The Syracuse Journal, Volume 23, Number 29, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 13 November 1930 — Page 2

POULTRY FKTSNEW YORK WANTS ITS EGGS WHITE Shippers Will Find It Profitable to Meet Desires. New York city Is particular about its eggs and local shippers sing it profitable to meet the requirements of this market, says Prof. J. C. nuttar of the New York State College of Agriculture. A good case, new white fillers, and white eggs, uniformly graded, give the New York buyer confidence in the quality of the eggs. If a certain brand han a reputation for uniform grading, a buyer may examine a few eggs in one or two cases and buy accordingly. When a patron In a restaurant orders two fried eggs and the waitress brings him one with a light yolk and the other a golden orange, he thinks something is wrong with one or the other and sends them back to the kitchen, even If they are perfectly good eggs, a New York city restaurant buyer recently told Professor Huttar. A light yolk, of one that appears light before the candle. Is tn demand. One class of trade discriminates heavily against an orange or rdd yolk. Yolks appear reddish before the candle If they have been subjected to warm temperature for more than one or two hours. No doubt this Is the way most of the New York state produced eggs got their bad name, says Professor Huttar. Making Poultry Houses Comfortable for Winter It ts Impossible to remodel old-type poultry houses so that they will provide fresh air and at the same time control frost and moisture as satisfactorily as a new. well planned one will do. There are, however, some simple things that can be done for the old poultry Jmuse that will make It much more comfortable It) winter. There is probably nothing that can !>e done to make an old house more comfortable than to put in a straw loft overhead. If the loft Is built straight across Just enough to be out of the way so that it ds not necessary to stoop, overhead will be reduced and a proper temperature can be maintained. The thickness of the layer of straw should be anywhere from 12 to 13 inches after It has settled. Shutter-ventilators are much more reliable for ventilation than muslin curtains and in remodeling a shutterventilator can often be substituted for one sash of an old window, Floor space for birds may be Increased by constructing dropping boards and at the same time sanitary conditions will be greatly Improved. Many common poultry diseases are spread through infected droppings. Too Early Laying Not a Desirable Quality The birds that start to lay early are usually, other things being equatf the best birds In the flock. However, early laying at the expense of body growth and development is not wanted. The early matebed pullets, some of them, will be starting to lay now. but they (bust not be forced. If these pulleti come Into lay normally and are well developed, they may be permitted to lay as they will. If. on the other hand, they come Into lay before having physically developed as they should, an effort should be made to hold them back somewhat until they have developed further.

Poultry Facts OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCXXXXHX) Chicken feed Is « poultry sum. • • • Don’t dope chickens unless necessary. * • Chickens would rather roost outside than In a mite Infested house. • • • The constant culling of the poultry flock Is a most commendable practice. • • •. Poultrymen who have been using lights on their laying flocks should plan to discontinue them about the fleet of April. • • • The typical hen usually lays the greatest number of egga the first, or pullet year, then drops off shout IS to 20 per cent each succeeding year. • • • When the young chickens are raised on clean range, kept In clean houses, and given dean feed and water, it Is seldom necessary to give any kind of poultry remedy. •• • . Legume hay that Is leafy and nf good quality makes a very satisfactory substitute for the succulent green food of summer. ■• • • The heat evidence a poultryman can nse In judging a breeding male before he Is tested Is the production performance of his mother and sisters. •• • . It Is Important that the hay be cut from young. Immature plants that are largely leafy In enntant. It should also he carefully cured go that It will retain Its bright green color. • • •. Alfalfa meal makes a fair substitute for green feed In winter, but it wonld he better to supplement with anme form of succulent green ford, such as sprouted oats, beets, cabbage, or pumpkins. • • • The flock owner who each day during cold heather devotes a few minutes to making the layers comfortable will be well repaid: Make sure that the pullets are scratching in dry Utter, receiving the necessary green feed, and are not forced to drink water from a pall of Ice.

Excellent Type of Dairy Bam for Farmer With Small Herd '~~~ // I |T|! I 5 . g n . —JL ■

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By W. A. RADFORD x . Mr. William A. Radford will answer questions and give advice FREE OF COST on-all problems pertaining to the subject of building work on the farm, for the readers of this paper. Ot> ae. count of his wide experience as editor, author and manufacturer, he Is, without doubt, the highest authority on. the subject. Address nil inquiries to William A. Radford. No. 407 South Dearborn street. Chicago. 111., and only inclose two-cent stamp for reply. Dairy farmers may count themselves fortunate this year in being in that branch of farming. Those farmers who were depending ui>on field crops were unfortunate because of weather conditions, but with the one drawback of the lower production of feed crops, the dairyman hns not been harmed, and the excess in cost of feed will undoubtedly be taken np by an Increase in tiie price of milk through tiie necessarily lower productSoiJ. To get the best results' from a dairy herd a stable or -barn In which it is isisslble to maintain near summer conditions of temperature and ventilation Is necessary. Shown in the illustration is a g»K>d tyi»e of dairy barn. This barn is 36 feet wide and 42 feet long, hut the space has been utilize*) ftj such a manner as to provide stall room for 15 cows nnd jtens for calves, the bull and dry cows. Adjoining at one end is a silo with a feed ristin. The floor plan shown in connection with the iricture of the barn specifies tiie tyi*e of equipment that dairy farmers are finding profitable. There are concrete mangers, steel sanitary

Faucet Seat Damaged if Allowed to Drip The faucet is an Important yet relatively simple |mrt of the plumbing system which Is subjected to considerable abuse because its operation is not understood by a great, many people, according to plumbing contractors. Most of the fancets tn use today are of the compression type. The water is shut off when a rubber or comistsition washer is pressed against the metal seat nf the faucet. Wlteb a faucet leaks it may need a ’ new washer or the seat be wbrn. Much of the trouble with faucet leaks is caused by carelessness in shutting off a faucet, plumbing contractors have found. . When a faucet Is not entirely shut off water passes between the washer and the seat, drop by drop. Water is rarely entirely free of sand or sedimentary matters and the action of the water tends to cut the washer as well as the seat. Tne action of the water on these two parts of the faucet may be compared to a tiny stream trickling through a dike. If not stopped In Public Shows Fondness for Tinted Bathtubs Bathrooms this year will be in gay colors. This is the fashion hint that comes from poston where at the annual convention of the National Asapcintl-m of Master Plumbers the styles In tubs, lavatories, and sinks that will prevail for the next twelve months were shown. Scarcely a white fixture appeared at the greut million dollar plumbing show. Tubs, washstands, dressing tables to match, bi Jets, dental lavatories, towel bars, soap dishes, sinks —all were in colors. And such a variety of colors ! There were tubs in brown, blue and red. Lavatories in green, tan and black. Sinks with their iron sides gayly bedecked in coats of lavender, green, or ivory acid resisting enameL The exhibit was a sea of color offset by the bright flash of chromium and the dull gleam of pipes and tools. The fixtures on display showed the definite trend toward luxury in American bathroom equipment. There Is

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL.

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stall partitions, drinking cups at the stall heads, concrete floor and overhead carrier track for the transportation of feed and Utter and a system of ventilation, which maintains, an even temperature in the stable throughout the winter. Above s is a mow floor for the storage of roughage. Along with the floor plan is an architect’s cross-section which shows the type of materials used, the roof runs, the dimensions of the concrete floor, mangers, stall floors, and the footings which support the building. For the farmer with a comparatively small herd of dairy cows —the size of herd that can be cared for by one man with the equipment shown—this is an excellent type of building. The first cost is not high.

time it will become larger and finally assume dangerous pro|M>rtion& If a faucet Is not shut tight, water will wear tiny channels in the washer and in the sent. While washers may be easily replaced, not all seats are renewable. In some faucets the seat is an Integral part of the faucet and the value of the faucet is destroyed when the seat is cut. Others have various types of seats that are renwable. In faucets, as In everything else. It pays to buy quality merchandise. Faucets made by reputable manufacjurefw are sold exclusively through ’plumbing contractors. Waterproofing of Homes The importance of rendering a building material thoroughly and permanently Immune to water is well known to building engineers everywhere. When It is realized that the exterior of any building must withstand continual action of rainstorms, sleet and snow it Is easy to see the importance of keeping water and weather out. Any building of sound construction can be made -permanently waterproof with a finish of a certain guaranteed stucco. scarcely a limit to the amount of money one may spend today on this room to make it the acme, of luxury and lavish decoration and furnishing. Shingled Roofs 0. K.’d if Properly Put On Want to shingle a roof? Here’re your Instructions: A shingle is sixteen Inches long To make a shingle root tight, each shingle must have several laps. A shingle laid more than five inches to tlje-xleather is almost worthless. From four to four and one-half inches is far better. Laid property, a shingle roof will remain serviceable for several years, despite alarmists who say the shingled roof is no longer profitable. Watch Tin Roofs Watch your tin roofs. The excessive heat and drought are apt to peai off the paint and open up -the seams in the metal. Then when the rain does come it will come right through. Tin roofs need the protection of best grade paint.

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COOLING CREAM IS MOST PROFITABLE Placed in Tank With Running Water Is Best Plan. Cream coded immediately after being separated has a better quality and should bring a higher price than cream which does not receive this tnex|*enslve attention, according to dairy experts of Michigan State college. ('ream is best cooled. in a deep setting cun where the temperature can be kept low. When the next batch of cream is ready for cooling, transfer the cream in the cooling can to the can used for delivering the cream. Each time cream Is added to the delivery can it should be thoroughly stirred. Both cans can be cooled the most easily by setting them in cold, running water. Cream can be kept in good condition by placing a tank, barrel, or tub on the pipe line between the well and the stock watering tank. In this way a water supply ts provided at little expense for piping. The tank for the cream cans should be covered with a roof to keep off the sun’s heat Cold water c*»ols cream much faster than cold,air. In hot weather the can should be covered with a wet blanket while lieing taken loathe station. Well kept cream can he tested for butterfat more easily and accurately than cream poorly conditioned. Highgrade butter cannot be made from low quality cream, ('ream properly cooled will add dollars to the cream check.' Dry Skim Milk for Calf Is Found Satisfactory Sellers of whole milk are always interested In methods of feeding calves for herd replacements. The Ohio station reports a recently completed feeding trial with calves in which dry skim milk was fed lilterally together with other feeds. Four lots of colves were fed as follows: Ix>t 1 received whole milk for five months; Lot 2 received whole milk for a week and a half, then gradually changed to skim milk which was fed until the end of the fifth month; Lot 3 was fed exactly like Lot 2 except that reconstituted dry skim milk was used In place of skim milk; Lot 4 received whole-milk for a week and a half, was then changed to reconstituted dry skim milk fed until the end of the sixth week when a grain mixture containing a high proportion of dry skim miHr was started. This grain mixture was fed until the calves were five months old. The results indicate that satisfactory growth and .economical gains may be bad from feeding as with Lot 4. Adequate Feed for Dry Cows Quite Important It is Just as important to adequately feed tiie good dry cow as to meet the nutrient requirements of the production of good cows in milk. It is easier to properly fit a dry cow for her forthcoming work than to attempt to build up depletions after calving. It is much better for the cow and certainly It is. in the long run. better for the bank account of her owner. The experiences of good dairymen are abuiulant in supporting the value of feeding dry cows adequately. Those who have been neglecting tills Important part of feeding management will find in It a means of Increasing their net Incomes through a more economical use of feeds.

Dairy Facts Oats nnd corn make a good grain ration for calves. -. • * * Dairy cattle selected for exhibit should be well fed. fitted, and taught to lead. Condition and behavior count tremendously In the Judge's estimation. • • • A silo on a live-stock farm may be helpful us a storage place for immature crops in poor crop seasons nnd as a storage for surplus crops in good years. • «r. • . In selecting a hull if the records of his sisters are available they are prac tically as good a measure of his transmitting ability as the records of his own daughters. Beginning with the fall calves It will be a safe plan to keep the calves from the I ?sl In anticipation of the demand for good dairy heifers that will occur about the time those calves will he of producing age. • • • The efforts of the tuberculosis eradication work among farmers Is given credit fwr a 20 per cent decline of tuberculosis In market swine at the large meat-pack'ns centers. « • • The utensils most las dean and as nearly sterile as possible. For this ail pitils, dipiwra. strainers, coolers. etc„ should be rinsed. with cold or lukewarm water, washed thoroughly with hot water, containing s*>me washing pow ler and then scalded with boiling hot water, or steamed or sterilized by using chemicals. • • • It is a mistake to underfeed a milk cow, no matter what the price of butterfat may be, because the more nearly she is fed up to her consumptive ability tiie lower will be her milk produdioa cost. Consutu|di<m of dairy products must be increased or production curtailed to prevent further accumulation of dairy products. Why not utilize m<>re milk and cream on the farm? Ice cream can easily be made, and it will be thoroughly enjoyed because of its delicious flavor.

Control Rodents in Sod Orchards Mice Are Especially Harmful to All Kinds of Fruit Trees. Thousands of fruit trees are girdled every year by mice in New York state. They are especially serious in sod orchards. Through the co operation of the United States bureau of biological survey, the college} of agriculture and the farmers’ co-operative organizations, it is now possible to obtain ready-mixed poison bait to kill the mice. This will be a great convenience for fruit growers, and it is expected that many will use this opportunity to poison mice with so little trouble, says Prof. Joseph Oskamp of Cornell university. The bureau in explaining its experience quotes the following fable: “A man long ago recommended for-a certain ailment a certain salt. Os those who suffered and heard him. HO per cent used the salt. Then he suggested that they dissolve the salt in water whereupon 75 per cent used the salt. He stated proportions, four and a halt ounces- of salt in nine and a third quarts of water and 60 per cent used it. He recommended that the water first be boiled and 30 per cent used it. When he said that the solution should be strained through muslin. 15 per cent used it. He finally indicated distilled water for the solution, and then nobody used it at all. Each modification bad been sound and wise and he was much disappointed. Then he gave his solution a name and made it up himself, and everybody used it." The experience of this man has been much the same as the department's experience with recommending formulas for preparing poison bait to control mice in orchards. Such recommendations have been made for many years, but the proportion of fruit growers who have adopted the methods has remained small, because the formulas were some trouble to prepare. New York orchardists used the ready-mixed cooperatively prepared bait successful ly last year for the first time and results indicate that this year many more orchardists Will use it. The college says that orchardists who are interested in getting a supply of this co-operative poison halt prepared in Idaho, should get In touch with their county agricultural agent Cows or Sheep Return Profit to Good Farmer The question often asked. “Which ■re more profitable, cows or sheep?" has a (great many angles to be considered. The biggest difference tn the profit in handling cows and sheep depends on the number than can be handled by one man. A farm with 20 to 25 cows is usually considered a oneman farm where he does not have many outside Jobs to do. The same man on the right kind of land could handle approximately GUO to 800 sheep A good cow will return above feed costs about SIOO a year. A sheep that produces a good fleece of 8 to 10 pounds and a 60-pound lamb will ap proximately turn the value of the lamb above her feed cost. Use these figures and draw your own conclu sions about the labof, income from dairy cattle and sheep. Traps Painted Green Capture Most Beetles Traps painted green proved most effective in a series of tests conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture to determine if Japanese beetles have color preferences Forty four traps were used in the test, which lasted for 16 days. For every 100 beetles captured in the green traps, traps painted other colors caught I eetles as follows: Brown. 93; yellow. 89; red. 81.; blue. 76; orange. 76; unpainted. 69; white. 65; indigo. 60; black. 52; purple. 50 Four traps were painted each color, and four were left unpainted. During the test each trap was moved to a new spot every other day. so that no color had an advantage over another in respect to location.

EARMIACTSg

Beef cows which calve in the fall should be given some grain during the winter months. • • • One advantage of western or range ewes is ’hat they are not likely to be infested with stomach worms. • • • In nine cases out of ten pure bred Chester Whites or Yorkshires when crossed on Durocs will give white pigs. • • • The soy bean was introduced Into the United States as early as ISM but only in the last ten years have we really begun to appreciate it. Blessed Is the farmer that laboreth at fall (Mowing for he shall have leisure for urgent spring work. •• • x The purchase of western ewes from the range Is a very satisfactory way to start a farm flock. These ewes should be bred to a good ram of tne muiton type, such as a H-mpibire, Shropshire, of Southdown. • • • '—» Farmers who want to start a flock of sheep should consider the advisability of purchasing western or range ewes. The drop in market price of lambs is reflected in the present price of range ewes. Ewes lambing in January or February require more attention than those which lamb in April or May. In cold weather lambs become chilled quickly at birth, and many are lost through neglect. • • • Blackhead will be prevented tn a flock of young turkeys if they are kept entirely separated from mature turkeys and from all other poultry, and from buildings or soil where other stock has been allowed to run.

Wheat or Barley Is Favored for Stock Farmers May Save Money by Using These Grains. (Prepared bv the United States Department of Agriculture.) Farmers whose corn crops are short may save money by substituting wheat or barley, pound for pound, for corn and by feeding these grains in much the same way and in the same combinations as they usually feed com, says tire United States Department of Agriculture. To aid farmers in deciding whether to feed wheat instead of corn, the department has issued Miscellaneous Publication 96-MP, “Feeding Wheat to Live Stock." This publication discusses relative prices of wheat and oth'er' grains, the feeding value of the grains, and wheat rations for cattle, horses, sheep, swine and poultry. When the price of corn is $1 a bushel, the value of wheat for feeding poultry and sheep is about $1.07, and for feeding hogs and beef cattle, $1.12, the department says. For allpurpose feeding, the department points out. a pound of cracked wheat or of cracked barley, or a pound of the two mixed in any proportion, is equal in feeding value to a pound of corn. Copies of Miscellaneous Publication 96-MP may be obtained from the Office of Information, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Find Wilt Resistant Varieties of Alfalfa Wilt resistant alfalfa varieties have been developed which will enable many farms to have the crop that otherwise would not be able to grow it. according to Dr. Benjamin Koehler of tffe University of Illinois. Government investigators and experiment station research workers have made selections from a strain of Turkestan alfalfa that has a high resistance to wilt disease. Apparently the resistant varieties are also hardy. Until there is sufficient seed for farmers to use it in quantitj there are four things that will enable farmers ,o keep the disease from spreading to unaffected fields: 1. Fields should not he replanted to alfalfa after there has beer wilt In the previous crop. 2. Alfalfa should not be cut while It is wet with dew or rain. 3. New fields should be planted «» that water cannot run from wlit infected land to new planting. 4. When a new and an old field are to be cut at about the same time cut the new first, preventing any possibility of carrying the disease tq the new crop. Cottonseed Meal Quite Useful Feed for Stock Recent work by the United States Department of Agriculture, which elaborates and verifies previous studies made by state experiment station.-, should increase the commercial utilization of cottonseed meal. It has been shown that the suppose*] danger of gossypol poisoning from the use of cottonseed cake meal as feed for live stock does not exist. When properly treated and refined, -cottonseed meal is a useful feed, though its protein alone is not adequate for optimum growth and nutrition. This shortcoming. however, may be corrected by the addition of other feeds. In the past, because of its presumed toxicity. muci> cottonseed meal has been used as fertilizer. With a better understanding of the proper use of tills produce in feeding live,stock the demand for I’ should greatly increase. Cottonseed formerly almost wholly wasted, now is worked up into' products having a yearly value estimated at more than $250,000,(MX). Bargain Alfalfa Seed a Big Waste of Money Care is needed in purchasing aifal fa seed. Bargain seed ought to be regarded with suspicion. A year ago there appeared on the market in the United States a new kind of alfalfa, generally called “bargain” alfalfa seed. Because It was ballyhooed over the air. it was also called “Radio” alfalfa seed. In South Dakota alone a total of 62 different samples of the bargain type of seed were tested nt the seed-testing lalmratory of the agronomy department, state college, with the following results: In every one of the 62 samples; sweet clover was found; in 60 samples there was dodder; In 25 there was Johnson grass, and in 5 there was paslum In 41 samples there was found an average of 14 kinds of weed seeds, while in 15 samples there were 24 different kinds. In some samples the sweet clover ran as high as 8 per cent and the purity averaged only 90 per cent or lower. Agricultural Squibs A good system of fanning helps use labor to advantage. « • • Phosphates often help to get a stand of alfalfa or other legumes. ‘ • • • Alfalfa must have a sweet soil, and when sown the first time should be well inoculated. • • * It Is better to buy good seed sold by reliable seed merchants than to pay so dearly for the smooth talk of the "bargain" seed broadcasters. • • * The alfalfa plant roust have the right kind of bacteria associated with its roots If It Is to obtain nitrogen from the air and make a satisfactory growth. / Large amounts of manurial value are lost by piling on the ground, and allowing the moisture to run away. Dally hauling in suitable weather la usually best

It kills pain while it heals; because it penetrates into the wound. If you have Pain in Back, Cold in Head, Cough, Sore Throat, Earache, Piles or know of a wound that will not heal, try ZMO-OIL. If you have never used ZMO-OIL we will gladly mail you a free sample bottle. Write M. R. ZAEGEL CO. 803 New Yoric Ave. SHEBOYGAN. WB. WRITE FOR NEW FREE COPY The Bliss Almanac for 1931 will be sent Free to any reader of this paper. Write Alonzo O. Bliss, Bliss Building, Washington, D. C. MW® Pleasantest Laxative You Ever Enjoyed-—Sold Everywhere. Sunshine —All Winter Long At the Foremost Desert Resort of the West—marvelous climate —warm sunny days—clear starlit nights — dry invigorating air — splendid roads — gorgeous mountain scene- —finest hotels —the ideal winter home. MO-/te Cree A CAeftejr PALM SPRINGS California Bird Choked by Ring While hiking over the Burgoyne trail, Peter Sage of Lee, Mass., says the Boston Globe, came across a young crow in the path which made several efforts to fly without success and appeared exhausted. Sage took it home, but it died in two days. Examination revealed a gold ring around Its neck, which had choked it to death. The ring was completely covered by the feathers. After it had been removed and cleaned the lettering “M. G. H. to L. S, W." was found ‘nside. It is supposed tiie mother bird picked up the ring after it had been lost and when the older bird attempted to feed its young the ring slipped over the young one’s head, eventually causing death by starvation. New Medicine Cabinet Bottle ’ Falue 500 DILLARD’S ASPERGLM TbeßlchtudEuy Way __ , to take Aspirin FaZue HSff Total Value 750 Feen-a-mint is America’s most Popular Laxative. Pleasant, safe, dependable, non-habit forming. Keep it handy in this attractive economical bottle. Aspergum is the new and better way to take aspirin. No bitter tablet to swallow. Effective in smaller doses for every aspirin use. At your druggist’s or HEALTH PRODUCTS CORPORATION 113 North 13th Street Newark, N.J. Explained “Pop, why do they have different priced gas?" t/sked the kid as they j, were leaving tiie filling station. “They have a cheap gas for'those who are still paying for their cars, son, and a better grade for those who have theirs paid for .and can afford to buy it.” —Cincinnati Enquirer. i “Eight years ago before my last baby was bom, 1 started taking Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound. I got such good results that I named , her Catherine Lydia. I have six older children and five grandchildren, too. I am 44, but people tell me I look much younger. I am now taking the Vegetable Compound again because of my age. I eat and sleep better and 1 do all my housework, and my washing. I will do my best to answer letters.” — Mrs. H. DoUwnde, 6318 York Louisiana.