The Syracuse Journal, Volume 22, Number 51, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 17 April 1930 — Page 2

MiSME? ■■■ WiHM ¥• Lxtlpß p (jj * " ' - -/‘.A**«r-- BBL.W * V s * I_-The Beeches,” In Northampton. Mass., purchased hr ex-Presfdent Coolidge for his residence. 2—IT. S. S. California, flagship of the battle fleet, passing through the Panama canal on the way to maneuvers at Guantanamo. 3- Has Tnffari. who has proclaimed himself emperor of Abyssinia, following the defeat of the rebels and the death of Empress Zaudltu.

NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Illinois Republicans Name Ruth Hanna McCormick For U. S. Senator. By EDWARD W. PICKARD Rl TH HANNA MeCOKMH'K. daughter of one former United .States senator and widow of another.; mav be the first woman to be elected a member of high<-t deliberall'c b«d> In tin; land- Her nomination for this leans -of Illinois was nn event, of national .lim . porianee. and it also has im.ermitmmil [ Implications for (he thief D-ne she raised in her .pritmtrj campaign was American adherence to the World court, which slm unreservedly opposes. Sen ator Charles S, I'em-en. whose seat wa< the iT./c in the contest, favors »uch adherence with the reservations . now pending, and Ids decisive defeat j must be taken to Indicate that the * . ];.'publican voters <>( Illinois stand with Mrs. McCormick in this matter, This may Hot be true of Chicago, where the fight was complicated and probably-de* ided by party ■ factional St rife. ■ . If Mrs. McCormick is to be elected she, must defeat at the poll*- that former Illinois senator ami seasoned political campaigner. Col. James Hamilton Lewis, who easily won the Demo< ratio nomination. The colonel Is an ttVoWed wet mid says he will make, his campaign largely upon the liquor Hsue, with attacks on the Hoover administration and the Hoover policies I thrown in for good measure, \ Mrs. , McCormick Ims supported the Eight- * »*»-nth amendment and the XoNtead nit,and may expect the hearty support of the various dry organizations. Aside from personalities ami issues, the victory of Mark Hanna s daughter ■ ’ls notable as "the first - conspicuous - and unequivocal’ acknowledgement of the full ImpMcatlon of the Nineteenth amendment,” in the words of the Chicago Tribune. As such It aroused the enthusiasm of the nation’s women ami the int’ewst of every one. Mrs. MiCortnb k Is now a congressman nt large, and among the first to. congratulate her were the other six women who are members of the lower' Imus.-, No woman ever has been elected to tile senate though .Mrs. Fel"*s*ston of <leorg. i served f>.r two days in .1922 by gubernatorial appointment. Ilej>ort» that, unduly large sums were s;>ent in the Illinois Republican .seimteriiil primary e.impaim . 'may be Invest: gated by the s-aye. Some weeks ago Senator Norris of Nebraskaintroduced it resolution for lite creation- of a special campaign fund In- / qttiry committee for this veaf, and it I was unanimously, approved last week |.y the committee ell privileges. T oI’BYING activities of. tie Methodist I - ' pndib bition rind public morals were the subject of a warm interchange of opinions before the senate committee on lobbies Congressman Tinkham of Massachusetts appeared before the committee to. ask that the political * doings of the board be invostigiiGT. and he supported his ease with much documentary evidence as well as with vigorous argument. Senator Walsh of Montana, altliough a Catholic, came t 0 the defense of the Methodist organization. Tinkham. it may be unnecessary to say. is a wet and Walsh is a dry. Tinkham next day presented a Rar case against the Federal Council of Churches arid the Anti-Saloon league, and the committee decided to call for the books and records of the three organisations. The lobby committee, which had heart! Jtdrfi J. Raskob, chairman of the iWmoeralic national committee, defend his liberal gifts of money to the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment, also heard Josephus Daniels njid other dry I>emocrats attack the motives ,of Mr. Raskfib and condemn him for “giving money to elect wet Republicans and defeat dry Itemocrats." Many of Raskob’s assailants demand that he resign his chairmanship, but he has shown no sign of Intending to do so. FINDING the adoption of a complete fire-power treaty Impossible at this time, the naval parley delegatee in London decided to quit after signing a pact, the outlines of which were stated as follows: » A five-power agreement between Great Britain, America. Japan. France and Italy on the following terms: 1. Ib'stponement for five years of replacement of capital ships scheduled by the Washington treaty in 1922. 2. Extension of the aircraft carrier

category to include carriers not ’exceeding lo.poo tons, the armament of which shall be limited to six inch s> ' guns. • - ■ -fl. Definition of coast guard and other small ships exempt from limitation. 4. Classification' of warships and methods for pernuineut limitation by global and category tionnage. A tlve-p<>wer agrtHuiient nrohibiting < the destruction if>f merchant ships by sulitqarims, unless the passengersand crew of the captured craft are placed in safety. ; ' / ' .-< ■ ‘. .y three-power agreement between Anicpiii. (treat Britain’ and Japan on the lines previously given in these e..lunnis. providing for reduction of battleship fleets and limitation of cruisers, destroyers and submarines us in the Reed-.Matsudaira plan. : Th s .entire progrem vvas- announced 1 by Secretary Stimson with the full j ;,ppro\.;l of ti e other delegates and I was nnm.un.oV7 in parliament by e . Minister! M-e Donald. Mean? 1 ml Erem h foreign minister; S and I >iie>‘Hr.iiidi. chief of the Italian ’ (leiegatlon. had had a conference ami - agreed that their > ation* could not ! vet reac’h an accord in the' matter of. 1 navies, but Hint further discussions should take place in Geneva when th® League of Nations niects irt May. M. Briand later explained that France ready to pledge not to construct any capital ships during the interim until ll'.’ti. unless (.ertnany, through building additional units- of the Ersatz Trvius'sen ’tv pe. forces her to do so. If was understood the proposed treaty and instruments would be ready for signing by April 17 and that the American delegation would sail f<<r home April 22 on the Leviathan. President hoover delivered j * two mldres-es bn April A At noon lie piirHci]>ated In world-wide exercise® held In honor of the eightieth birthday of Dr. William Henry Welch of Johns Hopkins university.-“dean of American medicine” and internationally known scientist. In honoring Doctor Welch at impressive cere-' monies In Memorial Continental hall • President Hoover referred to the aged scientist as "America’s greatest statesman In the field of public health." In the evening the President, addressed the American Society of Mechanical Engineers at Its fiftieth annlversary. -urging Hie-.introduction ©f more engineering .science and more engineers In the solution of governmental problems. The oftieials of the . society presented to him the Hoover gold medal, founded “to commemorate the civic and humanitarian achievements of Herbert Hoover.’’ and to be awarded hereafter for distinguished public service® rendered by members of the engineering profession. - — TAi:v law violations and prosecution® are increasing the popul.iH»n of He federal prisons at the rate of one every ftS minutes, according to statistics issued by the I»epartment of Justice. Between June 30,. and April 1. It'ki. of federal prisoner® both In Tederal penal institutions and local Jails, mounted from . to 25.628, an Increase of fl '-‘77 in nine months. Approximately 75 per cent of the Im rease. according to the I*epartment of Justice estimates, was due to convictions under the Volstead ami Jones laws. Attorney General Mitchell has filed In the Supreme court a brief, to be qsed when the case of James E. I'arrer of Boston Is reached, which is desi :ned to bring a decision aS to whether the liquor buyer Is equally 'guilty with the seller. The Federal that the purchase of liquor from a bootlegger Was not “prohibited by the Volstead act" and dismissed the indictment against Farcer. The attorney general argues that the failure of congress to specify that purchases from a bootlegger should l>e an offense should not be construed by the cimris ns meaning th.-it congress did not Intend to make such purchases an offense. THE administration of the $20,000.000 Farmers’ National Grain corporation. the first national co-opera-tive set up by the federal farm board, was turned over at a meeting in Chicago to stockholders representing 21 regional farmers’ grain marketing associations. Nineteen farmer stockholders were named on the new board of directors of the grain sales co-operative, which lakes the place of the original board which Incorporated the organization. Two >< these original directors were dropped—P. A. I-ee, Grand Forks, N. D.. and H. G. Keeney, Omaha, Neb. The five new directors added are: E. EL Kennedy, Kankakee, 111., Farmers’ Union; C. B. Steward, Omaha, ■ Neb.. Farmers’ West Central Grain cooperative ; Oscar Slosser, Astoria, Ohio,

Ohio Farmers’ Grain and Supply association; F. J. Wilmer. Rosalia. Wash., president North Pacific Grain Growers' association, and W, J. Kuhrt, Minneapolis, Northwest Grain association. ’ C. E. Huff. Salina. Kan., was elected j president; John Manley. Enid, Okla., vice president, and Lawrence Farlow, Bloomington, 111., secretary. MVHATMA GANDHI'S campaign 1 against the British government in India was not going quite to his liking, although the movement was spreading in various districts. 'I he trouble is that the refrained front martyrizing him personally. Two of the ascetic bhrd’ers’ sons and numerous otlters were arrested for 1 violating the government salt monop- I oly. laws, and one of the sons was promptly sentenced to prison. But Gandhi, up the time of writing, had in>t been taken into custody. An- I fioyed by the tactics of the British authorities, who were seizing the illicit salt the Nationalists were making from sea water. Gandhi so far abandoned bis 'non-resistance policyas to advise his followers to hang ont<> the salt if possible. The Indian women are taking an increasingly prominent part in the passive resistance campaign. —7 TROUBLES for the Chinese Nationalist, government are multiplying. Not only is there open warfare between it and Gen. Yen Hsi-shan, ruler of Shansi province, but now the rapid growth of Communism in the southern provinces is causing great alarm. Wealthy Cantonese merchants and bankers are co-operating with the government of Canton .in raising fund and equipping a “Chinese AntiRed army” w hich is to be-trained by foreign military tacticians. Fighting between the Communists and the government. forces lias been reported. The latter have taken possession of northern Kwantung. and southern Klangsi and are organizing a Soviet government.. RAS TAFFARI, who became coruler of Abyssinia in IP2S, has proclaimed himself emperor. This action is the sequel of the crushing defeat of revolting tribes,-the killing in battle of Ras Gugas Wall and the death next day of the. Empress Zauditu. Wife of Ra® Gugas. - . CALVIN COOLIDGE has completed two sections of the 500-word history of the-United States which is to be Inscribed on Mount Rushmore in the Black Hills, and they have been mad* public. They are as follows: "In tlie year of our Lord, 1776. tile people declare.! the eternal right to seek happiness, self-government, and | the Divine duty to defend that right . at any sacrifice. "In 1757. assembled In convention. | they made a charter of perpetual j union of free people' of sovereign , states, .establishing a government of ; limited powers, under an independent President. congress. and court, charged t« provide securities for all citizens In th.-ir enjoyment of liberty, vquiility. and "Justice.” The other sections w ill d.-al w ith ex- I pansion qf American territorial;dominion westward, the Louisiana purchase, the admission of Texas, the admission of California, Hie settlement of bound- . ary questions with England and Oregon and the cutting of the Panama, canal. MAY day was proclaimed as Child Health day by President Hoover, with the reminder that "we shall fall short of our highest aspirations if we fail to practice all that science can give in sen Ice of our funda- j mental asset—our children.” The President called upon ail people and all agencies interested in boys i and girls “to assist every, reasonable j effort of their communities to make this a day for organizing and co-ordl-nating interest in child health.” ONE hundred wars ago, on April 10. 1830. eighty-one frontiersmen with a train of covered wagons set out from St, Louis to blaze a trail to and across the Rockies. So, on Thursday of last week, another band of men with ten covered wagons borrowed from historical societies and collectors started from the satne place on the route to Oregon. This was the beginning of a series of events arranged to celebrate the Covered Wagon centennial. There will be festive gatherings all along the Oregon trail and the whole affair will last until December 29 in accordance with a proclamation by President Hoover. HOG ISLAND, which during the war was the biggest ship yard in the world, has been sold by the government to Philadelphia and will be transformed into the largest alr-ma-rine-rall terminus in the country. The Quaker city pays Unde Sam $3,000,000 for a total area of 946 acres. (£llU®. WMtsra N«w«pap«r Union.) . . ■■ ■ •

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL,

.DAIRY.. SOUR MILK COSTS FARMERS DOLLARS Usually Result of Carelessness, Says Expert. Sour milk costs producers thousands of dollars a year, and usually is caused by using unclean utensils or failing to cool the milk properly, says Prof. L. IL Burgwald of the department of dairy technology of the Ohio L State university. “A little care on the I part of Hie farmer would avoid this loss.’’ says Professor Burgwald. I “Milk is an ideal medium for the j growth of bacteria. All that the bacteria require when introduced into the I milk, is the proper temperature, and I they will multiply very rapidly.- In growing they break, down the milk sugar in the milk and convert it into lactic acid which in turn the milk. But the bacteria will grow very slowly, if nt all, at h temperature beI low 50 degrees Fahrenheit. I "Milk coming from the normally i t healthy cow is practically free from f bacteria, so when large numbers of j l bacteria are found it means either I ! that they have been introduced after • i milking, through the use of unclean I .utensils, or that the milk has not 1 1 been promptly and properly cooled, i ! and the bacteria have multiplied very i rapidly. j “The public Judges the quality of ’ . Hie milk by the Length of time which i , it will keep sweet. The milk plant i lias to use some Which w ill de- : termine in advance how long the milk w ill keep sweet. This test takes , the form of a bacteria Count under a compound mjcroscope, an alcohol test, or a methylene him* test. The blue color , of the mj.ik caused by the addition oF i methylene blue dye, disappears moreor less quickly, according to the-num-ber of bacteria prosent. The miscroseopic test, however, an actual count I. of the bacteria present, is the one : 5 most commonly used." Feeding Calves Three Times a Day Is Favored , Best results can be obtained by i l feeding calves three times a day, with I the periods between feedings as near- | ly equal as possible. When calves are : fed but twice a day the feedings should be 12 hours apart. A calf I weighing 50 pounds at birth should I be given eight pounds of whole milk 1 a day, while a 100-pound calf should j have about twelve pounds. The amount of milk should be gradually increased until at the end of the second week the calf should get from - 14 to 16 pounds per day. At the be- i ginning of the third week either skim or separated milk may be given for i whole ,milk, at Hie rate of one pound : per day, and the daily ration increased from two to four pounds, de- j pending on the vigor of the calf. If the calf does not drink eagerly when , mpk is offered, the quantity should be : cut down. At the end of the third week the ration should approximate osie-half skim milk. At the end of ; the fourth week only separated milk I is fed. unless the calf is very delicate. The quantity fed can be increased gradually to IS or 20 pounds per day. Six months Is a good average age at which to wean calves from the milk. When good pasturage is available, the calf can be weaned earlier. If skim or separated milk is available, however. calves, especially if they are available, may be fed on it with profit until they are eight or ten months old. Illi 1 I I I-! I I I 1 I 1 l-l I 1 i Dairy Notes l-I l l i-l-l-l 111 11 l- HIII I 11 l l-l -l A cheap bull is about the most ex- j j pensive investment a live stock man j can make. Sanitation in the r anagement and blood testing n'rc the methods of controlling abprtiofi. • • • Immediate and adequate cooling of milk Is necessary prevent souring. | A temperature <>f less F. is unfavorable to the growth rtnd reproduction of the injurious bacteria. ••• ’ ’ With feeding of dairy cows, the question of minerals in the ration re- - reives ndifitional prominence. A cow may produce milk for some time without having sufficient minerals in her ration Ly drawing on her reser.ves. i Cleanliness Is important In prepar- i Ing milk for exhibition just the same as in producing milk for sale. Clean j cows, clean milkers, and clean uten- ' i slls and containers keep down bacterial content ,and prevent spoiling. I Provide now for a better milk-pro- i during inheritance in your future herd. Get a sire from a line of breeding better than your own. • • JL The calves will begin to eat grain i ' after they are a few weeks old, and it > is usually profitable to provide a creep ' where grain can be supplied. • • • During the cold months the question of water for the producing herd Is one that is often given little attention. A cow milking heavily requires from 70 to 150 pounds of water daily. • • • Sell cows that test low in butterfat: get high-test cows in their place, and Increase the herd average. Cabbage is a suitable feed for dairy cows when properly fed. It should be fed shortly after milking, and at no other time. • • • Cows are good or poor producers according to their blood inheritance. Do not waste time raising heifer calves unless from good, high-produc-ing cows and from a sire that also is from high-producing stock.

Gambrel Style Combination Bam Equipped With Modern Conveniences f i * jfilSlki mL. Rllhb w i <t 1 Shimsle Roof Laid I Over I*x4" - y/Z qTlay Carrier Track I i / \\ J '-L x/ / j/ vX ph | \ . 1 \\ ! "bUILTUpRAFTERS ]/ ■ \\ : Lt-/-.. Saweld To Curve X tV l-f'i / i ‘ H 11-o—V' | M . —2-2x6"Plate’s”*' n ” i ' X /. J ■ k —q+o- < "" j & 7 \ Curved RATTERsEmrUp cf ZLayors I xIO - o \ Sawed To Radiuo And Reassembled , HQ p •\\ Set z'-o"-o.c. , cyy \\,-■)x6 Rouoh Flooring—//■ ■ H .57 FF?£SMAi£\SvpptY— 'ac. ~ ; , Tracks - g Zfii a I ££3 kid LaJ Ccw Barn Horde Bar n I’ '■ . • ■ ■■■ . ' ’ “ '. ! / \FrrrP W > l;V'* t C'X\.. AtLt?.' ,j\J . lli a ■ -3 . ■ Ji jhli t 31 ■ d .. , .. •

By W. A. RADFORD Mr. vVilliam A. Radford will answer questions and Rive advice FREE OF COST on all problenis pertaining-to the subject of building work on the farih.’ for the readers of this paper On nc--count of his wide .experience as editor, author and manufacturer,, he is. without doubt, the highest authority on thsubject. Address all inquiries to William A Radfctd, No. 407 South Pearborn Street, Chicago, 111,, and only inclose two-tent stamp for reply. While horses are constantly growing less-numerous on American farms, there are still a great many farmers who use this type of power instead of the tractor and mechanical power, j Horses, in order to be available for i I the heavy work a farm requires, must ' i be housed comfortably, fed well and : j cared for. Horse barns for horses j alone ,are unusual. Most barns are 1 designed-so that the stable floor will I ; house both the dairy'herd and horses. | Ent in, order to do so the two sta’bles ■ 1 "must- be divided toy a solid wall t 0.,; 1 conform with the requirements of I state health departments which con- ; trol the conditions under which milk, j J w hich is to be sold, must be produced. Shown in the accompanying ilius- I I trati.m is a gambrel type combination "horse and cow barn. This is a frame • building set on a concrete foundation ■ and is equipped with the modern eonI veniences which make handling of ! dairy cows and horses labor saying ( and economical. The floor plans re- ! produced herewith show how the stable is divided and the arrangement of the stalls, etc A silo at one end is connected with the barn by a feed room which in turn is connected with both the dairy and horse stables by an overhead carrier track which makes the transportation of silage to the mangers simple. The dairy stable is equipped with steel stall partitions. Hardwoods Best Fuel but Not Best Values The general use of hardwood for fuel' has led to the belief that hardwood has a higher heat value than softwood. To the layman this would seem to oe true without exception but to the chemist just the opposite appears to be in accordance with facts. Maple, birch, hickory and beech, usually sold for firewood, are much more satisfactory in a practical way for fuel than the softwoods, says the New York state college of forestry at Syracuse university. It is true that a cord of hickory has higher fuel value than a cord of pine, but the ’cord of hickory weighs considerably more than a cord of pine. If these two kinds of wood are placed on a weight basis pound for pound the pine will be found to have higher heat values. The resinous woods, which are usually the softwoods, have in general higher fuel values. Os this does not mean that for steady burning in a stove, firebox or fireplace

' water drinking cups ami a system of suction ventilation which constantly changes the air in the stable without | drafts on the animals. In the horse ' section of the stable there are seen | i stalls for seven horses, a large box i stall, and a feed- room and feed bins. | as well as a harness room. Together ' with the floor plans of the barn is | shown a cross section of the building showing a great many details of construction ami the Sizes of the various i pieces of lumber used in constructing ; thq, building. There, is also a cross i . section of the concrete floor which shows the tHmehsiojps <tf the footing and the contour of the floor for the | ! manger stalls and gutters. This barn i is 32 feet .wide and 60 feet long.Paint the Under Side - . of Your Tin Roof An. important aspect of painting in ; ( hoine building is taking care of places : I that can’t' be reached by the paint brush once the house is complete. The ; : undersides of tin roofs, for instance, | ’ should be painted before the roof-is l | laid. Shingles should .be dipped in ’ stain or paint—the protecting coating j can never again be thoroughly ap- | plied. Underneath parts of porches, steps ami such places, because they i are out of sight does not mean they ; are out of the reach of decay. As i a matter of fact, the dampness of their j location makes them particularly subject to this destructive process. i There are many such spots where i it is possible for the builder or con- I tractor who does not give 10Q per cent I workmanship to skimp. At the rtme the effects may not be noticeable. But ; for every cent thus saved there will [ be many dollars spent in the future on repairs. pine will be preferred to hickory. This statement is only put forth to show how erronequs ideas are engendered through the general use of many materials ns against the exact knowledge that research develops which becomes important in many practicable ways. Pound for pound, pine d<»es give off , greater heat, but because of the more ' solid structure and therefore lasting qualities, hardwood is preferable for practical use. One of the most important factors in the control of heat, relative to the consumption of wood as fuel. Is found in the moisture content; a fact easily demonstrated by the difference between the inflammability of green and dry wood. The moisture content vrfries greatly in different kinds of wood. Maple Flooring Good Hard maple flooring will not splinter, sliver nor become ridged through the constant movement back and forth of heavy furniture. itf one of the hardest of the* hardwoods Used for flooring.

PfIVLTfiY STARVING CHICKS IS UNNECESSARY Experts Find Early Feeding Is Not Harmful. (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) The popular belief that baby chicks should be starved for the first 4S or 72 hours t<> prevent bowel trouble has finally given way to scientific knowl- , edge. It is now known that early, feeding is not harmful. However, i neither does delaved feeding seem to I i be harmful. i Experiments conducted by Burt W. Ileywang and Dr. M. ,’ull. poultry specialists of the United States Department of Agriculture, to determine ! the effect of early feeding oh the abI sorption of the egg yolk which is us- | ually present in Hie body of the chick when hatched,Vshow that early feeding ; actually tends to stimulate slightly ‘ the rate of yoik assimilation. Feed- | ing seratcli grain Caused more rapid I assimilation than feeding mash. As a result of these’ experiments, j Doctor .Tull points out, poultry raisers I no"’ have unbiased facts to guide them I in the management of baby chicks. • ’Under normal conditions the best I thing to do. is feed them early. If there is some special reason for withi holding food for the first two or three j days, this can be done without run--1 nitig the risk of stunting the chicks. Baby chicks shipped by parcel post or • by express probably sho.uld hdt be fed before being shipped, Doctor .lull says. ' Blackhead Evaded by Keeping Poults Alone To prevent blackhead infection in young turkeys, they shoifid not have chicken or turkey liens as mothers. Even thougli turkeys are put on a , dean range, not infested with blackhead, it is likbly that they will get the disease from the mother hen. says J. B. Haves. University of Wisconsin. The practice mayi be avoided by ; using a hew brooder stove for incubator hatched turkeys. A clean range ' is also necessary, but old birds shouliL I not run. with the young turkeys, nc- , i cording to Hayes. By adhering to a strict sanitation program of this kind. Hayes says that blackhead can be evaded, and there should be. no more trouble with turkeys than witli young chicks. New England Colleges Formulate Chick Mash A chick inash formulated at the conference“of New .England colleges calls for 200 pounds yellow cornmeal. 100 pounds wheat bran, 100. pounds ground ■ oats. 25 pounds' meat scrap, 25 pounds fishmeal, 50 pounds dry skim milk, 25 pounds alfalfa leafmeal, 25 pounds edible steamed bonemeal, and • 5 pounds salt. The dry milk percentage in this mixture is 7per cent” This mash becomes the regular laying mash by the addition of .25 pounds of dried milk and the substitution of ground oat. groats for ground oats. ~—yr Poultry Notes Feed grain in troughs each day. • » • Start with chicks from breeding stock of known merit. • • • ’ Grow chicks separate from old flock 1 so they will not range on stimegound. Goslings cannot live without grass, pry bread softened in sweet skim milk and pressed quite dry is good for the i first feed. » • • The ration fed the breeding pens should be complete in every way. In I addition to protein, carbohydrates ami • fats, rhe ration should contain vitamtnes and minerals. * • • Nothing will take the place of a well-constructed brooder that is propi ,erly ilperated. ''hicks are not weath- , erproof any more than they are • froubleproof. ’ If they are exjMiseij to ' extremes, of heat find cold they will j soon be on the’sick list. * * * ; When ten days old Hie ducks can i be cut down to three or four feedings,, ! daily. A fat breeding hen is not conducive to hatchability in the eggs she produces. Chickens need minerals both for i body maintenance and for shell fori mation. Use dependable brooder of proper size for house and number of chicks to be brooded. • * Discard all hens which lay very small eggs, since these eggs hatch poorly and produce pullets that lay small eggs. • • • Scrape floor, sweep walls, scrub with hot lye water and spray with disinfectant before moving house or putting in chicks. i • ♦ • Probably the most satisfactory and certainly the easiest and simplest way to mature and condition pullets is to allow them a gooh ration and keep them on clean ranee. Oyster shell or ground limestone is also necessary. be kept before the birds at ali tlftreST When these mineral compounds are absent, fewer eggs are produced, and the batchahillty of the fertile eggs is decreased. • • • A nearby creek or pond provides plenty of water when geese can have free access to them, hut the lives of young goslings are thereby .greatly.-En-dangered by turtles, the eating of “pollrwogs” and too much wet in general. -W