The Syracuse Journal, Volume 20, Number 9, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 28 June 1928 — Page 6

Transatlantic Plane and Its Crew of Three I ' * Z'Zx I .... / I I n Irf i drv \ f I I i L.TrlB I The transatlantic trimotored monoplane Friendship is shown above, together with its crew, Miss Amelia Earhart, above; Wilmer Stultz, pilot, at left, and Lou Gordon, copilot, at right. Where Secretary Hoover Spends His Vacation Ir ' ■■■ I MFs. TOitfiiiiif£ix§Mi iMßCTiSM^WndliMjß^swsigF l f ■* ; ■«... ’ ■■ I ■ J Secretary of Commerce Hoover decided to spend his summer vacation in his 1,250-acre ranch near Wasco, Calif. The ranch bouse is shown in the photograph.

Televox Now Talks Like a Man /"T 1 f —jl! > f .....~~ ' ' ' ! i.Hi Fwl i» y! HiSbl i'fe '~~\i rd I \ yrwPsPWij | i 1 li. I \ 'M .IwWml li j "■■B I ! i , ■, *-- — — M i ™ ' \ 1W t IH <-* 11 mmß I" 'K J i ■ ■ ** i Hja i WHHHk <xXy>jl \ » W I j <rf wfc^ — - .■'<Ug F=Jjl MM “Televox,” the robot invented by Roy J. Wensley of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing company, which executes commands given over the telephone, has been improved by the addition of a voice and when given a command now answers in a deep bass voice. Racing Gobs Training on Dry Deck i *'■ i' JkMf wWS 1- s << ° JRI * * ** % '. <a> Wadidd 3>Ji x imß Bv * x -- r- ' ■F* >C <X V ?. i A -w >«KaB x V\.. U ' _ < M Members of the racing boat crew of the U. S. S. New York in Honolulu waters*, as they appeared in their racing craft on the dry deck of the boat, practicing their long sweeping stroke in preparation for contests with crews of other ships, , -

LITTLE BITS OF INFORMATION

An internal combustion locomotive is being tested on English railroads. There are sixty-nine land grant colleges in the United States. America’s coal deposits are so placed that mining is much easier than in European mines. Dentists’ offices that travel about in trucks are great help to people in sparsely settled regions of Australia.

Four violins were sold at auction in London recently for $7,750. Motor bus lines are opening up a number of the rural districts of South Africa. Four-fifths of all sewage in the United States is dumped into streams and rivers. The new “baby” type of doll was the most popular in this country during the last Christmas season.

WILL NAME REED irr?' * ~.<"■3.”*, > ■’X .V'' W'' &kk 1 Charles M. Howell of Kansas City, who will place the name of Senator James A. Reed of Missouri in nomination for the Presidency at the Democratic national convention in Houston. He is an eloquent, orator. COOLIDGE PREACHER IhK/ o. j 'J®-* Blf ■' W V <?&' '•' B ssis® MIL " \ Ik ' -Ai * ■* T" § $3 Kk • '- / s' H MHHF 'jM®. \ i JslngK X.'Xy O V -4f "• • ‘ ».,. Rev. John Taylor, pastor of the Congregational church at Brule. Wis., where President Coolidge will worship , during his vacation on Cedar Island. Mr. Taylor is blind and reads from a Braile Bible. Zf’s Side-Splitting A European scientist predicts that within live years we shall be able t<» split an atom. And to think that a few years ago we sneered at people for splitting hairs!—Cleveland Plain Dealer. That’s It We like the man whose itppulse It Is to say yes much better than the one whose impulse is to say no. but the trouble is that the former never has anything to lend.—Ohio State Journal.

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

Cattle Finished for the Market

Dry-Lot Feeding and Fattening on Grass Are Two Methods Used. (Prepared by tbe United States Department of AKriculture.l in “Feeding Cattle for Beef,” which has just been published by the United States Department of Agriculture as Farmers’ Bulletin 1549-F. W. H. Biack of the bureau of animal industry offers in 16 pages a condensed and simplified analysis of practices in feeding cattle, which have been tested in the feed lots and pastures. It is intended primarily as an aid to farmers who have not had wide experience in finishing cattle for the market, but it is believed the bulletin will be no less valuable to experienced feeders in checking their established methods. Knowing Market Trends. Since the net returns from cattle feeding constitute the real basis for measuring success in the fattening of cattle, the author points out the desirability of knowing the market trends by seasons and for a term ot years. This knowledge, plus an exam ination of the kinds and qualities ot feeds and roughages on the farm, will in large measure determine when to buy feeders and what sort to buy. Dry-lot feeding and fattening on grass are the two methods of finish ing cattle for market. It oftei pays <o feed grain supplements to cattle ‘on grass to gain a better finish at an earlier date when the market is likely to be higher for such grades. In re cent years the demand for smaller cuts of high quality meat has favored the practice of feeding calves liberally and selling’ them as fat yearlings Quotations from the bulletin will indicate its scope: “Approximately 75 per cent of the fertilizing constituents of feeds fed to live stock is returned in the manure.” “Most cattle feeders take it as a matter of course that cattle feeding cannot be made a successful enter prise without having hogs in the feed lot.” “Such feeds as milo, kafir and barley should be ground.” “The higher the grade, or quality ot the feeder the more economical will be its use of feed.” “When feeders are relatively cheap and feeds high, cattle possessing considerable fat are preferable.” Finishing on Grass. “If cattle are to be finished on grass, and if there is sufficient roughage to carry them through the winter, the feeders should be purchased in the fall. Buying feeders in the spring for tiiyshing on grass the following sumbrier should he limited to cattle that are fairly mature. “I »ry rations are now usually asso elated with short feeding periods and with feeder cattle over 800 pounds In weight Silage rations are used more in long feeding periods with the lighter feeders.” The bulletin includes average ra tions for various weights ot cattle, simple method of calculating rhe cost of protein in feeds, suggestions for bal

SELL VEGETABLES AT ROADSIDE STANDS TO INCREASE INCOMES

Should Be Home-Grown and of Good Quality. To make a successful business ot roadside marketing one must have sufficient interest, the right help, a good location, and the willingness to be exacting and pay close attention to details, stated Prof. Paul Work ot Cornell university, speaking at the New York State College of Agriculture, on roadside markets for vegetables. One must decide whether to make a business of roadside marketing or to merely use it to increase the family income The produce sold should be bornegrown or raised in the vicinity, and never obtained from city markets. Speaking with special reference to vegetables, he said, a fairly full line should be carried with certain products as a specialty. The vegetables should be graded with separate prices and separate arrangements for displaying different grades. Neatness and mass arrangement in display of the goods, with flowers as a side line, increase the stand’s selling power. The site of the stand should be chosen so it may be seen readily from a distance and should have ample parking space around it. The stand, should be distinctive, attractive and serviceable. Signs ought to be neat and simple. But they are not as important as a catchy farm name, since permanent and not tourist trade is ? ; “ Soil Best Adapted for Growing Soy Bean Crop If soy beans are planted on clean soil and broadcast at the rate of two bushels per acre, one can expect to get from two to three tons of hay per acre. Soil that will produce good corn will usually raise soy beans satisfactorily. Soil that is too acid to raise alfalfa or sweet clover will usually produce a satisfactory crop of soy beans if other conditions are good The ground which is sown to soy beans should be carefully worked be fore the beans are sown. Frequent harrowing is necessary to keep out the foxtail and similar grasses until the beans get a good start. Chicks Need Green Feed Many chicks are raised in partial confinement to keep them away from older birds and contaminated ground. Remember they still need and like plenty of tender, green feed Young alfalfa leaves are the best form of green feed Give them all they will eat.

ancing rations and for starting cattle on feed, management systems tor calves, supplementary feeds for grazing cattle, mineral mixtures, equipment for feeding, and other practical suggestions. Farmers’ bulletin 154 U-F may he procured free by applying to the Department of Agriculture. Washington. D. C. Causes of Failures to Secure Alfalfa Stand Failures to secure stands ot alfalfa on reseeding may be due to several causes, farmers interested in new seedings are being advised. Young alfalfa needs a firm, moist seed bed that has been as carefully prepared as for sugar beets, according to Alvin Kezer, agronomist of the Colorado experiment station. For that reason the crop often is started more readily on land that. has been previously in a cultivated crop that has left the soil in a good physical condition. Some failures to secure stands of alfalfa may be due to the lack of organic matter in the soil which is sometime.evident on heavy soils that “run together.” Alfalfa makes the best growth when planted fairly early in the season ana not over one inch deep on heavy soils. The seed must come in contact with moisture before it will germinate, which sometimes makes it necessary to furrow and irrigate the newly seed ed ground. A nurse crop is portion larly valuable where the soil tends either to crust or blow. Professor Kezer points out. From one-half to two-thirds of a stand of the nurse crop is sufficient. Barley has proved the best nurse crop all over Colorado particularly the variety known as Colsess. Kanota. a short-stemmed oat has proved very satisfactory in the Arkansas valley. After the ground has been planted the alfalfa, rather than the nurse crop, should be favored in the matter of irrigation. The small grain will usually take care of itself as long as the young alfalfa is in good condition. The alfalfa should be irrigated as soon after the nurse crop is harvested as possible. Colorado Has Outlawed Common Barberry Plant The common barberry and its related horticultural varieties is out lawed in Colorado because of its abil ity to harbor black-stem rust, a disease causing great losses in wheat Quarantine order No. 3. recently pub lished by the state entomologist, declares the plant a >pest and orders it destroyed wherever found. The order makes it a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of $5 to SSOO to ship common barberries into the state. Such shipments made contrary to the order will be immediately sent out ot the state or destroyed at the expense of the owner or owners. The order is a reissue of a similar measure in force before the last general assembly changed the status of the State Entomologist act.

the more desirable for the farmer. The salesman is important in build ing good wih and a large trade. He must present a good appearance, must never contradict, he patient, and not too talkative. Most important of all he must never misrepresent a prod net. To he busines. like, a salesman ought always to he at the stand Wrapping and packing are important in giving the customer satisfaction. Advertising, after the beginning, is not necessary if the products are good v t Agricultural Notes ❖ The baled hay is easier handled and requires much less storage space. « • • If weeds get ahead of the alfalfa clip them off with a mowe. not later than September 15. • • • If there is land on the farm that is too poor or roujth to cultivate, one may establish a woodlot Extra fine quality alfalfa hay may contain one-fourth more protein than wheat bran, while poor quality alfalfa may have a fourth less. « • • The curing of hay is largely de pendent on weather conditions, but silage crops can be put into the silc when wet and will cure regardless ol weather. Alfalfa contains the protein needed to balance the silage while the silage supplies succulence. . • • • Lawns should be seeded either 1b early spring or in late summer for the grasses usually sowed grow best in the cool weather and short days whict come then. « • • Aside from the labor-saving advan tages of modern hay machines, the help which they give in producing t higher quality of hay should not be lost sight of. • « • The quality ot hay depends quite largely on the methods used in cur ing and handling it. hence the neebs sity for using the best methods ant machines available • • • Whenever possible, it is best to ap ■ ply lime at least several' months it advance of the time of seeding alfalfa as this gives it time to became avail able to plants. It may be spread witl a shovel, manure spreader, or witl special lime spreaders which can b< purchased.

Modem Egypt y/ ‘ jamE iWW 3 .. / 1 Freight Barges on the Nile.

(Prepared by the National Geographic Society. X>. C.) -w—j GYTT, in a dispute with England, Lu has been once more at the focus of world attention, as she has • been many times in the sixty centuries that make up most of known history. Americans who visit Egypt know the country chiefly from the city standpoint. They see through the eyes of the extremely polite dragoman who escorts them abouMhe streets of Cairo or Alexandria. The man who sweats in the sun on his tiny farm is an entirely different creature. His scale of living is of the meanest. The peasant population huddle in villages within the confines of .four mud walls, homes which literally do not furnish them with a roof over their heads —wretched cabins improvised out of Nile mud, windowless as well as roofless. No modern pots and pans, none of the contrivances and shifts of njodern times that go toward rendering life easy and comfortable, and which enable the foreman of a section gang on an American railrpau to be better warmed, lighted, and served with news than was Queen Elizabeth of England. We are accustomed to think of Egypt in terms of symbols—the Sphinx, Osiris, the Pyramids. The country has. been a happy hunting ground for the archeologists, and their revelations turn us back 'through , the abysms of time to the contemplation of mysterious figures of the past, whether a sacred bull or King Tutankhamen. A country of wonders, no doubt: but the wonder of wonders is not the ancient relics dug from the earth, nor the mighty works of men's hands erected upon its surface, but the soil itself —that longish strip of green fringing the River Nile for the better o part of one thousand miles. Nature has dealt in niggardly sash ion with the land of Egypt. The country possesses no copper, no iron ore, no forests, no. precious minerals, and no good steam coal. It is fairly exact to remark that the country lacks all the prime prerequisites of modern industrialism. Agriculture is virtually the sole source of national wealth But even in this field the country is extremely limited. Only a Strip of Habitable Land. Egypt is practically rainless .arid only one-twerity-fifth of the land is capable of cultivation. These fertile regions are sandwiched in between the Arabian and Libyan deserts. While the area of Egypt, not including the Sudan, is 350,000 square miles, or about eight times the size of the state of Pennsylvania, only a little more that* 12,000 square-miles are capable of cultivation. Over this relatively small strip of habitable land the population swarms some 1;100 to the square mile, whereas the population of Belgium, the dens est in Europe, is 652 to the square mile. Yet, despite all this, Egypt is probably the most perfect and extensive farming laboratory that the world has yet seen. From an agricultural standpoint, the country presents a spectacle of three uniformities—climate. soil, moisture. Except for the region near the north coast, the country is rain less and frosts are unknown. The soil is the same, formed by the sediment from Nile water. Now, uniformity is precisely the thing which the ‘ American farmer lacks. The main factor in crop yields is the weather, and the weathei is always the unknown quantity. The Egyptian solves his farming equation by knowing the value of it before he starts. With the American farmer, agriculture is more or less of a gamble with nature, whereas the Egyptian fanner bets on a certainty. Farming, tlferefore, in Egypt comes nearer to being an exact science titan in any other important’ country in the world. Where Man Surpassed Nature. . In ordinary speech, there is always a tendency to personify- nature, to observe that nature Coes this or that or works according to some wellordered plan or design. While the thought is not exact, we can with some measure of trpth speak of nature's intentions about this planet and the life which nourishes upon its surface. For example, we may observe with truth that nature never intended Egypt, a comparatively sterile and drought-beset country, to support from its soil its present population of nearly 14,000.000 people. The ingenuity of man, however, has contrived by art to supplement the gifts of nature. Nature ordained that the Nile should overflow once a year and flood the agricultural plains of its

Goldfish at Play Goldfish have been observed to indulge in antics very closely resembling play. One such fish, in an aquarium, was resting quietly within a few inches of the surface when it suddenly ejected a fish scale from its mouth. As the scale was slowly sinking the fish darted downward, drew the’scale in its mouth and rose 4o the surface, where it remained motionless for several minutes. This perform-

valley, bestowing* at once the twin gifts of moisture ami fertility. When the flood has passed and the water has subsided, the farmer sows his seed and grows his annual crop. Traditionally and historically, it is either a feast or afamine in Egypt. For a brief season the abounding flood, to be succeeded for the balance of the year by blazing suns and killing droughts. • Tlie ingenuity of man has harnessed the great river by holding back the flood of waters during the freshet season aqd doling out these husbanded supplies during the lean months of the year. Through this device, streams of living water can be carried every month of the year to the roots of growing plants. The great stone dam at Aswan is in reality the keystone of modern Egypt. This huge rampart of masonry, which retains a IK) foot head of water, weighing 2,340,000 is pierced at its foot by iso sluice-gates. These gates, ’kept wide open when the am liual flood is coming down, late in the summer, are gradually closed when the crest of the flood has passed. By January the reservoir-is full and remains so during February and March. When the supply of water begins to fail, in the late spring and early summer, sluices are opened and stored water added to the normal discharge. Great barrages are tlyowu across the Nile farther downstream. These are masonry obstacles laid across the river's course to raise the water in the stream to level of the irrigation canals. The Nile barrage, a few miles below Cairo, is capable of raising the water level for the irrigation of tlie entire delta by as much as 20 feet. Crops Require Lots of Water. perennial irrigation, as has been explained, means an all-year supply of water to the Egyptian farmer. Tlie huge volume of water required for irrigating the porous soils of the delta under the blazing semitropical sun may be put at about 20 tons per acre per day as a minimum. Cotton-grow-ing requires about 25 tons of water daily, while rice culture requires 60 tons. ~ Man and his works in Egypt have existed only by grace of the river. There lias ■ always been something mysterious about tlie annual rise of the Nile. Such a seemingly slight thing as a reversal of the winds that sweep in summer across equatorial Africa frdm tlie Atlantic would cut off the annual flood and lay waste the richest agricultural valley in the world. But while the annual floods have varied from time to time in volume they have never in recorded history been entirely cut off. The apparition of the annual rise of the Nile is one of nature's certitudes, as well established and as universally accepted as the rising and setting of the sun. The ancient Egyptians were continually casting about for an explanation of the annual flood, but they never succeeded in penetrating to the heart of the mystery. There is no. longer the slightest mystery about-a subject that baffled the intelligence of tlie ancient world. The White and the Blue Nile, meeting at Khartum, form the great River Nile. Tlie sources of the Nile are, therefore, dual—the one constant, tin 1 ' otper variable. The White Nile finds a catchment basin in a series of lakes, of which the greatest Ls Victoria, in equatorial Africa. This lake is some 2.500 miles by river from where the great stream dclmm hes into the Mediterranean. The supply of water from the White Nile is fairly., com tant and is sufficient to furnish the River Nile with apthe volume of water registered at mean -low ebb. From time immemorial, however, the prosperity of the country has depended upon the swollen flood that overflows the banks of tlie river ami for weeks inundates the surrounding region. This blessed overflow is the , result of other Nile sources, which are something of a variable. The Blue Nile and the River Atbara find their catchment basins in the highlands of Abyssinia. Late in the summer this region is drenched with torrential rains, caused by ti e mountain interception of equatorial winds winch draw across the heart of Africa from the Atlantic. Then the' Blue Nile and the Atbara rise some 25 to 30 feet above their ordinary levels, and some weeks later these waters appear in Egypt as the annual inundation o,f the Nile. ■= This so-called “red water” from the Abyssinian highlands not only supplies moisture, but also fertility to the soils of agricultural Egypt.

ance wfis repeated several times. Whatever may have been the exact motive that prompted these actions, it may fairly lie concluded that the object of the fish was recreation. Friendship Testimonial In Belgium before the World war a children’s playground was unknown. They were introducer* by the Amerf can Red Gross as a testimony .ot friendship of American children for their little Belgian friends.