The Syracuse Journal, Volume 20, Number 10, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 7 July 1927 — Page 6

To Honor a Great Fur

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4 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON

i 1 PRESENT plans are carried out the state of Missouri will soon pay long-neglected honor to one of her greatest citizens, Gen. William Henry Ashley. For nearly a hundred years Ashley’s body has lain tn an unmarked grave in an Indian mound near the confluence of the

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I-arsine and Missouri river* In Cooper county, his name and tame almost forgotten. Now, thank* to the Initiative of aMlssouri country editor, Edgar Nelson of the Boonville (Mo.) Adverriser, whose suggestion ha* been taken up by the Boonville D. A. R. chapter, a movement has been started to locate hie grave and place there • memorial In keeping with the importance of his servioes, not only to the state, but to the whole country as well. For there was a time when Ashley was a national figure even though ft wa* then little suspected, perhajis. by hta fellow-Mlasourians and even though his significance io the annals of the American frontier has been unappreciated until comparatively recent years. Virginians can claim with Missourians an equal pride In hla achievements for he was born In Powhattan county in that state tn 178fi. At the age of eighteen he came to Missouri territory, or upper Louisiana, as It wa* then called, and settled first at Cape Girardeau. He was even then a man of considerable education and property and added to the latter by acquiring a large land grant which Included what Is now Jackson, the county seat of Cape Girardeau county. Ashley next stored to Potosi where be engaged tn the manufacture of gunpowder, and later to St Louis, where he was one of the promoter* of the eld Bank of St Louis. During the War of 1813 Ashley, whose Jprcefnl personality had apparently impressed itself upon the community, was made a brigadier general of the state militia. Later when Miseouri entered the sisterhood of state* he was to become her first lieutenantgovernor and was barely beaten tn the race for governor by Frederick Bate*. In 1881 be was elected a* a Whig to the Twenty-second congress, tn fill out the unexpired term of Spencer Petris, who was killed In a duel with Maj. Thomas Biddle, and he was re-elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth congresses. But it la Ashley the pioneer, the fur trader, the explorer, and > the patron of other explorer*, rather than Ashley, the holder of state po lit dfflce. whose Importance extends far beyond state boundary lines, make* him a national figure and gives to the proposed memorial nation-wide interest 1 Fam the earliest days the fur trade has been an important factor In Amerleaja history. During the long series of Colonial war* England and France wrestled for the control of the interior •f the North American continent be-

Would Bar Children From Seeing “Movies” I

Os stimulants to the •motions motimapiciures are one of the most vtolest known to the modem world, according to the French psychiatrist. | Doctor Toulouse. la the cotwee of loo* researches he has studied the re•ettoe on the breathing and on the Wood clreuletton of healthy adults during the projection of various sorts of films. From his findings Doctor Tsaini— drawn aMentioc to the dan-I

cause It was a vast reservoir of valuable furs. The fur trade was one of the contributing factors which brought about the American Revolution and later the contest between British and Americans to determine who would control the fur trade, was again a factor to embroiling the two countries to the troubles which resulted in the War of 1812. In the period of national expansion which followed this war men , still thought to terms of beaver, but by this time their eyes were turned to the vast expanse of tlie trans-Mlarisslppt west. Especially was this true to Rt. Louto which stood at the gateway to this virgin wilderness and which had been the jumping off place for the Lewis and Clark expedition and for several fur-trading exjiedltlona, such as those headed by Manuel Lisa and Maj. Andrew Henry, who as early as 1800 bad trapped the northern Rocky Mountain streams. Fur packs valued at from ten thousand dollars to fifteen thousand dollars had been brought back to St. Louts by various Individual trappers and traders and It was plain to see that great opportunities awaited those who went Into the business on a large scale. So with the time ripe, the man with the imagination and business acumen to seize the opportunity was on the scene. On March' 20. 1822, the following history-making notice appeared in the Missouri Republican, a St Louis newspaper: To enterprlaln* young men: the subscriber wishes to engage one hundred young men to ascend the Mlasourt river to Its source, there to be employed tor one. two or three years. For particulars enquire of Major Andrew Henry, near the lead mine* In the county of Washington, who will ascend with and command the party: or of th* subscriber near St. Louie Signed. W ILIA A M H. ASHLEY. So the Ashley-Henry company or the Rocky Mountain Fur company, as the organization was later to be called, came into existence and brought into the limelight among its 100 “enterprising young men" racb names as James Bridger, Etienne Provot, Thomas Fitspatrick. Milton Sublette, William L. Sublette. James Beckwourth. Edward Rose. Vasques. Jededlah S. Smith, David E. Jackson and Hugh Glass. There you have a veritable Who’s Who of the Missouri fnr-trade Dotable*, the “long-haired mountain men immortalized by the brush of Frederic Remington and the pen of John G. Nelhardt! On April 15. 1822. the expedition embarked st St. Louis on keel boats which were to aseend the Missouri to the three forks to Montana, trap the streams on both sides of the Rockies, perhaps penetrate to the mouth of the Columbia river, and return before the expiration of the three-yeer contract with the men. The expedition was commanded by Major Henry but the adventurous Ashley accompanied It. After a series of adventures with treacherous and thieving Indians and with the even more treacherous river whose floating snags wrecked one boat and caused a loss of Siaono worth of merchandise, the expedition reached the mouth of the Yellowstone river and derided to halt there for the season. Leaving Henry to charge. Ashley returned by canoe to Bt Louts to recruit another trapping party and obtain supplies for the trading activities of the next three years.

| gers presented to the health, parties- i lariy of children, by films which are i too exciting. A report issued by a Japanese physical culture and health committee Is much commented on here, ay It seta forth even more forcible conclusions. Children up to I twelve years, says the report, are ex- 1 tremely fatigued after only a few mln- i utes of watching a film. The fatigue ’ is not so marked In comedies aa In Wg <

• | Bo Important was this company that ! to write a history of the fur trade without mentioning it would be anl other example of playing Hamlet wlth--1 out the melancholy Dane. It was Ashl ley who established the now famous institution of the trapper’s summer i rendezvous as a means of conducting the fur trade. The summer rendezvous was an annual gathering of trappers and Indians where took place not only • those affairs of barter but also Homeric scenes of drinking, carousing, fighting and primitive love-making between white men and red maidens—the saga stuff of which Neihardt has made such good use. The personality of Ashley was so Indelibly stamped, upon the.' fur trade of that period that after a time "Ashley Beaver" became a trade mark of the best brand of beaver fur. It is Ashley, the explorer and patron of other explorers, however, rather than Ashley, the fur trader, who is most entitled to a national memorial. This Is because he was the leader of the first overland expedition to the Pacific coast by a different route to that followed In general by Lewis and Clark. According to Harrison Clifford Dale of the University of Wyoming in his book "The Ashley-Smith Explorations and Discovery of s Central Route to the Parific, 1822-1829": “The expedition of William Henry Ashley in 1824-1R25 up to the South Platte across what is now northern Colorado, to the dead of winter, over the continental divide, and through the perilous canyons of Green river to rudely constructed boats, and finally still further westward to the vicinity of the Great Ralt lake, forms the first stage In the discovery and utilization of the famous overland route to California. From the Interior Basin in 1826, Jededlah Strong Smith pushed on across the deserts of Utah and Nevada and*over the Sierras to San Gabriel and San Diego—the first American to reach California by land. Journeying Dorth to the Stanislaus river, he recrossed the Sierras and reTraversed the deserts of Utah and Nevada to the Great Salt lake. These two expeditions together form a single enterprise—the discovery of the central and southwestern route to the Pacific." Ashley derided to sell out his interest in the Rocky Mountain Fur company to 1826. The purchasers were his associates, William L. Sublette. Jededlah Smith and David E. Jackson. The articles of agreement were signed on July 26. 1826. near the Great Salt lake tn Utah. Although he retired from active connection with the company, he retained his interest In the fur trade to that he derided to furnish the cannon which is said to have been the first ever taken into the Rocky mountains. This was in 1827 and It was hauled twelve hundred miles by ox-team to be set up on the wall* of one of the company’s torts. But to return to Ashley’s withdrawal from the fur company which be had made famous—it must have been a dramatic scene when the general stood before the trappers at the rendezvous and bade them good-by tn these words: Mountain**?* and friends: When I first cam* to th* mountains, I earn* a poor man. Ton, hy your lnd*fattgat>l« •xartioaa, tolls, and privation* have procured m« an Independent fortune. With ordinary prudence tn the management of what I have accumulated, I ehall never want for anything. For

dramatic films and reaches its maximum when there Is musical accompaniment Bence ft Is advised that no children under thirteen should be allowed to attend the movies. n «* - r>. .aA series of sandstone cliffs. 800 feet high, stretching along the shore of Lake Superior for about five miles, are given the name “Pictured Bocks." They are about 45 miles east of Margoetta.

, THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

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thia my, friends, I feel myself unde? great obligations to you. Many of you have served with me personally, and I shall always be proud to testify to th* fidelity with which you have stood by me through all danger, and tbe friendly and brotherly feeling which you have ever, one and all, evinced toward me. For these faithful and devoted service* I wish you to accept my thanks; the gratitude that I express to you spring* from my heart and will ever retain a lively hold on my feelings. My friends! lam now about to leave you, to take up my abode to St. Doula Whenever any of you return thither, your first duty must be to cal) at my house, to talk over the scenes of peril we have encountered, and partake of the best cheer my table can afford. ' I pow wash my hands of the toil* of the Rocky mountains. Farewell mountaineers and dr ten ds! May God bless you all!" On September 26, 1826 there appeared in the Missouri Republican the following news Item: “General Ashley and his party have arrived at St. Louis from tbe Rocky mountains with 125 packs of beaver valued at $60,000.” This was the valedictory of Ashley, the adventurer and fur trader. At this point his career as one of Missouri's most distinguished citizens began. He became a large land owner hy the purchase of a tract of 30.000 arpens (an old French land measure which varied widely, according to the locality), an area ten miles long and six miles wide. This was tbe famous claim, given originally by the Osage Indians to 1792 to Maj. Pierre Chouteau, a brother of Auguste Chouteau, one of the founders of St. Louts. Chouteau’s title was confirmed by the Spanish lieutenantgovernor of Upper Louisiana. Charles DeHaulte Delassus. in 1799. but when this country eame under the flag of the United States by the Louisiana purchase there was some dispute as to whether or not the new rulers would recognize the title. 'Ashley was then a member of congress and through his efforts the title was confirmed by an act of congress on July 4, 1836. Chouteau later sold the entire tract to Ashley for $1.25 an acre. Ashley made his home on this grant on a high bluff overlooking the Missouri and Lamtoe rivers, surrounded by a number of Indian mounds. He was married three 'times but at the time of his death in 1838 he left no descendants. According to tradition, when be folt that death was near, he walked along the river bluffs looking for a site for his last resting place. His selection was tbe top ot one of the Indian mounds to a bend of the river, overlooking the wtoe sweep of the Missouri, against whose muddy stream he had set forth upon his “magnificent adventure” and down which had come the boatloads of furs to bring him his vast fortune. There be was buried. ~ Although the school histories have neglected him. Ashley’s deeds have been recorded In Capt Hiram Chittenden’s monumental “History of the American Fur Trade of the Far Went." to Professor Dale’s scholarly study, ta X Cedi Alter’s fine biography. "James Bridger,” in Neihardt’* sagas and tn the writings of that appreciative historian of the Old West, Emerson Hough. Missouri now proposes to erect tn his honor a more enduring memorial than the printed page and It is a project in which all Americans can have a sympathetic interest.

Art in Amwrtca Art-mad America can be said to have three main divisions: those who write poetry; those who practice on the saxophone, and those who plan to go Into the movies.—Oenevlevs Taggart, in the Century. * If lb Ctorf if ffe ffnmanmnf The enormous energy stored in the winds of the world could ran ail the factories in the United States tot more than 400 yean. ‘' ’ ' ♦ - . ,X s x 's’?'?

| I . IT WAS A I NANTUCKET I COMEDY I L "- 1 " - "—••-* (S by D. J. Walsh.) WHEN the breeze is just strong enough to fill a sail without flattening and the x sun discreet enough to brim the summer girl’s enjoyment to the I verge of color and tan. there is no 11 place superior to the shore waters '. of Nantucket. If Blanche Wilmot and I Tom Howard did not think so in stereotyped form. It was all in the l vivacity of their eyes and voices and motions. “Now you trim the sail while I do ‘ the rudder,” cried Blanche. “And which is the port and which is, the I starboard, so I can call out, and what ' - is ‘down bridge? Susie Mills is fori! ever telling me about their ‘down I bridges' when they go sailing, and I ’ say it’s such fun. And bailing out — [ cant we bail out, Mr. Howard? We 11 stay only a month at Nantucket, I [' want to learn it all so I can talk, too.” I. “Mr. Howard!” scornfully. “Pm l! Tom and you are Blanche. Weren’t 11 we properly introduced at the break- ; fast table, not an hour ago. and didn’t that Susie Mills of yours mention that i ■ Nantucket has no frills? No one can i 1 like ’down bridge’ and preserve dig[l* nity.” “No?” doubtfully. “Susie didn’t i! speak of that—Tom. But what is it, [! and the rest?” “Oh, just ducking your head to # l 1 keep front being knocked overboard' lj by the boom when it swings round. !. It’s anything but fun. 1 can tell you. i Blanche. Some boatmen are forever i tacking when they’re in narrow channels, and that keeps the boom swingi ing like a pendulum. And bailing—- [ that’s when a boat leaks. You can 11 thank your stars not to have any j j of that" H “Pshaw! You’re no true sailor," I! disdainfully. “I’d Just love to have p the boat leak. Couldn't we snag ! | something—or—or foul a rock or J Strain a seam so she would spring I a leak? It would be so salty, you i know. But you didn't explain port?” ’ “Oh. that—that’s the side one turns out when driving, I think —or maybe i it’s the other side. I’m not quite sure, just now. But, anyway, we don’t need it. They say that and starboard in battles, you know, when they’re going on board with cutlasses. But look out!” sharply. “You will spring a leak, sure, if yom ruu into rocks that way.” “Well, how could 1 help It,” Blanche j retorted, “with your chattering? 1 i couldn't listen to you and trim the rud —I mean do the rudder, at the same time. Sailors always look at the sky and things abd meditate. Now, how shall we get off? The boat spins round like a hobby horse turning on a pole. I’ll bet folks are looking at us from the hotel and laughing.” Tom gazed into the water speculatively. “1 suppose I could get out and push off," he said. “It isn’t over three or four feet deep. But I’d get awful wet” “Then you sit right there and hold on for your life!” cried Blanche, wltlierlngly, as slie sprang to her feet. “I’ll jump overboard and push off myself. Td just love to get wet I—well,” as Tom splashed into the water, “if you win, do it you’re slow for emergencies.” As the boat was pushed off the rock, almost causing her to lose her balance, and Tom clambered on board, she said: “Suppose you trim the sail. I want to learn it all.’’ “Crazy!” growled Tom as he edged by her to the cockpit and grasped the rudder. “I could have pushed off with an oar and saved this wetting— If I’d thought Luff a little, Blanche.” “Let’s see," sweetly, “that has to be done with the rudder, doesn’t it Tom?” “Oh. well, maybe it does," irritably, "but you’d be owlish If you bad streams of water coursing down your back and flooding your shoes. And we’re right in front of the hotel. Likely 290 of the 300 guests are looking at us and making remarks.” He was Silent for some moments, then added: j “And I bragged a whole lot to some of the fellows about my—my saltiness.” “Poor Tom.” laughed Blanche. "But I’m in the same boat My talk was horribly salty this morning./ I'm afraid we’re to for general eongratu lations when we get back.” Tom groaned, kicked the water from bis shoes, then laughed. “Only a month, did you say, Blanche?” “That’s ait And papa made a whole lot of trouble about that He doesn’t like the seashore, and only gave to when I promised to be a good girl- and consider bis wishes to the fait You see. I’m escaping and want-

Rammed Earth Houses Old Construction Type

Homes and barns with walls of rammed earth have attracted the attention of the people of many states, as well as people In foreign countries. | says B. C. Miller, agricultural engineer at the North Dakota State college, who has devoted considerable time to the study of rammed earth as a possible means of cheap and reliable building material In bls state, according to the Pathfinder Magazine. Rammed earth Is an ancient type of construction. The writings of Pliny state that wateb towers of this material constructed by Hannibal were used 250 years after completion. Thia method at construction was Introduced Into France by the Romans, so the story goes, and later was adopted In England. In the United States there are a few examples of buildings that have been constructed of rammed earth. One of the buildings, a house, is now standing In Washington, D. G, and was built in 1773. The type of earth has a great deal

ed to get as fur off as possible, i. hope of making it permanent.” “Queer," quoth Tom, “I’m escaping, too. Only mine's to be all summer. And I’m studying how to make the thing permanent” Blanche looked Interested. “Wbat’s your trouble?” she asked. “A girt?” “Yes, money to two families. Got to be united. All cut and dried without asking me.” “Why don’t you jump overboard, as you did just now?" “That’s what I’m thinking. But it means disinheritance and I’ve never earned a cent In my life. It’s something that calls for a mental struggle through silent watches of the night" “Is the girl nice looking?’ “Never saw her. But how is it with you?” “Just the same. Money, money, money, and I never saw the man, either.” b Tom leaned forward, his eyes shining. “Look here, Blanche," he cried, “let’s elope. That’ll settle the whole thing for both of us.” “Why Tom Howard!” in dismay. “We haven’t known each other two hours yet" “What of Itr boldly. “We both like the Water, don’t we, and we’ve got to do something.” “But get married, after two hours, ■and not know a thing about each , other!” "Well, tomorrow’ll make twentyfour hours more and a month will be thirty whole days. And we’ll be out every day boating and talking. Isn’t that enough?” Blanche drew a long breath. “I don’t know,” she answered, , doubtfully. “We’ll see. But 1 wish the other Howard —mine, you know — had a little more of your brains. I wouldn’t mind him so much then. But T. Folkstune Howard! Pah!“lt makes me think of a dancing master!” Tom turned red and then purple; but the last was with laugiiter, held back. "So the other fellow’s a Howard, too?” he choked. “And a Folkstone! What a cad! But don’t you suppose, Blanche, that might be the adolescence of college days, to be out-t , grown? Why, I once beard of a girl who budded at Wellesley as B. Gladys Clorinda Wilmot Don’t you think that a name to run away from?” “You—wretch I Are you Thomas de Folkstone Howard?” “Guilty, with no extenuating circumstances." Blanche stared, bit her lip, then sank weakly upon a thwart “Tom," she said, faintly, “let’s go in now, before anything more happens. I’ve had all I can stand today. Tomorrow we’ll start all over again." Early Jewith Colonies Shortly after the founding of tha city of Newport, R. 1, about 1641, there was an emigration of Jews, who founded a colony at Newport and who in return for the religious liberty established by Roger Williams contributed materially to the prosperity of the colony. A synagogue was erected. Outstanding member# 4, of the colony were Aaron Lopez and Jacob Rodrlques Rivera, who were merchant princes of Spain. A poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is dedicated to the Jewish cemetery at Newport There were also colonies of Jews exceedingly early to Boston and Connecticut. but these were few and unimportant compared to the colony to Rhode Island. Honor Great American On the one hundred fiftieth anniversary of Henry Clay’s birth, last April, work began on the erection of a strftue of the great AfSerican statesman to Caracas, South America still remembers the services he rendered it when fie spoke to the United States house of representatives, demanding that we recognize the revolting colonies of Spain. He is as much a hero to the Venezuelans as Lord Chatham or Colonel Barre were heroes to our own forefathers. —Youth’s Companion. Engagement Ring An old Roman custom decreed that on the completion of an Engagement to marry the man should give tht woman a plain iron ring as a memento of the contract This came to b« made of gold, and was exchanged al the ceremony, but another ring was still given to bind the contract Tc differentiate this from the plain gold band it was set with a small stone These rings were placed on th£ third finger of the left hand, because it was believed that this finger communlcat ed directly with the heart Experience Think not that I have been obliged for this reformation of manners to reason or reflection, but to a severer schoolmistress, Experience. One has little merit to learning her lessons, for one cannot well help it; but they are more useful than others, and imprint themselves to the very heart —Gray’s Letters.

to do with the adaptability to rammed earth construction. according to the Department of Agriculture. The cost of construction with rammed earth, as suggested, varies with the labor costs, thickness of wall, and the distance which the earth must be hauled. Several other factors also enter into the cost. The cost, however, Is uftally much less than building with other material. - . Pigeont in Warfare There were about 20,000 pigeons in the service of the United States army during the World war. About 5,000 pigeons were in France and approximately 1 per cent of those actually used for carrying messages were lost in action. Telephone’s Beginning In 1875 the first words were transmitted by telephone, but the first complete sentence was not transmitted until 1878.

HOW MRS. WEAVER } WAS HELPED By Taking Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound As Mrs. Weaver herself says, *1 was never very strong.” This is a mild

statement describ* ing her condition, for,according toher letters, she was subjected to no small amount of ill health. Fortunately, her sister was familiar with Lydia E. Pinkham’s "Vegetable Compound and begged Mrs. Weaver to try it “After three or four

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weeks,’’ writes Mrs. Weaver, “I felt a great difference in myself. I wduld go to bed and sleep sound, and although I could not do very much work, I seemed stronger. I kept on taking it and now I am well and strong, do my work and take care of three children. I sure do teil my friends about your wonderful medicine, and I will answer any letters from women asking about the Vegetable * Compound.”—Mbs: Lawbencb Weaves, East Smithfield St, Mt Pleasant, Pa. If you knew that thousands of women suffering from troubles similar to those you are enduring had improved their health by taking Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound, wouldn't you think it was worth a trial? In some families, the fourth generation is learning the merit of Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound,

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