The Syracuse Journal, Volume 23, Number 3, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 15 May 1930 — Page 2

it T r | h|mh I I ' I—New million dollar buildings for the British embassy jin Washington, nearing completion, to be occupied on June 3, the.birthday of King George. 2— Night scene during the conflagration that destroyed hundreds of residences In Nashua, N. H. 3—Herman Bernstein, author and journalist, who is now American minister to Albania.

NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Senate Rejects Nomination of Parker as Supreme Court Justice. By EDWARD W. PICKARD X ’ i IMINATK > \ ’ ■ > ™ Parker :g>fiiortb ( jirvlinn to be assoclat'e, justice of the Supreme.t’euft of the t’hited States was rejected by the ; senate by a.margin <-f two A like event had not ociufred, in M years. > ■ It was' stated In W.i«l • : > President Hoover would seek another . appointee, and the names most, prominently mentioned were those of.<‘hief Justice Fenton Whitlock Booth of the Court of Clalnis; John W. I‘avis, 1 ■ rntlc Pi dent cd 11’24. and Newton I>. Baker <>f <’ho'. . secretary ofwar under President WilSon. Since many < f t.he southern senliters .v<ded nirainst Judge P.ir.or it was rather n for granted by many that atodher Southerner Would M io appointed.; Mr. Hoover is merely Liman. TM-. s. i..:ti-'s action was the climax of t< n d..'y s of kcen di ' ate • • ’tbernit.i-’ ~ l’... ker .s <].■. - •>n in' i lai or ;n- --. Is s, st lid on t i e i < qu> ?: •;> wl.cn he w < a nmiiir.if' for the gouriiorihip \« 1 ro lina ' n I 1 *;., ;. J t:. 111 “t I p.u’lo .on ■of negro in polftics is a -source of evil and ilaag. r t" l oth : ■ ■ Political .< -. . rations and were t. ;■ rs in the result, it vas ns-.,:.<! ti.e Pre ohi.t ly tl»- aP< ;:mnr w .is trying to retain .fdrhis party the .southern votes it re«eived In tl <• hist President 1 al 'hetlot>. Aid. « f course, the rad •al KepubH ~ns- e.ve s t:ti/ Senator Nbfbeck cd South Dakota opposed tie to-mi- , I.• s : hey hnv e d m ariy nil I. t measure*. ”f the 3f» who voted for Judge Parkers cojit rtmii on 29 were Republicai.s nr. I 1” 4 ’em- a rat s. The 11 ... i I ■: Included 17 Republicans. 23 I.'emoirat' and 1 Farmer Lal r member i'ldred for the nomination w»-re five Kepublidins ami 3 I’vmo<r:.ts. while ,pl..r< ac.oiist Were 5 lopllblieans and 3 I’emocrui". Counting pairs. .31. Republicans were liti«-d up f<T Parker while 22 Republicans wore against birr.. There were 13 I'vtijo.r.tts for Parker and 26 against-, him. Since the creation of the Supreme court in 1789, nine men appointed by tire Chief Executive have been oil by the seriate. one of these- John Rdtlcdge of South Carolina—was a nominee for chief' justice. The Inst rejection b fore that < f Judge Parker was that of Wheeler 11. Pevkhatu in Ist’l. PRESIDENT HooVER was credited with a decided victory when the house passed on d .administrative provisions in the tariff bill. By a Vote of I'll to .'3l It <b-fe;.ted a ■ motion to accept the ten ite export detent ure amendment to which Mr. Hoover was so lirmly opposed that its Inclusion probably would have resulted in a veto. Then the house, by a “ vote of I'd to 232, rejected a motion to accept the senate ainend'ments repealing the flexible provisions of -the present law. The ITesident has strongly advocated retention of power in the Ex utive t>> make em'-rg.-.cy ch.mgvs in duties on the recommendation of the tariff commission. Beth house and kenate sent the tariff measure back to conference, and it was expected the senate would Anally yield on both these points. IN CONNECTION with tariff matters it is interesting to read that Premier Maekentie King announced in the Canadian house of commons, that a general election would be held, probably early tn August. In which the nadn taaw will be Cana Mai\ tariff retaliation against the United State's for Impending American tariff increases against Canada. The premier’s announcement, which staggered the house because of Its suddenness, followed a three-hour speech by Richard B. Bennett. Conservative leader, in which Mr, Bennett, denounced the countervailing duties provisions of the Canadian budget and wound up by moving a motion of no confidence in the Mackenzie King administration. Under these countervailing duties the Canadian tariff on 16 major items automatically moves to the level of American imposts against Canada, and the Items consist largely of those now under review by the United States congress for increase. /CONSTERNATION among home brewers follow&d a decision of the Supreme court, written by Justice

Holmes, upholding ‘ th.e seizure and forfeiture cf kegs, bottles., bottle-cap-P<ts, caps and other apparatus sold for use in the production of Illegal beverages. <’ne loophole was, seen by the dealers in these articles. Justice Holmes referring, specifically Io appliances offered for sale purposely to attract persons intending to use.them for the manufacture of ilb gal (irink. Prohibition Coinmlskibner I’o'ran announced he would iustrui't Lis administrators to proce.-d 1 against cbniniercl.il distributors of Brewing apparatus. F> SUOTT MeBRJtHE. general su- • periutendent of the Anti-Saloon f.-re the s-: ,“e bl ’y coin:-? !,•■'. H 3 sai'l tl:i‘. league now h is a def., it. and that the h.idership it formerly possessed has ■ paired t"' the executive committee of the defensive niliatice ' ' : ' ' ' ■■■■■■. Under < to- - exa to. i~t loti .'he te*tified that the league is an active loUtiyy that It stili s>-eks to Influence G-i.-ral. ajt* poiiitinehts by timely recommendations. that it maintains n surveillance" over federal judges ami makes sure that • federal district attorney-, are I k< pt ndy:-'■<]of its desires through the submission < f'-briefs f<»r the. guidance of. the prosecutors in liquor law prosecutions. L'NASPEKATEI’ by the spreading *—/ ri vo'.t of the Nii!iotmli-1< of India, the Brlti-.h governm<-nt decided ir would be bi st ti> put Mahatma Gamlhi u'.-b-r arr<-t. ’l'lie ' holy man " .-was .i-n intii custody suddenly at Jalal- | in 1 oii.oyrl to a jail at Yeroda, near I’oona.'where he was given coin-' • sortable •(xartvrs a: I an ample allow . j_o for hi.s p.i r- mai < xpi ns •<. EnteY.hc was removed to the Purandhar iml.lary -an.t.trinm. Gandhis wife and his lieutenants were prompt to take over the leadership* of. the civil dl*o’>edjen.-e campaign. The news of the malaitma's arrest was i.iriio! swiftly over the peninsula and the Immediate result was renewal of the rii '.ou- demonstrations in..many loi.d.t'i-. The natives h;p! freq tent ’ i I. -!.<•« with the troops :ft(d police ,'Uld there were.numerous casualties, l»istutbat. is were espei hilly violent in Pombay, J’elhi, Calcutta, Chittagong and Eal.ore. it was expect'al a meeting of journalists w-oidd in* held iu Bombay -on May Is to adopt resolutiohs• for a t.iaI tion-w;iih> su'sj»ension of the prCss bej cause of tl:e application of the old censorship law. Several leaders- of the moderates of Indin are in Ix'ttdon carrying on j'e.tce negotiatioi s and it was report' d that Wedgwoi d Benn, secretary of state for India, was willing to give insurance r.f ti e determination of the British government eventually to grant dominion status 'to India.' C'* OED st r inothers to the ntiin1 her of 2,U> sailed from New Turk lon the first of the pilgrimages to the battlefield* of France under the auspices <>f ti e govenimeni and at its expense. These women whose sons died in the World war came from many states. They were given a most hospitable ri'ceptiou by New York ofllckds and organizations, mid then st rti 1 a-ri-" the <•>■'. n on t!.e stemnshi]> America to visit the graves of their boys. TN CARTHAGE, that ancient city hi * north Africa where thousands of Christians were martyrized centuries ago. the 1930 Eucharistic congress of the Roman Catholic church opened last week. Some twenty thousands of the fidthful were there, including many i’4 the highest dignitaries of the church, rope Plus being represented by Cardinal I.eplcier. The ceremonies began. In the old St. Ix>uis cathedral on a hill overlooking the ruins and hovels that now constitute the once mighty city; and some of }he rites during the five days were performed in Tunis, ten miles away. ‘ Among the pilgrims were about a thousand Americans who were quartered on the three steamships on which they traveled. They had considerable time for sightseeing, but were warned not to try to enter the Mohammedan mosques. Earthquake, followed by a tidal wave and conflagration, wiped out Pegu, an Old seaport of Burma. 58 miles north of Rangoon, and also did a lot of damage in the latter city. Tlig total dead Were estimated at (500. of whom two thirds were inhabitants of I’egu- Hundreds of others were injured. A large section of the Indian population in Rangoon connected the disaster with the arrest of M'ahatma Gandhi, leader of India's civil resistance campaign, and police and military forces were diverted from rescue work to quell a riot, in which persons wearing foreign cloth were stripped of their clothing, which was piled on bonfires. About the same time heavy earthquakes occurred in the northwestern

part ,of Persia and it was reported .that 2JXKI persons were killed. The towns of Urumiya. recently re named Rezaieh. and Salmast were destroyed. The former is the reputed birthplace of Zoroaster. . Tornadoes struck in widely scattered sections of Tgxas, killing about seventy persons and demolishiiig many hoiio s; ami there were destructive w indstorms in Gklahoma. Kansas ami Nebraska in which several ■z=pe.r---s nA perished. -■ Fire destroyi‘d a considerable part of the town .of Nashua, N. H, rendeirtng a thousand persons homeless. In Nevv Jersey ami on Long Island and Staten Island forest and brush tires lasting several days did great damage. i - 'Q FPPC’RTERS of the London naval . sJ o-g no: a congressional re- , buff-.wl.cn the house appropriation - the pact'from the report prepared I>y its naval subcommittee for transmittal to the-house with the 's377.’lk».<W mival supply bill? As pr.-: are i by the subcommittee. v\h ••• < hairman is Representative, P.urton l-’remh of Idaho, the report ■ referred to the treaty as a "signal accomplishment'' and "an achievement of it measurable importance" to the 1 signatory nations. In executive ses-’ ■ sioti tiie full appropriation committee ordered all commendatory matter re- : garding the pact stricken out. A* limil-ly presented when the naval bill : vv,a< introduced, the re;>ort contained • i:lv la. tter portin' :.t To the naval bill. < The measure recommends an outlay of .<377.< l * k’.’mm i for m-vv construction 1 and for maintenance of the'naval os- •. '• ■■ I ti.e , r.’.1l tis .:! F year. <>f this sum Ss7.3£k>,'’<'<‘ i< set . a-i !e for new construction work and for im dernlzing the battleships. The I measure repn sent*, an increase of i SI l.'-ol.('.'<> iv, r the naval appropriations f. r the prvM nt fiscal year. It 1 is Sl.7l''.‘'O" below the T.'dl budget 'estimates recommended by .President |. Hoover. Till' senate foreign relations committee arranged to hold open hearir.gs i n the London treaty beginning May 12 with S. ■ ret ary of State Stimson as the first witness. The naval affairs committee of the senate also made its pl.itis for hearings on the pact. Senator I'avid A. Reed, last of the delegates t<> return from London, arrived in Washington and enthusiastj-. rally predicted that the treaty-would be; ratified. Ml SEUMS at.d private owdcts bt w rks of art. in Europe and America, are exercised by the revelation in Paris of wholesale counterfeiting of paintings alleged to be the work of Jean 1 rancois Millet. Corot. Cezanne, Pissaro and Sisley. The swindle was pertetrated by Jean i Charles Millet, grandson of the famous artist, and one Cazeau who made the fake paintings, he admits, in great numbers 'luring the past ten years. Young Millet admits that the bogus paintings brought him immense wealth and fooled all the experts. THE National I.lve Stock Marketing association, the fourth national commodity marketing concern under the auspices of the federal farm board, was organized in Chicago with a capital of $l.'»’o,0oo after Ming approved by rep resent a t.ives| of 17 live stock cooperatives. The Farmers' union and the Central Live Producers’ association declined to join the new corporation. "We believe this setup gives live stock farmers ample opportunity to develop a unified national marketing organization, 4 ” declared Mr. Legge, in turning over the organization to the farm leaders. "The facilities and help of the farm board will be at your disposal and we hope that eventually there will be an increase in the proportion of the nation's live stp,ck marketed through cp-operative channels, which amounts to only 18 per cent at present.” THE Farmers' National Grain cor-poration.-through its president, C. E. Huff, that plans for regional and branch development now under way call for the establishment of five branches of the corporation, at Kansas City. Mo., for southwest territory; St. Paul, Duluth, or Minneapolis for the spring wheat area; Spokane, Wash., or Portland, Ore., for the Pacific northwest, with Henry W. Collins of Pendleton. Ore., as manager ; Buffalo for the mill business and export outlet in the northeast, and St. Lduis or Indianapolis, probably, for the soft wheat territory from Missouri eastward to the seaboard. Mr. Huff explained that these offices are being planned so that they will be in operation beginning with the 1930 harvest, in which the corporation expects to handle a greatly increased 'business. (S. IMS. W«at«ra Newspaper Union.)

THE SVftACrSE JOURNAL.

888 CULL EVERY TWO WEEKS UNTIL FALL — Get Rid of Nonproducers for Poultry Success. ’ ' The success or failure of a poultry enterprise may depend on proper culling. nccor<ling to the poultry department of the New York State College of Agriculture. Poultrymen should <-ull regularly every two weeks, from June to September I‘. but if one culling is to be ninde, wait until September I.' A first-class culler can tell three things about Mach hen he handles: whether she is laying; he-w long site has. or has not, been laying; and what is the rate pf laying. No hens should be kept longer than three years. Close culling limits the number of old hens and raises the average egg production of the flock. The easiest and most satisfactory way to catch liens is to pen off a corner of the house With a piece if chicken wire fencing about 2'» feet long and 5 ft*et wide. Attach the end of the wire to the side wall about 2 feet from a corner and unroll the wire toward the center of the room. This acts as a barrier to drive the hens into the corner. . The end of the w ire can then be brought around to the side wall, rolled up and fastened, leaving enough space for the hens. <>ne per-on remains on the inside to etifeh and hand the birds to the inspector on the outside. Another good way is to build a catching crate with a sliding end and an opening on the top. The end of this crate is placed against a runway hole outside of the building, er in an opening between pen* on the inside. Scatter grain on the floor of the crate, drive a few hens quickly into it, and close tiie sliding door. Each hen is then easily caught and removed. Germ Responsible for ; Blackhead in Turkeys It lias been recently Jearned that if the chicken has been infected with a certain rofindworm. the. worm may carry the germ respon-tjlil.e for blackhead in turkeys. By using the semiconfinement. plan, which consists of placing turkeys on virgin soil, preferably sown to alfalfa ami not inhabited by chickens for at least two years, rhe po'Sihility of infection from chickens will bt' eliminated and turkeys can be raised without the danger of blackhead from this. source. The name blackhead is a very poor one for the disease for there are many diseases in turkeys in which the fiend of the diseased bird turns dark blue or a dark color just before death. Use Infertile Turkey Eggs for Shell Pattern To break u fresh turkey egg for the pattern of the shell would be vandalism, but if an infertile egg is left in the nest, marked with tiie hen's number. it is m«-11 t<> blow it out. string it and keep for a guide, since the turkey hen may steal her nest in a different place next time. No tw;o turkeys lay eggs that are exactly alike. The early clutch is said to, be invariably of a darker tint than tho. • laid later, but the spots are the same. One enthusiastic turkey woman used to cut cardboard eggs and stipple them as nearly as possible like the model as a sort of tnipnesting for her small flock. .;•.y«y <• <• •;« 4- -f <• -J- v v•>"f •) Poultry Notes .j. 4.<-.;. 4..;. 4.4. -y .y.;. 4. ;• -I- -I- -J> •> Early chicks require good brooding accommodations. • • • Hungry hens usually aren't profitable layers. They need a full feed <’f grain in the afternoon t<> last them through the long winter night. • • • Chicks need exercise. I’ieces of potato. mangel, cabbage or meat tied to strings hanging within reach of the chicks will often keep them from picking e:: h other’s toes. • • • During the la-t thirty years the hen has risen from merely a side issue t«> become a basic part of our agricultural wealth. • • • Many men on the farm' ha vat taken over the farm poultry 11 their wives have demonstrateoMhat it is a paying proposition. • • • Clean, healthy young stock is ti.e Tsey to success in poultry management. Breeding, for instance, can be purchased, but sanitation must be lived, practiced, and continued. • • • Cod liver oil is usually fed to adult bi nN in the proportion of one qqgrt to 100 pound* of mash and for chicks one pint to 100 pounds of mash. •' • • Clean chicks, clean soil, clean feed and dean management work wonders in raising thrifty young birds and insuring their future as. laying hens. • • • When breeding stock or chicks are purchased, be sure that they have been produced by flocks which show outstanding vigor and give evidence of good health. • • • All male and female birds which are used for breeding purposes should be well developed and fully matured; they should be strong, vigorous, active, and show every other evidence of good health. • • • Any pleasing change in the feed stimulates the fowls. The use of animal protein, such as meat scraps, tankage or some forin of milk, not only stimulates the fowls on account of the pleasant change in ration, but also on account of the added protein which is necessary I® the production of eggs. _

Design for Poultry House That Will Provide Proper Housing for Flock ■ -.. ■oo.ojqMbL fl . __ fIDJUSTA&LEXSr* 11, i?EN t ".ATORt r • ? c I ' ~T IT tl — —~l • 1 i x I ? i?O i- R 9°y » u of fear J L! <ib| - X- s —l 1 — Feedßox i la’-o’ W? -g & Cross Oectio n OrPou ltry House 1 _i ‘ «JuxWu»» ’ ? ! OmmYaod ; ' nvNVaro : .'I; IC2"”' HF J IX i-o r-

fey W. A. RADFORD Mr W.ifliarn A Radford will answer questions and give advice ' EREE OF COST on all problems pertaining to the subject of building work on the farm, for; the readers of this paper, On account of his wide experience as editor, author and manufacturer, he 'is, without doubt, the highest authority on the Subjettg Address .a 11 inquiries: to William A. R.\dtord. No. 407 South Dearborn Street, Chicago. 111., ami only inclose two-cent stamp for reply. The accprnpanyiijg design is for a house l for a farm on which poultry is reciictii.zvd as an imp<>rtat,H source of the farm income. It is practical and modern in every why. One of rhe tirs’t principles of successful poultry raising is to have plenty of fresh' stir for. the flock. This house can be entirely ripened on the' south side. The east, west and north • sideS are built to keep out all drafts, dropsiiiing am) tstrred paper being' used to make a tight wall. The days of the tinventilajed poultry house are past for the; tip-toplate farmer. The modern house, with plenty of fresh air. is-a sure preventive of roup ami the many ; other diseases that breed \in the ohl type of henhouse. Cffhe Scratch room is-located along thb. front- of tiie house, so that the chickens, get tire benefit iff the sunlight Yvh.ile feeding. The roosts are placed along the' back wall, well reumved from the front; opening so that there is no draft in the roosting quarters. The .nest alley back of. the roosts makes it easx to gather the. eggs; and it is an ad vantage to have the roosts moved nwav from the \vall. for warmth am! to give less surface for the- harboring of mites. ■ ■ The ladder at the front of the roosts makes it possible for the heavier breeds of poultry and tiie young Attractive Nook for Breakfast Described In this age ot continual rush, especially at the breakfast hour, a small corner attractively arranged will do more to start the day right for the overworked business man who often eat* his first meal of the day in the solitary state. What is more depressing than a big 'irni.ng rbom with himself as the sole occupant? In the breakfast nook, t»uilt along Spanish lines, there is a .smaH alcove off of the ,«un porch. It has brown beams—in fact, a continuation of the ones in the dining room and hall. The spaces between are a greenish yellow phister. Across one end there is a built-in seat stained green and nphoß stered In yellow fabrikoid. Yhere is a narrow refectory-type table in brown stained wood and a chair to match. You see. provisions are made for the rest of. the family to join father, bur the head of the house often prefers solitude. A casement window about fills the end of the alcove. It has quaint inside shutters, also stained green. Between them there is a box-pleated valance of the yellow fabrikoid. The window panes are leaded triangles. In summer time a vine drapes itself around them. Several Italian pottery Horizontal Lines Should Be Avoided In small homes it is best to'avoid too many strong horizontal lines. make rooms appear squatty and boxlike. What you are trying to achieve in home furnishing is intimacy and at the sank’ time spaciousness. By choosing curtains, draperies and wall coverings with modest, perpendicular designs you can increase the apparent height of your rooms. Look out for wall papers with strong diagonal pattern. They produce lines that are not in harmony witlf the direction and purpose of your walls. Doors of Beauty for the Smaller Houses Small homes, even those costing SlO- - and under, may be enriched with doors of a beauty formerly restricted to the mansion. These doors have the slender ribbon grain of the most expensive hardwoods. They are offered 'ln totally new designs, including prize styles created by architects in'a

HefEmzuLE-x A AX . A Y/rn '/v r l<J • ■ n .. rhrOlDEtLtV. fRCNItcXV- -ritT I aJS Details ( j Os x ' Ne ST A LL T ! . 'ZU I.Q it V 7 ■ M stock to get onto the roosts, It also allows them to get off the roosts in tiie' morning without jumping -to the hard floor. Every one who has had experience with poultry is acquainted with the troubles from sore feet tint Aery frequently result from jifmpinq off high roosts to a hard floor. As [long as the liens are actually .siifflring from injury, their efficiency wi/l-be seriously interfered with. It is true that they lay best it obliged to take .sotne exercise in scratching for their feed, hut they'must be kept- from all danger of positive injury and-serious 'liscomfort. The large feed room completes thg equipment. The floor anil foundation are iif concrete, making the house ratproof and more sanitary. When a concrete floor is used, it is necessary to provide plenty of bedding. It adds to' the comfort of tjie flock, especially in cohj weather. This is an attraqfive house in external appearance, and of a design that will fit in well with the rest of the buildings of almost any modern farm group. flower holders are on the wails and also a - sniall electric clock, which stands on a corner cupboard painted a bright yellbw. The floor of the ideal nook is made of multi-colored tiles, six-sided ones that are colorful. On the sun porch there fs a wee fountain that trickles merrily, and at night, it has an illuminative feature that the guests enjoy, especially whenYhe other lights are turned off. « Breakfast china for the home is so reasonably priced that frequent changes may be made as an enticing lure to the man who has little appetite. Physicians and nurses are realizing wfi'at a good influence on the body and mind that pleasing atmosphere has. These authorities, on health tell housewives to make their home gay. teach the children to be happy and be gay. themselves. Bath, Kitchen Are Most Neglected Home Units Too often in planning a home the bathroom and kitchen are neglected. Yet thes£ rooms, almost more than any other places, should possess an air of refinement and sanitation which will leave its impress upon everyone who enters them. tion-wide competition which was held recently. Built of selected Philippine hardwood beautifully matched, they come complete, ready to finish. Because of a special method of construction they are guaranteed not to shrink or warp. Cost compares favorably with that of common domestic hardwoods. They are made in single and multi-panel models and in flush models plain or in modem motif. Square or round heads, with or without lights, stiles and rails are built up on cores of stress neutralizing blocks, welded to rigid edge braces and faced with flawless layers of wood. An absolutely waterproof cement tn used In construction. The Claim is made that once properly hung one of these doors never needs to be refitted or planed down. Underground Garage Five floors of garage space underground will be a revolutionary feature of a new skyscraper projected in New York's crowded midtown retail rw.l theater district ' ’

[RY, FEEDING AND CARE OF DAIRY CATTLE Pa.vs to Feed'Gdod Cow Liberally and Individually. “Feeding and Care of Dairy. Cifttle” is the subject of a new bulletin just published for distribution to interested dairymen and farmers by the Colorado Agricultural College Extension service. Tiie • bulletin was written by B. AV. Fairbanks, associate, professor of animal husbandry. and C. A, Smith, extension dairyman at the college. ' Under the heading, “Feeding f<?r .Milk Production.” it is emphasized in the pamphlet that it pays to feed a good dairy cow liberally, to feed ct*ws individually, to make good use of roughages, to feed suceulept feeds, to feed feeds "that are palatable, to, feed a variety, of feeds and supply plenty of fresh, pure water. Other main divisions of the bulletin include such phases .of feeding and care of dairy cattie as principles of dairy-cow nutrition, feeds for dairy cows, nitrogenous concentrates, nitrogenous roughages.carbonaceous roughages. succulent feeds, pastures, ready-’ mixed commercial feeds, summer feeding of dairy cows, .feeding imd management of cows on official test.- raising the dftiry calf on skim milk and on skim milk substitutes, growing out the dairy heifer, case and™ management of the dairy bull and selecting the grain ration for tiie. dairy cow. Several different grain rations are outlined. Vitamine content of various ■feeds is shown, together with a table . showing tiie cost of 100' pounds of digestible protein. Anyone desiring a free copy of this bulletin may oh-' tain it by writing to the extension service of the college. Contamination of Milk Quite Easy to Prevent From the act of milking, as well as from, any subseqiient handling, milk may become contaminated. If the uitiler and flanks of lite cow are covered with dirt front yard- or stable, life process of milking will dislodge a greater or less amount of this filth, causing it -to fall into'the nfllk pail. I'verytiiing that ci'ines into contact with the milk, such as pails, strainers, cahs. etc., may be a source of trofible if not kept clean and dry. Milking with wet hands always results in cont.imination of the milk and should not be practiced. The flanks and udders of,the cows carefully wiped ' with a damp cloth before milking in ordet; to remove, dust and dirt which would otherwise/ fall into the milk. The cows shpnkl not be groomgd, bedded or feil. just prior to milking.be<- ’Use by so doing the air becomes laden with dust, which'-gets into tiie taiik. Shade Is Important for Dairy Cows on Hot Days Dairy cowsrmay suffer; during the hot summer 'lays if no shade ‘is prov ided. When pasture is abumlant, it is the nature Os cattle to feed during the cool part of the day or at night and to lie. in the shade during the hpt part of the day. therefore every permanent pasture should have enough shade to aeconinmdate Its cattle. • Various trees -may be plghted for this purpose. They must M protected, at .all times so that live stock can--not tramp closer than five to six feet from the trees or they may be killed. Four posts shyitld be set and a fence built about each tree. They shoul'i tie planted on land which has good surface drainage so that mudholes will not- be found during rainy weather.Cows should not be salted, under such tree*. Shade trees on too high land dr tn a wire fence may invite loss from lightning. Producing Cow in Need of a Grain Supplement Should grain he fed to dairy cows oh pasture? Since spring and summer grass is relatively low in nutrients. a cow producing 25 to 30 pounds of initk pgr day must eat about 150 to 300 pounds of grass to get enough her daily requirements. Since this is practically impossible, a grain supplement must be given. For cows producing 30 to 35 pounds of rhilk per day. a mixture of the ordinary farm grains, such as oats. corn, wheat bran, and barley fed at the rate of 1 pound of grain to 4 to (5 pounds of milk produced per day will be sufficient. For cows producing more than 35 pounds of milk per day, the ration should contain one high protein concentrate. Digestibility of F?ed Experiments with dairy cows which have been conducted by the Ohio experiment station indicates that most of the dairy rations are not as digestible as generally considered. Rations which were low in protein seemed to depress the digestibility more than rations which had a higher protein content. However, there was considerable variation in rations that had similar amounts of protein. Low digestibility did not always indicate reduced efficiency in tiie ration. Cause of Failurp On every dairy farm where, the dairyman and his family work long hours each day with little Or no profit from their labor, there is some chief cause for their failure to get ahead. The most outstanding cause of poverty on our dairy farms today is wrong feeding which results in thin cows. No matter whether the cows are thin because they are underfed or because they are not given the right kind of feed, they cannot make much profit tor their owners.