The Syracuse Journal, Volume 28, Number 10, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 4 July 1935 — Page 5

Lights of New York by L. L STEVENSON New York’s “slave markets*’ are In the Bronx. Every day colored women, old and young, line up at Westchester avenue and Southern boulevard and at Prospect avenue and East One Hundred and Sixty-first street, to sell themselves into temporary bondage at so muoh an hour. Ragged, down-at-the-heel, hungry, they await the appearance of possible purchasers of their services sometimes with chatter and laughter but more often with grim silence. There is no assurance of employment and the walk to and from HaHem is long, especially when the stomach is empty and the shoes so thin that feet all but touch the concrete. The “slave market"—those who line up and wait supplied that name—is the last hope. If an employer doesn’t come along, there will be more hunger and possibly eviction, since Harlem landlords do not care to wait for their rent. • • • Those who make purchases at the "slave market” are housewives of the vicinity. Shrewd in bargaining, desiring to make every penny count their offers are always low. Follows an auction of sorts But the one with work has all the advantage. Household tasks may await another day but hunger—and landlords—won’t. In the end. there is capitulation since need makes it seem better to take from 12% to 15 cents an hour for hard and heavy work that in good times brought 50 cents an hour, than it Is to walk back to Harlem penniless. Also the employment is only temporary and there Is always the hope—seldom realised but hard to kill—that there will be a change for the better. • • • I One of the biggest reasons -for the existence of the “slave markets" is the Tact that there are practically no Jobs for colored men. Jobs such as porters, waiters, washroom attendants, messengers. etc., that once were filled only by Colored men have been taken over by Whites since the depression. "Harlem mothers and wives, as well as single Women, have always worked. But present conditions have placed an addtional burden on them. So they line !up and wait at the “slave markets." - • • Speaking of colored people, there Iwas the little girt In the school out at [Long Island who told her teacher her name was “Fee-mal ee" Jones. Asked to spell the first name, she replied. “Female." It seems that when she’ was born, her parents were unable to decide on a name, so at the hospital the blank was filled In (Female) Jonea The parents taking that as official, from then on called her. “Fee-mal-ee." • • • Related the foregoing to a friend whereupon he recalled a somewhat similar Instance which concerns a woman quite well known among the Seven Million. Id connection with birth proceedings, she had to obtain a birth certificate. Trouble ensuing in looking it up. she explained that her parents had first decided to call her Olive. But because she was so falr-complexloned. they had changed the name to Lillian, after Lillian Russell, the “air, fairy" of that day. And search disclosed the fact that she was merely listed as “Female." • • • Dealing a bit more with names. It seems that bartenders, barbers, waiters, pullman car porters and others are generally called by any name that comes to the mind of the patron. A lot of places In New York have solved that problem by neat plaques which announce “George now working." or whatever the name of the man behind the stick may be. So when a patron addresses the barman as, “Mae." he merely points to the sign. • B.n sy«4ic*Mu—wxp SMVice. Plea Made for Snakes That Destroy Rodents Tojieka. Kan.—Non-polsonous snakes are a. boon to farmers and worth many dollars each for the work they do in killing rata weasels and other rodent pests, according to D. P. Beaudry, director of the Topeka Reptile Study club. 9 Beaudry, tn a plea that harmless snakes be .spared. said that when a snake is seen near the farm buildings it usually is trailing some rodent “If food is scarce a snake occasionally may kill a small chicken." Beaudry said, “but a rat or weasel will kill more small chickens in an hour than a snake will tn years. A snake more than earns an occasional chicken for the good work It does in killing pests" Houh Built ha 1793 Rased Winston-Salem. N. C-—A 142-year-old landmark has been torn down here. It was a nine room house built In 1783 by Romelus Tesh. Its timbers, all hand hewn, were reported “remarkably preserved." •

Red Tape Is Fatal to 14-Foot Python San Diego.—Red-tape, which annoys people, killed a 14-fbot python. With five other pythons the snake arrived from Singapore for the Pacific International exposition. The bills of lading were sent In error to Chicago and customs officials would not lot the snakes off the boat By the time the bills of lading arrived the 14-foot python was dead. The others were sluggish and thin, but will live.

Heywood Broun is quoted as stating in one of his syndicated articles: “I do not wish to seem a mystical radical yet it seems to me that the maples should burst into new growth along with Union Square.” Heywood’s comments always reminded us more of pussy willows than maples.

| HISTORY OF SYRACUSE - SETTLED IN 1835 I . , The following is taken from the history of Syracuse and Lake Wawasee, compiled by George W. Miles, and printed in the Syracuse Journal weekly, in 1909: I will begin this paper by acknowledging that I am indebted to Mr. Leonard Brown for most of the facts set down in it. Since the last issue of the Journal appeared I have received from him a letter in which he gives me some data that helps to fix approximately the date of the building of the dam and the first mill, information regarding which I desired. His letter is very interesting to me and would be to you, and J 1 am much tempted to print it all; but he has strongly inhibited me from doing that, saying ■ that he simply jots down facts as j notes for my use, not in shape for publication. Now, Mr. Brown, oftentimes when one does this he writes his very best. 1 shall obey your instructions in this instance, but please forgive me if I quote I freely from your letter. To begin with, 1 must correct somewhat, 1 guess? my story of the sinking of the mill. I was many times told this story, and 1 grew up believing that it sank in a night, but Mr. Brown tells me that he witnessed the sinking, that it sank either in 1840 or 1841, when he was a child three or four years old, and that he remembers seeing it go down. And here is the story of it as he tells it to me: “The dam had broken. 1 remember distinctly seeing the lines of men carrying brush to stop, if possible, the flow of water. I see, in memory the old mill sink and 1 have no doubt most of the logs and contents of the mill floated down the swollen stream. All the people of the village, men, women and children, had turned but to witness the flood of. waters; the men to help stop the leak that was beyond control. It was in the late spring or summer time. The millstones are yet a few feet down, and often, when a boy, I prodded down among the logs with a stick, and I could hit the stone, or stones. 1 believe they could easily be raised with a derrick. They ought to be brought up and placed on the public school grounds as a historical relic." And another small correction I must make that would not be necessary if 1 had examined my notes more closely as I ought to have done last week; Samuel Crosson t was spared the chagrin <9l seeing his property sacrificed at the sheriff's sale of which I told you by death, who is ever kindlier to us than we know, and who removed him from the field of his trials and worries in 1844. Mr. Brown, in his letter, says: “The last account in my father’s old day book"—by the way, 1 have not told you yet that he has in his possession his father’s old book in which he kept accounts of labor performed and services rendered for most of the first inhabitants of the town- the last charge in this old book against Samuel Cresson, he says, “was made in June, 1844. It was in July or August, 1844, Mr. Crosson died. I went along with ray father to Mr. Cory’s shop some miles northeast of Syracuse to procure the coffin for his burial. It was in the summer time." Yes in 1844, Leonard, he died, but your memory as to the time of the year is playing you a trick; not in the summer time, but in the spring time—in April—April 28, at the age of 49 years, 10 months and 16'days, as the inscription on his tombstone in the cemetery here will bear me witness. And the service your father performed for him in June of that year must really have been done for his estate. In the old part of the cemetery, near the west side and not far from the vault of the late A. C. Cory may be found the graves of the Crossons Samuel, the father the date of whose death 1 have told you, Nancy, his wife, who died September 20, 1860, at the age of 69 years, 6 months and 25 days, and Samuel their son, who died in 1861 at the age of twenty-four years. The atones that mark these graves are inexpensive marble slabs that will not last much longer. The citizens of Syracuse ought to create a fund sufficient to replace them with a monument of granite worthy of the founders of the town. But we are not through with that old account book . You remember that last week I asked for ipfonnation as to the date of the building of the dam and the first mill—the one that sank. Mr. Brown, referring to the aforesaid precious old book, tells me:_M find *To two days work in the mill pit, SI. 50*—this in August, 1836, charged ‘to Samuel Crosson, dr*. And in the same month ‘One day's work in mill pit. 75 eta? and in October of the same year ‘One day's work in mill pit, 75 cts.* Evidently, then, in ths fail of 1836 the old mill was building." And evidently, too, the dam was built before work on the mill was begun, and must have been Completed earlier in that same year; and it must have been begun promptly after Crosson and Ward purchased the land here from the United States Government, the date of which purchase was July 28,

1835 as I have told you. I told you too, last week, that Aaron Brown bought from Samuel Crosson lot number 17, in 1846 and that must be trpe, for it is a matter of record—June 4, 1846 is the exact date—though Samuel Crosson the elder had then been dead for more than two years, and Samuel Crosson junior was but nineteen years old. The purchase must have really been from the Crosson estate I guess. Let us stop here now and fix some dates. The land here was entered in July 1835. The dam must have been constructed in the fall of that year and the spring of 1836. The first mill was begun in the summer of 1836 and completed sometime between that year , and 1840 or early in 1841 when it sank out of sight in the quicksand. And now, having got these things straightened out, probably as good as we.shall be able to straighten them out we can proceed with our, story. Referring again to the old book!, “The first account with James DeFrees is dated June, 1846. So in 1846 the DeFreeses came into possession of the mill," so Mr. Brown sets down in his letter to me, and he continues: “The second mill was built by Mr. Crosson. Henry Ward may have been joined with him in it. A distillery was also built south of the mill, up the creek a little way and only a few rods from the saw mill.” (Wrong in your memory again, Leonard, for the saw mill was northwest of and down the creek from the flour mill.) “I don’t Know who built it. Another distillery was built in 1840. It stood on the Dank of the lake at the end of the street that my father’s house stood on—the one the M. E. church is built on. You see, streets in Syracuse were not called by their names in that day, so I cannot name the street.” (Pearl street it wttß.) “The De Freeses first opened a store in the old Kirkpatrick store’ building. George Kirkpatrick was in business in Syracuse in 1837 and 1838. I find Joseph Kirkpatrick charged" (in the old book) “in January 1838 an account and another in February of the same year.” A Kirkpatrick, by the way, was the wife of “Old Johnnie Baird” and the mother of Mrs. Joseph L. Henderson, still living, and of the late George K. (Kirkpatrick and not Kwicksilver, as he asserted) Baird, and James and Wallace and Thomas Baird, and Mrs. Alfred Kitson, late of Ligonier, all now deceased I believe. But more of Mr. Brown’s letter: “Tbe Kirkpatricks put up the best residence, building in Syracuse in hat early tune—a large frame house double, with a huge brick chimney that had ‘ fire places connected with it—two below and two above stairs—that opened into four large rooms—unused after the Kirkpatricks left except that Father DeFrees occupied in while he lived in Syracuse—the father of James, >»seph, John, Rollin E. and several daughters, of whom Jane died at the age of 16 years and Elizabeth married Richard F. Mann, who was a partner in the store wtih James DeFries.” (Not with James, but with Jseoph, let me correct you, Leonard.) “The old store building standing in 1905,” and it is standing yet and I saw John Wilkinson washing a buggy in it as I passed that way this day. The second building east of the Dunkard church it is, on Main street. Built by Mr. Kirkpatrick in 1837, occuppied by him and by Defreese & Mann and later by LeF'rees and Eisenhvur for more than thirty years, until the business of the town grew away from it; how easy would it be to write the history of this community during all that time could its old wails tell us the things they have heard! Mr. Brown has taken from the old book aforesaid, in which the first entry is “Samuel Crosson dr, to 300 clapboards, 31.121-2, Nov. 1835," the names of the very first settlers of the town, with the dates when tbe book gives record of their having lived here and I am going to set them down here as he. gives

Announcement RI EKE SAIL & BOAT M FG. CO. of Angola, Indiana will show and demonstrate their new International Sailing Dinghy on July 13th and 14th, at the Wawasee Slip. Anyone interested in sailing is cordially invited to come, see, and ride in this boat.

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

them; for, though I knew but two or three of them, the reading of the list was of much interest to me and I believe will be to you, and besides, some of you who are older than I am may tell me interesting stories of these first citizens which I may weave into my history, and for which I will be truly thankful, 1 assure you. Squire M. Cory, farmer, 1835 to I 1844. Moved to lowa about 1851. George Mann, tanner and farmer ; 1836—father of Richard F. and Albert Mann. Cornelius Wester, 1836-1837. , David Moler, shoemaker. May to December, 1837. George Kirkpatrick, 1837-1838. William Casady, June to December, 1837. John Murphy, farmer 1837-1838. Joseph Kirkpatrick, 1838. Daniel Bower, 1838. William Cowin, 1837-1838 Samuel Cowin, 1839-1848. Samuel Woods, farmer, 1839. Thomas C. Davis, 1840-1847. Jos. H. Woods, carpenter 1840-44. Henry Robertson, 1840-1841. Zebidee Wood, blacksmith, 1843-45. George Weaver, 1840-1842. ' Henry Ward, 1835-1846. (I think he died in 1846.—L. B.) John Gill, 1846. (Still lived in Syraj cuse in 1853. Harvey Venamon, farmer, 1842-46. | Daniel Blancher 1843-1844. (Kept 1 a grocery.) Andrew H. Woods, 1842-1849. Moses Ren if row, farmer, 1843-46. Lemuel Venamon, 1844. Peter Smith, blacksmith, 1845-48. William Grissinger, 1844. Curtis Bales 1845-1847. (And longer. I will tell you something about , him—but not now—G.W.M.) Dr. Hartshorn, January to Septemj ber 1839. Geo. A. Royce, 1839-1841. Peter Hayner, 1845-1848. Hugh Salhoun, blacksmith, 1845- | 1849. Henry Heckerthorn, blacksmith, . 1848. ; Cyrus Davis, 1847. James DeFrees. (Moved to Syra- • cuse in 1846. Hiram Wilcox, 1846-1847. A. Gardener, shoemaker 1847. Geo. W. Parks, physician, 1846I 1848. (Died in 1852.) A. Morgan Miller, 1848. Thomas Brown, shoemaker, 1848. James G. Ackerman, 1847-1849. Edward Des bro, 1844-1846. (Mrs. Desbro was a school teacher.) James Hall, 1848. i “And I knew personally though I was but a boy,” adds Mr. Brow-n, i “most—yes, very, very many—nearly all of those named above. I remember Samuel Crosson senior, and Henry Ward. I saw Mr. Ward go ; through his death agony.” Please tell me all about it, Leonard, when you write again, for I have no record of his death. “And I knew Mrs. Ward, his wife. She was a woman of great intelligence. She had mulberry trees (the white mulberry) growing around her home in Syracuse and cultivated silk worms and made silk-thread at least.” I have recorded that Mr. Crosson probably in partnership with Mr., Ward built a second mill here. I should add that it was located at the end of the mill race, where stood the mill of the late B F. Crow that was destroyed by fire not so many years ago, and that Mr. Croeson first dug this race, though Mr.

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DeFrees afterward enlarged it to its present size, and built still another mill at the end of it—the same one that was burned. But the story of it belongs to a later period. I remember of hearing my mother, when I was a small boy, talk of James Winegar, who was in some way connected with the woolen mills at “Wyland’s Mills,” later and now called Baintertown, whereat used to be carded the wool out of which she spun yarn to knit into stockings for her brood. He was familiarly called “Old Jim Winegar” then. He is still living Mr. Brown tells me, and —but I will let him tell it to you as he did to me. “One old timer lives today in Des Moines —Father Winegar, son-in-law of Mr. Wyland who built Wyland’s mill. The old man is 90 years of age or more—9s 1 believe he told me. I called to see him yesterday, but he is too feeble to give much information, having lately been paralyzed. He first came to Elkhart as early as 1843-. He was ever an inteligent man. He has his home with his daughter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Byers. Mr. Byers is attorney general of lowa. “A friend said to me about a year ago that an old gentleman who lived near the capitol wanted to see me. I called on him. He said, “Are you Leonard Brown? In 1848 I was at Mr. McGaw’s tavern near Waterford and I heard Mr. McGaw call 'Leonard Brown!’ I never forgot the name and incident. I have seen your name in the papers and wondered whether you were the boy I met in 1848 at McGaw’s. ‘Yes’ I said, ‘I am he’, Mr. Winegar’s mind was then clear. He knew my father well, and all the men there of that generation. We had a talk most interesting to me.” No doubt of it. For the memories of our childhood and youthtime are the ones we most cling to and refuse to forget, and as they depart in the distance behind us though they art of trival things, all the while thej become dearer and more valuable. And that is my excuse for writing this history in detail as I ant doing. And it is also the reason why you will be interested in it as though

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every incident therein recorded were of the gravest importance, if you happen to be an old timer yourself, though they were really no more important when they occurred than many things of the present day the Journal records for you and you think of lightly. You will find though that a Journal of this time will have immensely increased in interest and value for you in twenty years from now if you shall have kept one that long, and that it will have become of still many times greater interest to you when its age shall have become twice as great. But enough of this at present lest I tire you now. Geo. W. Miles. —d — . A man 105 years old has been found in Cleveland who has never been for an automobile* ride, never spoken over a telephone or listened to a radio. Gradually the secrets of longevity are being revealed.

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WEDNESDAY, JULY 3, 1935

In the old days they used to put a picture of somebody like Lillian Russell or Anna Held in each pack of cigarettes to give the boys a thrilL Now they would have to put in a picture of Clark Gable or Herbert Marshall to give grandma a thrill.

Winter’s Sandwich Shop « _____ In addition to those who come by auto, boating parties can come • to our 126 ft. pier. LICENSED RETAIL BEER DEALER. Phone 8239 So. Side Wawasee