The Syracuse Journal, Volume 24, Number 10, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 2 July 1931 — Page 6

News Review of Current Events the World Over Hoover’i Plan for War Debt Moratorium Not Wholly • Liked by France —Aviators Fly Across Atlantic Ocean. By EDWARD W. PICKARD

PRESIDENT HOOver's plan fur a onfe year moratorium on reparations and war debts probably will go through unless France blocks it. Hailed with cheers by most of th< world, the proposition was received rather coldly and suspiciously by the French. Ambassador Walter E. Edge gut busy with the

Walter E. V' Edg*

government leaders In Paris and ■worked hard to jjaln their acceptance of the plan, but the best he could obtain from the cabinet wa* a note carrying modified approval. This, forwarded through him to Washington, lauded Mr. Hoover's initiation but insisted that Germany must continue pay ment of the ‘•unconditional'* annuities as provided under the Young plan, though France would waive the conditional payments for a year inasmuch as America will waive war debt payments for the same period. The unconditional annuities France is willing to turn back .to Germany through I the Bank of International Settlements if the money Is needed. Great Britain and Germany had already given the plan their full approval. and Mussolini sent word that Italy accepted It unequivocally. Belgium. which Is as Jealous of her reparations as France, was expected to follow the Freioh lend. ', • The President early was assured of tl/e support of the leaders of both parties and all factions in congress, and during the week he canvassed the entire membership of both houses In order to l.earti just what |»'siti.-n they would take In the matter. The result was not made public but It w;aa presumed he had assurances of far more than enough totes to put over whatever legislation will be necessary.* There is no pretence that Mr. Hoover's plan is wholly altruistic. It Is < .exi-ung . n r> g tradb nnd business ar I if it sm .is in this, the United 'tut.es would be exj.. . ted to reap i/s f ..r share ' / t!.v benefits. That the mere putting forward of the proposition was nt least temporarily beneficial was shown by the new. buoyancy In the stock exchanges.

PROVIDED the pro-jhim-iI reparations and war debt morn* torium really turn* the buslnes* tide toward prosperity, It would be a profitable investment for the United Stales. Such Is the of dep 1.. Milts, under- . secretary of the treat- - ury. Ho asserted in \\ a'hilikieir /lliat ■■ ’.he . 10-s of about .'O*.-.

h. !> this country will not colled nett j ■ H ' " ' goes' throtu‘!i uar I<e more than made up tn a short time If it brought about a return of better times ■ 1 “Krom indications thus far." Mr. Mills said, "It aj»j»ear» that the world At large looks upon the American pro- )>■•>«! as a hopeful business factor. Stocks have risen in tiie big exchanges. With better l*usiness the tax receipts of the treasury will increase." Mr. Mills declined to predict whether it will be necessary to recommend a tux Increase to the next congress to supply revenues for operating the government t during the next fiscal year. He pointed out. however, that a postponement of war debts payments would cut the treasury receipts during the next year by more than '•"‘.two. This year's deficit, on the basis of Income tax returns, probably will not greatly exceed sßso.»a»>.t'OU. Up to the close of June 19, total expenditures chargeable against ordinary receipts were s4.llfi.tXC>.OtM*. as compared with an estimated expenditure for the fiscal year of $4,335.bu0,Up to date $70,000,000 more has been expended , for the agricultural marketing fund than was expended for o the same i>eriod last year. The soldiers' lion us fund has taken $225,000,000 up to date, twice as much as was exj>ended last year during the same period. Income tax receipts for the next fiscal year probably will run below those for the current year. An 'attempt Is being made to hold government exi»enditures down several hundred millions below the figure voted for the current fiscal year. If business conditions improve treasury officials anticipate an immediate raise in the Income tax and other receipts. Commerce department officials said that they were hopeful better financial conditions abroad would be reflected in American foreign commerce. FIRST of this year's crop of American transatlantic flyers to hop oft from Harbor Grace, Newfoundland were Wiley Post and Harold Gatty in the single motored cabin plane Winnie Mae. Their destination was Berlin, and though they did not make the flight to the German capital without stop, they did in getting safely across the oceffit They landed at the See land airdrome near Chester. England, after circling over the city of Bangor. Wales. Post was the pilot of the plane throughout the flight and Gatty acted as navigator. They were heard from only once on the way across, the liner Drottningholm picking up their radio call. Post and Gatty Mt out to mate the circuit of the

globe in ten days. They remained at Chester only long enough to refuel and eat lunch, and then flew to Berlin and thence onward toward cow. • _ : ■ Only a few hours after P.ost and Gatty hopped off, Otto Hillig and Holger Holrils started from Harbor Grace in a big. heavily loaded Bellanca plane with the hope of making a nonstop flight to Copenhagen. Denmark. From there they planned to fly to Germany. France and England. Ruth Nichols, flying from New York on the first leg of her projected trip across'the Atlantic, landed at St John. N. 1U and ran her plane into a rock near the airfield. She was painfully Injured and the plane whs so badly damaged that it was necessary to postpone her flight indefinitely. James ("Jimmy”) Doolittle, one of America's most daring and most expert flyersT"had another narrow escaj»e from death when his new (speed plane started falling apart while he was traveling 250 miles an hour only 100 feet up, near St. Louis. Mb. He came down safely in a parachute and the plane was demolished.

Dr. G. Jsmeson Carr

line, would reveal how the'young woman came to her death. Site .hud »d---niitH-ily n infatuated wjth liim nnd on his return from England pe gave the grand Jury two notes,from her in which she told of planning to commit suicide. Rut Starr’s stepfather, Stanley E. Faithful, took one look at them and declared they were fidrgcries. Handwriting experts were to L»e called on to settle this question. Both letters were addressed to Doctor Carr In care of the medical department of the Cunard line at Liverjhiol. one. postmarked June 2. and written «>n ststloneiy of a,New York hotel, flatly declared Starr was going to end her “worthless; disorderly bore of an existence- I |ru!n any. <>(.,• - life tis well.” T’.» second, i: written two days later from) Mineola, was (n flippant vein and reiterated her I intention to. commit suicide, i I eiR HI BERT WILKINS, and his ; vJ weary crew managed to get the submarine Nautilus into the harbor, of Cork, Ireland, after its stortry voyage acrons the Atlantic, Thie c enmander . 'C.'l th.it after the batterie); were re- . • i lie would pneeed tp England far Other repairs, and that he hoped ,' t i rea(h the North p«>lv, by he sub-ice route, in two months. The mishaps and delay, buffered by the Wilkins expedition li*d| Dr. Hugo Eckvner to abandon bis plan for a meeting between the -Graf Zeppelin and the Nautilus at the; pole. The dirigible will make a six-jdhy cruise Into Arctic regions In Juli J on a scientific mission. !

B O(jden L. Mills

Dwight davis, > governor general I of the Philippines, has had enough of I that difficult and thankless Job and has I notified the administration in Washington | that he would like to quit’ a« soon as President Hoover can conveniently fill the post. He says merely that he desires to take up

again his residence la j the United States. ; The knowledge spreading through official circles that Mr. Davis has offered his resignation has already produced booms for two mien as candl- ’ dates for his posit ion. j They are Theodore Roosevelt, goveirnor of Porto Rico. and Maj. Gen. Frank R. McCoy. The official expectation Is that one of. the two will get the post and at present Mr. Roosevelt appears to be In" the lead. WITH due formality President Hoover received JiVilllam Duncan Herridge, the new minister from the Dominion of Canada. In accept* ing his official letters of credence Mr. Hoover declared that the establishment of direct diplomatic relations between the United States and Canada and served to strengthen international friendship. Mr. Herridge. who is only the second Canadian minister to the United States, referred to the maintenance of a legation in Washington as an aid to cordial relations. pHIANG KAI-SHEK, head of the Chinese Nationalist government, has begun his great effort to exterminate the communists and bandits. He concentrated about 200.000 troops in Klangsi province and held a war council in Nanchang at which the military operations were all planned. If these succeed, he believes it will put an end to resistance, both political and armed, to the Nanking government for he minimixes the doings of the opposition In and about Canton. General Chiang sailed from Nanking aboard a Chinese gunboat to lead the forces, leaving Finance Minister T. V. Soong in charge of political affairs during his absence, which. General Chiang estimates, wf.l be about two months. I

With the countryside under water, the campaign for rooting out the bandit armies, which are well equipped and in good morale, Is likely to be a painful and tortuous process as well as expensive, especially since most of the troops have been promised double pay to Insure their loyalty. PEACE between the Vatican and Italian Fascism, instead of being within sight, is as far away as ever, according to Pope Pius XL The Holy Father, addressing 700 members of the congregation for propagation of the faith, declared in so many words that he and Premier Mussolini were at swords points and that It had been impossible even to start talking of agreements. He asserted that the church Is being persecuted in Italy "worse than in Mexico and Russia, and - that 9,000 organisations of the Duce's followers have been given the task of persecuting him. However, he declared his faith in providence and said the bishops in Italy had informed him that there was increasing unrest in the country because of the “intolerable surveillance, odious espionage, secret reports and continuous menaces.”' > Mussolini In his latest note to the Vatican was rather conciliatory, but the duce was firm In his attitude toward the Catholic Action societies. He left the fundamental issue which has always existed as to the respective rights of the church and state in educational matters exactly as it 'has always been. s— MEXICO'S troubles with the Catholic church have been renewed by the action of the Vera Crux state government in restricting the number of priests conducting services to one for every 100.000 inhabitants Priests in Mexico are warning their congregations that another religious conflict is likely. They said priests in Vera Crux had been harshly treated, and that a few had been killed. These remarks are believed to have been inspired by a riot at Huatusco, in the state of Vera Crux, during the burial of Father Felipe Cano, who j died from injuries he had sustained in h clash tietween liberals and Catholics at Chavaxtla. Vera Crux is one of the most densely jM>pulated states of Mexico, and its Inhabitants are about equally divided between liberals and Catholics. Governor Tejeda, who is well known for his antireligious sentiments, caused the local congress to pass a law regulating the religious provisions of the constitution and restricting the number of priests allowed to conduct services within the state. , Several priests have filed amparo proceedings with tile courts of the district, claiming that their constitutional rights to practice their religion are impaired by the law and have demanded protection from the federal government against the Vera Cruz authorities. The department of the interior is expected to intervene, though the Vera Cruz government maintains that intervention would be an encroachment uiH>n its sovereignity as an autonomous state.

XT EW YORKS i ’ latest death mystery —that of ; Starr Faithful, beautiful but erratic, whose body was foujnd on the sands of Long Beach —Is sti U unsolved and m|ay remain so. The authorities had hoped the information brought buck by Dr. G1 Jameson Carr, ship's surgeon of the (Conard

Don Jaime de Bourbon

lowing who demand rather more than autonomy for Catalonia. It has been considered likely that Lerroux win be the first premier under the new constitution which will be drafted by the constituent, cortes. Restoration of the Spanish monarchy. with himself on the throne, is th* ambition of I»on Jaime de Bourbon, the Carlist pretender, who Is now sixty years old but vigorous and full of schemes. It is reported that Gen. Martines Anldo, his chief military aid, has gathered an army In northern Spain and expects to overthrow the republican regime. But pretenders seldom have any luck in such ventures, ami the government at Madrid probably isn't worried by this threat. FLAMES starting on a wharf at St. John, N. 8.. swept the waterfront and practically ruined the entire western section of the port. The property damage was believed to exceed $lO,000,000, and'several lives were tout. The conflagration raged for hour*, destroying docks, grain elevators and several steamships. The greatest loss was suffered by the harbor commission. federal property valued at $3,500,000 being burned. FOR the first time in the history of Ohio a woman is to be electrocuted. At Jefferson. Mrs. Julia Maude Lowther of Ashtabula, twenty-three years old. was sentenced to die In the electric chair at the state penitentiary on October 2 for the murder of Mrs. Clara Smith, her employer and the wife of the man she loved. Smith, twice convicted of complicity In the killing, also is under a death sentence. FOR the first time in its history Rotary International has elected a European as president At the annual convention of the organization in Vienna the delegates selected Sydney tVoodroffe Pscall of London. England, to succeed President Almon E. Roth' of California. Rufus Fisher Chapin of Chicago was re-elected for bls eighteenth term as treasurer. CHILE, through its minister of foreign affairs, has invited the foreign ministers of all the Pan-Amer-ican nations to attend a conference on the existing financial crisis, to seek methods by which their governments may co-operate to prevent a complete commercial and economic breakdown. The United States is Included In the invitation and presumably will be represented by an official observer. The date and place of the conference are not let (A. ISU. Wasters Nswsmmmt UataM

Dwight Davis

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL. |

Th A TTTTW THE \7 DAIRYMAN’S WAGE SET BY QUALITY Strikingly Shown in Records of Minnesota Test Dairymen set their own wages by the kind of taws they keep. This is strikingly shown in facts secured from the 1930 records of dairy herd ItUprovement associations in Scott and Dakota counties. Minnesota. According to County Agent Raymond Aune. the high nerd in the Scott County association made 52.5 cents per hour returns for labor above feed cost, while the average Scott county herd paid Its keeper only 12.5 cents per hour. The average return for all members of the testing association was 42.3 cents per hour. The Dakota county statement, compiled by W. E. Watson, county agent, showed even more striking comparisons. being bused on whole milk prices. The return above feed cost for the high herd In Dakota was 63 cents per hour, as against 8 cents for the average herd of the county. Members of the dairy herd Improvement associations received an average return of 33 cents. In general, these figures check closely with those for the entire state in 1930. For all of Minnesota, a herd averaging 400 pounds of butterfat per cow returned 52 cents above feed cost for each hour of labor spent;, while a 200-pound herd, which is the state average, returned only 17 cents. These figures are based on 40 cent buttetfat. and would have to be reduced by 25 cent to conform with the ipresent 30 cent price, says H. R. Searles, dairy I specialist. University farm. St. ifaul, Minn. Mr. Searles adds fl at low-prodqclng ! rows. tlmse making 1O» to 125 pounds" ( of butterfat, paid only 2 cents per hour above feed cost for labor in 1930. making about $3 for the year. This year. ■ however, the man who wants to work with this kind of cow will have j to pay about 3 cents on hour for the ■ privilege. On 170 hours of labor, the ( average required for a cow. the loss will be about $4. Test for Tuberculosis Reaches New High Mark (Prepared bv th* United State® l»ena;tment I ot Arrleulture t—WNU Service. ( 1 A new high mark in the official testing of cattle for tuberculosis) was reached in March, when 1.325.912 ( tuberculin tests were made by federal. . state, and county veterinarians work- j Ing co-operatively. This' is the largest j number of cattle ever tested in any one, month since the nation-wiile co- j. operative campaign to eradicate this disease began about twelve years ago. j The previous high mark was In October. 1930, when I,"2Wm were tested. . ) j ) According to records of the Unite! , ( States Department of Agriculture, the ( ' state of lowa had 2»*1V22 cattle tested j i during'March, the greatest number of ! any state in that .month. Wisconsin j with 155,1*2 tests was second.' Minnej s<>ta wa< third'with llG.'io. ajnd Illi- r j nois was fourth with 111.069. ! . j j Another feature of the March report j ; watf the large amount of testing in i. some of the eastern states, especially ' in tlie highly infer.ed districts.' There have been many demands front cattle owners in this territory to submit their j herds to the tuberculin test. Additional state funds for indemnity have recently been provided in somei eastern states. “The activities In connection with j tuberculin testing of cattle.” says Dr. A. E. Wight.' in charge of bovine tuberculosis eradication for the: Department of Agriculture, "show plainly that the demand for the work is still increasing.” «• , Grinding Small Grains for Cows Is Right Plan Dairymen have long known that It pays to grind small grains for dairy cows, and experimental evidence supports this procedure. Opinions, however. have differed as to the most profitable degree of fineness to grind such grains and as few feeding trials have hitherto been made with this specific question in mind. G. Bohstedt and F. W. Duffee. together with their associates In the Wisconsin (?°Hege of Agriculture, have in the past year conducted investigations in which the relative feeding value for dairy cows of finely ground barley was compared to j that of medium ground barley. The: preliminary results favor the use of medium ground barley, due to Its greater efficiency in maintaining live | weight and producing milk. Grinding barley medium fine, rather" than fine. I also costs appreciably less. Depend on Pasture During the summer many dairy farmers depend upon pasture alone to produce the milk which is to be sold at a profit A grass pasture furnishes just about enough to maintain the cow. A cow may produce a capacity flow of milk on pasture feed, but the result will be that she Is underfed. In feeding for production a ration must be used that supplies the nutrients required to make the protein. fat. carbohydrates and mineral matter that is found in milk. Value of Legumes Let us not overlook the high value of legume roughage crops for the dairyman. The man who has an abundance of alfalfa or a good quality ofsoybean hay can, with com silage, use his home-grown grains without adding high protein concentrate to them, whereas the man who relies upon low protein roughages must add about 40 per cent of high protein supplements in order to obtain a wellbalanced ration for a high producing uerd of cowa.

SPAIN is settling down to normality under the republican rule, but the -subject i of the status of Cata- ! lonia Is not yet set- ( tied. Alexander Lerroux, minister of foreign affairs, went to 1 Barcelona, center, of > the stormy province. ( the other day to sound I out. the intentions of i ('<il. Francisco Ma< ia and his Catalan fol-

This Specially Designed Hog Bam Assures an Abundance of Sunlight rlh. T I | _ SA' P ivL. to p r 4 ni- in k“X<N3..| X 4 L&I&H kS; TtM b*TT 9

By W. A. RADFORD Mr. WlUl»m a. Rxdtord will a.n»w«r question* and give advice FREE OF COST on all problem* pertaining to the subject of building work on the farm, tor the reader* of thl* paper. On account of hi* wide experience as editor, author and manufacturer, he is, without doubt, .the highest authority on the subject. Address all inquiries to William A. Radford. No. 40t South Dearborn street. Chicago, 111., and only Inclose two-cent stamp for reply. Sunlight Is nature's greatest aid to sanitation. This fact is recognized by all who have made a study of designing houses for sows and their young pigs. Not only does the warmth of the sunlight admitted to the house Insure the small pigs against chills, but the sun also keeps the interior of the hoqse dry and sanitary. These facts were the basis for the design of the hog house shown in. the illustration. The round, gothic-shaped roof permits of numerous roof 'win7 R zf Vs<* < B4nt » »**»*H CC J i.. . 1 L m H i- ■ aMinM. Cross Section of Gothic Roof. (lows, so placed that they will admit sunlight, no matter how high or low j the sun. As the house is placed r > that its length is north and sotF ', the first rays of the morning , strike the lower windows on one sille. 1

Color of Floor May Be Darker Than Wall Tone There is as niuch opportunity to display decorative taste in the coloring of a floor as there is in the treatment of walls, wisidwork.' furniture and drapes, and these opportunities, can be taken advantage of with the many colored floor finishes now available. The theory of interior decorative treatment suggests that the floor be darker in tone than the walls, the idea being that the lower portion of the room should have an appearance of greater solidity than the upper part. , . While the idea of light colors for floors is contrary to theory, probably you have been impressed pleasantly with the beauty of colorful rugs. Gradually we are getting away from the usual dark floor. Perhaps you have a room that has not pleased you. Often a floor is at fault, or, if not at fault, often a change in the color of the room will make the room more attractive. The idea -is worthy of note. In floor finishing, color is but one consideration. The surface must be . prepared for refini'Ling. the proper finish must be used, and then the floor must be given intelligent care. Building New House Is a Lifetime Task Once in the lifetime of most women , comes the moment when she decides , to build or buy a house. That’s the . exact average, as worked out by arch- | itectural experts. . < But because the planning of a home i is an experience that involves much deep feeling, most women fail to give 1 adequate consideration to tbe material <

Rust-Proof Copper Nails Obviate Water Seepage A common cause of early leakage of a wood shingle roof Is rapid corrosion of the nails with which the shingles are fastened. If you use wooden shingles it is much more economical to use copper or brass roofing nails as a protection against this source of rapid deterioration. But there Is no better roof covering than copper, and while you might have said it costs too much, you have seen that It is cheaper because you pay for it only once. It lasts as long as the very foundations of your house. It needs no upkeep, repairs, painting. It is fireproof, 100 per cent. Connected with the ground by the downspout it furnishes a most dependable protection against lightning. A copper roof is economical in construction because it is much the lightest weight roofing material. In addition a copper roof with the beautiful old green protective coating the weather, or the roofing contractor (for It is possible to color copper in 24 hours) quickly gives it, enhance the appear-

and the last rays of the afternoon sun likewise are let ln*c the building. This house Is 24 feet wide and 49 feet long. It Is of frame construction, the rafters for the gothic roof being of built-up pieces of lumber, to get the semicircular shape, as shown in the cross-section of the building shown with the floor plan accompanying this article. The floor (Mans show eight Individual pens on one side of the house and six on the other, all facing a center feed alley. At one corner Is the feedmixing room and bins for feed. Over the feed alley is a carrier track which leads from the feed room to all of the pens. This is a labor-saving convenience and erables one man to care for the sows and the pigs easily and with a saving of much time. Removable pen partitions are, specified in the plans, so that the house may be used as a shelter after the pigs and their mothers have gone to pasture. It will be seen from the photograph that is reproduced that the house was located so that several lots were available for the pigs duringthe summer. Half floors es plank slightly raised from the true concrete floor supply a. place for the deep litter that makes the beds for the small pigs when the weather is cold, and the concrete or metal troughs that are installed in each pen are easily cleaned. A shallow gutter that runs the length of the building at: the front of each row of pens permits the attendant to hose out the peas and keep the house clean ' and sanitary. • This is an unusual type of farrowing house, but it has many features t hat will be recommended to the farmer who a considerable number of pigs, especially so when the sows are bred to farrow in late winter or j early spring.

problem involved. It takes the. aver- j age family ten years to p:jy for their i home, and a very real ’tragedy ensues | when this burden of payment is borne I on behalf of a house that proves un- i satisfactory or has neither beauty, permanence, convenience nor a fair resale value. The first step, sagely suggested by Joseph Pennington, of Collier’s Weekly, ’ is the purchase of a scrap book. In ( this the prospective home owner Is advised to paste pictures of houses she likes, clipped from newspapers and magazines. This will not only help to clarify and visualize her own ideas, < but it will give her architect a bird’seye view of her tastes. The next step is to select the location. and in making this selection, to remember that the character of the sits will strongly Influence the type of house that can be built on it. Jus* as every hat is not becoming to every woman, so not every house is becoming to every piece of land. No reputable architect will suggest possible types of houses without first seeing the site. The size of the lot, the contour of the land, the character of the neighboring houses, and of the sue-! rounding country all influence the type ; of house that can be built. j Brick and Iron Are Home Beauty Points Rough brick, rugged timbers and i wrong't iron seem to have been ac- . corded natural affinity and are widely used for detail treatment as well as actual construction in modern adap tations of perl d houses. Brick panels laid up between timbers in diapered pattern, frequently frame doorways which are hinged with wrought iron butts extending across the face of the door.

ance of any structure. There are. of course, other good roofing materials. But time has proved copper the best, and while others may perform satisfactorily, you know that copper positively will. Rugs Have Hard Usage; Need Care to Last Well Nothing else In the home is subject to such hard usage as the floor coverings. Yet they last for many years and give service and satisfaction — that is, if they are kept clean and free from dirt. Modern carpets, constructed as they are. are perfect storehouses for dirt, and 90 per cent of all house dirt is found in the floor covering or on the floor.. It Is impossible to prevent this condition or to alter it, because dirt naturally gravitates to the floor. Recently a notice was sent out to farmers’ wives from a farm institute saying if time is not available to keep wool! rugs dustless, it is far better to have floors covered with a good grade of inlaid linoleum since such ing Lb not hard to keep clean. z

DWLTRy culling is most IMPORTANT TASK Examine Fowls to See if in Good stealth. Did you ever try to pick, before the event at a fair, a winning team of horses in a pulling contest? If so, yqo may not have selected the winner. Why? Because you probably did not take into account the owner of the team. The' training of the team is as important as the team itself and many times more so. The same principle applies to culling the flocks of hens, writs J. H. Bodwell in the Wisconsin Agriculturist Have you fed them the feed necessary for egg production? Have you kept up their body weight? Examine the birds first and see If they are In good physical condition. If they arg poor In flesh, feed them’ for about ten days on a fattening mash mixed with milk. Then give them a feed that will produce eggs. Eggs are 16 per cent protein and contain most of the building atones, or amino acids Therefore, they must haveofeed that contains all of these building stones In order to produce eggs without causing too great a strain upon their bodies. Did you ever try to grow cucumbers upon soil that was poor in fertility? You found that the vines were very small and a very poor crop resulted. Bnt on this same soil, sufficiently fertilized, vines grew luxuriantly, were a nice, green color and a bountiful crop resulted. Hens that are supplied the proper feed In sufficient quantities will respond similarly. Os course It Is true that hens inherit a certain ability for production, but let’s feed them properly, then cull out only those that have the natural low produafe'on after having given them a chance to perform. High Quality Capons Bring Highest Prices Making canons out of surplus cockerels of the American and heavier breeds has proved a profitable part of the poultry business for a considerable number of poultry keepers. It appears that the number of nigh quality capons that could be .marketed might well be increased without serious risk ■>f an unprofitable lowering of prices. But it is essential that the highest quality he maintained. And the highest quality cannot be maintained if the increasingly common practice of delaying caponizing until the birds are twelve to fifteen weeks old continues. Not only is the question of quality and flavor of Importance, but the death loss and percentage of •tslips” is less when the caponizing is done at a weight of a pound to a pound and a half. Unless the American breed cockerels have reached a pound in weight' by the age of eight or ten weeks it is doubtful if caponizing will pay. Runty cockerels never pay as capons, whether the operation is done at eight weeks or fifteen. Best Turkey Finishing Requires Small Range An old barn or <> shed makes an ideaj place for finishing turkeys for. the market, according to the North Dakota Agricultural college. It is advisable to restrict the range, and when the turkeys are grown under artificial methods they may be successfully finished under moderate confinement if they have enough room for exercise. Corn, is generally considered the best feed for. finishing. Care must be exercised in feeding corn in the fall, especially new. soft or frozen corn. There is a danger of serious digestive troubles and losses may occur where such corn is fed, according to tbe circular. If pcults have been grown on a regular ration, they can bo easily shifted to a finishing ration about four to six weeks before marketing time. A finishing ’ration consisting of 50 pounds of corn. 25 pounds of wheat and 25 pounds of oats Is suggested. Sell the Roosters Roosters sell for Just as good a price at this season of the year as they do later and usually there are more of them to sell for mortality in roosters is heavy during hot weather. If any roosters are to be kept over for the following season, they should be separated from the laying flock. Occasionally it may pay to keep* unusually good males, but generally most roosters are more trouble during the fall and winter than they are worth the following spring. 8 Weight and Yield The Importance of maintaining the weight of the laying pullet is shown by recent experiments at the University of Kentucky. A decrease In body weight was followed approximately a week later by a decline in egg production. Ad increase In body weight was likewise followed at a short interval by an increase in egg production. The same relationship between body weight and production was noticeable In Barred Plymouth Rocks and White Leghorns. Persistent Layers One can safely say that hens which have not started to molt and show absence of yellow color In the shanks and beak are hens which have the character of persistent laying, which is one of the important factors in breeding up the flock for egg production. One should mark these good bens and for use In the breeding pens and then just before the breeding season select the breeding flock from those designated as the most persistent layers.