The Syracuse Journal, Volume 24, Number 1, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 30 April 1931 — Page 2

News Review of Current - Events the World Over The United States Joins Great Britain and France in Recognizing the • New Spanish Republic — Hoover Upsets Coolidge Precedent. By EDWARD W. PICKARD

WITH the United States, Great Britain, France, and 5.0.-ral smaller republics of the world according ’ the Dew government at Madrid, headed by Niceto Alcala Zamora, for ma I recognition. Spain’s republican ex1s t e nee has come promptly into being. The recognition of •he Spanish republic

President Zamora

by the British government served tn clear the way for similar action by the United States. Secretary of State Henry L. Stimnon instructed the American ambassa- ‘ ’ d<»r t<> Spain to advise the republican government of the artion taken by Washington. Recognition by the Unite.!, States was said to have been hastened by the .a.tisi.leration. urged by president Zuniora, theta general recognition of the new government by the great . {towers will tend to strengthen It at hoine and enable it to maintain order. . Although Ambassador Irwin B. * Ijttighlin Is to cont.nue at Madrid for the'time belhff, hl* permanent retention there will depend upon his acceptability to the republican govern nient. There .have been reports that, the ambassador, whq I* a Pittsburgh steel millionaire, has publicly expr< Kse.l a low opinion of the republicans forming the new government.. Tranquillity appears to prevail practically exerywhere in Spain, although banks nr«« und-T guard and a. mob g>n pf prisoner* ha* occurred nt I*.. n . i. .no. t a'ulonia i< t.» remain part of the Spanish republic until the • v.rovim ::i! parliament decide* on some fn'i ro f..r:n of government. The ].?»s isiomil got eminent .an j n’.. :• .-I w..-i!.| recognize all debts of the monarchy. This resulted In j strengthening of stocks' and secure ' ,'ieS . .11 ; ■ ■ ' e. TTIU.HLY Interesting at-this ujne is 11 th.-arnouneement that tl e Soviet . igo.ernn><nt has deeded 'to a<!<jpt a I newt wage s'stem, known asl the I • Khezras. liiot.” wl.i. !; apparently 'l-.ng.-s He g .xern-. enfs p.. hey ami I amplifies the inauguration of piece | work. |t is to go Into effect at on.-e., The . wag. -of w rkers. according to Soviet i nulhorities. will not be based on the Communistic tn»s>f of ispml division, but on the • ap''.i, idea of r> warding Individual efforts on skill and j a dllty. Th* word Kbozraschiot li’erally i lue.ins . "economic accounting.’' it is interpreted in Ute decree to mean that < , f.i.-.-rv, p’ant. cop.e. •;v e . farm, mine, railroad and such henceforth mu<t take the resmmsti ' y of fulfil g o ntra. ts and adjudg wages Without interference from trade tin- | lons. Although certain elements among the disciples «»f 1... vlew the innovation regret! • ■ the government hope* tile system wilt speed jp iiroductlon. Leader* affect t<» S'*e the Kl:<»zras<"biot as tending to eliminate Waste and fix re- »!, . for managers and workers.- —~~ I

E—- — ■ / . I m»- w«*ird by S.- rvtary Stim- Secretary son . after he had Stimsen talked t«» President Hoover was ** follows:

• In view of outbn*ak of banditry In portions of Nicaragua hitherto free from such violence you will advise American citizens that this government cannot undertake general protection of Americans throughout that country with American..foreek To do so would lead to difficulties and comm tno-nts which this government does not propose to undertake. Therefore, the depart merit recommends to all Americans who do not feel secure Under the protection afforded them by the Nicaraguan government through the Nicaraguan National Guard to withdraw from the country. or at least to the coast towns whence they can be protected or.evacuated in case of necessity. Those who remain do so at their own risk and must not expect American force® to be sent inland to their aid." - Six years ago Calvin Coolidge, then President, affirmed in an address in New York what he called the "distinct and binding obligation on the part of self-respecting governments to afford protection to the persons and property of their citizens, wherever they may beThis American doctrine Stimson now amends. American protection, by the new policy, follows American citizens ashore, but not to the interior of rebel-infected Nicaragua. THE federal farm board during the week announced its decision to offer for sale on the European market as rapidly as possible the huge surplus of wheat acquired under the wheat stabilization operations of HGO--81. It has been estimated the surplus of such wheat controlled by the board will be approximately 275.UUu.u00 WMte by Jaiy 1. next.

The board is of the opinion that such sales can be made without depressing domestic wheat prices. The government purchases were made at an average price of about 92 cents a a bushel, and the estimate has been made that the board might suffer a toss as high as 50 per cent in sales on this wheat if made in Europe at the present time. Advice to farmers to store their '-grain on the farm is extended. It will Coat about ■■ one-third of the regular carrying charges, if the w heat is stored on the farm itself. The attempted solution of the problem so far as the board has worked it out appears to be ti.at the board is going tb try to unload its surplus when and where it can, so far as it can without bringing about too great a slump in the market. The farmer is then to be asked to h*lp carry the load of the coming, crop and the boar i will offer him a tentative promise of aid. through cooperatives suggesting an additional Incentive to the farmer to join a cooperative. .lames S. Stone, chairman of the board, announced that the govern- - had aold 7,000.000 bushels of wheat abroad recently at a figure above the world price decrease of superior product. .

High place in the list <»f encouraging comments on the business situation is accorded that of Roger AV. Babson, the trade prophet, .who told President Hoover that better times are on the way. Business, he raid, has turned the corner and now is definitely on the upgrade. “In almost every

Roger W. Babson

■ line of Industry there are some con- : corns which, in March, showed an h»lin earnings ore - February. What is : .a-tan - . they, showed ; an increase for this March over Mat* h i also have fumed the corner, he said. Mr. l.tabsoh has earned the right to be I ’enrd to v hen he ventures the ih ■ of econoruie pr<‘gn<>s- ■ n. Statistics being his daily diet, he ■ the country to observe the j sran<!ies <>f car _'s. These are s-eadily in< re.isit.e They have always been ,of barometrical sigpifilj■\. ' ' ■ , . - ire ’working and shipping, meri chants an- buying and customers are I consuming. • In every key industry sta< i have turned - the comer, . promising I: that entailer fry,, too, are headed out of ; ’I ! .■ I »»-;».-rt.r of .<’>uumerce makes the gratifying disclosi!re that' t’’ir foreign trade last month I for the first time in a considerable' I period evinced an unmistakable' upgrade. If the .American people turn their gaze from rhe ‘‘big hoard" In Wall Street to the bigger opportunities which await them In constructive directions of (.very sort, the upturn foreseen by Mr. Babson will come all. the sooner and all the surer. \f’' 11 ‘■ |ir < i r* s <’ «f ‘financial * ’ * circles, st■>'•khold.efs of the l’nit■ed Stages S’.'el corporation -adopt.-d a proposed pension plan under which ■ James A. Farrell, president, and for several years a leading figure in the steel Industry, would automatically retire oh reaching the age of seventy, or in 1933. Mr. Farrell was a leader of those in favor of the new plan, poirmg out that, the old one had been unsatisfactory. There are others in the great United States Steel <a>rporation who wi I re t;re If the plan is adopted. It provides do fog voluntary retirement, and 70 for compulsory. In this class soon would fall E. J. Bullington, president of Illinois Steel ; Joshua A. Hatfield, president of American Bridge; Ward B. Perley, president of Canadian Steel; J. S. Keefe, president of American Steel & Wire, and E W. Pargny president of American Sheet & Tin Plate. All these are subsidiaries. The retirements would fall between 1933 and 1933. It was i»tinted, out that Mr. Gary as chairman of the board of directors worked at his steel until he died—ten years later than" the proposed retirement plan would require. It may be that some other plan will affect Mr. Farrell—that he. too, may carry on—but the pension plan says 70. Recognition of ZTTjSBB the i m peratlve necessity of solving the problem of unem- ■ ployment is seen in jSfc. the complete reorgan- *■ I rat lon of the United V'w States employment service, with 48 state •' employment bureaus and one in the District of Columbia and * seven special central Secretary divisions established Doak to deal with the prob- * Jems of variouJF-trades, announced by William N. Doak, secretary of labor. John R. Alpine of New York will head the new ‘set-up, which has SBOO,000 of appropriations available for its work. Francis L Jones is to continue as director general, with supervision also over the special mining and quarrying trades division. The Veterans’ placement service will be maintained.

nation-wide in its scope, and the farm employment service will be expanded. “The United States employment service has decided,” Secretary IXiak’s announcement said, “to open up at least one employment bureau in each of the states and the District of Columbia to co-operate with state and local authorities, A co-ordinated service throughout the entire country will undertake in the broadest sense to take care of Interstate labor placements in co-op-eration with employers and employees, giving employers a ready field from which to draw all needed labor necessary to carry forward any kind of work."

WITH more ease than he himself expected Ramsay MacDonald comes safely through the . tempest of a serious parliament ar y setback. Stanley Baldwin’s motion of censure, an open and heraldc-d effort to drive the MacDonald government out of office, was defeated by a majority of 54 votes. Lloyd

Ramsay MacDonald

George, whose Liberal following holds i the balance of power in the house of commons, turned the tide to Mac- ‘ Imnald w hen he denounced the Gon-j servative motion as unfair. Os 58 Liberal votes. .MacDonald received 35. the \ Conservatives only 10, the remainder ; not voting or absent. Quite evidently. Great Britain is In no mood to fail victim to political spellbinding. It knows that none of the political leaders possesses a magic wand that can charm away the dis- ! astrous consequences of the war. The nation must < limb a long and weary trail, and it is prepared to do» so. Doubtless the Indian situation, which has been one <»f the chief cause* for the depression in the British textile industry because of the Indian boycott on British goods, was an important consideration with the Libentls in supporting MacDonald. The recent vote will be a stabilixJng Influence on the economic, as well as the political, situation in the Brit- ; ish empire. —. i A STATEMENT settin_ out the at- - tltude of Newton D. Baker of Cleveland, former secretary of war, toward talk of h!s candidacy for the i Democratic nomination for 'he I’rvM- j dency is accepted by p<diticians as clearing the atnio-phere. Issued by AV. B. Congwer, an Ohio Democratic leader, after a conference with Mr. Baiter, the statement indicate,] that the ex-secretary will not d,> anythin: to obtain the n >miuation. but he will not refuse it should it come to him if the Democratic nation- ■ al convention is unable to agree on any of-the active candidates. During the scramble for delegates to the convention Mr. Baker will not use his influence in behalf of any • The statement also said: "The many kind things said aln*ut Newton D. Baker as a possible Democratic candidate for the Presidency are certainly gratifying to Mr. Baker’s friends and ; t • -n- \ :n. In my < on\er< it ons with Mr. Baker he lets shown very gr- ,t int- rest in tl»e party’s platform* , but no interest in possible candidates, and I do not believe lie has changed his former judgment on the subject. , . < alvt s been that he had no desire for further political preferment of any kind.”

. Fausto Davila

BE L I E F that the revolution in Honduras is relat<*d with operations of the Insurgents under Augustine Sandino in Nicaragua luts gained ground among observers of t’entral American politics. It is pointed out that Gen. Gregorio Ferrera, head of., the revolutionary movement in Honduras, is

to. United States intervention activities, sharing Sandlno's views in this regard. Ferrera was in Mexico a year ago. He is of Indian blood and has a large following among the laborers on the large United States banana plantations of the north coast of Honduras. Dr. Jesus Castro. Honduran charge d’affaires at Mexico City, who recently returned from a visit to Tegucigalpa. said President Mejia Colindres’ refusal to admit- Ferrera into his cabinet was the provable cause of the revolution. He is confident It will fall, as the President has an influential backing and a well-trained armyJulius G. Lay. United States minister in Honduras, reported to the State department that, in his opinion, the revolt would soon "fizzle out.” He said no military or political figures of consequence appear to be connected with it. Fausto is the premier and foreign minister of Honduras, and is considered by sputh American diplomats at Washington as well able to deal with the situation. T> ESITTE the most intense opposltion by Sabbatarians, church leaders, and Sunday observance crusaders. the second reading of the Sunday performances regulation bill, which, in effect, legalizes the Sunday opening of movies and other places of amusement by empowering local authorities to grant licenses, passed in the British house of commons by a vote of 258 to 210. The bill Is a sequel to a recent high court decision declaring the opening of moving picture theaters on Sunday illegal tinder a blue law of 1780. The introduction of the measure by the government was the signal for a vituperative campaign for and against the proposed change. It was revealed by the discussions that 500,000 people attended Sunday movies, and in London alone more than $1,000,000 a year was contributed to hospitals from Sunday movies. UEk mi. Wenera Newspaper L'nloa.r

SYRACUSE JOURNAL.

MY WEATHER AFFECTS POULTRY FEEDING Causes Vitamin A Lack in Ration—Reduces Worms. — Good, feeding of poultry during lean | Income years is fully as important as ; in years of go“d egg and poultry | prices, asserts C. M. Ferguson, extension specialist in poultry for the Ohio ■ State university. "Shifting about of rations because of . dry weather, and dry weather itself, has raised t o problems with which poultrymen ordinarily do not meet, he : says. One is vitamin A deficiency in the ration and the second is the reduction in roundworm infestation. Absence of green feed and the sub- ; stitution of wheat for yellow’ corn In : the poultry ration may bring about j this vitamin deficiency, unless vitamin A is supplied in some other way, ex- ; plains Ferguson. Wheat doesn’t con- j tain it and yellow corn does. Its lack leads to nutritional roup, he says. To make up for this deficiency in the diet Ferguson recommends the feeding of alfalfa and soy bean hay, or alfalfa leaf meal. As much hay can be fed ns the birdswill consume but if the leaf meal is useil aboßt 6 to 8 (►er cent of the ration !is quantity enough, he declares. Koundworms, on account:of the hot. dry weather, are not as numerous as usual, although the weather had little or no effect on tapeworms, Ferguson j says. Before starting treatment for worms he recommends that a poultryman get an absolute diagnosis this year. Treatment for worms is discussed in Ferguson’s latejst bulletin, j Poultry I’arasites and Their Control. which may be obtained from the office of agricultural publications at the university. • ! I Early Poultry Culling Pays Wstl in Two Ways The typical Men. usual y lays tue greatest i;uiuber *<>f eggs in the first or pullet year.,says I’rof. L. M. Hurd <d the New Yorli State College of-Ag-riculture. High-producing hens may-be-profitable kept as layers, for two I or three years, ind as breeders even longer. But evbrj- flock, no matter !o..\vWell bred ft-Is, has some hens in : it that do not pity for tl eir keep. On the typical farm 4<'j per cent of i the birds laying b-twen .June 15 and September j. If the culls are removecLduring th’s period rather than .i, tobe,r about one-and-a-half ; tons of feed will be saved on a flock of L ( W birds, hr about ten cents on | the average for leach bird in the flock. : In additbm. eariy*culling pays because more money is received to the pound, atfordiiig to Professor Hurd. The price of Leghorn fowls is usually higuer during .Jiily ami August than.it Is after the first of October. The average Top tnuce for i be. eight years. 1922 to ■•V.r.t*. «•:>.< June. 25.9 c;. July. 2-'cr Augiistj. 24.1e; September, 21J.Sc; r October, 22c. ■I I I I I I I 1.1 T;H I "I 1 H"H*I !*1 l-I-l-H* Poultry Hints . I 1 I I I l- H-I I i I I M -I-l-j-t I I Uhicks that were brwded in small houses have outgrown their home by summer. - ■ I Geese need protection from the extremely hot sun. If plenty of shade i is available, no housing will be re-1 quired. Many poultrymen fail to realize the amount of harm mites cause poultry, because they are never found on liie binls during the daytime. • • • For egg pnlduction. p ’llets are the money Hunkers in a poultry plant; I bent**, they should receive every attention from the poultry raiser. Fewer mistakes in culling hens will | be made when the flock hits been , properly fed and the hens given a chance to lay* as many eggs as they are capable of producing. • • • Tipping the beaks of pullets is ofteh ; the only remedy for bad outbreaks of cannibalism in confinedl flock* of pullets. Urooked breast bones In chicks are likely to be caused by a ration defl- ; cient in minerals, or a lack of direct sunlight or its substitute, cod liver oil- • • • Re «ure < ’ the old her s and young stock have plenty of ventilation during the summer month*. Open the rear ventilator In the house and take out the windows. • • • Wire netting made of Ifl-guage wire and 1 Ai-inch mesh has been found satisfactory for use between the chicken roost* and the dropping boards. It keeps the chickens off the hoards and catches any eggs laid Iby the birds on the perches. The continuous reeding of a laying mash during the summer not only maintains the egg production during a period when the prices start upward but nnikes possible a higher yearly record of production for the hens which finish the y*ar. A thorough examination of the Interior us the poultry house for mites and bedbugs might reveal legions of these unwelcome gfiests. • >. • Chicks fed unlimited amount* of « complete ration are likely to be in good flesh when ready to be sold a* broilers. Poorly flesh t>irds should get a special fattening ration for about two weeks before selling time. A good mixture consists of 100 pounds of eornm»*at. 50 pounds of ground oatmeal, 60 pounds of middlings, and 30 Don ids of meat scrap.

Bam Provides for Cleanliness of Product and Health of Stock! -' iX - / / I > wl\ ' " I ■ ' < ’EG hH W-\ r-4.J I >■ ■ ii .■' • —-— -j . iij-.-’j ggl|j|! TWfgr ffl ,M rail, al fc # .j, j>_ 7 T Li ’ss —- c | £ 4- H i|bJs A nE?nfh 11 r 1 E 1 f J <| r U t< ! 4 9 h- I LJ.J IH | z 3 i s Iflt't La I vj° I B F fl ( 2 )l ° ~,L i _ L J

By W. A. RADFORD Mr. William A Radford will answer and give advice FREE OF COST on all problems pertaining to the subject of building work on the farm, for. the -eaders of this paper. On account of his wide experience as editor, author and manufacturer, he is. -without doubt, the highest authority on the subject Address all inquiries to VV illiam A. Radford. No. 407 i<puth Dearborn street. Chicago, 111., and only inclose two-cent stamp for reply. So Important is it that milk be produced in. clean barns and by clean animals that 'several of the states have rather stringent laws Qn the subject. For instance, in Michigan no dairyman is allowed to house his cows and horses in the same building unless there is a tight wall between the two stables. The health departments of practically all municipalities inspect and exerci*e_ supervision over the sources of the milk that is supplied to-the consumers. Milk, undoubtedly, is the most easily contaminated of human foods. Milk, too. is the principal article of diet of children, whose delicate bi .lies and digestive a; ;>.r atn- -are especially susceptible to disease germs. For these reasons, as well as for the protection of the community against germs diseases, city health departments pay particular attention to the quality of milk distributed within their limits.' Aside from care in handling milk after it is drawn from the cow—sterilization of containers, immediate cooling to take out the animal heat, and keeping the milk at a low temperature to prevent the ever present bacteria from multiplying—the stable in which the cow is maintained is an important consideration. The stable must be well ventilated; it must have as much sunshine within it as possible, and it must be kept clean, sui that particles of dirt that may permeate the air will not get into the milk paiL It is to secure cleanliness and health for the cows that the modern dairy bam has been designed. This type of barn was not made standard overnight—it is the result of study and experience. But now It Is considered as near ideal as can be. A

Wood House Can Be Made Safe From Fire Making a wood-frame house safe from fire is a problem that has occupied construction conservationists for many years. Despite the fire-hazard inherent in the all-wood house, experts have been reluctant to abandon ihe best parts of it because of the many excellent features it possesses. Among these are ease of erection, adaptability and relative cheapness. The solution finally has been found In what has come to be known as “protected frame construction,” which Is analogous to protected steel construction. The system is simplicity itself. Where a combustible wood sheathing was used over the wood frame an incombustfte sheathing of mineral lumber now is used. On the inside of the frame a rock lath is used as A base for plaster instead of tinder-like wood lath. This protects the wood frame both Inside and out. To stop up and fireprotect the space between the inner and outer covering of the wood frame,

dairy barn of this design is shown in the accompanying illustration.! If the reader will closely study the illustration he will see that .there are almost continuous rows of wintlows in the walls of the stable floor. These windows are of th * proper height to admit sunshine during a greater part of th<J day to the. Utter alleys in the rear of the stalls. Sunshine is a germ killer; also it is a dispeller of moisture. The .greater amount of sunshine. that can be admitted the more sanitary-will be the stable. On tfie ridge of the roof of the barn are suction ventilators. These connect with foul-air shafts that lead from the stable. The action of the air in passing the ventilators creates a vacuum which draws the foul air out of the stable, at the same time drawing in fresh air. The ifloor. plans which accompany the exterior view of the building show how the interior of the bayn is arranged. There are stalls for 43 cows each cow having at the manger a bowl which is constantly filled with fresh water. Cows consume enormous quantities of water by taking small drinks frequently. A cow which is watered three or four times a day is not following her natural inclination ; she wants a little at a time and that often. The stable Is so equipped that the work of caring for the cows may be -done with the smallest possible amount of labor. Overhead both In the feeding alleys and the litter alleys there is a carrier track, on which either the feed truck or litter truck is run. This method of making it easy to remove the litter also promotes cleanliness as the work Is less hard, which means it will be done more often. « The “building itself is of frame construction. set on a concrete foundation. The building has excellent lines, which make it an attractive addition to the farm building group. Adjoining is a silo, wherein Is stored the winter supply of chopped fresh corn v and. corn stalks, while above the stable Is mow space for the roughage the animals will consume during the months they are confined indoors.

an incombustible dry-fill insulating material is installed. Fire-Stopping of Walls an Essential Safeguard One of the most useful safeguards against fire hazards in dwelling construction is the fire-stopping of walls, partitions and floors. Fire tends t<B spread up. ”1- Hollow walls and partitions, hollow spaces back of furring on masonry wall, and even hollov floors offer inviting runways for the rapid communication of fire from cellar to attic and from side to side. The remedy lies in adequate fire-stopping, which will make an all-lumber residence coijsiderably safer against the spread of fire than masonry wall and lumber floor construction without fire stops. Insulation Home builders are fast realizing the value of insulation. The manufacturer of one leading brand of this material says 119.000 homes are protected with bis product.

DAIRY FACTS MHJ< PAIL MUST FIX COW’S WORTH Scale of Values Found in Experiment at Cornell. A dairy cow is worth no more tha» she is able to return in three years above feed, labor and miscellaneous expenses in addition to a reasonableprofit to the owner for his investment, says E. S. Harrison of the NewYork State College of Agriculture. Cost records of a herd of 36 cows used for experimental work at Cornell university show that cows milking between 7,000 and 8.000 pounds of milk, failed by a few dollars to pay feed, labor and other costs. The total cost for each thousand pounds of milk above 8,000 pounds was 5 about $6. When milk is worth $2.00 a hundred pounds this means an increased net return of S2O for 1,000 pounds of milk. The average productive period for replacement in a herd is three years,, according to Mr. Harrison. On this; basis a 9,000 pound cow gives S6O more net profit during the three-year productive period than does an 8.000pound cow. Likewise a lA.OOG-pound cow shows a net return of $420 more, in the three-year pediod, than air 8.000-pound cow. For conditions under which the experimental herd is managed the following prices could be paid for replacement cows, he says. Seven thou-sand-pound cows are unprofitable; air 8.0(>0-pOund cow is worth $90.; a 9.000pound cow is worth $130; a 10.000ponnd -cow is worth $175; an 11,000pound cow is worth $215; and a 15,-000-pound cow is worth $325. Good Managment Is Key to Success in Dairying What ‘is t.he main essential to success Th dairying? The answer would be that it is the same essential that makes for success in any other line of endeavor. Dairying is business ami the first requirement of any business lis just good management. The person- , al factor, is the largest factor in <leI termining not profits. Go to any com--1 mtinity and you will find men who are making money under the same conditions that are failing to keep other then ahead of the sheriff. The only explanation that ran be offered is that some men are good managers and others have little managerial ability. There are the individual cases where men have had sickness or have suffered by fire hut. as a rule, the difference in results Is man made. Dairy fanning requires a little higher type . of management than does general farming and much more than grain farming and the returns are corre- . spnndingly higher. The dairyman manufactures the raw product of his farm into milk ami. in doing this, he utilizes more labor and probably pays out more money for feed than the man who is less specialized. His mistakes. If any. will be costlier. Hard work wil* not suffice to overcome the mistakes of poor judgment. Now. in, the new yegr. is a good time to think on these things, to sum up our activities of the year that is past, to analyze our mistakes and our successes and plan the work of the year ahead in the light of the knowledge gained in the past. Difference in Yields Due to Ways of Feeding Two herds of cows of the same blood lines and breeding returned s74*dilTer- ■ ence in net income ‘per cow for the year, according to Tester Carl Ruby, [ South Dakota. The better herd aver- - aged 372 pounds fat. the other 179. There was a difference of only $-8 per head in feed cost for the year. The good herd returned SIOO per cowabove feed cost. Ruby explained the difference In ■ these two herds largely due to metlii ods of handl'ng. One was careful to feed and water on time and always milked carefully and thoroughly, while the other herd was neglected in the little things which made the difference. Grain on Pasture The pasture, season Is too often welcomed by dairy farmers as a -time ' when grain feeding may be discontinued, says A. C. Ragsdale, chairman of the departrfient of dairy husbandry of the Missouri College of Agriculture. Many also make the mistake of turning their cattle on pasture too early „ In the spring. This reduces the amount of grass for the rest of the season, also this early pasture is so watery and bulky that ft Is impossible for the cow to consume enough of it to supply sufficient nutrients to maintain a high j milk production. Market for Rye | Because of the low price’ of rye, dairy fanners wil) probably find it more profitable to feed their rye direct to the cows, than to sell it for cash and buy hack dairy feeds, says H. R. Searles, dairy specialist of the agrifßil* tural extension . division. University, ] farm. St. Paul. Minn. It must he admitted, Mr. Searles says, that ryle is a rather unpalatable feed for dairy cattle and that large amounts of it may cause digestive dlsI twbances. Soaking Cow Feed Experiments indicate that there !* nothing to be gained by soaking feed for dairy cattle, therefore, vrasted. Plenty of water should be provided for cattle, which will amount to approximately five times the quantity ot milk being produced for cow* in milk. If possible, this should be available at all times. Dry feed is quite as palatable as soaked feed once the cattle are used to It There is no particular harm, however, in wetting the feed If for you prefer to do it that way.