The Syracuse Journal, Volume 24, Number 19, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 3 September 1931 — Page 3

Qeneral Pershing’s Stonj of the A. E. F. qenerai debt* r«wv«i. indudlM u>« Rwroductio. bi whob or in pm proiu i John J. PershnUJ ! f -WNU Sorvieo

CHAPTER L The Germans had a preponderance of 323JW Titles March 21, 1918, and although this number had decreased they still had a superiority of about ■200,900 May 27. July 15 this was changed and the allies then had the superiority. by the same number. In other words, the Germans were relatively worse off by 523.000 rifles in July than tn March. This was accounted for almost entirely by the great increase In the numbers of Americans. The French and British had spot been able to add to their strength but, on the contrary, they were being reduced faster than the Germans. The offensive south of Rhelms. July 15-16. having been checked, the moment was favorable for an allied counteroffensive. The selection by the Germans of the Chain- - pagne sector and the eastern and southern faces of the Marne pocket on which to m;|ke their offensive was fortunate for the allies, as it favored the counterattack already planned. We shall .now see the reason for the concentration of several American divisions southwest of Solssons. Some of them were available for use in the twain counterstroke, to ba delivered by the French Tetith artny under Mnngin. The American First and Second divisions were hastily assembled to form the American Third corps under General Bullard. But his corps staff had not yet been fully organized and these divisions, by his direction, under discretionary authority given by me. became a part of the French Twentieth corps, commanded by General latForm Spearhead of Attack. This corps then was composed of these two divisions, and the French First Moroccan division, wjflch had a fine reputation. and was assigned to the most Important position in the attack on the left center of the Tenth nriny. The three divisions mentioned had the honor of being the spearhead of the thru*| against the vulnerable flank of the salient. The line of advance ran eastward over the commanding plateau lust south of Soissons, and across the main road leading from that place to Chateau Thierry. The First had recently been relieved from the Cgntlgny, sector and was en . route to a riest 'area. It was scattered throughout the Dammartin area, just north of Mratix, when it received or»!<ts July to move by truck to the front. After a hurried departure the advance trot>j>* arrived at dawn the 16th at the forest of Betz (or forest of ViUers-ifottv'rets). and during the night the division moved to the front of the fore*:. The night of July 17 it went forward over muddy and congested roads, the columns of Infantry working thbtr way to the front, where they arrived In the nick of time. The Second division was at Montreuil aux Lion* In reserve of the First corps, recuperating, when the order came on tl. • 14th to move by truck toward the front. Dawn July 17 found the infantry and machine-gun elements arriving at the forest of VillersCotterete. The night of the 17th the movement toward the front, through the forest.; was made with extreme difficulty. The narrow roads became jammed, froops lost their direction and then* was serious doubt whether they would be nt lhe.fr line of deparfun- at the appointed hour of 4:35 a. tn,, the I'Sth. Proceed Against Odd*. With most commendable energy and Initiative the officers led their commands forward during the night, winding In and out through the almost Inextricable snarls of wheeled vehicles:. One of the battalions assigned to lead In th* attack, though on the march most of the night, was forced to move on the run for the last few hundred yards, artd just reached. It* place as the barrnge started. The Second division headquarters found itself July 16 with no knowledge of the terrain and little obtainable from any source. Ilarbord and his chief of staff. Col. Preston Brown, started for the front and accidentally ran Into the headquarters of the Twentieth corps. They there found the directive for the attack, from which they Issued the division s orders. The country over which the Twentieth corps attacked consisted of a succession of wooded ravines that lay across the line of Advance, with scarcely any roads leading toward the front. The enemy’s main defense* along the ridges of the Solssons plateau were naturally strong, and with the added tntrenchments the enemy evidently felt himself reasonably secure. It was harvest time and the ripening wheat that covered the rolling landscape gave excellent cover for the knemy s infantry and machine guns, hut it also helped to bide our advancPEnemy Caught by Surprise. Without the usual preliminary artillery preparation, the assaulting battalions, accompanied by light tanks, plunged forward behind the barrage. The enefuy was caught by surprise •nd the First and Second divisions, gallantly supported by the Moroccan division 1° the center, soon overran his forward positions and broke through th« sone of his light artillery. Though constantly confronted by fresh enemy troops, this corps took the lead ia the advance and Its progress was most satisfactory. By noon it bad captured batt of the great plateau In ft* front, with many prisoners, and a little later forward elements reached the day's obj«*H«*The Second division encountered strong opposition at Vierxy. In a determined effort launched after 6 p. m. the town was a line over-

copied. The First division had carried everything before it. capturing defended farm houses and other points where it met stiff resistance, finally taking Missy-aux-Bois and holding a front line slightly beyond that town. The line ran diagonally across the Paris-Solssons road. The attack of the corps was resumed the morning of July 19, but during the night the German lines directly in front of Solssons had been heavily reinforced with machine guns and artillery. In their advance the French One Hundred Fifty-third division and the First division met with much resistance. the Second brigade of the First encountering fire of the enemy both from the front and the left flank. Tanks were sent to Its assistance nnd with close artillery support the division was enabled slowly to gain ground, but at considerable cost. The Second division, with the reserves of the first day in the lead, forged ahead to the Soissons-Chnteau Thierry road but was compelled to withdraw to the vicinity of La Raperie. It finally established a line just west of Tigny. with the road under its guns. The division was relieved by the French Fifty-eighth division/ the n:_’!it <>f the 19th. having advanced six and one-half miles,, captured 3.000 prisoners and seveht/five guns, and sustained about 5,000 casualties. First Division Mak** Advance. July 20 the First division continued its advance doggedly against a desperate stand by the Germans jon the knoll In front of Berzy-leSec. The French had been ordered. to take Berzy-ie-fcec. but failed. In the afternoon Summerall directed that It be assaulted by his Second brigade, but the attempt did not succeed that day. Ashy the skillful use of artillery and with consummate dash, under Brig. Gen.. B. B. Buck, In the face of Intense artillery and machine gun fire, the Second brigade captured the town on the 21st. Meanwhile, the First brigade and the French Eighty-seventh division, which had relieved the Moroccans, had crossed the SolssonsChateau Thierry highway and reached the Chateau of Buzancy. The line now ran parallel to the Crise. with Solssons commanded by our artillery. The First division, throughout four days of constant fighting, had ad-a-need nearly sv'en r'les, taken 3."«ofl prisoners and sixty eight guns from •even different German divisions employed against it. and had about 7,200 e;i'!i:ilti«‘S. < The thrust of the Twentieth corps was conducted with such magnificent dash and power that the enemy's position within the salient was rendered

/>/ < J Island 2nd. Di visions f Julylß-22.1918 Front Lines Coeuvres- Q) / ‘ y/\ — xx — Division Boundary /■' —— — Mr 5" Forest \ z Retz Tionv - .f.. A■• JV - Zt.,.,, f 1 — .

untenable. The dangerous character of the threat caused the crown prince to begin a general withdrawal from the Marne. This operation snatched the initiative from the enemy almost in an instant and from that moment he was on the defensive. Our First and Second divisions, .with the Moroccan division between them, had struck the decisive blow that turned the tide of the war. Petain said it could not have been done without our divisions. On the other side the German chancellor, Von Hertllng. said later: “We

Naughty Impulse That Was Foiled by Chivalry * - f

Among the good stories told by Miss Jane Harrison, the famous lecturer in classical archeology at Newnham college. Cambridge, England, in her autobiography. “Reminiscences of a Student's Life.” is this one: Miss Harrison was fbr a time a magistrate, and on one occasion there appeared before the bench a certain prisoner who. It seems, had used peculiarly foul language. Instead of repeating it the clerk had had a typed copy made, which was circulated on the bench. Miss Harrison says: “The unknown to me has always had an irresistible lure, and all my life I have had a curiosity to know what really bad language consisted of. In the stables at home I had heard an occasional ’d —n’ from the lips of a gnwm, but that was not very informing. “Now was the chance of my life. The paper reached the old gentleman next me. I had all but stretched out an eager hand. He bent over me in a fatherly way and said: . “ T am sure you will not want to see this.’ -

expected grave events In Paris for the end of July. That was on the 15th. On the 18th even the most optimistic among us understood that all was lost. The history of the world was played out in three days.” CHAPTER LI American participation in the second Marne offensive, which began July 18, 1918, and turned the tide of war in favor of the allies, was not limited te the operations of the First and Second divisions. While this bitter contest was being waged for the possession of the'crucial point near Solssons the troops around the rim of the salient had been steadily driving ahead. The Fourth division (Cameron), less its artillery, fought at .first with the French. The Seventh brigade was attached to the Second corps, French Sixth army, the Forty-seventh Infantry In reserve, and the Thirty-ninth assigned to the French Thirty-third division. In the attack of July 18 this regiment cleaned up the wood in its front, captured Noroy, and extended the line to the south. On the 18th the regiment went forward about two and onehalf miles on a front 1.000 yards north of the Ourcq. It was relieved the /luorning of the 20th and went to the reserve. • • The Eighth brigade was assigned to the French One Hundred Sixty-fourth division, the Fifty-ninth regiment In reserve. In the attack of the 18th, the Fifty-eighth regiment assisted in the capture of Hautevesnes and Courchamps. took Chevillon and made further substantial gains. The Fiftyninth regiment was put tn the front line during the night of July 18-19, relieving the Fifty-eighth, and on the 19th, advancing with the division, gained two miles. On the 20th. with two battalions of the Fifty-ninth in line, the advance was carried well,to the east of Snmmelans. The brigade was relieved from the front line July 21. Twenty-sixth Division Participate*. Coincident with these advance* on the' 18th. the First corps (Liggett), serving 'with the French sixth army division and composed of our Twentysixth division and the French One Hundred Sixty-seventh division, also became a part of the movement. The Twenty-sixth division occupied the line it had taken over from the Second division July 10. The plan for the July 18 offensive contemplated a deej* penetration south of Solssons by the French Tenth army, supported on the right by the French Sixth army, extending the attack ,as far South as Bouresches. The Fifty-second brigade. Twentysixth division, captured the villages of Torcy and Belleau. and one battalion reached the base of the dominating Hill 193. Elements of the brigade reached the railroad, hut severe flank fire drove, them. to the starting point. Qn the 19th' the advance of the Twenty sixth was contingent upon the success of the French One Hundred S’xty-sev-nth division on its left, but that division failed to take its objectives and.the Twenty sixth did not. attack. <>n the 20th the One Hundred Sixty-seventh was held up again, exposing the left of the division to heavy flank tire and preventing more than a

slight gam. tartner to tne right the Twenty-sixth succeeded in taking Gonetrie farm, and got a foothold on Hili 190. Reach New German Line. Whe# the attack began on the 21st it wa« found that the Germans had withdrawn the night before, and the Twenty-sixth moved forward with little or no opposition until it reached the new German lines at i'Hermitage-Epieds-Mot't St. Pere, east of the Sois-sons-Chateau-Thierry highway. (»4 the 22nd it captured Trugny and got a foothold In Epieds, but was forced by

"I was pining to read It, but sixty years of sex subservience had done their work. I summoned my last blush, cast down my eyes, and said: •“Oh, no! No. Thank you so much.’ x “Elate with chivalry, he bowed and pocketed the script.”—Kansas City Times. le* Formatioa No definite statement can be as to the degree of cold required to freeze ice of certain dimensions. Many surrounding factors must be taken into consideration. The formation of ice of considerable thickness requires continuous low temperature for a sufficient time. Sufficient ice for skating is rarely. found unless the temperature goes to about 20 degree Fahrenheit. Quick Action It takes six generations to make a gentieman and only one bad day in Wall Street to make him a bum.—-San Francisco Chronicle,

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL.

a strong German counterattack to retire to Bretuil wood. The Fifty-Second brigade was also driven back to its starting point. The attack renewed on the 23rd was successful, one regiment reaching the Epieds-Mont St. Pere road, but in the afternoon it was forced to retire. That night the Fifty-second brigade was replaced by the Fifty-sixth brigade, Tweny-eighth division. When the latter launched its attack the morning of the 24th, it was found that the enemy had withdrawn and he was not again encountered until the pursuers. Including part of the Fifty-first brigade. Twenty-sixth division, reached Croix Rouge farm. During its offensive action beginning with the 18th, the Twenty-sixth division had progressed nearly eleven miles and had captured 250 prisoners and four pieces of artillery. Since its occupation of the sector July 10 it had suffered about 5,000 casualties. The division was relieved, together with the Fifty-sixth brigade. Twenty-eighth division, by the Eighty-fourth brigade. Forty-second division, which took over the sector on the 25th. The Eightyfourth brigade. Forty-second division, replaced two French divisions, whicn were pinched out by the shortening of the line. On the 27th, the Forty-sec-ond division occupied the entire front of the First corps, about two miles in .extent Enemy Fights Desperately. The enemy's defeat in front of the Twentieth corps (American First and Second divisions and First Moroccan division) was the principal cause of the withdrawal of his armies, but he fought desperately from position to position and his retirement was being skillfully conducted to save men and material from capture. In the counteroffensive of July 18 no operations were ordered for French or American troops east of Chateau Thierry, leaving them an opportunity to readjust their lines. On the 20th, patrols from the Third division discovered that the' Germans had withdrawn across' the Marne the night before and the division at once advanced its line to the river. The night of July 20th the Germans further withdrew to the line Charteves-Ridge, north of Mont St. Pere, connecting with their line of resistance in, front of our First corps. July 21 the Fifth brigade crossed the Marne In pursuit, capturing Mont St. Pere and driving machine gutis out of Charteves. The Sixth brigade waited for the bridge tod>e completed at Mezy and the morning of the 22nd one regiment crossed the river and captured Jaulgonne. The Germans were contesting every step, and while the First battalion of this regiment reached Le Channel it was compelled to retire by successive positions to Jaulgonne. On the 26th operations planned in co-operation with the French Thirtyninth and the American Forty-second on its left were only partly successful. The Forty-second captured the strongly held Croix Rouge farm, but the French Thirty-ninth division could not advance. The leading battalions of the Fifth brigade entered Le Channel, but not being able to debouch from the town they were withdrawn after dark. During the night the hardpressed Germans retired to the Ourcq,

leaving- maemne guns nenind to delay our advance. July 27 the French Thirty-ninth division took up the pursuit, followed by the Fifty-fifth brigade. Twentyeighth division, which relieved the French Thirty-ninth that night at Courmont, The Fifth brigade, Third division, advanced on the right to protect this movement and occupied a line running southeast from Courmont through Vlllardelle. During the morning of the 28th, the Fifth brigade captured Roncheres. and the Twentyeighth division reached the Ourcq, but was unable to hold Its gains north of the river. On the 29th the Third division occupied an irregular line beyond Roncheres, but neither that unit nor the Twenty-eighth division on its left was able to make material progress against the Bols des Grimpettes that day. Third Division Relieved. The Third division was relieved by the Thirty-second on the 30tff and retired south of the Marne. It had taken a decisive part in stopping the last German offensive and had advanced ten miles through difficult country, stubbornly defended by the <»nemy. It had suffered casualties to the number of about 6,000 officers and men. The Forty-second division, as we have seen, bad come from the French Fourth army to the Marne salient and had relieved the Twenty-sixth division In the First corps. In the advance that followed it had gallantly captured Croix Rouge farm on the 26th, and on the following day had cleared the Foret de Fere, captured Vi!iers-sur-Fere and had reached the Ourcrj. July 28 the Forty-second established a line beyond the Ourcq and on the 29th the Fourth division, in support of the 1 Forty-second division, captured Sergy, while the latter took Seringes-et-Neale& (TO BE COhTIXVE&I

DAIRY FACTS LET COWS BE DRY FULLY SIX WEEKS Need Rest Between Lactation Periods. Overworked cows like overworked people make vacations show profit*, according to Prof. H. A. Hopper of tie New York State College of AgricuL ture. Cows in poor condition should have a rest of two months between lactation periods, and good cows should rest a minimum of six weeki he advises. ' It is not generally understood that when a cow is producing milk she uses the minerals from her body faster than they can be replaced. A cow producing 6,000 pounds of milk a year must manufacture 750 pounds of dry matter, or more than is contained in the carcass of a 1,250-pound steer. If a cow is given little or no rest, she enters the next lactation period in a weakened and run-down condition, with the result that she can produce less milk than she could have had she been dried off a few weeks before she freshened. It is false economy, according to Professor Hopper, to try to keep cows in nearly constant production. To allow them to replace the min-< erals which have gone into the production of milk, cows that are dry durifig the pasture season 5 should receive legume hays and pasture or be allowed to graze on a legume pasture. At other times legume hays and silage should be fed to dry cows, if possible. Regulate Separator in Extreme Hot Weather An additional aid to,the keeping quality of cream in summer is the regulation of the separator to deliver a cream testing between 35 and 45 per cent. Bacteria act upon the sugar in the skimmiJk, Causing souring and the smaller the amount of skimmilk present the less sugar available for the production of acid. Hence there is a real advantage in separating a richer cream during the summer months. There is no greater loss of fat by this method and a material advantage in improved keeping quality results. Proper cooling is just as important with cream as with milk, especially since cream is delivered less frequently and therefore has greater oppor-. tunity to undergo spoiling.. It should be cooled immediately after separation. It is especially important that fresh cream should not be mixed with older cream until it has been thoroughly cooled, since the addition of-warm cream to cold hastens souring by warming up the whole mass. In the summer, cream should be delivered’at least three times a week if it is to get to the creamery in good condition. It is important that it beprotected from the heat and kept as cool as possible while in transit. This may be done by covering the can with a wet blanket or insulating jacket. In this way it is possible to ship it many times farther than in cans without protection, before much increase in temperature takes place.—Exchange. I . ——— ■ Solving “Onion” Problem Onion flavor can be taken out of milk by q, rather tedious process discovered by the Tennessee experiment station and bitterweed flavor can be taken out of cream by a process discovered by the same institution, but the best course is to keep these flavors from getting in the milk. Some land should be cleaned of onions by the cultural*methods which will eliminate all bitterweed and then used for a temporary pasture during the season these weed pests bother. By plowing it as often as-each two years at the right time-In the fall, the onion problem will not bother. Sweet clover, the other clovers, some suitable grass and lespedeza make the kind of temporary pasture for this situation. DAIRY FACTS Minimum losses and more regular tests are assured where the milk is separated before it becomes cold. • • • Naturalists assert that a caterpillar can eat .twice its own weight in leaves in 24 hours. • • • When planning to build or remodel s the dairy barn have at least 32 to 36 feet width, outside dimensions. • • • Wooden tanks or concrete tanks that are insulated can be used in winter as well as in summer, giving a high quality of milk throughout the year. • • • Careful feeding of dairy cows is especially important when milk prices are low. The ration should be carefully balanced and grain fed strictly in accordance with the amount of milk produced. • • • A New York state dairy herd improvement association tester reports that 137 cows, shown to be unprofitable, were sold from his association daring the year. About 100 of these were sold to butchers and removed from circulation, herd owners making a profit on the transaction. • • • One should remember that the cow Is just a manufacturing plant, and must have the raw material if she is to produce efficiently. • • • Canada has shipped more than 100.000 pounds of butter to England this year, it being a new industrial departure for the Dominion. The two Important factors In keeping milk sweet for a long period, always are to keep bacteria out of it as much as possible, and to" maintain it at a comparatively low temperature. -

Prepare Stock Now for Coming Winter Inspection of Herds and \Barns .Will Repay Time Spent. With the approach of winter farmers should make sure that the barns in which their stock are to pass the cold months are clean and free from possible infectious diseases or parasites. Most progressive stockmen wash their stables at least once a year but frequent dustings with an old broom are needed to keep the cobwebs and dust down. Before the cartie leave the pastures for the season it Is good practice to inspect the whole herd, and particularly the dry stock which may have been on some distant pasturage, for possible skin disease or parasites. Noncontagious troubles such as warts, eczema, or wounds are easily hooked after but ringworm, scab or mange, lice, or warbles are more dangerous and each needs special treatment. It is often difficult for the average farmer to recognize the symptoms of an attack of the first two skin diseases mentioned, or to distinguish between them. Ringworm is doubly dangerous because humans may contract it through handling or from currycombs and brushes. A simple method of finding whether scabs or skin rashes are caused by mange mites or ringworm is to scrape some of the scabs onto a piece of black paper. On warming this over a flame the mites can be seen to move, which is not the case with ringworm. Tincture of iodine applied daily following washing with soap and water will cure the latter but scabies or mange need to be dipped in or sprayed with special solutions such as crude'petroleum or equal parts of kerosene and cottonseed oil. which mixture is also recommended for lice. No animal can give its best milk production or put on flesh when feeding such parasites. Proper Nutrition Need of Young Growing Pigs Feeding trials indicate that It is practical and easily possible to get as rapid gains through the winter on fall pigs as through the summer on spring pigs To do this, however, requires more skill in. feeding. By skill in feeding we mean mainly supplying the right kinds of feed. A great many SAvine producers do not get as good gains on fall pigs as on spring pigs because they do not feed rations that are complete enough in protein, mineral, and vitamin supply, The result of this Is that pigs become unthrifty and tend to develop rickets. Excellent results are had from grain and grass during tlije summer but there is no grass dugng the winter, and grain is not enough for the complete nutrition of young growing pigs. Hence a good many farmers are disturbed about their < fall pig shotes along about this time of year. Should these pigs, that have been unintentionally abused during the winter, survive until good grass is ready, they will usually curl tip their tails and do their best to make up for lost time. — Exchange. Yellow Blossom Clover Superior to the White? Eastgate brothers. Grand Forks county, N. D., prefer yellow blossom sweet clover to the white blossom variety. They say the yellow blossom clover stays green later in the fall and it makes a better hay because the stems are not so coarse. It also reseeds itself better when pastured closely. “We use for pasture a mixture of seven pounds of sweet clover and four pounds of timothy.” said Jake Eastgate. “If the pasture is to be used for any length of time we add about six pounds of brome grass an acre to the mixture. The brome is the first to get green in the spring. It also stays green late in the fall. Over a period of 17 years we have averaged making 158 pounds of beef an acre on pasture. The beef yield has varied from 80 to 300 pounds an acre.”—Capper’s Farmer. Feed Mature Turkeys Same as Other Fowls Mature turkey* are fed upon the grains commonly given other poultry: Corn, wheat, oats and buckwheat with corn the predominating grain, They are also given skimmilk and. if not on free range, tender green food of any kind that they like. The poultry mashes used in feeding young chicks are also suitable for growing turkeys. These may be kept dry tn hoppers before the birds or fe’ moistened. As early fall comes and it is desired to fatten turkeys for market, the proportion of corn fed Is increased. The birds .rill show by their appetites what suitable amounts are. Fattening should begin by October for the Thanksgiving market. North Carolina Hay Crop The advice of the agricultural leaders to the farmers of North Carolina to live at home has been very successful. This year a large and fine crop of oat hay has been harvested by the farmers of the state. Both fall sown and spring sown oats made large yields. The weather conditions for curing were practically Ideal. After harvesting the oats, the fields have been broken an< soybeans and cowpeas planted for hay or a soil-bulld-Ing crop. Varieties of Apples There are more than 800 standard varieties of apples in orchards in the United States. In the CumberlandShenandoah states there are 300 or more varieties. Only a few of these hundreds of varieties are. or probably ever will be, of real commercial Importance, ffccording to United States Department of Agriculture and scare economists, whe emphasize that producers need to. satisfy the® exacting demands of consumers for high quality fruit.

PWLTRV POULTRY FEED THAT IS WELL BALANCED Calculated to Maintaining Production. y Feed cost Is only a part of the (expense of producing eggs. It is about 60 per cent of the total expense. If It takes 9 cents feed cost to produce eggs, the eggs must sell for 15 cents a dozen, to keep from losing money. What the poultry man needs is a cheap but well-balanced ration. There are two mash mixtures that can be prepared for about the same price. The first is: Equal parts of bran, shorts, cornmeal, ground oats, and meat scraps. Thq second is: 100 pounds cornmeal, 100 pounds ground wheat, 100 pounds ground oats or barley, and 75 pounds of meat scraps. Either mash must be fed dry and kept before the hens at all times In open self-feeders. Ten feet of feeder space is needed for each 100 hens in the house. A grain ration is fed with, the mash. Such a ration may consist of any grains grown on the farm. It should contain (some yellow corn if it does not add too much to the cost by including it. Equal parte of cracked corn, whole wheat and Kafir is a suggested ration, or 75 parts of c0rn..25 parts of wheat,- or in fact most any combination of grains. Range and Fresh Water Necessary for Pullets Crowding pullets on the range is one cause of poor development. When the young birds have plenty of room they seem to feather better and develop vigorous meaty bodies; Poultry profits are determined not entirely by the number of pullets but by the quality of the individual birds. Never allow the water supply to run low on the pullet range; If water must be carried to the birds, take them fresh water whether they need it or not. This prevents the fountains or pans from running dry and causing the birds to trample each . other while suffering from thirst. Tlfe modern method of feeding the growing stock consists in keeping a balanced dry mash available at all times and that mash cannot easily be eaten or digested without large quantities of water to mix with it No Profit in Keeping 4 Weak Pullets in Flock Weak pullets should be disposed of as soon as possible after they are out of the incubator, accordiijg to Leon Todd, of the Purdue university i.faculty. ' * “Poorly feathered chicks, often called ‘bare backs,’ usually are theresult of an inherited tendency and. one prominent hatchery man told me he had his flock owners band- each poorly-hatched chick,” he said. “None of the banded, birds was used as breeders, and after using this scheme it no longer was necessary to use bands to identify the ‘bare backs.’ “Keep young birds and layers separated to prevent disease,” he warned. “Place the brooder house in clover or alfalfa, near a corn field, and move It a few yards every three or four weeks and be sure there is plenty of water for the birds.” Must Include Vitamins ' in the Chicken Ration Better chicks result if the hatching eggs are rich in vitamins A. D, and E. Yellow corn and green alfalfa leaves supply vitamin A. Vitamin D will be supplied if the’nock can- range in plenty of sunshine. Whole kernels of wheat contain vitamin E. Each poultry raiser producing hatching eggs should see to it that his breeding birds are receiving their share of these vitamins-contatning feeds. Tn case of a long spell of cloudy weather, it would be advisable to feed a biologically tested cod liver oil until sufficient sunshine returns, as such oil contains vitamin D. Cod liver oil can be mixed with the grain feed at the rate of one pint for each 100 pounds. c — Air Poultry House When a long poultry house consists of tight sections, while the hens all range in one flock, we find it pays to open all the inside doors and block them open. This tends to stir up a draught in th# house and the air keeps moving even on hot days. An outside scre«y) door covered with hardware clotff can be used instead of the wooden door on hot nights, and it will help to keep out thieves but permit air to circulate through the house. — Indiana Farmer’s Guide. Quarters for Pullets As the culls are removed the flock will, of course, need less room and where a large house with pens is used the remainder of the flock can be moved Into fewer and fewer pens and the empty ones thoroughly cleaned and disinfected and made ready for the pullets, a writer in the Ohio Farmer comments. This method of arrangement will spread the labor over a longer time and mean less rushing this fall when the pullets are ready to be put In their winter quarters. To Control Worms The California experiment station suggests a simple remedy for the control of worms, consisting of two pounds of tobacco dust mixed with 100 pounds of ordinary dry mash feed. They say that It should be fed once daily for three weeks, then It should be discontinued for three weeks, following which it should be used for a second period of three weeks. Afte? the first week of feeding and again after each period of feeding It epson* salts should be administered.