The Syracuse Journal, Volume 24, Number 19, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 3 September 1931 — Page 7

News Review of Current Events the World Over National Government Under MacDonald Supplants British \ Laborite Cabinet —Gifford Organizes Campaign for Relief in America. By EDWARD W. PICKARD

Great britaln’s economic and financial crisis has resulted In the formation of a national or coalition ministry which is expected to hold office for only a few months and in that time to work out the grave problem of balancing the budget. Prime Minister MacDonald found himself caught between

■ Stanley Baldwin

ttie two tires of the demand by the Conservatives. and Liberals (or reduction of the dole and the absolute refusal of the trades union congress to accept that expedient for the financial I relief of the country. Eight members of his cabinet of resigned, no Mr. MacDonald gave up the struggle and hurried to Buckingham palace where he handed to King George the resignation of the entire ministry. The king, who had rushed back frojn Scotland, called Stanley Baldwin, the Conservative lender, and Sir Herbert Samuel, acting leader of the Liberals. into conference and it was <h*c|de.| that a national government should be formed. At the suggestion of Mr. Baldwin, Mr, Mm Donald was persuaded to reBtime hi' place as prime minister, arid n cabinet, small as In war time, was selected. tl|ese, being the members: Laborites’-Mr. MacDonald. Philip Snowden, & H. Thomas, and Lord Sankoj - ' Conservatives — Stanley Baldwin. Neville Chamberlain. Sir Samuel Hoare. former chancellor of the exchequer. and Sir Philip Cunliffe Ll&ter. Liberals -Sir Herbert Samuel and the marquis of Reading. Eight other ministers without cabinet rank were appointed." Mr. Baldwin, in a statement explaining the adherence of the Conservatives, said: "We are face to face with a grave national crisis, which. If It were not taken In hand with courage and firmness. would be fraught with serious consequences to every man. woman, and child throughout the country. •■The-only means by which the national emergency can be met,ls close cooperation between all the parties. For this purpose Conservatives have considered for a limited period of time, to enter a national g o eminent which will be funned for the express purpose of carrying out such measures as arei required to balance the budget and Restore confidence in our uat;»nal credit and there is no question of any (permanent coalition. •The national government has been allotted a definite task, and on its completion tt is understood that, juiriiament be (dissolved as soon as circumstances (permit and that each of th.- partfea.be left-free to pia.-e ita own policy before the electors for approval. By this means no party will be called upon to sacrifice any principle in which It believes." In a radijo address Mr. MacDonald defended the proposed reduction of the dole. J Mr. MacDonald is denounced In Borne I.alx>V circles as a traitor, ami elsewhere is being hailed as iilnio'j. a hero. He seemingly has sacrificed hi* personal ambition nnd perhaps his political future to help his country out of Its financial distress. The London Dally Herald, chief organ of the Labor party, charges that the full of the Labor government was dictated by the United States Federal Reserve bank. A condition to the granting of further credits. It says, was a drastic reduction In the dole. Tl’i' WM flatly denied by Snowden aid others. .High officials in Washington said they had not heard that an did: dltlonal loan had been asked of the federal reserve system by tha British government. It was their belief that the coalition ministry would be able to rescue the nation from Its difficulties.

'tITITH heatlquar- * V ier» in the great building of the Department of Commerce in Washington. Walter S. Gifford, head of the American Telegraph and Telephone company and now director of national relief, is rapidly getting -eady his organisation for the atrenuoua

work if combating unemployment and distress throughout the country- Gis able assistant Is Fred C-Croxton, acting chairman of the emergency committee on unemployment which has been busy since last fall gathering information. And the 52 members of the advisory committee named by President Hoover, representing ail sections of the land, are rendering such service as they can. Then, too, there are many capable volunteers, and also hired experts to handle technical matters in connection with the great campaign for funds that Is planned. Mr. Gifford spent the week end with Mr. Hoover at the Rapldan camp and they discussed the problem thoroughly in all its phases. The President received telegrams from Governors Emmerson of Illinois, Rolph of California. Tudor of Maine and Winant of New Rampshire and from other Individuals assuring of their co-op-eration with the relief group. Governor Roosevelt ; of New York sent a message concerning unemployment to the state legislature which met In special aesriou primarily to handle other matters. | Plans worked out by the President and Mr. Gifford call for complete or-

ganlzation of the entire country for the relief ’task the nation must face this winter. All relief agencies are to be welded into one system so there will be no duplication of effort and no section of the country will be neglected. Under the direction of the Washington organizations communities which have not yet begun to prepare for the. winter are expected to make new efforts to obtain funds with which to supply local needs. The President and Mr. Clifford were in agreement that the relief load must be carried by combined state and community effort. While the federal government will aid in organizing relief activities and in the drive for funds, every attempt Is to be made to frustrate all attempts to pass •‘dole’’ legislation. Senator Couzens of Michigan has generously offered to donate, $1,009.000 to the jobless of 1 Detroit providing $9,000,000 can be raised from other sources. In the effort to avoid a winter shortage of food in drought sections the American Red Dross Is sending fall ’ garden seed io tens of thousands of rural families.. SEVERAL congressmen, speaking on. behalf of American shipping interests. are protesting against the deal made between the federal farm board and the government of Brazil, because the 35.000.000 bushels of w,heat which will be traded for coffee will be transported to Brazil in Brazilian vessels. Chairman Stone of the farm board said nothing could be done about it, as the negotiations had been closed. Representative Frank L. Bowman of West Virginia declared the action of the board in allowing Brazil to arrange the transportation was a “col- ]< ''al economic blunder" and in violation of the spirit of the merchant marine act. The American Steamship Owners’ association sent a protest to President Hoover. Probably, as Mr. Stone says, nothIncican Im* done In this instance, but It is more than likely that if the boar! makes sales of wheat or cotton tn China and other countries. Ameri<an shipping interests will be protected. ° '

Henry Ford

depression. He believes other companies throughout the country will take similar measures. He has been studying the problem while on a tour of inspection and is convinced there is Jto use trying to help men who do non try to help themselves by raising vegetable- for their families. j/when the people of our country Irani to help themselves tliey will be benefited far greater than they would Ik* by unemployment insurance, as is l»elng suggested in congress,’’ Ford said. “if our agriculture plans are adopted throughout the country such a thing a* rhe dole s>stem need never be . thought of " Family men who have no available spm-e for gardening. Ford said, would be supplied with land by. the company. which would provide expert advice for those not familiar with garden work. He added that an investigation would be started «»n so determine which of his employees needed instruction. TIM HERE . were indications that the campaign in the Southwest to force the price of crude oil up to 81 a barrel would lie successful, but the fields of Oklahoma and east Texas - were still kept closed tight by the militia and those of Kansas were shut by order of the state public aervice commission. Several big oil companies made overtures to Governors Murray and Sterling, but both said the Rd would stay clamped down until afl the major purchasers met the price of 31 a barrel. Meanwhile the prices paid for oil moved steadily upward in the states named, and also in Montana. Wyoming. Colorado, New MexLouisiana and Arkansas. California refiners profited by the shortage caused by the shut down, shipping gasoline in large quantities to the east coast. A curtailment program is in effect there too, and producers are drawing from their storage tanks to supply the eastern markets. . ■ •• DAY by day the flood disaster in central China grows worse. Dispatches describe the terrible conditions In tne valley of the Yangtse where ail the country except the hilltops Is under water, junks sailing .unobstructed over hundreds of town and villages. Uncounted thousands of the Inhabitants have drowned and ijpndreds of thousands of others are starving or dying of pestilence. On every bit of land that is still unflooded are throngs of refugees without food, drink or shelter and most of them beyond help. The three great cities of Hankow, Wuchang and Hanyang are in desperate state, threatened with complete destruction, and Anking, Kiukiang and other cities are little better off. The tea crop of central China has been utterly ruined. Survivors of the recent floods in Vera Cruz, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas and Guanajuata, Mexico, are now confronted with worse horrors than drowning. With the receding of

P |IBb S W. S. Gifford

Every family man employed by the Ford Motor company at Iron Mountain, Mich., wiM have to cultivate a garden next year if he expects to retain his job. Such Is tlie edict of Henry Ford, who, thus hopes to relieve I his employees from the effects of the temporary business'

the waters has come an outbreak of yellow fever, dysentery and other diseases ; and as if this were not enough, hordes of snakes are traversing the mud covered lands, attacking everyone in their path. NEW YORK city, aroused to fury by the exploits of its gangsters whiah rival or surpass those of Chicago’s gunmen, has started on a campaign to rid itself of those thugs. The police force was told to arrest all known. or suspected criminals. A great mass meeting was held in Madison Square garden and the speakers, who included Bainbridge Colby, blamed prohibition and crooked politics for the gang outbreaks. The city administration was bitterly denounced, Mayor Walker coming in for some hard slaps. PREMIER L.’ A. TASCHERAU of Quebec province and his Liberal government were victorious In the elections, the Liberals capturing 79 of the 90 seats in the legislative assembly. The party increased its majority by taking four of five new seats created by the last redistribution act while the Conservatives, led by Mayor Camilllen Houde of Montreal, won only 11 seats, the same number they held in the last assembly. Gordon W. Scott, who was to have been provincial treasurer, was the only member of the Liberal cabinet to be defeated.

OPPONENTS of prohibition are i rejoicing in the ac- j quisition of an important recruit to their ranks. He is Samuel Vauclaln, steel magnate and locomotive builder, one of those captains of Industry" whose opinions are generally held in high respect. For years Mr. Vau-

dain was a strong supporter of the dry law on economic grounds and because fit abolished the saloon But he now declares the speakeasy has nullified the benefits of the law, the attempts at enforcement are failures, and the Eighteenth amendment should be repealed. The national treasury should collect much of the millions now going to the bootleggers, Mr. Vauclain avers, and he supports, to some edgree. Senator Morrow’s plan which would restore to each state the power to enact its own dry laws. ‘Somewhat the same plan was advocated by Senator Robert J. Bulkley of Ohio in an address before a big Democratic rally in Kenton. Ohio, in which he declared the right to control liquor traffic should be returned to the sovereign states. Outlining a plan for resubmission of the Eighteenth amendment to the states. Bulkley said he hoped such a plan would be placed before constitutional conventions rather than state legislatures. He urged a plank for the Democratic party ““which would take prohibition out of national politics once and for all." * Incidentally. Senator Bulkley Is still looked upon as a possibility for the Democratic nomination for President » ISIDRO AYORA. President of Ecuador since 1929. resigned immediately after his cabinet quit their posts tui the aftermath of a “peaceful revolt” among the officers of the China-, borazo garrison. Before stepping down, Avoca appointed Col. Larrea Alba as minister of government and he assumed tiie Presidential powers in accordance with the constitution. Ayora took refuge in the United States legation in Quito.

THREE hundred economists. industrialists, labor leaders and government officials were present when the world social economic congress began its sessions in Amsterdam, Holland. In the chair as presiding officer was C. IL Van der Leeuw, an eminent Dutchman who Is president of the In-

C. H. Van der Leeuw

tematibnal Industrial Relations association.. There were delegates from 20 countries. 35 of them representing the United States; ■ The topic for the first session was Present Paradox—Unemployment In the Midst of Economic Progress,” and, to start with, a five-year world prosperity plan was outlined by Dr. Louis L. Ix>rwin of the Brookings institution in Washington. He said that a general five-year moratorium on all war debts and reparations payments was the first neces- . sary step to give the world a breathing spell from what t.e termed Its most aggravating and dangerous postwar problem. Such a moratorium wou'd leave open final settlement of I the debts and reparations question, he said, but the presumption would be In favor of further extenaing It. and a final cancellation if the effects proved as beneficent as expected. >An entire session of the congress was devoted to hearing first hand reports from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics concerning the experience of the Russians in economic planning. PROHIBITION DIRECTOR WOODcock, after investigation of charges, has ordered all dry agents to cease the employment of women in gathering evidence, either as Informers or companions. He says It Is unnecessary, thereby disagreeing with McCampbell, the New York enforcer. COLONEL AND MRS. LINDBERGH arrived safely at Kasimigaura naval base in Japan, near Tokyo, and proceeded to the capital where they were accorded a tremendous welcome by government and citizenry alike. They planned to remain in Japan about two weeks and to fiy from there to China. Afterwards they may go on to Manila, and It is thought they are likely to continue on around the world. However, the colonel declared in Tokyo they had no fixed plans. (A IMI. Western Newspaper Union.)

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL.

HEART OF JACKSON SHOWN IN LETTERS Reveal Intimate Feelings of Great President. In the fifth volume of the “Correspondence of Andrew Jackson,” published by the Carnegie Institution of Washington, it is remarked by. Doctor Jameson in the preface that it is the family letters—clearly the "products of the President’s unaided pen”—that represent the actual “quality, furnishings and functioning of his mind.” The literary gifts and powers of expression of of his advisers, manifest in some of his correspondence tn .natters of state, did not touch these letters, some 60 ot TO In number. No secretary revised their spelling and punctuation. They are as he wrote them with his own hand, and give us “attractive and affecting glimpses” of the weary, harassed President, of impaired health and lonely, “seeking consolation in the love of a family to whom he had endeared himself by every evidence of paternal consideration, gentleness and warm affection." The volume begins with a letter dated January 2. 1833. to “My dear Sarah" (the wife ofhis adopted ion) which finds him “left alone." for everybody had gone to hear Mr. Benton applying to Mr. Clay in the senate and Colonel Polk to Mr. McDuffie in the house. He sends a -breast pin" as a New Year's gift, having nothing better that could be conveyed by mail, with a kiss for his “dear little Rachel.” his infant granddaughter, whom no succeeding letter fails to mention in an affectionate manner On one- occasion. ill himself—too 11l to go to church—nnd seeking to get rid /of his trouble by putting on a “medicated Hare skin" for such complaints as “Astma • • • dispyspepsia. Ac.." he forgets his own pain in his delight that little Rachel Is in Improved health and has cut two teeth. But. he adds: “Whilst we are thankful for the gift of this charming child let us not forget how thankful we ought to be . to Him who „ave her and how earnest we ought to supplicate a throne of grace for her preservation and that she may live to become an ornament to society, and a true disciple of her blessed In every letter to his son, the father of Rachel there is also the concern about practical affairs at Hermitage; the proper caring for the slaves, the planting, the saving of seed for the next year, the selling of cotton, the breeding of horses, and afiove all the meeting of obliga-

S. Vauclaln.

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tion*. Tn the midst of his second term, being painfully ill and his life “uncertain," Jackson urges the son to shun “dissapation” and especially “intoxication which reduces the human being below that of a brute." But “nothing can be more disgraceful • • • than the charge truly made that -he has promised to pay money at a day certain, and violating his promise." “Buy nothing on credit" was also a frequent injunction. , For the burning of Hermitage he imputed neglect to no one and met it as “an act of providence.” “It was he that gave me the means to build it, and he has the right to destroy it and blessed be his name." And Jackson straightway sends orders for “Scantlin and Brick" with which to begin the repairs. But most striking of all is his “hasty and laconic reply" to give peace of mind to the grandmother of the writer of a letter: "I was brought up a Presbyterian to which I have always adhered [though he did not join the church till his retirement to the ’shades of private life.’ knowing that scoffers would say that he had done It for political effect], * • • Charity Is the real basis of all religion. • • * We ought to consider all good Christians whose walks correspond with their profession, be him Presbeterlan. Episcopalian. Baptist, Methodist or Roman Catholic. Let it be remembered by your grandmother that no established religion can exist under our glorious constitution." He was too weak to copy the last letter that he wrote before the day that ended his “official carter forever" and his next letter, written a few days later, makes clear that he has for the time being forgotten all else in his concern for his very sick | little granddaughter. Rachel Jack-son.-—New York Times.More Uses for Cotton Efforts to find new uses for cotton, emphasized in connection with aid to southern farmers, have found results j in plans for doorknobs, buttons, auto- r mobile paint, combs, movie films, I writing paper, shock absorbers, wire insulators and artificial leathers made from the entire cotton plant, except the roots. Revival of cotton in its textile form of dimities and ginghams, has received impetus through new markets in the form of upholstery linings, anto-tire cords, nnd the like.—Popular Mechanics Magazine. Friendship grows in the soil of understanding. Men don’t object to work "if they pick it out <7?

FATE’S ODD MIXING GE TWO MESSAGES The well-beloved Daniel Frohman sends me the following Interesting information: “The late Leonard Grover, a widely known theatrical manager of the early ’7os, was the manager of the theater in Washington in 1865 wherein Abraham Lincoln was shot. “He told me the following curious story in connection with that event: Tt was the custom of the President to send vord to Mr. Grover to say when it would be convenient for him and his family to atfena a performance at Ford’s theater. “One day previous to the memorable tragedy, he drove down Pennsylvania avenue and stopped in front of the theater. He tore off a margin from the newspaper in his possession. and wrote on it that he and his family would be happy to attend the next evening. The play was ‘Our American Cousin.’ “About this time Mr. Grover was

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Rural Hygiene League of Nations experts have completed a project for recommendation to all nations of a standardized system of rural hygiene. Leaguers are convinced that one element in i the present world wide economic i crisis is the necessity of keeping the : health and productive capacity «»f rural workers tip to that of their urban brothers. The project provides amongst other things one physician for every 2.(M>) persons, an auxiliary nursing and technical staff, with facilities in the smallest rural unit to render first aid and carry out prescriptions. The project is to be submitted to an international conference on rural hygiene for final adoption. . . ’ Hi* Reaction Judge—What did the officer do when you called him a lobster? Prisoner—He pinched me.

negotiating with tl. Wilkes Booth for a continuance of his contract as an actor in the Ford theater company. Booth wrote Mr. Grover a note on a sheet of paper folded in two sections, saying he would accept the renewal “Mr. Grover tossed Lincoln’s script into a receptacle, and he also put there Mr. Booth’s letter. “Many years afterward (Mr. Grover told me) in looking through an old trunk io get letters and materia) for a book he was writing, he came across Mr. Booth’s old letter, folded. Inside the fold of the letter was the of newspaper Lincoln had used to write on.”—William Lyon Phelps in Scribner’s Magazine. Church Membership While the population of .the United States is almost evenly divided between cities and country, the church figures do not correspond. The cities have h church membership of more than 35.000.00tf,while the rural membership is about 20,000;000. In cities f about 9’25.000 children attend Sunday school; in the country, about 485.000.

Skeleton in Yale’* “Clo*et” Fifty years ago the late Othniel Marsh, famous geologist, discovered and dug from Wyoming’s soil the huge skeleton of a beast believed to have lived more than 120,000,000 years ago. This skeleton, classified as that of a giant Brontosaurus—also called the “thunder saurian” — has just been assembled and placed on exhibition rn the Peabody museum at Yale university.,And what a stack of bones ! From nose to tip of tail it measures 70 feet, stands 16 feet high and weighs more than G tons. A Book-Mark Son —I’ve forgotten how far Tve read in this book. Mother—Just look for the place the clean pages start. A man who is always promising much is always forgetting much.— Spanish proverb.