The Syracuse Journal, Volume 20, Number 10, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 7 July 1927 — Page 2

Hortiqjta® iivSWJ/ e& RIGHT HANDLING OF RASPBERRIES . Raspberries do best on a strong fertile soil, ft will pay any one who is fond of this kind of fruit to add a good dressing of barnyard manure. In order to stimulate a good growth of. cones. One thing Is certain, a good crop of fruit cannot be obtained from • poor growth. Wild raspt»erries are found in the edges of tim|»er or along fence rows where one ordinarily finds a soil with lots Os humus In It Too many folks attempt to continue their plantations after they are un pnxtoctive. Most patches! should be dug up at the end of the fourth or fifth season. It Is time wasted to try to rejuvenate an old plantation. New plantings on fertile soil will produce more fruit one year after planting than most old beds. ; Most commercial growers plant the raspberries* In rows bight feet apart This enables them to use horses to cultivate. Some growers have found that It pays to give even more room than this. At any rate thrifty growing | canes will make use of all the space | eight fret wide. To keep down weedand new plants requires ‘frequent cultivations. Six or eight cultivation? each season Is none too much. Here and there mulching material Is used to take the place of cultivation. A straw mulch will last about two years It can be used only when straw Is cheap Old stock bottoms will do very nicely. In home gardens where berry patches are not conveniently located tt will pay to mulch. Where this Idone about all the hand cultivation necessary will be to go through th* rows with a sharp garden hoe and dip oft new berry plants and larger weeds that push up through the straw The mulch will keep down most of the t grasses and these are the worst weed.that have to.be combated. I Cover Crops Maintain the Fertility and Humus Some cover crop experiments have been conducted In British Columbia which are yielding valuable results not only for that section but for many Bruit sections of the United States. Each year sowings of hairy vetch, spring vetch, buckwheat, fall wheat, full rye. barley and rape have been made «n August 1 and September T v j Records have been taken of the amount of growth made before win Ver began. Allot Ute crops . haw been turned under In the spring, and the orchards have been kept dean cultivated in the summer The results to date Indicate that annual cover cropping is not as satisfactory as the growing of continuouscover crops where there is sufficient moisture to permit the growth of the | tatter. However, the annual covet crops have been found helpful In maintaining the fertility and humu?i content of the soil and In affording protection to the roots during thwinter. Fruit Thinning Is Good Pennsylvania Practice The growers of Pennsylvania wh< . have thinned the. fruit In their orchards can now begin to see the effect •f their work, according to the po- ’ otologist* at the Pennsylvania Star* college Observations from now until harvest time will show if the thinning has been sufficient It is found that, in many cases, the grower has not taken off enough frur in the early summer thinning. It I* pointed out that an incomplete thin nlng costs nearly as much as • coni | plete one. If the thinning has been only partly done, the trees are still tor full of fruit and the fruits are not siting as they should. Experience is a good teacher and mistakes of this year can be turned to profit next «eason 1 1 t Horticulture Squibs J « m V a U■ OS ( Red raspberries should be treated very much like the blackcaps, excepting In the summer pruning. In no ease shotfid the new canes bo summer pruned. • os Mo e tree than is necessary to bold all the peaches the soli Is capable ot producing and maturing Is a detriment It takes plant food and moisture to maintain such surplus growth. • • • With good care an abundance ot fruit can be obtained throughout th* season from a relatively small area otj the small fruits, the returns bein£ much greater than the labor invested . •' * * To assist in controlling aphids It the apple orchard. It Is best to spray Just as the buds are beginning to open Strawberries may not have such a favorable chance as a commercial ven tare for farmers, but as a home-grown Piracy they simply cant be best. | -a ■ • • . Red raspbery plants abonld oof bt allowed to become coo thick In the row. Constant cultivation will keet down Che weeds and plants that grow < up between the rows. i Fruit trees respond to nitrogen ap plications, and that is about all. Llm+ does not benefit them excepting as It may Improve the orchard cover crop Unless varieties pf red and btac) , found the B production of thebe fruit; ? wwhUtdkiklA PUifr ums? pi*.- *• .a®** ■ breeders are giving their attention t« | 4 producing varieties of these fruits re ' t

New York Goes Wild Over Colonel Lindbergh . ■... - - . — I

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About seven and a half million arsons participated In the wild welcome given Col. Charles A. Lindbergh in New fork. This picture shows part of the precession, with the hero 1n the car at the lower right.

President and Mrs. Coolidge at Wicker Park, Ind.

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President and Mrs. Coolidge entering Wicker park, near Hammond, Ind., where they stopped on their way to the Black Hills, to dedicate Wicker park, the war memorial of Lake county. Indiana.

-MISS DENVER”

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Miss El vi Roy. who has been chosen as “Miss Denver. 19*27” io represent Denver at Atlantic City in the annual pageant of beauty contest. JAP WAR MINISTER

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The first photograph to arrive here of the new war minister of Japan, Shlrakawa.

—y 1 ' Railroad Would Join President in Hades

A young man bad succeeded Ms deceaaed father as president of a small railroad i» the Southwest. The old man bad been heartily disliked, tor be had worked bis employees and Ms road to the last gasp and rhe new presi dent on Ms first inspection trip found the equipment to bad shape. Toward evening hi* special stopped at a «- Vfldt , '• : ' - V" h“

aAt Custer Massacre Reunion

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Survivors of the Seventh cavalry, part of which was slaughtered is the tmttle of the Little Big Horn, usually known as the Custer massacre, held their reunion at the scene of the battle in southern Montanii. The picture shows the monument erected there and Gen. E. S. Godfrey, one of the few surviving officers, who was detailed by Custer to lake part of the troops on a wide detour to attack the Indians in the rear.

Mecklenburgh Independence Parade

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Colorful parade wending its way through streets of Charlotte, N. <l, to commemorate the signing of the Declaration M Independence in Mecklenburgh county. North Carolina. 152 years ago. This declaration was a series of resolutions resembling, mere or less closely, the DedaratiOß drafted Io Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Continental congress.

met a grtaled old «ear tink" who was busy tapping the car wheels with his little hammer “What do you think of the carr the president asked. “Good enough for the rails it rides oe.” was the ambiguous reply. “Well, bow about the rails r “Listen here.” said the young ex

THE SYRACUSE JOVRNAL

“Sure, - Too*re the president V knew your father when be was pre* dent and he's going to be president again.’ “What do you mean? Don’t you know my father's deadF* “Yep” tjie old-timer nodded. “T knew he's dead. And the road’s goto* to hell, too'”—The Funny Side Out. by Nellie Revell. The earth gains about a ton in SS7 eu "

IGodfish’ Livers Rival Sun Rays

Scientists Point Benefits to Be Derived From Use of Sea Food. Philadelphia.—Shades of Apollo and Izaak Walton 1 Here is science claiming that the only rival of the sun is found in “a poor fish.” We know that Sir Walter Scott sang once to the effect that “It’s no’ fish ye*re buying—lt’s men’s Ilves.” We j remember also the lines of an old I Scotch song, a fishmonger’s call in which a similar prophetic note was | sounded. “Wha’ll buy my caller herrin’T" the cry runs. “Ye tittle ken their Worth.” j "O, you may call them vulgar farin’; I Wives and mlthers malst desparin’ Ca’ them lives of men.” One hundred years after these words rang out in the chill, foggy air of Scottish markets, 1 scientists step i from their laboratories long enough to ; tell us that, next to the sun. “desparlin’ wives and mlthers” must depend upon a fish to maintain the stalwart limbs and stout backbone of the nation’s youth. j In those few remaining regions of the earth where clothes are incidental. If not negligible, where the sun Is given its chance to feed the bodies of men, we find, as a rule, that the natives of such Edens ure straight as an arro% well formed, strong, and happy. It is when we reach civilization that we encounter frequent deformities, bowed legs, gawky knees, bulging wrists and ankles. Clothes Rob Man of Sun. The fact that we free to the sun only the few square inches of our face and the backs of ungloved hands Is a primary factor in the general tendency in this and other civilized countries toward rachitic conditions. The average infant is too much overclothed when lying in the sun to derive its full benefits. Sun -porches are light, cheery, and warm; but unless their glass is of a special type none of the helpful ultra-violet rays of the sun make their way inside. Without sufficient sunlight or without sufficient supply in another form of the fhctor that is conveyed by the sun’s rays, our children develop rickets, that starvation of bone structures that leaves them soft and flexible, producing various forms of deformity, in- ! eluding soft teeth, misshapen skulls. Jaws and skeletal structures, and even - constricted chests. The elements that give proper strength tq bones and teeth are calcium and phosphorus. These two elements cannot be utilized in bone growth, unless a third factor Is present, Jqst as a pile, of coal Is useless without ignition to convert It into beat. Like Bone* Mad* of Rubber. • This factor is vitamin D. Without this vitamin, calcium phosphate cannot be deposited sufficiently in the bony structures ©! the«body. Although bones keep right on growing, the unfortunate child to whom they belong might as well have a rubber skeleton If the vitamin ‘ deficiency is not corrected. | The action of the ultra-violet rays of the sun upon one of the fatty components of our skin produces vitamin D or its physiological equivalent, according to researches conducted by Htadschinsky. Hess, Shipley, and other scientists. Sunlight, then, is the natural protection against rickets. But civilized man does not lead a ’ natural life. Our mode of dressing . and dwelling does not permit natural living. And it is not likely that we shall emulate the Polynesian soon by discarding our clothing for bared existence under a beneficent sun. When It is known how important vitamin D is to life and health, it seems an odd prank of nature that this factor is absent In practically all food* used for human consumption except the fiver of codfish. Probably nature felt that she was taking ample rare of us by giving us sunlight. Then she permitted tpan to discover for himself bow prodigally she provides for bis welfare by storing this valuable factor tn one of his commonest sources of food. One Theory of Scientist*. Just how the cod manages to distinguish himself above all other animat* of earth, see and sky by monopolizing the storage of vitamin D is not dearly determined. One theory of scientists has it that the ultra-violet rays of the sun penetrate below the surface of the ocean and so Irradiate the cod. This would presuppose that the cod’s skin is especially sensitized to these rays as man’s skin seems to be. Just as if both cod and man .were photographic negatives which, upon exposure to ul-

AMERICAN WOMAN RUNS HISTORIC FRENCH-HOSTELRY

Wife of Frenchman Amazes V ill ape Peasants by Her Business Energy. ■ Lee Andelys, France.—A brisk, cnr-ly-haired American woman, graduate of Wellesley college in 1912. is the hostess of one of France’s most famous historic Inns. . w Mme. Gwyndd Champsaur, formerly Miss Weller of New York and Montreal, assists her French husband to dispense to Europeans and Americans the kind of hospitality to which both are accustomed. Between them they contrive wlt|| equal facility corn on the cob and calvados. the famous apple brandy of Normandy. Steam beat, baths and an electric sewing machine have been installed in the old-time inn. known as the Hostelierie du Grand Cerf, “historic monument” of France, on the Deauville

: I tra-violet rays, produce a positive effect when developed in the chemistry of the body. It is more likely, however, that the cod gets his sunlight by eating it. I Study of the habits of tlie cod in Norwegian waters and in the waters off . Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Maine have strengthened this theory. F. F. , Berg of the Squibb laboratories watched the early spring surge of , thousands of cod to the shallower, warmer waters near the Lofoten ist lands, where they came to spawn. t At tltis period of a cod’s life he develops a ravenous appetite. And it is what nature provides to satisfy that hunger that offers another theory in explanation of the fact that end liver oil is the most prolific source of vitamin D known to man. Piscatorial Drama. This piscatorial drama is very mneh like the “house that Jack built.” Great shoals of herring are loosed by nature into the waters near Norway and our northeaslern coast just as the cod feels these pangs of hunger. So here is the cod that gives us vitamins. Here are the squid that are eaten by the herring that are eaten by the cod that gives us the vitamins. Here are the mosses and sea plants that are eaten by the squid that are eaten by the herring that are eaten by the cod that gives us Day after day, week upon week, the sun pours its rays down upon these sea plants. The squid themselves do little more than float around near the surface of the sea, absorbing still more ultra-violet rays. From that point on tt is obvious how, theoretically, the codfish acquires his vast store of vitamin D by literally eating sunshine. x It has been only a few years since .the existence of vitamin D was recognized. In fact. Its identification came about through exi>eriments by Prof. E. V. McCollum of Johns liokplns university with cod-liver oil. From that moment, the medical profession moved with reinforced courage against the threat of rickets. The late Dr. Emmet Holt, at the time of his death, was stressing the Importance of depend- ’ ence of sound health In adult life upon building bones, blood and muscles in childhood. Would Reduce Teeth Ills. It is claimed that, if the perfect condition of bone, blood and muscle in new-born children had been maintained in the last century through sufficient vitamin D supply, dental statistics would not show that 98 per cent of the people of the United States have Imperfect teeth. There would have (thH-n less excuse for rheumatism and h«s« and kidney troubles, which are, in after-effects of some local Infection. Authorities are urging that the growing generation of children be granted the heritage that is their right under the sun. Plenty of sunlight is advocated, but. at best, the son alone under modern living conditions cannot assure sufficient vitamin D for a stoutlimbed posterity. Dr. Morris Fishbein, editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association. states in a recent article: “One of the greatest discoveries of the last five years has been the establishing of the fact that cod-liver oil

BEAUTIFUL BACK

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Trade Brionne ot Vienna, a notable figure in the dramatic world, who was recently picked by prominent sculptors and artists as having the most beautiful back.

» — — -■ Modern celebrities stop at the hotel, which has been patronized by famous people for 400 years. Walter Scott and Victor Hugo shipped there, and the father of Henry IV. Antoine de Bourbon, was brought to the house mortally wounded after the selge of Rouen. The building is decorated with the salamander device of Francis I. patron of its builder. Nicholas Duval. Madame Champsaur does many things that amaze the village peasants, although they are her sworn friends. They never grow accustomed to the sight of her driving an automobile bareheaded, with a pair of Chow dogs on the seat beside ber. They remember when she pitched into the labor of preparing in three weeks at the cabled demand of an American millionaire a country cottage. with baths, near the inn. She pushed many wheelbarrows full of dirt tor the “old world” garden. _

: To Give Away Beams From White House • .. Washington.—Sections of him- j ’’ her from the White House roof • - probably will be scattered as • ‘ ‘ relics to all parts of the coun- ’ •; try. Various organizatiohs are • ‘ I writing in, asking pieces for use ' • • in making gavels. 11 The large beams are of long- ” leaf Georgia pine. Those unex- ; .. posed to the weather are de- • ’; scribed as in 5 excellent preserva- ’ • • tion. Museums also have re- • quested pieces of the wood. > * • • President Coolidge has given ■ ” no instruction about what shall i • • be done with the wood and nails ’ r ’J taken from the old attic, but it * . , ” is assumed that requests of mu- ; ’ I seums will be granted arid that • ► ; • permission may be given for ; [ .. turning some of the timber into • > ; ’ gavels. ; ” T-H-l lI 11 111 HUI! 14-H-1 II tt

J' - ' ' ’ ' ’ I * has specific properties In preventing the development of bone diseases of infancy and in aiding proper growth. Under the unfeigned encouragement of the medical profession, child welfare agencies have preached the doctrine of liberal administration of codliver oil in Infancy.” Doctor Fishbein’s article also stated that the council on. pharmacy and chemistry of the American Medical association agreed upon advising “routine administration of cod-liver oil to all growing provided the product had been standardized as to its actual potency.” Every Wharf Had Its Keg. Long before we had knowledge of’ vitamins, cod-11 ver oil was used. Coast dwellers and seafaring folk drank it in quantities as a means for withstanding exposure to weather and as a tonic. Their method of extracting it was» crude. Every wharf had itskeg sitting in the sun, the barrel full of cod livers, the oil separating and rising to the top where it was skimmed, off. Modem methods of rendering oil Include establishment of plants near enough to the fishing banks so that livers may be received fresh from thecatch with a minimum of ivitaminic* loss through exposure to the air. From a modest position as a byproduct of the fishing industry, the securing of livers for their oil is assuming an important and valuablemajor position. It is estimated that the world’s output of coif-liver oil in 1925 was approximately 2.809.091) gallons. or 94.000 barrels of 30 gallons each. When it is known that It takes about six tons of codfish to yield enough liver to produce one barrel of cod-liver oil. some idea can be gathered of the gain that thousands of fishing families experience as a result of the laboratory discovery of vitamin D. More A Than Milk. While cod-liver oil is essential chiefly for its content of vitamin D. the fact that It is also a rich storehouse of vitamin A is byway of being a (Minus that nature has thrown in for g<HMI measure. Vitamin A promotes growth and builds resistance against' pulmonary infections, colds, pneumonia. tunerculosis, and the like. It Is as essential as vitamin D, and the complete absence of one or the other generally results fatally. Vitamin A, unlike vitamin D, is present in other foods, principally In butter from cows that have been fed on green food, in milk and cream, and 4n green vegetables such as spinach. When It is known, however, that ope pint of cod-liver oil Is as rich in vitamin A as at least 1,209 pints of the best grade A milk, the greater concentration of the factor in oil becomes apparent. - Knowing that only two sources of the vital vitamin D exist, how truly we may say that a poor fish is eie-» vated to a position where it aloine vies with the sun In the service thjtt both render mankind, it is in this service that hundreds of thousands Os men are fishing the seas f«r better babies. With the promise of a sturdier race through ample access to the essential vitamin D. we may well sing alon£ with Sir Walter Scott. “It’s np’ fist* ye’re buying; it’s men’s lives.” " Can Do All but Act, So She Runs Shows Hartford. Conn. —Mish Marian Foliar, one of the few American women who are professional stage managers, has a record many young women would envy. She was on her way to success as an artist, but her desire to act Interfered with her studies, so she turned to the stage. Then the war came and she became a Red Cross worker, in which capacity she won the Croix de Guerre and other decorations. After her war experience she says: - “Acting was the one thing I just couldn’t do, so I turned to stage managing.” What of ItT . New York.—Twenty couples who have celebrated golden wedtfcngs seem to disagree with a statement that necking was unknown 50 years ago.

which had to bloom In less than a month. She assisted with the renovating, papering and carpentering. The cottage was ready when needed. The old inn is a house of antiques. As it passed from hand to band many reties of the past disappeared. Peasants occasionally bring these relies to the American woman, without explanation. They appropriated the objects to save them from vandalism, she say» | :—s —-. —■ Now It’# Hard to Keep the Girls on the Farm . Washington.—Even the girl won’t stay “down on the farm.” In a report to the general bureau of agricultural emonomics only 4 . per cent of the girls who said they liked farm life expressed a preference for farming as a livelihood. Teaching Is preferred hy 55 per eent, 7 per cent prefer nursing or social work. T 5 per eeitt. 2 per cent choose the a¥ts and 9 per cent express a wish for other miscellaneous occupations, h