The Syracuse Journal, Volume 28, Number 16, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 15 August 1935 — Page 2

2

BRISBANE THIS WEEK Why So Many Men? Bitterness in Berlin Frank H. Hitchcock Dead ‘ The Snake Has Rights . Why does Mussolini need so many men for little Abyssinia? If he at-

tack*, he will go through the air | with bombs, poison gas or both. He certainly will not [ march hundreds of [ thousands of men through swamps, and over hot sand. He now has 925.000 I men under arms, j with 340.000 Fas--1 cist militia ready to I l>e called, plus 200,000 others, born two years before the big war started. Is something else

Arthar Brl»b«»e

present or expected, back of all. this man power? Even if Japan should come in, that wonld only mean a more complicated air war. Berlin reports Increased bitterness In the war against the Catholic church, with official posters, eight feet high, printed in red, scattered through the city, attacking alleged Catholic opposition to Nasi rule. * The posters speak of the "grafting Center (Catholic) party, working hand In hand with Bolshevism.** and declare that Catholics, “the eternal enemies of the relch. wish to destroy the unity of Germany.” The posters are believed to indicate new and more bitter attacks on Catholic organisations. Many Americans will learn with sincere regret of the death of Frank H. Hitchcock; postmaster general in President's Taft’s cabinet and at the time of his death publisher of the Tucson Dally Citizen. * Frank Hitchcock, typical, intelligent American, will be remembered as first to appreciate the airplane's Importance in connection with distribution of mall. Twenty-four years ago, when dying was new, he flew, taking a pouch of mall with him. and advocated immediate use of planes over “impassable stretches of country." At Thomasville. N. C M Rev. Campbell Holmes, “Holy Roller”, preacher, allowed a rattlesnake to bite him as he,, preached. “Just to show you that God will take care of me." There was excitement and admiration In the congregation. Next day his arm was badly swollen, he was violently 111, death threatened, but the /Holy Roller" preacher refused medical attention. The reverend gentleman perhaps forgot that the same great Power 4hat gave him bls beautiful faith also gave ’ the rattlesnake its powerful poison. Each creature has Its gifts, not safely ignored. x f Did you buy bonds In the big war excitement, when little ladles, seated on elephants, sang patriotic songs and begged you to give “till it hurts '? One hundred and eighty-five million dollars* worth of government bonds are mislaid somewhere, perhaps hidden In old trunks. In desks, safe-de-posit boxes, by those now dead. The government would. like to get these , past-due bonds and pay for them. —...11 , • s Oh the edge of the Sacramento river in California, a lady, thirty years old. appeared with a suitcase. While eight youths looked on, she undressed, then danced for some time on the edge of the water, finally plunged In. crying, “I'm not coming back." and sank tn midstream. That death-preceding dance is new In suicide. One out of every three married couple* In the United States is childless, news not complimentary to the childless families. Exceptions are cases in which niture refuses to send children. You would not value a chain of steel with every third link broken, or a , chain of heredity with every third link missing. Thia “chi Id leas family" news should make this country revise stupid laws against Immigration, shutting out men ami women willing to have children. and work for them. Madame Evelyn, who reads the stars, the future, the crystal globe and the lines In your hand on the New Jersey beach, reed the “lines" for a 200-pound customer, then sighed and said: “I see only trouble ahead of you." The client also sighed, and he, says Madame Evelyn, stood up and said: “'You.are an excellent fortune teller, and here's the beginning of the trouble,’ and socked me on the Jaw, knock Ing me out of my chair." Americans Interested, In cotton production and wondering how long our export figures will stand up will want - to know that Japanees cotton buyers have "folded up." as one Texas cotton grower put it; have moved out of Texas, apparently giving up all Idea ot buying cotton there. The late Nathan Straus used to say: “If a German loses one of his relatives, he feel* badly. If he loses money, be goes to bed sick." German trade and Industry will "go to bed sick" If it persist* tn its present attitude toward those that promote business and prosperity in every country where Jews are treated fairly. • 1S«. WMV SsrviM. Csk't Cwatral Highway Cuba’s Central highway is a conerete motor* road 20.06 feet wide and 706 gsUee long through the cnbiiWhf I the Island. It was begun tn 1028 and completed In 1881 at a cost of approximately >101425,000. There are no grade crossings. hl fJrsjnl There are 878 important waterfalls In Bradl, only 154 of which have been roughly measured, and have a potsn rial force of at Met OOJXMuOOO horsepower; ■

News Review of Current , Events the World Over Victory in Rhode Island Election Elates the Republicans— Guffey Coal Bill Undergoes Changes—Black’s Probers Enrage Hurley. By EDWARD W. PICKARD C Westem^New, paper Union.

REPUBLICAN leaders throughout *the country were Immensely heartened—probably too much so—by the result of the by-electlon in the First

district of Rhode Island. Charles F. Risk. Republican and determined opponent of the New Deal, defeated Antonio Prince, Democrat, by nearly 13,000 votes, capturing the seat in congress which Francis B. Condon, Democrat, resigned to go on the, State Supreme court. The reversal was so decisive

Chas. F. Risk

that the Republicans hailed it as a clear Indication that President Roosevelt would be defeated for re-election next year. .Representative R. 11. Snell of New York, minority leader, made a speech about it in the house In which he said: “This is the first time the people of any part of the country have had an opportunity to pass on the reckless and extravagant expenditures of the administration. They have passed upon It In a very decisive manner. The election shows the people are beginning to think. The handwriting is on the wall. From now on we will witness similar rejections by the citizenry of the New Deal program." Other Republican congressmen spoke in similar vein, but John J. O’Connor, New York Tammany Democrat, countered with the assertion that there was a split in the Democratic party in the Rhode Island district; while Tom Blanton of Texas shouted shame on Rhode Island because It had asked more federal aid than almost any cither state. Anti-New Deal Democratic senators, like Gerry, Byrd and Tydings, agreed the election was significant, but from the White House there was no comment former Senator Fess of Ohio with surprising frankness expressed the belief that the G. O. P. would have to - wait until 1940 to elect a President. Voicing the opinion of many, the veteran campaigner said: “I don’t see how the strongest Republican wittrout all that money next year can beat the weakest Democrat with nearly $3,000,000,000 at his disposal." D EITRUCANS of the ten Mldwest- , * ■ era states that participated in the .Grass Roots conference in Springfield, 111-, have made the Grass Roots* movement a- permanent auxiliary of the pdrty. Harrison E. Spengler of lowa is Its chairman, Mrs. Leslie Wheeler of Illinois the vice chairman, and Jo Ferguson ofWklahoma, the secretary. Michigan, Ohio and Kentucky; not represented at the Springfield meeting, have been Invited to Join in the rnove'rnent. SENATOR HUGO BLACK of Ala ba nt a may bring out a lot of facts in his inquiry into lobbying, but his way of conducting the Investigation

Is not winning him any credit. The house has all along felt that he was trying to bully It Into accepting the utilities bill "death sentence" clause and has been correspondingly resent fut Various witnesses before the senate committee have felt, seemingly with reason, that they were being treated unfairly.

One of these witnesses who complained bitterly was Patrick J. Hurley, I secretary of war in tHe Hoover adI ministration. He testified that he had received SIOO,OOO from the Associated Gas and Electric system in the last three years, but insisted he was paid for lojral advice only and had done no lobbying. Hurley was not permitted to read a prepared statement, and Black's interjections and questions so angered the witness that he rose to his feet and shouted: ‘•Everyone knows all you gentlemen are good j prosecutors! Os course, you don’t know what it is to be fair or Just. You try to put words into a witness’ mouth. Your questions are all on the type of the ‘Why don’t you stop beating your wifey query." Joseph P. Tumulty, who was secretary to President Wilson, also was put on the stand and was not treated so roughly. He, too, admitted receiving considerable sums from utility concern*. and like Hurley he denied that h« had done any lobbying. Tumulty testified that he paid former Senator George H. Mose* (Rep.), N. H_ $5,000 and would pay another $2,500 to John Walsh, a brother of the late Senator Thomas J. Walsh (Dem.). Mont. Moses and Walsh. Tumulty said, are attorneys and aided in work done for the utility clients. THERM were strong indications that th* house way* and mean* committee would produce an entirely new measure to replace the Guffey bituminous coal bill. Chairman Doughton revealed that the committee had adopted a number of amendments designed to bring the measure within constitutional limits and to meet objections that it would discriminate against some coal districts. The committee Mill Mood 14 to 11 against the bill, however. The President was said to have informed the Democratic member* that be was agreeable to any change* they might wish to make provided the main objective* of the measure were maintained. According to current report, the changes agreed upon in the committee tnrtwbwt * . ■Bminatton of the section forbid

ding the Interstate Commerce commission to issue certificates of convenience and necessity for operation of railroads to bitiminous mines without prior approval by the bituminous coal commission. Establishment of a consumers’ counsel to safeguard the interests of consumers. Addition of a provision for hearings to determine whether the method of fixing prices was working to the detriment of any coal producing district. Reduction from nine to five in the number of commission members, and the addition of a stipulation that none shall have any outside connections. Reduction from 25 to 15 per cent In the amount of the tax assessed against mine operators. Reduction from 99 to 90 per cent in the amount of credit allowed the producers who abide by the code. VIOLENTLY attacked from all sides and nowhere defended with enthusiasm, the President’s new share-the-wealth tax bill nevertheless was

Sen. Barbour

was easily defeated. As passed by the house, the bill 1? not quite what the President asked for. Briefly summarized, it Increases taxes on individual Incomes over $50,000, substitutes a graduated corpor-ation-income tax for the present flat levy, puts new taxes on Inheritances and gifts in addition to those already borne by estates and gifts, imposes new taxes of 5 to 20 per cent on “excess" profits of corporations. It Is designed to raise revenue estimated at between $250,000,000 and $270,000,000. ' Its warmest friends couldn't explain how this would do much in the way of bringing about what the President calls “wider distribution of wealth," or in the way of balancing the budget. The measure was handed on to the senate with dubious prospects. It was expected the senate finance committee would study it for about a week, and Jn the meanwhile the conservative Republicans and not a few Democrats were preparing to fight it. Senator W. W«, Barbour of New Jersey, Republican, fired an opening gun with a statement in which he said: “Votes, and votes alone, are the objective of this half-baked measure." Declaring the bill “has no relation to making Income meet outgo, but is Intended to accomplish some weird social objective," Barbour continued: “What this bill actually attempts is to climb upon that hard-ridden steed, “Sbare-tbe-Wealth." and ride him away while the demagogues who have pressed him sorely in the past are looking in the other direction. “The bill should be laid away until the next session of congress when the budget for the ensuing year will be presented. Then, in the light of carefully appropriated federal moneys, we can determine how much revenue will be needed to operate.' “Taxes can be levied deliberately as a true revenue measure. Any other program is not good business and is not good government** ♦ One change made by the- house against the President’s wishes Involved corporations’ gifts to charities. Mr. Roosevelt was firmly against letting corporations deduct from their taxable income any gifts to charity. Just as firmly the house voted to let them deduct up to 5 per eent of their Incomes. NCP is the latest born of the alphabetical family In Washington. It is the National Cultural program for . the aid of unemployed musicians, actors, artists am! the like, and is in fact a revival of the Public Works of Art division of the FERA. The works relief allotment board recommended, for it an allotment of $27.31W17 and there was no doubt that the President would approve. The board made recommendations for a total of $200,271,693 m allocations Including that for the NCP. These Involved a wide range of projects. The principal item was one of $48,286,403 for the works progress division to carry on 1,240 projects, chiefly in western state*. Flood control projects to cost $2,039,700 were recommended for Georgia, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Louisiana. WITH some reluctance the senate began consideration of th* Walsh hill giving the President power to require minimum wage and maximum hour standards of all firm bidding for government contracts. That measure ba* been added to the administration’s “must" list. Th* Republicans were preparing to fight the bill as another government plan for regulation of private industry. They point out that it hit* about every industry in the country, sine* it not only applies to corporations selling to the government but extends also to state and local project* wholly or partly financed by federal funds. At committee hearings, the bin was vigorously opposed by army and navy official* and by the National Association of Manufacturers. The former pointed out the difficultle* of administrating the law. The latter asserted that the bill practically did away with competitive bidding.

P. J. Hurt,,

put through the house because of the great administration majority and also because the congressmen are tired out and eager to go home. Representative ‘Treadway, Republican, of Massachusetts, made a last effort against the measure with a resolution to send it back to committee, but this

SYRACUSE JOURNAL

NOT to be dismayed by the death of NR4, Senator J. C. O’Mahoney of Wyoming thinks the objectives of that contraption, high labor standards and fair competition, can be realized, and for that purpose he has drawn up a measure for the regulation of all national commerce by licensing business. The bill creates a licensing system for businesses engaged In commerce among the states and provides a national Incorporation law. The federal trade commission, the government’s business policeman in the days before NRA and the agency to which the New Deal turned after NRA codes were outlawed, would be the keystone of the new plan. O’Mahoney’B bill would increase its membership from five to nine, with three commissioners representing employees, three employers, and three the genera] public. NOTWITHSTANDING warnings by " Dr. Hjalmar Schacht and other sane Germans, some of the Nazi leaders insist on pushing to further ex-

tremes the war on Jews and Catholics. For instance, Paul Joseph Goebbels, minister of propaganda, in a speech at Essen announced drastic action against all “enemies" of the Nazi state —Jews, Catholics, the foreign press and the Stahlbeim war veterans. He predicted these important de-

Paul Goebb*!*

velopments: L Suppression of the Catholic press and Intensification of the Nazi campaign against all Catholic opponents of the third relch. 2. Nationwide dissolution of the Stahlbeim. 8. An official ban In near future on marriages between Jews and Aryans. Goebbels linked closely the foreign press and the Jews. “We have suffered the arrogance of the Jews with the patience of a sheep during the last two years,’’ he said. “That the foreign press take up the defense of the Jews proves merely Judah’* Internationalism." ENGLAND and France were still try- •““* Ing to find the way to avert war between Italy and Ethiopia, but Premier Mussolini of Italy was so skeptical that he ordered 75,000 more men to the colors. By the first of October he Will have about a million men In uniform. Halle Selassie, the Ethiopian emperor, was reported to have sanctioned the concentration of 60,000 of his troops on Italy’s east African frontiers. The chiefs, it is said, are finding it increasingly difficult to restrain their warriors from overt acts that would surely precipitate warfare. ANANDA; the eleven-year-old king of Siam, nearly lost his throne the other day. A widespread plot was formed under the leadership of noncommissioned officers of the regular army to overthrow the government. But loyalists uncovered it and effectually smasHbd IL The plotters intended to seize and kill their superior officers and oust the regency council that rules the country. OUDDEN death put an end to the-ca-reer of Nathan P. Bryan of Jacksonville, Fla., presiding judge of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals Fifth Judicial circuit Judge Bryan, who was sixty-three years old, was formerly United States senator from Florida. Frank H. Hitchcock, publisher of the Daily Citizen of Tucson, Ariz., succumbed to pneumonia after several months of 111 health. Prominent in Republican party politics all his mature life, Mr. Hitchcock managed Taft’s Presidential campaign in 190 S both before and after the convention and was postmaster general In the Taft cabinet For years be was ao ’ tively Interested In the progress of aviation. , TOE LOUIS, negro pugilist of De- ** troit who hopes some day to be the heavyweight champion of the world, advanced another step toward that goal by defeating “King" Levinsky in the first round of a scheduled ten round bout in Chicago. Levinsky was knocked down four times in little more than two minutes, and. the referee then gave the fight to Joe on a technical knockout. Louis and Max Baer, former champion, have signed for a battle in September. SAMUEL INSULL’S annual pension of $21,000 has been restored by vote of the directors of the Chicago utility companies which he formerly headed, and he also receives about $33,230 to cover payments accruing since the beginning of last year when payments were suspended by the companies. Insull previously announced he had made no effort to regain his pensions. Agitation to restore the payments was begun after" Insull had been freed In the federal and state courts of all criminal charges growing out of his management of his former properties. WAGE cuts decreed by the French government led to strikes and violent demonstrations. Especially rioton* were naval shipyards workers at Brest, steamship employees at various ports and bus and gas plant worker* la Paris. The sailing of several large liners was delayed. Finally the government issued new decrees lowering the cost of living, and the strikers were somewhat mollified. The Communists Wt blamed for the violence. XTEARLY $8,000,000—57,784,000, to " be exset—has been allotted from the works-relief funds by President Roosevelt for a census of American business. The census bureau asked and received this after it had been allotted $293,000 for a survey of retail trade. The business work is to begin at once, and the canvass will start on January 2. According to the official announcement. It will cover "all business activities with the exception of agriculture and manufacturing industries, and will furnish Information of Importance to the federal government, to business and to labor.” The headquarters win be to Philadelphia

Let Our Motto Be GOOD HEALTH BY DR. LLOYD ARNOLD Professor of Bacteriology and Preventive Medicine. University of Illinois, College of Medicine. KEEPING WELL BETWEEN 45 AND 65 This age group is usually not bothered much with contagious diseases,

if we except tuberculosis. In Illinois In 1930 there were 23,690 deaths in this age group from all causes. Os these more than half were caused by degenerative diseases, which is another term for diseases that result from the wearing out of some vital organ. Chronic kidney

diseases headed the list with 2.684 deaths; chronic heart disease came ‘ next with 2.425 deaths; accidents, ; third, with 2,332 deaths; cancer of the j digestive tract, fourth, with 1.919 deaths. Cerebral hemorrhage or apoplexy ranged fifth with 1,600 fatalities; endocarditis, or inflammation of the lining of the heart, came sixth with 1,131 deaths, and tuberculosis was seventh with 1,052 deaths. Old age, you see. is operating within this forty-five to sixty-five age group. ■ with diseases of the kidney and of the i heart and blood vessels causing most deaths. The kidneys can be thought of as two Argans, each about the size of a doubled-up fist, that are shaped like a kidney bean. In fact It Is because of this resemblance that the vegetable kidney bean gets Its name. These organs are specialized glands for the excretion of water and dissolved substances from the body. It is just as Important for the kidney to excrete water as it Is for it to excrete the dissolved salts, urea and other substances which are poisonous to the body when allowed to concentrate in the blood stream. The kidney represents the dam that allows the constant flow of the end products of metabolism from the body. The secreting units of the kidney are specialized small twists of capillaries that are like a small ball of yarn, and are located in the outer portion of the organ. There are several million of these small secretory units, whose job it is to secrete urine every minute of the time, day and night Nature is prodigal with the number of these secreting units, for there are many more than are needed for daily use. She has provided for a reserve supply in each kidney, so that In case of emergency, these can come to the rescue. Now during childhood or adolescence, a person may have had an infectious disease common to young people, such as measles, diphtheria or scarlet fever. Although apparently recovered, there may have been some damage to one or both of the kidneys, which was not sufficient, however, to cause acute kid- I ney disease, and the reserve secreting units were able to carry on the normal function of the kidneys. And for the next 20 or 30 years the individual was left happily in ignorance that the kidneys had been damaged, for -there were no extra demands placed upon them, and they seemed to be functioning as they should. Then when this Individual reaches an age pa'st forty, and the aging processes of the body begin to take place in him. he suddenly finds himself with a bankrupt excreting system, for his kidneys have no further reserve secret- j ing units to draw upon. Such an in-, dividual then has chronic nephritis. And finds is very difficult to rest the kidneys, since they. must secrete day and night, every minute, to prevent accumulations of waste products in the blood stream. This individual must place himself at once under the care of a physician. Vaccinations against diphtheria, scarlet fever, and measles were not available forty years ago, and so heart and kidney disease patients in the overforty age group can hardly blame anyone if the damage to their heart or • kidneys occurred from an infection due i to one of their childhood diseases. But J the child today can be spared this j danger. We have the vaccines now; i we know that these childhood diseases I need not be “inevitable” accompani- , ments of young years; we could stamp I them out if the community so willed. ' Certainly every older adult who is paying the penalty for childhood infections now with a heart or kidney ailment. should «*• to it that every child under his guardianship is protected against these avoidable childhood diseases. Science has not yet been able to vaccinate against the kidney or heart wearing out! The chances are it never wilt Th* way to keep these organ* functioning without impairment of reserve power is to keep infectious germ diseases out of the body. Then scar tissue will not be formed as the result of a secondary infection, or inflammation, on either of these organs. Scar tissue on a kidney impedes the functioning power of that kidney just as much as the loss of one of our hands would imped* the working ability of our arm. But the person with an impaired heart or kidney will add years to his life, If be will learn how to live with thia impaired heart or kidney. Be must let them now be the master of hl* activities. If he does that sensibly, he will often be able to live many years’without Invalidism in bed, except for short complete-rest periods. e Western Newspaper Union. Horae* Gro*l*y’a Nomination Horace Greeley was nominated sot the Presidency by two parties. In May, 1872, the Liberals, most of whom were antl-Grant Republicans, nominated him at Cincinnati, and In July, 1872, the Democrats met at Baltimore and also nominated him Galas At 40 miles an hour the wind becomes a “moderate gale." A "fresh" gale has a velocity of 45 miles or above; a “strong" gale 50, and a “whole" gale 80.

THURSDAY. AUGUST 15, 1935.

DIGEST / I I 'llckfitci faiti ip ictcd,— j I 1 ar WILLIAM BRUCKART NATIONAL PRESS BLDG.

Washington.—One of the oldest and perhaps the meet constant of all com-

plaints about the federal government at Washington has been the tendency

Too Much Red Tape

toward bureaucratic control. Bureaucratic control, simmered down, is red tape; it is attempted management of even personal affairs by a governmental agency and it is naturally and obviously repulsive to the average American. It was a condition thoroughly to ! be criticized in Mr. Hoover's administration when there were boards, bureaus, and commissions everywhere. It Is even worse now, I believe, with all of the New Deal’s alphabetic soup agencies scattered hither and yon in execution of various New Deal experiments and theories. All of this constitutes a prelude to what appears to me to be a most flagrant attempt by bureaucrats to man- , age private affairs. I refer to an or- ■ der issued the other day by the federal communications commission under which it has asserted a Jurisdiction which I cannot believe congress ever intended it should have. Further, the asserted jurisdiction which the commission is seeking to exercise goes far beyond anything which might be made the basis of complaint solely because it Is bureaucratic. It has reached Into the field of commercial enterprise In a manner which, without a doubt, will have the effect of covering invention and experiment In industry with a destructive frost, bite —if the commission is allowed to get away with it The facts involved are these: The American Telephone and Telegraph company, which is spending millions of dollars annually in scientific research to improve our system of communications such as the telephone, the telegraph, and the radio, lately has perfected what is technically known as the coaxial cable. This cable Is revolutionary. It holds the possibility of transmission of 240 telephonic conversations simultaneously over a single pair of wires. It Is not commercially complete In all of its phases. Like every organization of sound judgment, the A. T. & T. wants to iron out weaknesses and imperfections through a period of experimental operation. • • • • Here is where the federal communications commission enters the picture.

As a courtesy, purely, the A. T. & T. submitted its plan for experimentation

FCC Enters Picture

to the communications agency, saying as it did so that the commission did | notohave jurisdiction but that In the development of such a revolutionary Invention the corporation was advising the commission of its plans and suggested that if the commission thought it had jurisdiction it could issue an experimental license covering the work. In ail of this it is to be remembered that the communications commission has jurisdiction over rates, regulations, and practices of the wire, telephone and radio companies. It seems that some bright young men in the communications commission immediately conceived the idea of havj ing that group take jurisdiction when > legal authorities tell me there is nothing in the law giving them that authority. The story I get around the commission lobbies Is that the A. T. & T. would not have objected to having the commission exercise what it believed its right to be in granting a license for the experiment but when the order emerged from the secret chamber of the commission, it carried In it a provision which Said that the commission could withdraw its approval and nullify the permission granted on 10 days’ notice as It saw : fit I Suffice to say that this provision toj gether with several? other technical ; phases of the circumstances was [ enough to arouse the ire of the busi- | ness men concerned. They are not only disgusted. They are downright sore, i It is one of those things that poli- ; ticians, undertrained In science, at- ! tempt to do that cause practical people to lose faith In their government • • * If it were simply a fight between the A. T. & T. and the commission that is

Involved, the situation would hold no interest at all .for me as a Washington

Fight of Vital Interest

j writer. But. as I said above, it goes much further. I am told that some officials of the A.' T. & T. are so dissatisfied with the attitude of the commission in this instance that they are ready, even anxious, to withdraw their application and decline to proceed with this experiment which ultimately is going to mean enormous changes in telephonic and telegraphic contact between cities located great distances apart. The A. T. A T. engineers have been working on this problem some six or seven years. They proposed to build 100 miles of cable by connecting New York and Philadelphia. It had very little of the commercial In It They wanted to try out transmission of television Images for rebroadcast by radio. They wanted to perfect further the transmission of photographs by wire and they were desirous as well of determining whether they had discovered all of the potentialities of the new invention. All of the expenses—some six hundred thousand dollars—was to be paid from surplus funds of the corporation. It takes no stretch of the imagination to realize that if the A. T. A T. backed away from the program it has laid out and refused to spend more money in perfecting its invention and declined to attempt to put it into commercial use for the benefit of the country as a whole, the country, that is you and I, would suffer. We would be denied advantages developed by science

and made available virtually as a national benefit I do not know what the end wijl be, It is not at a stage wherein a forecast is possible. But the principle of the commission’s action, whether it be put forward under Democratic or Republican administration, remains exactly th* same. It should not be tolerated and if the communications commission per* sists in its efforts to expand its control, Its usefulness certainly is at an end. Hitherto, the communications commission has had a very satisfactory relationship with business. I hav* heard dozens of executives from communications corporations say they wer* willing to forgive and generally overlook ignorance piled up in the commission by political appointments in several spots. They wanted to cooperate but it is the opinion of more than just myself among Washington observers that this sort of thing does not contribute to good governmenL • • • Duck hunters will have only 30 days for shooting this fall in accordance

with the most rigid regulations in the f history of American game hunting.

Now, as to Duck Hunting

This is the result of a determination by the federal government under an act of congress to give migratory wild fowl an opportunity to Increase in numbers. In explaining the government's action which was made the subject of a proclamation by President RoosevelL J. N. (Ding) Darling, chief of the biological survey and an internationally known cartoonist, declared that unless the shooting of ducks and other wild fowl is restricted it is only a question of time until none of them remain. It is assumed that hunters will be t Interested first in the period during which they may shoot ducks, geese, brant, or jacksnipe. The season will open In northern states October 21 and will close November 19. In the southern states the season will run from November 20 to December 19. For the information of hunters there Is set out below the states Included in the northern area where hunting may be done between October 21 and November 19: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts. Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, Michigan. Indiana, Illinois. Wisconsin. Minnesota, lowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Washington, Oregon, and Nevada. The southern states listed and in which hunting may occur from November to December 19 follows: New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, "North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia. Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas; New Mexico, Arizona, and California. Regulations issued by the biological survey, according to Mr. Darling, are based on the necessity of having a net annual increase of migratory birds left over at the end of each shooting season until the present depleted population of waterfowl is restored to something like normaL This year’s rigid restrictions, he explained, follow a period of approximately thirty-five years during which the kill of wild fowl has exceeded the increase from breeding. ' • To give an Idea of how thoroughly the wild fchvl are to be protected, the new regulations prohibit shooting over what is known as baited water or land —that is. land or water on which feed has been scattered as an inducement for the birds to stop their flight. Another thing ruled out in this effort to protect the water fowl is the live decoy. This has always been the most effective method for luring wild fowl from the air. None will be allowed hereafter. The regulations restrict shooting to the hours between 7 a. m. and 4 p. m., a course taken in order to permit birds in flight an opportunity to feed without being subjected to pot shots. Automatic and repeating shot guns will be restricted to a limit of three shells for their chambers and no shot guns larger than a No. 10 gauge will be permitted. Mr. Darling who has gained a reputation as an enthusiast for game conservation, relinquished his work as a cartoonist in order to carry out his ideals. It has taken him some months to work out a program but he feels his efforts have been worth while. , O Wasters Newspaper Union. Science of "Pedology” While geological changes are responsible for the breaking up, transportation, and deposition of the parent materials from which soils are made, which constitute geological formations, the real processes by which these materials are transformed into soil* require enormous periods of time and are so slow and hidden that they cannot be observed. They must be arrived at by a study of their results, and from what is known of temperature effects and of chemical, physical, fluvial and other natural processes involved. The study of the results of these, and of all the other forces operating in the transformation of parent materials Into true soils, is usually referred to as the science of "Pedology.” "Longitude Harriaon” John Harrison (1693-1776), an English inventor, became celebrated as “Longitude Harrison." k When th9 British government offered prizes for the discovery of a method for determining the longitude at sea within 60, 40 and 30 geographical miles, he made four chronometers, now in the Greenwich royal observatory, each with a compensation curb to the balance wheeL All euallfied for the first prize