The Syracuse Journal, Volume 20, Number 11, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 14 July 1927 — Page 2

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4 ' BY ELMO BCOIT WATSON A MONG the many sesquicentennlal cele--1 brat lons which have already been observed or which are yet to take t/ Too place there is none more interestIng than the one which will be held at Bennington, Vermont on L—J August 18 of thia year. It com- ■■ memoratee the victory of Gen. 12 B John Stark and hla force of pa ' triots oyer the British troops commanded by Colonel Baum, which had been sent by General Burgoyne to capture the large stores of supplies that had been placed tn thia little Vermont village. The sesqulcentennlal celebration of this Amerlcw victory is of particular Interest for more reasons than one. It In a high spot In the history of the Green Mountain state but Its historical importance Is far greater than that of an event in the history of one state, or of the three states, Vermont, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, ail of which have « share in the glory of that victory. For one thing. Bennington was an important erent In the campaign which proved to be the turning point of the American Revolution. The defeat of Baum and the failure to capture the supplies which Burgoyne so sorely needed was the second blow that had been struck at the ambitious plan of this British general to split the colonies, by cutting off “the head" of the rebellion. New England, from the rest. The first blow had been struck ten days earlier when the expedition of Col. Barry St. Leger failed before Ft. Schuyler In western New Tort. Sesqulcentennlal celebrations of this part of the campaign—the Battle of driskany and the successful defense of Ft. Schuyler- will also be held this summer. These celebrations and the one at Bennington are a preliminary to the one which will be held In October at Saratoga where was fought one of the Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World, and where the final downfall of Burgoyne took place. Since Bennington was one of the steps which led to Saratoga. the celebration there thia summer has na-tion-wide significance. In recognition of that fact there was formed some time ago a United States-Vermont sesqulcentennial commission of which President Coolidge is a member svl this commlssiot operation tlie Vermont State SOMjulcentennla! commission, headed by John Spargo. who is also president of the Vermont Historical society and of the Bennington Battle Monument and Historical association, will have charge of the dual sesqulcentennlal anniversary: that of the Independence of Vermont, and of the Battle of Bennington. In honor of three events the United States government has issued a commemorative half dollar and early In August will issue a commemorative postage stamp. In addition to these, the local association has issued another medal, designed by Charles Keck, reproductions of which are shown above. Five hundred of these medals in bronxejsbave been struck off and they have already taken a high place among the rarities and are much sought after by numismatists. On the medal shown above appears Fay's Tavern, which was the headquarters of the Council of Safety at the time of the battle, and there General Stark held his most important councils o f vrar. The victory wreath of laurel surrounding the Tavern bears the names of some of the patriots prominently identified with the battle. Three names are especially notable since they represent the states of New Hampshire. Vennont and Massachusetts. New Hampshire is represented by the name of General Stark since that state had given him the rank of general and placed him tn command of its militia. Vermont is represented by Col. Seth Warner, commander of the Vermont forces and said to be the real victor at the battle. The name Allen at the bottom to the center, stands for Parson Allen of Maasaqnbpefts. The other names are those of the captains of the local companies of militia and the local victims who perished on the field. On the reverse side of the medal Is a Green Mountain Boy with his firelock poised, guarding the Stars and Stripes. The appearance of the Stars and Stripes on this

One Form of Salute That Franklin Liked

-R was charming to see the emhraeee of Solon and Sophoclee." wrote Johh Adams, preeent when Benjamin franklin and Voltaire were Introduced to aach ether at the French Academy M Sciences. After they were Introduced they bowed and spoke, but there was no satisfaction among the audlsnce; it expected something more. Adeew wrote. Neither of the philoe•phers seemed to divine what was

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medal Is of particular Importance because it represents some unknown history which has come to light during the preparations for the celebration of this anniversary. As a result of the Investigations of John Spargo. whose qualifications as a historian are indicated by the. positions which he holds, some of the history of the United States flag may have to be rewritten. According to the. popular belief, the first American flag, composed ’ of alternate red and white stripes and a field of i blue with white stars upon it. to fly in the face of the enemy, was that which was l raised over Ft Schuyler on August S, 1777. Historians generally have accepted this fact, even though the evidence was not absolutely conclusive. The researches of Mr. Spargo s have developed the fact that the honor claimed for Ft. Schuyler in reality belongs to Bennington. In an address on "Vermont and the Stars and Stripes in 1777” made before the 'Vermont Society j of the Sons of the American Revolution a short tlnig ago he presented the results of his investi- • gallons which demolished the tradition of the rais- * Ing of a Stars and Stripes flag at Ft. Schuyler, at least, so far as the stars tn the blue field are ,’j concerned. In the Bennington Batt’e museum > visitors at the celebration this summer will see the flag which was raised by Stark’s forces. 150 years ago. which so far as is now known, is *he oldest Stars and Stripes flag In existence and which it Is believed, as a result of Mr. Spargo’s » J researches, was the first flag of fits kind to fly In the face of the enemy and therefore take* that honor from the Ft Schuyler bdnner. It is thia flag which is shown on the medal reproduced ; above. Thia flag la of unique design, the stripes . being in the reverse order, that is. the wfilte stripe on top. The stars are sevenkpolnted and arA ranged in the form of a Masonic arch. ’ ’ This Bennington battle flag hits a romantic hla- * tory. It la believed to have been present at the Battle of Saratoga and the surrender of Burgoyne and eventually came into the possession of Nathaniel Fillmore, grandfather of Millard Fillmore, President of the United States, who preserved It and hahded It down to hl* descendants For many years It was tn the possession of members of his family who lived In Illinois, but eventually It was turned over to the Bennington-Battle Monument and Historical association. Amorg the names on „ the victory wreath shown on the medal is that of Fl’lmore. which stands for Nathaniel Fillmore, who preserved for posterity this historic relic. Just as Mr. Spargo. tn connection with the plans for the Bennington seaqulcentennlal. has corrected some of the erroneous ideas about the first Stars and Stripes to be carried Into hade. It Is appropriate that some popular misconceptions about the battle Itself be corrected In the first place the battle Itself was not fbught at Bennington In the y state of Vermont but at Wallpotnaac tn the state of New York. Bennington was the headquarters of General Stark and so the hatfir has come down to ns named after that town, even though it waa fought six miles away. According to the popular Idea the victory was won by "General Stark and his Green Mountain Boys." thus implying that Stark was a Vermonter. He wTs not. He was a native of Manchester. New HCmpshlre. and had served with distinction as a coHnel at the Battle # of Bunker Hill and under Washington at Trenton* and Princeton. He had resign'd from the Continental army because he had b«en passed over, in the making of promotions and <he people of New Hampshire felt that he had been discriminated against because he was a plain than of the people. When Burgoyne’s army captured Ticonderoga In July. 1777. consternation spread throughout Vermont and New Hampshire. Vermont had but a short time previously declared Its independence as a state and it was felt that the capture of “Old

wished or expected, but they took each other by the hand awkwardly and stood there. But this Was not enough; tha clamor continued until the explanation came out —they were expected to embrace after the French fashion. The two thereupon embraced each other and kissed each other’s cheeks and then the tumult subsided. Franklin, however, once said that the only really enjoyable fete tendered

him by the French was the one where, as the apostle of liberty, he was honored by having the most beautiful of 300 women designated to place a wreath on his heed and to give him two kisses.—Kansas City Times. J ’ Climbing His first surprise was to find the skies, not as he expected, within his reach, but still as far off as before; his amasement Increased when he saw a wide extended region lying on the opposite side of the.mountain; but it

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

Ti” had laid the new commonwealth open to any punishment which Burgoyne might wish to inflict upon its people. Vermont called upon New Hampshire for assistance In repelling the invaders and urged that such forces as that state could raise be placed under an Independent command instead of the regular c4flcers of the Continental army, In whom they had no confidence. New Hampshire raised a force of militia and placed i Stark In command with the rank cf general. Officers of the Continental army resented this action by New Hampshire and congress on August 19 % passed a vote of censure, three days after the victory at Bennington had been won and just a day before the news of the battle reached that tugust body! General Stark marched his troops to Manchester. Vermont, on August 7. and was met by General Lincoln with orders from General Schuyler to join him at Stillwater. New York. He was also met by the Vermont Council of Safety which urged him to disobey Schuyler’s orders. The state government of New Hampshire upheld Stark and Instead of going to Stillwater, he marched to Bennington, planning to strike Burgoyne on his left wing. On August 13, Stark received word of the approach of a force of British and Hessians under Colonel Baum. On the morning of August 14. Stark and his men. accompanied by Colonels Warner, Herrick. Brush and Williams, marched out to meet Baum. At the same time he sent messengers to Manchester to summon Warner’s regiment of Continentals which had been left there in charge of Lieutenant-Colonel Safford, and to rally the militia. He then set forth to meet the enemy, drew up his forces in battle array and awaited Baum’s attack. Baum, however, took up a strong position and halted. So Stark drew back about a mile, and pitched his camp for the night within the present town of Bennington. That night a body of troops, commanded by the. redoubtable “fighting parson," the Rev. Toomas Allen of Pittsfield, arrived from ■ Mtsuichnsetts. The next rooming, although it Was raining In torrents and Warner had not yet arrived. Stark decided to attack. For an hour and a half Stark could make little headway against the entrenched enemy but at last about four-thirty In the afternoon, his men gained the crest ofjthe hill and after a half hour of desperate hanewr*hand fighting, the enemy retreated, leaving inlhe hands of the victors their mortally wounded commander. The house in which Baum died a short time later is still standing. After the flight of the British. Stark’s undisciplined forces scattered over the field collecting the plunder. Suddenly another force of 500 British, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Breyman. who had been marching to reinforce Baum, appeared. Stark’a men were taken by surprise and fell Into line In the greatest disorder. At a critical moment Warner’s forces appeared and Breyman was defeated. Stark’s army was approximately 2.500 men, composed mostly of militia and volunteers. It outnumbered the enemy. It is true, but that enemy waa composed of 1,400 disciplined and well-trained troops, among them the flower of the British army and their allies, the Hessians. In one day Stark’a mft fought two stubborn engagements with a loss of 30 killed and 40 wounded. The enemy suffered a loss of more than 200 killed. 700 prisoners. 4 cannon and 900 muskets, swords and pistols. The victory at Bennington did more than strike a blow at Burgoyne’s plans. More important was the fact that it raised the morale of the patriots after a long, unbroken chain of discouraging events. The be’ls of Boston pealed forth tn rejoicing when the news became known. The congress. which on August 19 had passed the resolution of censure, on October 4 voted its thanks to Stark and his men and made him a brigadier general in the United States army.

rose to astonishment when be behek a country at a distance, more beau tlful and alluring than even that h« had Just left behind.—Goldsmith, **Th< arisen of the World." Blood in Human Body Experiments have shown that th< total blood volume of a series ol healthy men averaged 4.9 per cent, or approximately one-twentieth of ths body weight. There were individua variations «f from 42 par cent to 5.1 per cant

EXOTIC' SHAWLS FOR EVENING; MILLINERY FOR SUMMER TIME

(«QEE the new moon, make a wish i and It will come true.” Here’s ’ guessing the wish made by thousands 1 >f star-gazing women —Spanish shawl ! i Friend husband asks the “better hair to choose the gift she wants most — i “Spanish shawl I* her eager reply. Daughter of the household is about to tarry the “class honors." What shall devoted mother and father bestow upon their loved one as a graduating gift—Spanish shawl! Mr. and Mrs. Newlywed are on their honeymoon, i

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Spanish Shawls Are Popular. What shall the proud groom buy for his happy bride—“ Spanish shawl!" says she. An exotic shawl for evening wear is the temptation assailing every luxuryloving woman this season, and fashion is giving every encouragement to this ambition. Better one simple evening frock plus one gorgeous Spanish or Italian shawl than a whole wardrobe of pretty dresses minus the shawl, when it comes to beautifying the summer moonlit scene. “It’s in the play,” this keeping the frock infinitely simple so as to give all glory to the shawl. And how vaingloriously milady enwraps herself in Its silken draperies! Yes, indeed, ’here’s art and artlessness required in

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, Some Swmsner-Time Hats.

the wearing of these lovely colorful befringed and embroidered silken shawls. This vogue for the evening shawl is getting “more so." Not only the priceless Spanish or Italian genuine article Is bringing joy to the exclusives who can afford them, but demand Is In the ascendency for silken squares of every type and color befringed and embellished in many intriguing ways. Either the new shawls are heavily embroidered, or they’re not Competing with the flower-covered types

NECKLINES SOFTENED The necklines of thia season have been perceptibly softened. Usually a flower or a bow is perched at the shoulder to relieve any austerity. TWO IN ONE Two slips with one georgette dress —one self-colered, the other gayly patterned—make the one frock function as two. 6

are lovely crepe de chine squares, tn white or pastel color, unadorned save for long hand-knotted fringe. Silk squares with wide bands of silver or gold cloth bordering them are the smart thing in Paris. The centers are hand-painted or embroidered. This sort are fringeless. Yes, we believe, in evolution, speaking of course from a fashion standpoint. For proof, we cite certain taffeta hats as created, this season, bj renowned Parisian modistes. See in

the picture how several of these models mark the evolution of grandmother’s lovely log-cabin patchwork and other quaint quijt patternings into smartest Twentieth-century millinery. Perhaps it is Italian art—mosaics which furnished the Inspiration sot the Intricately interworked taffeta, also ribbon bats which are glorifying present-day ’millinery modes. Come the inspiration from what source it may, one thing is apparent—a new beauty note has been sounded by the milliner who is using taffeta in such unique and alluring ways as exemplified in the hats in this group. Taffeta is a very important medium for the making of the better class of millinery this season. Many of our loveliest hats are built patch upon patch, fold upon fqJU of taffeta, displaying not only a true workmanship, but also resulting color schemes which furnish subject matter for artist and poet. Note the hat in the center of the picture. Isn’t it reminiscent of the silk log-phttern patchwork you have been treasuring for years tn that cedar chest of heirlooms? The narrow ribbons work out a del«eate rainbow coloring, while the contour of the hat is the "very latest.” Especially consider the styitsh model, a side back view of which is here given below to the left. The darker stripes are navy

blue. Introduced into a medley of old rose, pale green, maize and gray taffeta. The first hat shows stitched taffeta combined with narrow grosgrain ribbon. Folds of taffeta are criss-crossed into an artful design for the hat at the top t» the left The group is concluded with an all-taffeta hat with markings of fine pedaline straw. The tiny roses about the crown are formed of multicolored taffeta. JULIA BOTTOMLEY. (©. i33T, by Western Newspaper Unloa.)

FEATHER BOUQUETS Bouquets of ostrich feathers, oi combinations of French flowers anti ostrich feathers give a very airy touci to the chiffon dance frock. VELVET FLOWERS A simple gown of plum-covered flat crepe has for trimming only a girdh of flat velvet flowers in the zlnnli shades of red, cerise and purple.

Low Fares to Pacific Northwest See the glorious West this summers Yellowstone through Gallatin Gateway, Seattle, Tacoma, Rainier National Park, California and other wonder spots. Low round *tr2p fares. Return limit Oct. 31st* Stopover privileges and free side-trips. Add to your pleasure by going one way, at least, on the famous “Olympian,” over the electrized Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul. Swift, smooth, silent travel through two foil days of grandest mountain scenery — with every facility for your comfort and convenience. Write, pkone or call on our nearest Travel Bureau for full details and help in planning your trip S' Address Travel Bureau C. M & St. P. Ry. jS/ffas- . 80S Tranxportat’n Bldg. Detroit S 3? Dnlon Trust Bldg. Cleveland TXT Kerch. Bank Bldg. rUmSajjlV Indianapolis ° Milwaukee Road

Clean by Electricity The uses of electric cleaners art many, especially those which can lx reversed to blow as well as inhale. I One was rushed into a coal mine at ; Bicknell. Ind., in 1023 to pump ait ; to miners imprisoned by rock fain after an explosion. A used, one last winter to blow warm air down between his house walls tc thaw out a frozen wajerj pipe. An other effectually defeated beetlet i whose larvae, previously uneapturable, j damaged the rafters of an English ; castle. * An American farnjer uses one I regularly each summer jto separate leaves from berries that have beet ' picked and spread out on a sheet j; World Population Doublet i A The greatest sipgle change ot the s past 100 years has been the rapid in- { crease in the number of people inhabiting the earth. During that time s the population of the world nearly 5 doubled. A century ago it was less t than one billion. Today it is about P 1,700,000.000. —American Magazine. e _ i i Never in Accord - i “They can’t agree abo|t anything.” “tVhy doesn’t he get a divorce?" x : “She won’t agr<?e to it?’ ,1 . . —.— r ; Obedience is the key to every door 1 1

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