The Syracuse Journal, Volume 26, Number 52, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 19 April 1934 — Page 1

jnisflM: by Arthur Brisbane REVOLUTION IN AUSTRIA WHY PAINT TOENAILS? SLOW WALTZ, LESS FIGHTING WATCHING THE HEN LAY

Vienna and what is left of Austria are threatened with a revolution. Signs placed secretly on mail boxes read: “Workers and coinrads, remain dfiited and be careful. The day of re'venge is coming.” Signed “A Fighter. ” With that comes news that the Vienna-Paris* London expiess train was wrecked Austria by the removal of a steel rail, causing the death of a fireman and one other and injuring many. The result of such tactics, keeping traveleis and money but of Austria, may be to bring revolution more rapidly. In New Orleans the convention of 'American Cosmeticians,” maufacturera and distributors of things that ladies put on their faces, announce more in the way of transformation than has been seen thus far hair of maiiy colors, easily flue “precious stone” effects on the finger nails. Many things can Ue forgiven, but hope and pray that ladies and cosmeticians can be persuaded to give up painting the toenails. It is a terrible thing when a young woman crosses her legs to see, peeping out of new-fangled sandals, a big toe w ith a nail made to look like a cabochon ruby. Knowledge of mob psychology is shown in the statement of a night club manager. “W hen a fight breaks out in the dub the orchestra has orders to stop jazz and everything exciting and play a slow, dteaniy waKx. That quiets them." According to information obtained by Mr. "Whirligig,” a quiet waltz keeps those not interested in the fight from joining it. . An intelligent Frenchman, Gustave Le Bon, has written a book called La Foule ( ‘The Crowd”), that confirms the night club manager's theory. Crowds do not reason; logical arguments have no effect on them. But music docs affect them, and so does loud yelling. A distinguished American, living in Spain, told how wonderfully fresh the eggs were. The fanner’s wife would watch the hen sitting on the nest, taking the egg as soon as. it was laid, and give it to the j\mer~ $ ican for breakfast. Similarly, a the earnest, conscientious American tax collectors watch the country's business men sitting on the industrial nest and take away the dollar as soon as it is made. The veterans' administration in Washington laid down the interesting rule that blind veterans of the World war should receive almost twice as pmch as a soldier who lost a leg in battle. The legless veteran gets sll9 a month as a maximum. If he has lost the use of both feet, or both hands or one foot and one hand and one eye, he can get a maximum of $175 a month. A veteran totally blind is entitled to $l5O a month, plus SSO j for a nurse or attendant, “even ! though the blindness resulted from wilful misconduct." Except insanity, no misfortune is greater than loss of eyesight. A If you feel gloomy and perhaps begin to feel that “the world is going to the dogs,” remember that ,the Gracchi believed it in Rome long ago. Adam and Eve believed it when they were put out of the garden. The world has always been “going to the dogs,” yet always getting better. May first, according to the President's proclamation, will be “Child Health day." The best way to promote child health is to encourage abundant distribution of the right kinds of food for children, particularly good, fresh milk, butter, eggs fresh vegetables, fruits, at reasonable prices. To pay farmers to cut down production of such things, and force up prices, may be good for prosperity, bat it will not be good for the health of children. In the Stroud (Okla.) prison young Mr. Raymond Boles, if that is his right name, knows that young, shrinking, timid American girls are sometimes dangerous. He walked into the Rudell home, pistol in hand, told Mildred, sixteen, and her sister, Lillian, seventeen, that he was none other than the famous bandit, “Pretty Boy” Floyd, demanded the key to their absent father's automobile. Lillian took away his pistol, Mildred held him by the hair. Since Uncle Sam went off the gold basis and began buying gold at any price he had to pay, he baa brought across the water about $700,000,000 worth of new gold, an increase in * our gold reserve greater than the total gold ownership of any other nation on earth, except France, *This makes feel dubious gtggsja'ta fat back "no".

The Syracuse Journal - Northern Indiana*. Best And Newsiest Weekly Newspaper

VOLUME XXVI

FRIDAY, 13TH REMEMBERED IN WARSAW Dillinger Early Caller; Afternoon Shooting j of Long Follows. Friday, the 13th doesn’t mean anything in Warsaw. Or to officers. About 1 a. mV, the night officer, jJudd Pittenger was forced by two i men armed with machine guns, to jgo to-the city hall, and let them obtain three bullet proof vests there. ; He identified these men as John Dillinger and Homer Van Meter, both j regarded as public enemies. Later that same 13th, in the as- ! ternoon when Sheriff Harley D. Per- j son. Deputy Joe Rovenstine accompanied by deputies and state police | officers from Elkhart county, went j to the home of Frank Long, near Atwood, to serve a non-support I warrant on him, for failing to sup- j port his wife and family who live in ] Elkhart county. Long commenced j shooting when the officers drove up, ] and the gun battle continued until Long was finally downed, wounded i 3 times. As has been printed and broadcast many times, the first occurrence ended with a surprise for Dillinger and Van Meter, as when the men ! were reaching into the case to get ! the officers’ bullet proof vests, Pit- 1 lenger escaped by running down the staiis and to a telephone to give the , alarm. The much advertised desparado Dillinger and companion fled, j Uflicers and Vigilantes turned out to try to stop their escape but met with failure. When the deputies from Elkhart county came to Sheriff Person in the afternoon, to get him to go along to serve the warrant on. Long at Atwood, Person told him the fellowhad made threats to kill any officer j on sight. He was receiving a large j pension, having been in the hospital for the insane after the war. When the first car containing the sheriff-, Rovenstine and state officers drove up. Long started for his car, to flee, and opened fire. The burllet passed through the open window of the officers* -car, anti it has been said if Sheriff Person wore a mustache that bullet would have shaved it off. Person jumped from the car and fired at Long’s departing machine, while Rovenstine turned the officers car around. They gave chase and after wounding Long 13 times, arrested him and took him to the McDonald hospital in Warsaw. One of the wounds tore through his upper jaw and tore away his pallet, another struck him in the head two went through his chest. Except for the bullet proof glass of the car when they followed the fleeing machine, both Rovenstine and State Policeman Keller would have been killed by the bullets from Long’s 38. Two automobile loads of officers had gone to Long’s place. In addition to Sheriff Person and Rovenstine, ' Ralph Logan, Harley Firestone and Frank Grugner of Elkhart county went; as did Art Keller of Plymouth, Ralph Liggett of Warsaw; Paul Beaverford, Fort Wayne, and Francis Lemler, Bourbon, deputies and state highway police officers. ficers. Long was reported as able to sit up in bed, Monday, despite the wounds. STATE OFFICIAL IS PLEASED BY PONDS p 0 -- Wawasee Conservation Club’s Fist Rearing Pond is Approved by Supt. of State Fish Hatcheries. “One of the finest layouts that 1 have seen” was the remark of A. E. Andrews, superintendent of the State Fish Hatcheries, when he inspected the Wawasee Conservation Club’a fish rearing pond on the Andy Armbruster farm, Sunday. He reedily approved the ponds end said that he would send e contract to the club for rearing fish for the state as soon as he returned to Indianapolis. Monday, Heinie Moesch, in charge of the Wewasee Fish hatchery, said that as soon as possible he would furnish 30 pair of parent bass, to be placed in the rearing pond. The young fish raised in the ponds will be sold to the state conservation department. (Hub members have hopes that the maximum amount of SSOO which the state will allow to any one club forjhe sale of bass, will be Harold’ Kitson tato be in charge ■**# iioaTinii _-_4- tfrafn ■uiiimai ***• * W *

NEWLY MARRIED COUPLE INJURED Mr. and Mrs. Dave Caswell’s Car Wrecked on Honeymoon Trip to Wawasee Cottage. Just married and on way from Huntington to the Caswell summer home, Saturday, Mr. and Mrs. Dave Caswell were in an automobile ' accident on Road 5. Their car collided with a telephone pole. Both were bruised and shaken but Mr. Caswell suffered serious cuts on his face, and his left ear | was almost cut off. They returned at once to Huntington th-t evening, after receiving medic.*l treatment here, where, it is Said Mr. Caswell probably entered j a hospital for proper care and atten- , tion to his injuries. MRS. STOELTING IS COUNTY PRESIDENT . Local Woman Elected at Meeting of Federation of Clubs Held in Etna Green, Friday. Mrs. O. C. Stoelting of Syracuse was elected president of the Kosci--1 usko County Federation of Clubs at the sixteenth annual convention held Saturday at the United Brethj ren church in Etna Green. Other officers elected for the ensuing year were: Mrs. P. M. Bridenthrall, of Leesburg, first vice-president; Mrs. T. J. Hamlin, of Etna Green, second vice president, and Mrs. Earl Cochi ran, Winona Lake, secretary and treasurer. * Mrs. B. H. Sununey, Pierceton, | coun.y president, opened the conven tion by leading in the club Litany. Mrs. L. A. Melick, to the Monday Reading club of Etna Green, gave j the welcome address, which was responded to by Mrs. Lloyd Eherenman, of Milford. The roll call was answered by the club presidents who in turn introi duced their delegates. Fourteen club I women from Syracuse attended the | meeting. These were: Mesdames Armstrong, A. L. Miller, Sol Miller Osborn, Darr, Stoelting, Thornburg Harley, Mary Hoy, Fannie Hoy, Sprague, Cdtwell, Macy and Hollett. The reports of the officers showed j the county federation to be in good financial condition and maintaining a very high • standard for all club activities. Reports from all department chairmen were given, Mrs. O. C. Stoelting, Syracuse, first vice-pres, presiding. Some very outstanding work in the departments were reported, especially in the co-operation for the Blind and Conservation departments. A duet, “Crossing the Bar” was a lovely musical number furnished by the Etna Green club previous to the election of officers. A brief but very impressive memorial service was conducted by Mrs. E. A. Williams, assisted by Miss Eba Elder* soloist, and Miss Iva Lozier. accompanist, all of Warsaw. Mrs. Steele, of Knox, Ind., one of the state trustees, gave a short, informative talk on “‘How the State Federation Finances are Handled.” Mr*. Iva Klingle, of Warsaw, was unanimously endorsed by the Kosciusko County Federation for the office of district treasurer. The second district officers ■ and department chairman who. were present, responded to their introductions with greetings and words of praise for the convention. Luncheon was served in the church basement at 12 o’clock. The afternoon session was opened by repeating the Club Collect. The chief feature of the convention was the lecture on Mental Hygiene delivered by Dr. L. Potter Harshman, who is connected with the State School for Feeble Minded at Fort Wayne. Dr. Harshman stressed the fact that mental hygiene cannot be defined; that it is something huge, that involves every walk of life, and that it was s subject which should be followed with interest and persistence by wide-awake club women. Following the lecture a playlet, “Befriending Mary,” was presented by the Child Welfare chairman, Mrs Condict Smith, of Warsaw. Two numbers, “Bells of St. Marys,” and “Drink to Me Only With Thine Eyes," were sung by the county chorus, directed by Mrs. Hamlin. In accepting the resolutions presented by Mrs. Grace Richhart, chairman of the Resolutions committee, the Federation voted to support the Student Losn Drive and firmly to stand for higher standards of education throughout the county. Following the report of the Credential by Mrs. Thelma sive manner presented the gavel to

SYRACUSE, INDIANA, THURSDAY APRIL IS, 1934.

j |ON LAKE WAWASEE^ I I—— i J Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Wilbur of Michigan City spent the week end at their summer home on Kale Island, j While here they bought from RosI coe Howard the lot adjoining their | property. I Mrs. D. H. Brunjes has returned to the lake for the summer, having ; spent the winter at the home of her son in North Manchester. 1 Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Krell and family of Fort W ayne have rented ’ the a. U. Hooper cottage from May ist, tor the season. Mr. and Mrs. Kline of Anderson, who have spent several summers on Lake Wawasee, were lake visitors, Sunday, looking for a cottage for this summer. Mrs. Catharine Schaaf has moved to her lake home lrom Whiting, for the summer. On Sunday, F. R. Schaaf’s birthday was celebrated , with a family pauy at the cottage. Bob Elliott of Mishawaka spent the week end with his parents, Mr. and Airs. J. H. Elliott. Mr. and Mrs. R. M. Pentreath | came to their lake home, Saturday, ! from Clinton, to spend this week ! fishing. Mr. and Mrs. R. V. Maurer of South Bend spent the week end at their cottage. Mr. and Mrs. McMahon of Anderson entertained friends at their cottage last week end. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Naylor returned home, Saturday, having visited relatives in Indiana and Illinois since Christmas. Mr. and Mrs. S. U. Hooper and daughter Louise brought them to the lake from Holland, Mich. Mrs. Hooper remained to spend this week with them, Mr. Hooper and Louise returning home, Sunday. Ross Franklin and his father went to Chicago, Monday, to visit Mr. Franklin’s granddaughter, until today. A. W. Emerson accompanied them there, to visit his mother. Mr. and Mrs. Harry Fishack and Mrs. Grace Olds of Fort Wayne were guests at the E. L. Martin home, Sunday. Robert Bruce es Indianapolis entertained a. party of friends at the Bruce cottage over the week end. Mrs. Queen Abell of Garrett is spending this week at her cottage, getting it cleaned and opened for the season. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Miller of Anderson and Mr. and Mrs. Charles Cripe of Goshen were among the lake visitors, last week end. O Mr. aila Mrs. Dwight Mock and family and Dr. Hellenburg and wife of Mishawaka went to Peru, Sunday where they saw the outdoor exhibit of the Hagenbach-Wallace circus made each year before the circus starts on the road. Mr. and Mrs. G. G. Schmidt and Mrs. Schmidt’s sister from Indianapolis spent the week end at the lake. Mr. and Mrs. R. B. Tuttle of Indianapolis are spending this week at their cottage. A card from Charles Brian, who spent the winter in Daytona Beach, (Centinifc*! on Last Page) CLASS PARTY HELD AT SARGENT HOTEL Juniors Have “The Last Round Up" For Graduating Class of 1934. The Junior-Senior banquet was held at Sargent’s hotel, Saturday evening. Tables for the dinner party were decorated with tiny wigwams, figures of Indians, bonfires made by burning incense. Flowers, instead of being used on the tables formed the favors, rosebuds being used to form rings for the girls and each young man of the party received a rosebud for his buttonhole. The idea of “The Last Round Up” was carried out, with cowboy hats in the class colors being turned up to form nut cups. The speech of welcome was by Bob Searfoss, president of the Junior class. The reply was msde by Kingsley Pfingst, president of the Senior class. Then Min Hamm an spoke on “The First Branding” and alluded to the Seniors as little calves, branded with S. H. S. bar M. W. C., Gants spoke about “Bucking Bronchos.” Loys Juady gave the class prophecy, called the Big Rodeo. Min Gwendolyn Stucky awarded trophies, that is, read the class will. The final talk was given by Mr. Slabaugh, and it was called Following the dinner, cards and (Uncmg w«r« .ojojred.

GAME WARDENS GET PIRATES’ GILL NETS Watch Pirates Put Out Net Then Give Chase; Fail to Catch Men But Took Net. A surprise attack was made on fish pirates, Monday night, by game wardens who visited Johnson’s bay, part of Lake Wawasee. Noah Eaton and four other game.' wardens seized' a 100 yard gill net., chased two badly frightened pirates off the bay and ran them into the marsh, but could not catch them J Eaton claimed if the officers could i have found the bo . which was supposed to have been left for them, the two pirates would have been caught. But, strangely, the boat had disappeared. All that Eaton could find Th the way of water transportation was an old tub which proved to be contrary and slow moving. The wardens saw the two pirates come on the bay, place their net, and then the officers gave chase. Even in the old tub which they had commandeered, they came close enough to throw a light on the two men who were rowing desperately. They didn’t recognize the men, but said they would do so if they ever saw these two again. They took the net to Warsaw with thetp. One of the game wardens was stationed in the marsh to head off the ! pirates when they came ashore, ! but the pirates easily eluded him by | landing away from him. _ | For some time game wardens have ! known that fish pirates have been | operating in Johnson’s bay. They j have also known that fish netted ; from Wawasee have been sold in Ft. j Wayne. TO GRADE STREETS FOR “BLACK TOP’ i . 1 | Discussion of Daylight Saving Time | for Syracuse Also Occupied Town Board at Meeting. j j Work on grading and preparing | Lake, Front aqd Boston streets for j a coat of black top will coramnece I soon.. The town board at the meetj ing Tuesday evening agreed to confer with McClintic, Colwell and j Gordy as to the method of getting \ the streets ready for black topping, j The board has learned that the ; town will have to do all of the pre- , liminary work of grading, etc., for j the county highway department has ! so much work to do that it will be able only to put on the coat of Tarvia. How soon the work can be finished will depend on when the town’s allotment of gasoline tax is paid to the town, and when the bank is reopened. Beside black topping streets, marking of Main and Huntington streets for parking cars, and whether or not Syracuse would go on daylight savings time was discussed. These were rather controversial subjects. The board decided to “keep hands off” in the marking of that portion Main and Huntington which are a part of state road 13. Some of the merchants on Main street have complained to the board about paralletl parking on Main Street. As the State maintains state road 13 the town board decided the state highway commission could do the marking. The board members say they have nothing to do with the road. From the tone of the discussion at the meeting Tuesday evening, Syracuse may go on daylight saving time this summer. The majority of the members feel that since most of the surrounding towns last summer had daylight saving tune, Syracuse ought to have it this summer, also. Nothing definite was decided at Tuesday’s meeting but the subject will likely come up sgatn. So far the town has received $586 in gasoline tax. On April Ist it received an allotment of $366. According to books of the town treasurer, there is $2,100 for use on the streets, all of which is not available immediately, for the major portion of it has been restricted by the bank. DIES AT HOME Albert W. Scott, 75, farmer living near North Webster, died Tuesday afternoon at his home, death being caused by a blood clot on his brain. He is survived by two sons, Lawrence of Elkhart; Ray of North Webster; three daughters, Mrs. Georg Wehite, North Webster; Mrs. Jesse Owen, and Mrs. Schroeder, Elkhart; one brother, Lincoln N. Scott, of Wilmot; two half-broth-ers, Ed and Jake Stamats; three half-sisters, Mrs. Lillie Light, Mrs. Van Cripe, Elkhart; Mrs. Frank Ritter, Milford. Funeral services are being held this afternoon in North Webster. . .

I DO YOU I REMEMBER—--2S Years Ago. When David Stiffler was appointed assessor in Turkey Creek Township to succeed Dennis Kelley, who had. resigned? • • * Ten Years Ago When A. A. Pfingst, who planned to build a bungalow on the North side of Syracuse sold his ’property at the corner of Boston and Main streets to Joel Wilt? * * * 5 Years Ago. When the address at the Baccalaureate service was delivered by Rev. A. H. Arbaugh. BACCALAUREATE IS HELDAT SCHOOL Rev. Armstrong Preaches at Service Preceding Graduation of Class of 193% Taking as his text “As A Wise Master Builder I Have Laid the Foundation,” Rev. A. J. Armstrong in addressing the graduating class of tjhe Syracuse High School, St the Baccalaureate services, Sunday even ing* described the characteristics whiich would be built into that foundation by a Master Builder. He stated that building a proper foundation should have commenced long before people reached the age of the graduating class, but that it is never too late to burn some qualij ties and to rebuild. | Rev. Armstrong said that the first ; essential for the foundation was a ‘ sterling character, which would be j made up of honesty and faith. That j the second essential was that one be j sofcial minded, and that “the third essential was Godliness. ! Speaking of honesty, Rev. Armstrong said that it is necessary today as never beore, for one to be j true to his convictions. That there is, too' much spirit today of “I fear j neither God, man or the devil and | trust no one. ” | “Only our faith in -God stands be- , tween us and communism so far as ; the United States is concerned,” he | stated emphatically. “It is no accomplishment to be a cynic or Icono- | clast,” he stated. “When one eon- ; demns the institutions, such as our | churches, our schools, our hospitals, i our government, he seals his desjtiny.” | “One must be either for Communism and what it stands foj*, or Christianity,” Rev Armstrong said. ‘'There is no middle course. In taking up the quality of being social minded, Rev Armstrong said that countries which are building armies, airplanes, artillery, as some nations of the world today seem intent on doing instead of paying their past war debts, they are building a false foundation. [ Discussing the quality of Godliness Rev. Armstrong stated: “The man jor woman who thinks thst he can go through life without God is a fool.” He said: “The challenge to you today is not what you are going to do tomorrow in your work, but whether or not Christ measures large in your life.” Churches Growing. Giving statistics since the start of the depression in 1929, Rev. Armstrong said that incomes of men had deflated 54 per cent; expenditures for luxuries, 61 per cent; for recreation, 73 per cent; but that giving to churches had declined only 40 per cent, _ He listed the numerous banks which had failed, business which had failed, bonds defaulted, and then said: “But only one church in 2,344 has gone into bankruptcy. The church is not dead!” Lodges have lost 40 per cent of their members in the past four years Rev. Armstrong said, but in that time churches have added one and one quarter million members. In the last week in Syracuse 50 members have been added to three churches here that he knew of, he said. Closing his address to the class of 1934 he said: "God Grant that you are building a foundation whose maker and builder is God.” The service had opened with a song by the High School chorus: “Search Me, O God”. This was followed by prayer by Rev. Shroyer. The chorus then sang: “Ah! Sweet Mysteiry of life." The reading of the scripture was by Rev. Pritchard, and the chorus sang “The Silent Sea” before Rev. Armstrong’s address. Following this the chorus sang “Class of 1934.” The Benediction was by Rev. Reidenbach. ‘ o JUDGMENT IS ASKED In a suit td reform a mortgage and a mortgage foreclosure filed in circuit court by Dora Peffiey against Harvey L. Bird, a judgment of SI,BOO is asked as well as an order of sale. The property is located in Turkey Creek township.

MORE BANK STOCK MUST Besought Unless Progress Shown State Can Close Bank at Once. Officials so the State Bank of Syracuse and Charles Purdum, chair man of the depositors’ committee, believe that all of the preliminary work of reopening the bank can be accomplished by next week. Purdum was more emphatic in his statement for he said, “The stock must be sold i and the waivers signed by next week, and it can be done." Depositors agreements to some large deposits have been recieved during the last week, but according to Purdum, not a sufficient amount of deposits have been waivered to reopen the bank. He feels confident that more agreements can be secured. “More must be secured of the bank will not open,” is the way he expressed himself on the situation. Purdum also again remarked about the cooperation' and the aid that he and his committee have received in this work to reopen the bank. From bank officials it was learned yesterday, that only 33 shares of stock of the State Bank of Syracuse out of the remain to be sold, and that several thousands in deposits remain for which depositors agreements have not been signed. Must Be Open by 15th. .The local bank and all other “B” banks within the state were given until May 15 to open in order to procure a federal deposit insurance, in instructions issued by Herman Wells, state banking commission. '\j The extension was granted after a conference with FIDS officials, he said. ‘ Wells also stated to newspapers that a total of 48 Indiana banks have not yet received these deposit insurance contracts. Officials of the State Bank of Syracuse, in making known that the time limit had been extended until May 15, stated that they wished to draw attention to the fact that if consistent progress is not made by the bank in securing depositors* agreements and selling stock, that the state banking department can close the bank for liquidation at any time before May 15. HUGE SETOF ANTLERS TAKEN FROM LAKE Felts Finds Mammoth Set While Searching for Moss in Bartley Lake Monday. While gathering moss from Bartley L&ket, near Albion, Monday, Lloyd Felts ]• found a huge set of antlers, which must have been submerged in the water for years. The antlers, belonging to some species of the deer family have a spread of 48 inches at the widest part; and at the extreme terminal points, * spread of 39 inches. The distance when measured around the ‘ antlers from one terminal point to the other is nine feet, four inches. The antlers are in almost perfect condition and are almost perfectly formed, with seven points on one side and six points on the other. The antlers can be seen at Felts’ > grocery on road 13 on the extrema southern edge of town. The deer that carried those magnificient antlers on its head must have been a lordly animal. Several fine sets of antlers have been found in the lakes of this vicinity but people who have seen this set say that it is the largest they have ever seen. —o NO MORE ADS IN POSTOFFICE A postoffice inspector visited the Syracuse postoffice, Tuesday, and did he state some rules? t The box for news items for the Journal, which has been on one of the walls in the building for several years, must be removed, he told postmaster Louis Heerman, as no matter except governmental, may be placed upon the walls of the post office. And furthermore: No ads are permitted to be displayed in the post office. This includes church bake sales as well as everything else. If any ads are put in the window of the office, or elsewhere in the postoffice Mr. Heerman has been instructed to remove and destroy them. So. q BROODER HOUSE BURNS The oil burner was blamed for causing the fire which destroyed the brooder house and 300 young chicks, at Lee Cory’s place, Monday night. "jf ■ ' ’*' ■' ' *'; ■ .

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