The Syracuse Journal, Volume 20, Number 37, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 12 January 1928 — Page 8

Southern California Has Forest Fires —• & SI KagWR wk fir WwO mk. *5 t i» ■■'vTjFrV ? ' •• x, ■ —1 '' ill dB fcil4 4® > • b ..-SL-* ~ ’■•• BWWKjR —* • ’ 'I Southern California has been experiencing disastrous forest tires. At the left Is seen a ttve-mile stretch ot tin Verdugo mountain ridge all ahlaze. At the right are the ruins of the Sunset Canyon Country club after the flames had swept over it. -

Crime Becomes Giant Industry

Annual Loot in ■ United States Reaches Total of $3,000,000,000. Washington.—Crime has become a blllion-dollar industry in the United States. Never before tn history have the professional gunman and tils allies en joyed such rich harvest in a civilized community as during the post war period in the richest country in the world. ..Estimates of the value of the ag gregate loot of safe breakers, Jew elry thieves, dock and railway pil fevers, bank robbers and others en gaged in holdup and thievery vary A nationally known editorial writer re cently stated that the big business of crime had an annual turnover ot S3,(MXHHM),OOO. of which one-haff was profit. Murder for Pay. Specialization has seized upon this newest und richest American industry • There are gunmen who perform murder or lesser violence for pay, frequently acting as guards in labor disputes in the larger centers ot popula tion. Other gunmen engage to pro tect bootleggers and to prevent rival liquor sellers from invading their ployers’ sales territory. Jewelry stores attract still another specialist type. Behind the operations of mostof these activ# criminals is the shad ow of the •‘fence." A "fence" is a man possessed ot ready money to whom is disposed for cash the loot obtained in robberies of all kinds Instances have been known, as was the case with the Richard Reese Whittemore gang in New York, where diamonds stolen at the point of a gun were disposed of to a “fence within a few hours of the robbery and while the police search for the robbers bare |y had begun. Machine guns, bombs thrown from automobiles and even from airplanes have figured in the battles between guards of rival bootleggers in and around Chicago. A popular practice is to locate .the leader of the gang which is encroaching upon another's tales area. Discovering his habits and the streets in which) he is likely to up pear, several gunmen drive through the neighborhood, until the quarry ds sighted. A fusillade of revolver or machine gun bullets from the moving

*************************3 t- Capt. Kidd Loot Found, Jersey Man Believes ' Wildwood. N. J.—The parch * meni map which Charles L. Za $ berer lias in a safe deposit box * nt Ids bank may or may not be * the key to the treasure cache ol •£ ('a pt alp Kidd. * Zaberer’s map -already bas nrought to light a flintlock blun * derbuss and a heavy Spanish * dagger thrust within a hooded * helmet of iron such as a follow * er of Cortez might have worn * Zaberer dng these from a sand * dune pt Wildwood Gahles. * Word of the discovery spread * “Gosh." Zaberer said. “1 got up * early to get the baby his bottle * and looked out the window * There were three fellows sitting * on the doorstep waiting for me * to start out digging and figuring * on cutting themselves on any * treasure I might find/’

JAPAN TO HONOR GRANTS MEMORY COMING SUMMER

Will Celebrate Visit Fifty Years Ago , of Famous General and Former President. \ Tokyo.—On August 25, this year, a memorial commemorating the visit to Japan of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant wlb be unvefled in Uyeno park by the man who acted as chairman of the Grant reception committee just half a cen tury ago. The memorial, which will probably take the form of a fountain and an inscribed, shaft of stone, will toe erected between the two trees , planted to Uyeno park by General Grant and his wife, close to the eques trian statue of Prince Komatsu, the first president of the Japanese Red Cross. It will be exactly half a century on that day,. August 25, since the great American soldier and Mrs. were feted o by the late Emperor >],.• ousort.

car creates panic in the neighbor hood while it is killing rhe human game. The car speeds away and even if the man shot has enough life left to talk it rarely hap|>ens that he will tell police officers who his assailants •were. Revenge is exacted by the shot man’s henchmen and the feud de velops. ' , Krom time to lit le gunmen are captured and often rl>ey are hanged—as were Whittemore, Gerald Chapman and others For rhe most part, these gunmen exterminate themselves. usu ally dying in their twenties, having embarked on their profession before reaching their majority. Problem for Uncle Sam. Such is ttie condition with which the United States is. confronted. The national crime commission, which met in. Washington recently, sought a remedy. A number of contributory factors were cited, chief among them an appalling tangle of technicalities and red tape in which the legal sys tern of the United States has become involved. Sharp lawyers, the commission was Informed, could so weave the evidence of a criminal ease that tlie trial judge almost Inevitably would be compelled to commit some minor error requiring

Radio Cheers Life in This Prison

Violations of Honor System Reduced to Minimum Since Installation. Fort Madison. lowa —This little city, which has been dubbed the most av erage town in the United States through the residence here ot Roy L. Gray, “the most average man.” dis putes the title where its penitentiary Is concerned, and all because of the innovation in radio entertainment which the prisoners enjoy. Warden T. F Hollowell, veteran ot the World war, believes that there may be something after all in this leniency-to-prisoners idea, and consequently has allowed the .installation of a radio receiving set foi the pris oners of the institution and has de elded that it worked so well that he has now installed radio sets at all the prison farms in the vicinity of Fort Madison to keep the prisoners from walking away, as many of them do from loneliness after the day’s work is done. Keeps Entertained. “The radio keeps them entertained and keep their thoughts from dwell ing on the Joys that apparently lie over the hill," Hollowell explained “With an honor and parole system In vogue there Is only one way in rhe world to keep prisoners from taking •French leave” and that Is to keep them contented.” Two Inmates ot the Institution were responsible for the Installment ot the set originally. They were Andrew Bowers and Arthur Reed, short-tiine Inmates, who conceived the Idea of building a single circuit for the prisoners Ih the Institution. Hollo well said the idea was O. K. If the noise did not Interfere with the prison rules about silence. After some experimenting the two established a circuit through one cell

A great banquet, attended by r he emperor and empress, was held, after which General Grant and his wife planted two trees, an hinoki and a flowering giokuran. At that time the ceremonial planting of t rees was something reserved solely for the emperor, and the breaking of al) the precedents to permit an alien commoner—even though he had been President of the United States—tremendously im pressed the Japanese people. The two trees, inclosed within n simple fence and marked with a wood en board, are thriving well, the hinoki planted by the general having now a height of 36 feet and a girth of 3 feet, while the giokurab* has shot up from a 2-foot sapling to a tree of 31 feet It was Viscount Shlbusawa, then without a' title but the first president of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce, who ii ’ 1 the recer’’ " •■omnilttee

a higher court to reverse him ano thereby enable defendants to obtain a new trial in the event of conviction Delay, tlie commission learned, had become so great that e\en murderer* had no fear of immediate punishment Court dockets were overcrowded Technicalities defeated justice .Judge.frequently were powerless to lend ade quote direction to trials because ot rhe limitations placed upon their au thority Bondsmen and lawyers of a certain type infested courtrooms exerting in fluence and a knowledge of technical! ties, sometimes res-.rting to bribery to relieve clients of the law's exactions. With these shortcomings in mind tiie commission exposed tlie structure, of crime as a big business with an annual turnover of tremendous pro portions. English Woman Claims Honors in Quarrying Knottingley, England.—Mrs. Ann Greaves of Knottingley. at a dinner of the Institute of Quarrying, claimed the distinction of being the only woman member of tlie institute and the inventor as well of artificial stone which will lower the cost of building. Mrs. Greaves said she started her quarrying business three years ago. “I can make this artificial stone similar in appearance to reai stone.” Mrs. Greaves said. She explained that it is worked like real stone —in fact it is the only artificial stone on which a chisel and hammer can pe used. Its cost is only about one-third that of real stone.

house into which all the men who cared to buy earphones could listen nightly. One of the big problems was to make the circuit fooFproot, for the mpn would stick matches, pins and other articles into the holes in the plugs and short-circuit the whole as fair. Tills trouble was remedied and the night the - first concert was received tlie inmates c'ould scarcely keep from shouting their hilarity. Old men who had been in the prison for years ana knew only of radio through newspa pers listened with tears in their eyes und spoke in awed whis[>ers ot its wonders. Concerts, grand opera, prize tights, baseball games and all the rest of radio entertainment came to < tieer the drabness of their lives, and men who formerly passed their evenings sleeping, .ending, writing letters or working interminably on souvenirs to sell to visitors nt the prison, now sit in silence with their head phoned clamped to their ears. 'Silence Rule Enforced. The silence rule is strictly followed, although tiie prison guards have to pace rhe corridors demanding silence repeatedly when a prizefight is on the air, and the excitement throughout the big cell houses among the hundreds of listeners is at a fever heat. Warden Hollowell has been well repaid for his permission to allow radio, for In it he has found one ot the best methfids of enforcing obedience since he has been in office, for the threat of taking away his headphones conquers the most unmanageable ot prisoners. Only one man has tost his.phones and then tor only a short time. He insisted on trying to make a loud speaker out of them. As an expianatioiF- he said he had read somewhere of a tnan who had gotten corns on his ears from using headphones too much and he was merely trying to protect himself.

for the united wards of Tokyo on the day of the Grant reception. Still hale and hearty and with a vivid recollection of the day he received General Grant in his mind, the viscount will unveil the memorial next August. He will be one of the very few survivors oOife event of 1878. Suction Fan Picks Chickens in Britain London.—Picking a chicken has become as easy in England as rolling off a log. It is now done by machinery—one chicken a minute. The feathers are plucked entirely by suction, pin feathers and all. The inventor of the device is Lieut. Com. .1. B. Kingdon who. upon retiring from the royal navy, became a poultry farmer. The machine is fan-shaped. The feathers are drawn into It by suction and stuffed neatly into a collecting hag. The fan makes about 500 «•••• lotions for a young chicken !»••• or so are required rc strh« old hen <»r rooster.

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

ORCHARD GLEANINGS PROTECT TREES FROM RODENTS' Winter is the time to protect fruit trees from mice, rabbits and other, rodents, according to fruit men at the slate college of agriculture at Ithaca, N. Y., who say that although the annual loss from damage done by such animals is large, it varies with the. season and with orchards. Orchards, in sod usually suffer worse. The college’s fruit specialists give the following directions for protecting trees: If only a small number of trees are to be protected they may be wrapped with newspapers, burlap or building paper. To protect a large number of trees, a permanent wrapper such as wood veneer or galvanized hardware cloth is more satisfactory, Galvanized screen of %-inch or %-inch mesh may be obtained in rolls 18 inches wide. This is about the; right height for the protector. This screen may be cut in strips wide enough to allow room for the; trees to grow, since this- kind of pro-, tector can be left on the trees for several years. A stove-pipe roller is helpful in rolling the screen in shape to put around the trees. Hog-lings clinched at the top. middle and bbt-j tom, may be used to hold the cut ends of the wire together. Wire wrappers such as these are more expensive at the start but probably are cheaper in the long run, as they may be left on summer and winter, while paper or veneer wrappers should be removed. Protectors are of more or less value against rabbits, woodchucks and meadow mlcfe, but not against the pine mouse, which works below the ground. Pine mice, as well as meadow mice, are best controlled by poisoned bait In fact, if mice are prevjrient in the orchard, poisoned bait is advised. Location of Orchard Is of Utmost Importance The proper location of the orchard may mean the difference 1n securing large or small crops of fruit from the orchard, over a period of years. Putting the orchard up high on the hillside is important for two reasons. First, to furnish suitable water drainage. Fruit trees will not stand wet, feet. On these orchard sites where the soil is inclined co wash, it is advisable to terrace the land prior to planting out the trees, thus preventing further erosion and loss of plant food material that the trees will need. A second reason for locating the orchard up high on the hillside is to secure adequate air drainage. Frequently a late frost may do damage to trees in blossom on low lands, while the trees situated higher up on an adjacent hill may not be materially damaged and will mature a good crop of fruit. Fruit trtfes do not require an extremely fertile soil, although adequate fertility of soil is an important factor in orchard development. A hillside that is slightly depleted of its natural fertility • may be used as an orchard site If manure, commercial fertilizer, or if green manure crops are used to supply the shortage of available plant food there. Pruning Old Neglected Orchards During Winter In the pruning of old neglected orchards it is usually advisablej-to work during the mild days throughout the winter. While occasionally some injury is reported from winter pruning it is rather rare compared with the amount of it that is done. This pruning can then be continued up until the buds have enlarged to such an extent that they are easily raked off when pulling the brunches out of the trees. If it were not for this you could keep right on pruning up until late spring without injury. Because of the close planting in many orchards it is becoming more and more evident that heavier pruning of our old trees is necessary. Unproductive ■ wood and that which pioduces small, green apples on the underside of the trees should be removed, as well as a moderate opening up throughout the entire tree. Injury by Mice For the past two seasons inice have been very active during the winter months in the vineyards of widely scattered localities. With old vines the feeding has been largely confined to canes and laterals from the canes that were held in the snow, and the injury was limited to near the snow level or just below. It would seem that the yout-ger tissues are preferred, rather than those two or more years old. The injury observed on old vines has thus far net proven serious. With young vines it is a sebious matter. | Watch for Nematodes It is impractical to plant an orchard in soil infested with nematodes. This diminutive but destructive worm enters the roots of the young trees, causing knot-like growths to develop on them, which interferes with the normal circulation of sap in the root system, and frequently the young trees will die shortly after the foliage has developed in the spring. Nematodes are prevalent in sandy soil where air is persent around the coth-se soil particles. i Manure Substitute Where manure is not available either sodium nitrate or sulphate of ammonia can be used with good success. The amount to use" varies with the size and vigor of the bearing tree. Some old, weak-growing trees benefit greatly by the application of three to .five pounds of one of these commercial nitrate fertilizers spread on the ground underneath the branches just before growth starts in the spring, followed by a second application about five weeks later.

Uklahcma Capitol Guarded by State Troops ■ ffli 11 nf 11 Bi F PiH ' ' ; m ''ll —n-rrvi « 1 '—XOaTUTJ fr’j,' >-■ i -jf. - ' -' >» i The capitol of Oklahoma, in Oklahoma City, guarded by state troops which were called out by Gov. H. S. Johnston to prevent a special session of the legislature which tlie state courts bad declared would be illegal. The legislators met secretly and’ voted to impeach the governor. Grain Vessels Suffer in Great Lakes Gales n i — —i rn \ n z/ x , /Ju. I Zr i i I i > i J -R H ' --~aiJlMMa . 'iJzl Terrific galet on the Great Lakes have been working havoc with the shipping. This photograph, taken near BuTalv, shows a number of grain vessels driven ashore and practically wrecked.

CIiICAGO TYPE V- '*? According to a group of prominent artists, among them John Norton of Chicago’s Art institute, Chicago is producing a type of girls who are different. Miss Corinne Kelly has been chosen as the typical Chicago girl. She is brunette, vivacious, but modest, healthy, frank, and without conceit. She is five feet three and one-half Inches tall, weighs 124 pounds, has gray blue eyes and wavy bobbed hair. FOULOIS MOVES UP F /w I a, t -Xi W. u < uh IX Lieut. Col. Benjamin D. Foulois oldest aviator in point of service in the army and former private in the ranks, has been promoted to brigadier general and named assistant chief of the army air corps, He was born tn New England in 1879 and entered the army in 1900 as a private. During the World war he served as a brigadier general. Famous Fishing Ground The Grand bank is a submarine plateau tn the North Atlantic ocean, extending eastward from Newfoundland. It is noted for its fishing grounds. Its depth is from 30 to 60 fathoms. Oxygen in the Air The weather bureau says that oxygen occurs, not ln f larger pencentage. but In greatest weight per cubic foot of air. at the lowest levels and decreas,,c ‘ ’■ increase of height.

Winners of the Nobel Peace Prize If // ’ X \ / i : at \ ■ I InLaKl I ’ / fK I SEHEF f jLr I iHSIL f Prof. Ludwig Quidde of Germany (left) and M. Ferdinand Buisson of France (right), to whom was awarded the Nobel peace prize. Quidde is originator of many schemes for international peace and Buisson has worked earnestly and, long toward the same end. •. ■ f Car Built to Carry a King’s Harem mu ; U X ffMflEaat —- The king of Arabia has had a number of automobiles built in England for his personal suite. This is one of the two designed to carry his majesty - harem. Adding a Bit to the Terrors of War If ' >1 - 'i "3 11 i The French army has developed some new motor equipment that was demonstrated at recent maneuvers. The photograph shqws a motorcycle war gas carrier. \

CONDENSED IN A FEW LINES

Chinese bakers use quantities of rose flavoring in candy and confections. Timothy grass is so called because Timothy Hansen brought it to this country from England in the Eighteenth century. The airplane used, by Sir Alan Cobham in his 20,000-mile flight round Africa is the all-metal flying boat belonging to Great Britain.

Arabia and Afghanistan are the two countries where tHe population is wholly Mohammedan! The English race i\ becoming fairer rathen than darker, particularly as far as hair is concerned, Isays a British professor of anatomy. I Making a clock that! has no steel parts and needs no oilioS is nww P os ' sible through a new„ Jlioy nerfected by an English inventor!.