition. explaining that. he lacks “political sex appeal" What that is he couldn't exactly define, but he said: j “Roosevelt has IL But I discovered last year that I didn’t. I'm not a candidate for any public office." He was 1 heated last year for re-election to the senate. H. chairman of th® I W KFC. let It be known that the New Wfork Central railroad has agreed to repay $15,009,000 which It borrowed from the corporation. The loan, which | matures December 1. will be repaid out of the road’s $25,000,000 cash balance. The repayment will be the largest ever received by the RFC from a railroad. In return the RFC agreed to extend until July 1. 1941. the remaining $11,899,090 which the New York Central owes to IL I JNITED Gas Improvement company, one of the largest utility holding companies In the United States, controlling over 50 utility operating and sub-holding companies, filed suit in Federal District court In Philadelphia to restrain the federal government from enforcing the public utility holding company act of 1935. The suit charges the act is unconstitutional. . I INLESS British miners are given two shillings per day Increase In wages, they will go on strike before Christmas, this action being authorised by their own vote. The result of the ballot shows 460351 voted for striking while 29.215 voted against—-o majority of more than 93 per cent The miners' leaders said they would ask for a conference with Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin to learn If the government will do anything to aid the miners. Mine owners tn Great Britain say they cannot grant the pay Increases demanded because the mines st present do not make enough money to justify raises.

1 L J Gen. Badoglio

SYRACUSE JOURNAL

which he said “have grown up like Topsy j in this country." He then announced that I he planned to call a conference of city and state officials late in the winter for the pur- ; pose of studying the : whole system of taxa- ! tlon which, he said, I should be simplified. ; Concerning the mat- J ter of continuance of ! relief, Mr. Roosevelt

A NOTHER prominent figure of the **• World war passed with the death of Earl Jellicoe, who commanded the united British fleet In the great battle of Jutland and was severely criticized because he did not succecal In completely defeating the German fleet. ’ Jellicoe, who entered the navy as • cadet at thirteen years of age, had a colorful career on British ships and tn administrative positions throughout the world until at the end of four years as governor general of New Zealand in 1924 he practically retired from official public life. pLANS to establish a three hun- * dredth anniversary fund at Harvard university this year, for the awarding of large annual prize scholarships to boys in each state of the Union, were announced by President James B. Conant in a letter sent t*» 65,000 Harvard alumni. The fund Will > also be used for the creation of plo- . neering professorships of an entirely new type. A MERICAN business generally l« x * pleased with the terms of the new trade treaty with Canada, made public simultaneously In Washington and Ottawa. Farmers and the lumber men of the northwest will not like it High tariff advocates In congress are sure to attack the pact, but Its terms cannot be affected for three years, even were congress to repeal the reciprocal trade act under which I‘rest- ; dent Roosevelt acted In negotiating the ; agreement It is considered a trade agreement rather than a formal treaty, I and goes Into effect January 1 next j Government officials, foreseeing ad- J j verse reaction in some quarters be- i : cause of some of the sliced American duties, sought to show the pact would ! lead to greatly increased trade and emi ployment which would benefit the | country. President Roosevelt stressed that while lowered on Canadian cattle, leream, seed potatoes and certain kind! of lumber, quotas placed on these articles would prevent serious interference with the American market. An analysis of the pact shows that the United States grants concessions to . Canada on 79 major commodities, inj eluding : Tariff slash on four-year-old whisky j from $1 to 50 cents per fifth of • gallon. [ Reductions in duties on specified : quotas of beef cattle (from 3“ to 2 cents per pound on animals over i 700 pounds); dairy cows (2% to i cents); cream (56.6 cents to 35 cents per gallon) ; white or Irish seed potatoes (75 to 45 cents per 100 pounds); Douglas fir and western hemlock (50 per cent). i 1 Reduced duties on lumber and timber of other kinds; Cheddar cheese, turnips, apples, hay. maple sugar, live i poultry, horses, halibut and some other i fish; some leathers and ferromanganese. A pledge to keep on the free list Canadian pulpwood, newsprint, unmanufactured wood, shingles, lath, lobsters, certain furs, crude asbestos, artificial • abrasives and fertilizers. A promise to ts the present 10 per cent duty bn feedstuffs for animats. On the part of Canada the duties are cut on ISO commodities, some of the leading concessions being; Reduci tions on wheat (from 30 to 12 cents I a bushel); off-season fresh vegetables (50 per cent); vegetables imjwrted in marketing season (35 per cent); most classes of fa|m machinery (50 per cent); Industrial machinery (35 to 25 per cent); mining and textile machinery ; radios (30 to 25 per cent); electric refrigerators; tinplate manufactures; dressed lumber; building mate rials; motor vehicles; cotton fabrics, < furs, chemicals, silk fabrics, cotton I manufactures, electrical apparatus. Also rats cuts on oranges, grapefruit, nuts. Iron and steel manufactures. Place magazines and potatoes on the free list. A pledge to grant the United States. ! on 767 articles, the lowest rates paid by any non-Brltlsh country. A pledge to liberalize the system of establishing arbitrary valuations on American products. A promise to kee|» raw cotton on the free list and to put tractors on that list PRIME MINISTER STANLEY BALDWIN and his Conservative government party won an Impressive victory in the British parliamentary elee-

tions, although the Laborites succeeded in decreating the Conservative majority tn the house by about 00 seats. Baldwin himself was unopposed for re-election, but Ramsay MacDonald, lord president of the council and former prime minister, was badly defeated, as was his •on. Malcolm, who has been minister of col-

— Ramsay MacDonald i

onles. The elder MacDonald left the Labor party to form the national government. and the Laborites had been after his scalp ever since. The government party will have a majority of about 250 in the next I house of commons. The newly elected members of par- ' llament meet at Westminster on No* | vember 28 to take their oath of allegiance to the crown. This procedure i will occupy three days after which com- , mons will adjourn until December S ■ when King George will open the new . parliament NO CANON of ethics was violated by the lawyers’ committee of the American Liberty league when It offered to defend gratis the constitutional rights of any citizen unable to pay fees for such defense. Moreover, the lawyers’ committee is justified In preparing and disseminating “opinions upon legislation with particular reference to the constitutionality of such legislation.” Such Is the opinion of the American Bar association's committee on professional ethics and grievances, given in response to a complaint made by C. N. Davie of Atlanta. Ga. The bar committee emphasised that It expressed “no opinion as to the soundness of the conclusions reached by ths national lawyers’ committea.** ■

National Topics Interpreted XB by William Bruckart National Pr—a Building Washington, D. C.

Washington.—One of the New Deal policies about which there is an ever

increasing complaint is Its wanton destruction of the civil service. It used to be

ignore Civil Service

said, under Democratic and Republican administrations alike, that It was next to impossible to get a government Job except through examinations conducted by the Civil Service commission. That Is. there were few appointments available other than under civil service below the rank of Presidential selection. Now, the scene has changed to such an extent that there is little chance to get in the government through civil service and the bulk of the appointments therefore are of a purely politically-indorsed character. I do no/ mean to say that the Civil Service commission has shut up shop, although It has been virtually- dehorned, but I do emphasize that as ■ of September 30—the latest pay roll figures for the government—the number of civil service workers was only | slightly more than half bf the total | on the government pay rbll exclusive of the army, navy and Marine corps j and Civilian Conservation corps, i The Civil Service commission continues to Issue its monthy statements on the government personnel but they are becoming Increasingly less reliable because one of the most difficult things to get ih Washington these days is the accurate figure on the number of workers employed by Uncle Sam. The commission records are complete as far as they go but they fall to go far enough. At this time, for example, the Civil Service commission Yeports that the government pay roll covers 794,467 employees. That figure, however, does not include the vast army of employees of the Agricultural Adjustment administration who are scattered in every county In the nation, t have heard estimates that the number of these county chairmen. Inspectors, investigators, etc., exceeds 110,000 but whether that Is too large or too small I cannot be sure for the reason that there is no way by which the number can be checked. Similarly, it is next to impossible to ascertain the number of workers in some of the newer agencies. created under the guise of emergency conditions, because they too are scattered far and wide but the fact remains that the personnel of the government has been expanded more rapidly than ever in history and to the highest recorded peak even for war time. • • • The number of employees on June 30 was given by the commission as 719.440 from which Personnel n be seen there has been aa increase of more than 75.000 In three months. That is, there has been that much- of an increase for which the commission has records, but again it must be remarked that the commission has no way of compelling some of the alphabetical agencies to supply it regularly with the number of employees on their pay rolls. The number of federal employees aside from the military services when Mr. Roosevelt took office was approximately 585,000. The number of employees on the federal pay roll when Mr. Coolidge retired and Mr. Hoover became President was roughly 545.000. From these the enormous growth of the government bureaucracy is at least hinted if not demonstrated fully. Then, there are more yet to come. Several new agencies were created under acts of the last congress and others have since been created by executive order of the President Take the Rural Rehabilitation administration. for example. Prof. Rexford Guy Tugwell, who used to be brain truster No. 1, has a fund of $250,000,000 with which to phy and obviously Mr. Tugwell will need a great staff to assist him. The National Youth administration is another new one. It will not have as much money as Mr. Tugwell but it Is starting Its operation with $50,000,000 —and that Is quite a chunk of money to most of us. The National Labor board is hardly organized yet and the Social Security board has Just begun to arrange a setup. Likewise the board to administer the Guffey coal law—a little NBA for the soft coal Industry—has been appointed and is operating with only a few clerks. It cannot get along without a sizable corps of inspectors and examiners and investigators. It will have to have an extensive research staff in order that it can be supplied at all times with whatever facts and figures it needs or wants. So it goes on through the list almost unending. One newspaper columnist had the audacity to say in his column the other day that if Relief Administrator Harry Hopkins really wants to solve the unemployment problem he ought to turn his attention to the government itself. At the rate of expansion, the government probably could be made to absorb the 3,500,000 unemployed to whom Mr. Hopkins was preparing to give work by December L a • • December 1 is hereabouts. But Mr. Hopkins has not succeeded in his much

publicized plan to give all of the 3,500000 unemployed workers . Jobe. He

the Jobs?

was doomed to failure from the start He announced, it will be remembered, that all federal relief was to end on November 1, by which time he figured that made-work would be available for the 3,500,000. This figure was the topmost limit for which the federal government was to be responsible. The states and municipalities were to take care of the remainder of roughly 5,000,000 who had to have help. November 1 came along and Mr. Hopkins changed the date to December 1 He did this after consultation with the President who announced with con--iiderable emphasis that be meant just what he said and that federal relief was going to stop as of December L it seems the machinery was too

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1935.

ponderous to get in motion In time to absorb all of these workers. Most folks recognized It weeks ago but Mr. Hopkins steadfastly clung to his dream and that dream, like so many others, was dissipated in the thin air j and sank almost without trace. On top of this Hopkins failure has come a serious problem. It is serious

for the administration not only because of the fact that winter is coming on and

Serious Problem

people must be fed and clothed but it is delicate from the political standpoint. In the last few weeks a considerable number of complaints have , reached Washington officials from j those who were provided with work. They contend that the government wage rate is insufficient to meet their needs. This results from the increased ■ cost of livitig-T-higher prices for food and clothing and the other necessaries of life. The administration is being blamed for this condition. Opponents of the New Deal are capitalizing this discontent. They are saying to the folks i who find the wages too small that they have been made the victim of New Deal policies, such as tampering with the currency, nationalizing silver, paying bounties for reduced production ou the farms and the like. J* The upshot of the situation is that not only those on made-work who are paid by the government and those who are on legitimate pay rolls of industry are becoming thoroughly dissatisfied. They are demanding more money. I do not believe anyone can forecast what will happen. One thing is certain: if industry must increase wages, consumers will have to pay the price. There will be further increases in the things we all buy in event higher wages are obtained from commerce and Industry. And, if the government raises wages to those on work, the drain ou the treasury will be correspondingly faster. The taxpayer has to pay this. So all in all there is a difficult problem to be solved by the President and his relief advisers. • • • Few of us ever stop to think what a job it is to maintain the supply of

money in circulation. Omitting any consideration of the paper currency which keeps

It’s Some Big Job

the gigantic bureau of printing and engraving opmating 24 hours each day and considering only the coins that jingle, it requires the operation of two or three great plants to mint our money. The bureau of the mint in the treasury gave out some figures the other day that seem to me to be most interesting. They are interesting because of their size. On the basis of these figures, it is calculated that there are actually in the pockets of the American people the following number of coins, each figure being ah approximation: 1,000,000,000 dimes, 1,400,000.000 nickels, 5.500,000,000 pennies, 400,000,000 quarters, 200,000.000 half dollars and approximately 33,000,000 silver dollars. These figures furnish an interesting commentary as well on our present modes of living. They supply a sidelight on our system of taxation which calls for pennies, nickels and dimes here, there and everywhere as a result of sales taxes. Besides, transportation systems like the street cars call for an ; exceptionally large quantity of the minor coins like nickels and dimes. One could enumerate a score of factors in modern life that compel each of us to carry and use these small coins. The mint bureau is authority also for the information that even this stupendous sum of minor coins seems insufficient. The mints, accordingly, have been speeded up and they are now working at a rate almost double that of 1934. How much further they '■ will have to expand cannot be foretold. but ds an innocent bystander, I fear that if 1 have to carry coins in any greater number than I have had them loaded In my pockets, it Is going to mean new business for the tailors. 1 They will have steady work replacing trouser pockets. e Western Newspaper Union. “Thumb Ball,” Name sor a the Earliest Thimbles The use of thimbles dates from time immemorial. The very early ones were probably bollowed-out bones, but ■ they were soon followed by thimbles of iron and brass, and several of these have been found In the excavations of Rome. ‘ In England s the needlewomen of Anglo-Saxon times wore them on the thumb, which then exerted the pressure on the needle instead of the index finger. They called them “thumbballs," from which we get the name thimble. The first silver thimbles of which we have any record, says a writer In th® Montreal Herald, were used by the ladles of the French court during the Fifteenth century. The fashion soon spread to England, and all through the reigns of the Tudors a period which has often been called the “golden age” of needlework, the ladies vied with each other in the beauty and elegance of their thimbles. Exquisite specimens of finest gold, richly chased and embossed, and set with precious stones, flashed on dainty fingers as the fair needlewoman sewed together at their pieces of tapestry and delicate embroidery, while ivory thimbles with grooved rings on the outside, were found specially suitable for use with the gold and silver center of their designs. Oldest Qit*wee At the corner of Rue de Chene In Brussels stands Belgium's most famous fountain, whose naked manikin is everywhere called the city’s “oldest citl-

MOPLE HEAVIER, TALLER People of today are taller and haavter qtan their ancestors, writes P. W. Christmas, Boston, Mass., in ColUttffs Weekly. The best evidence of thia fact Is the costumes which adorn the numerous wax effigies in the historical museum. These clothes were actually worn by per-, sons who lived from 50 to 500 years ago, and they are much too small for the average-sized citizen of the Twentieth century.

NO UPSETS The proper treatment for a bilious child TMIEE ETEM 1 1 TO kEUEVIEB A eleansing dose today; d smaller quantity, tomorrow; less each time, \ until boioels need no help at all. \ ANY mother knows the reason her child stops playing, eats little, is hard to manage. Constipation. But what a pity so few know the sensible way to set things right! The ordinary laxatives, of even ordinary strength, must be carefully regulated as to dosage. A liquid laxative is the answer, mothers. The answer to all your worries over constipation. A liquid can be measured. The dose can be exactly suited to any age or need. Just reduce the dose each time, until the bowels are moving of their own accord and need no help. This treatment will succeed with any child and with any adult. The doctors use liquid laxatives. Hospitals use the liquid form. If it is best for their use. it is best for home use. The liquid laxative most families use is Dr. Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsin. Any druggist has iL ■ A ■ 1--4

’For the Meek Shall— Pray for a little egotism: and don't be meek, whatever you are.

A Three Days’Cough Is Your Danger Signal No matter how many medicines you have tried for your cough, chest cold or bronchial irritation, you can l get relief now with Creomulsion. Serious trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford to take a chance with anything less than Creomulsion. which goes right to the seat of the trouble to aid nature to soothe and heal the inflamed membranes as the germ-laden phlegm is loosened and expelled. Even if other remedies have failed, don't be discouraged, your druggist is authorized to guarantee Creomulsion and to refund your money if you are not satisfied with results from the very first bottle. Get Creomulsion right now. (AdvJ ■■ 1 ?

ijk LA S’AVVIA

Break up thatch Perhaps the surest way to prevent « cold | lr<Nn''catchin3 hold" and getting worse is, ____ at once, to C/eanse /nitric FREE naWy. Do it the pleasant teaCfiMPI F CU P *«*• Flush *ystem eunri n tvs ***** • **°* CU P °* I Tea- the mild, easy-to-take Brseklye, N. Y. liquid laxative. At drug-stores

FGarfieldTeaJ

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