The Syracuse Journal, Volume 19, Number 48, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 31 March 1927 — Page 6

Murk Brief Military Career % Jink >•&—fTi 11A?' Mrgir^^—|> < (SiW'zor jrwzj.zra j - f'Z ; ->r M 'W' By. ELMO SCOTT WATSON Z/ UV j » / W :L<

IVEItY American knows the name Mark Tr ain even though they are n<»t so familiar with his real name. Samuel I 4 nghome Clemens. All who have re id his books know something of his career'as a prlntef. a caje tan, a newspaper map. but most of nil he Is kfiown as, the great American humorist. Imubtless Itj will be a surprise to many to know that he was <mi ea volunteer In tlije ranks of the _ tk« anti PVPFI

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Confederate urrny during the < ml war. ana e\en though his experience as a soldier was a brief one. it was e entful and Interesting enough. The Story of this hitherto little-known period in Mark’s life has eomo to light recently In a tx>o'k publlshwl by th< Yale University Press under the title of ‘Ab-; loin Grimes, f'onfedfrate Mall Runner.' »•!;'. ! from Uapttiib brinies’ own story by M. M. Qtntife. For ten ye tes before the Civil war Absalom Grimes wh> i Mississippi river pilot running between St Louis and St. Paul. At [the outbreak of the war he enlisted in one of the jllttie companies of irregulars which were raised in Missouri to recruit the Cmfederate army. Sam Clemens was a member of this same company In which he had what he once referred to as his “short and inglorious military career." After the detachment had been dist*unded. Grimes volunteerft! for service aa a mail carrier between the Missouri and Kentucky Confederate troops in the South and their relatives at home. It was an e- :aardou«i dntj for every time he went through the Union lines be was In peril of capture and execution as a spy. During the siege, of Vicksburg Grimes ran the blockade'successfully by wiring his mall in tin boxes to the bottom of an overturned skiff and floating t>esl4e it through the Union gunboats. He was repel tedly captured and twice sentenced to death. He spent several months in the old Gratiot prison In St. Louis and at the en<| of the war was under sentence of death. However, the personal Intervention of President Linvottji. who gave him an un< oinliti mal pardon, saved ihis life. All in .all. the star;? of Absalom Grimes Is one of the most tbrilllnt Civil war narrative* that has yet been published and It Is one well worth preserving. This artlcio. however, has to do principally with Mark Twain and the chapter on "Uam|»aignlng With Mari Twain" in the book is in some respects funnier than anything which Mark himself ever wrote. Here Is how Absalom Gr|mes tells It: A short time afterward excUtement reached old I’talla (In Raila county wyat of Hapntbal> apd one fine morning I learned that a whole brigade of recruits had formed a camp at Nuck Matavna home, tao,miles 'wests of N'ew London. . . . 1 found that the consisted of ten young men. most of whom were my friends. Among thrin was Sa n Clemens »Mark Twain > The recruits were undetermined what destructive move they would make drat. On the suggestion of some one. nearly all ot them had their hai|r cut off as short aa possible so aa to allow the enemy no advantage tn close qua t»r* Tom Lyon acted aa the barber, using a pair of sheep shears. Any halr'that escaped rutting was pulled out oy the shears I joined the brigade and mounting an empty vinegar keg which was placed ur ter a shade tree, had my hair sheared N. iKhbortrg farmers who werejin sympathy with the South provided horses for who had none. After much deliberation and discussion of plans we decided to move •ur camp j westward, as we heard that come of the I ni. n 4rmy would be in Hannibal shortly and we were Hable to be captured at an> nj' tnent by them ; We wanted time to organise snd drill before their arrival. No two Soldiers vvtre the *ame equipment. ... It would be raeless for me to try to describe the appearance of that brigade ’when mounted. Nothing was uniform except that we all rode astride I will mention especially but one "war horse.’ the one that had been presented to Mark Twain He was a little yellow mule, as frisky aa a jack iabblt Ho had long, erect ears, was about four leet high, and carried his tall sticking straight out on a dead level with his back. He looked as 11 he had been mounted on the vinegar hi I.v n th, empanj barber, had used the sheep shcari on the wrong end. for bis tail was shaved a» with a raxor to withlp six inches of the end- which resembled a painter’s only took He was promptly christened “Paint Brush” by his mas-* ter. On this little mule were located Mark Twain, one valise, one carpet sack, one pair of gray blankets, one home-made quilt. One frying pan. one old-fashioned Kentucky squirrel'rifle, twenty yards of sea grain i rope, and one umbrella. ... We proceeded west until we reached the home of Col Bill Spinwn. and theh next day went on to Col. Ji’hn Ralls' home. He gave us a lecture on the importance of our mission and after his statement that he was duly authorised by Governor Jackson to enroll recruits for the southern army, ws were all swo’rn in . . On a branch of the Salt river we found another equad of men who had organised I company and called themselves the Salt River Tigers Their appearance would have fllled the enemy with ’errot*and caused a stampede equal to thi;t of Bull Run. A blacksmith had completed their equipment by providing each man with a huge sabor made from scytheh. sickle-barn, long flies and govdnesa knows what else.. . . . We decid ed to elect officers and the nominations for captain were William Ely iand Asa Glascock, the former veing elected. Then Glascock was unanimously ele< ted first lieutenant; Mark Twain was nominated for second lieutenant and he wan aeomptly e ected. . • <• «»»•« o« Mm for a speech. At er some hesitation, because of such a large audlr >ce (the Tigers were present L he mounted a log. blushing, and said. “You would scarce expect one of my age to speak In public on the—this log VTeIL boy a I thank you for electing mo your lieutenant. 1 will try to do my duty and the square thing by you. but 1 cannot make a speech. ..." J “■

Organized for Uplift of Christian Ideals

The Hl-f <*lub I* an organization of purposeful older high-acbool boys who are asking Christian Ideal* for themselves and for the social group «t which d hey are p part. The first high-school association of which there Is record was at lola. Mich, organized In 1870. This association Included boys and girls and existed for only , two or three years. In 1889 at Chapman. Kan . among ths boys of the

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When I left New London CoL Haneef ord Brown Rave me an old sword that he had worn in the Mexican war and his father had used In the War of 1813. While at Colohel Ralls' I concluded our aecond lieutenant should ha*e «■> sword. . . • * requested Cblonel Kalla to make the presentation speech, which he did. and Mark Twain responded. We then rode to the prairie, drew up in line and waited for Captain Ely to report—which he never did from that-day to- this. Lieutenant Glascock finally assumed command of the Ralls County Rangers, as we had named our company. . • • We had no tents, eo we cut sticks and stuck them into the ground and afiread some of our blankets and quilts over them. As for food, the most important part of the expedition. w»*h»d very little of any kind. The boys went foraging and brought Irfe corn meal, fat side meat and -ome sorghum. This constituted our bill of fare during the entire two weeks we remained there. It rained all the time we were there. N>ar our camp was located a log barn belonging to a farm house, and this we used for headquarters. . . . In It was a large trough In which we fed our horses. At night Clemens and I slept tn It. Some one brought us the news that the Yankee army was coming out of Hannibal in full force—that It wquld leave the railroad at Monroe City and march straight to our eamp. This report created much excitement and we decided to put out a picket guard. . . . Mark Twain was placed In charge and after dark we started for our post two miles north of camp at the mouth of a lane leading to Monroe City. . . c At one o’clock I heard the enemy coming and I aroused the other two soldiers Lieutenant Clemena mounted "Paint Brush”.and held our horses’ bridles while we went to the month of the lane to observe the movements Os the enemy. I stood in front and thus commanded the best view. Presently I saw them rise over the top of the hill and I raised my double-barreled shotgun and fired both barrela. Without remaining to see how many were killed, we turned and ran for our horses. To our horror we saw our lieutenant more than a hundred yards off and still going. We called him to halt knd finally Bowen leveled' his shotgun and yelled, <•!>— n you. Sam. If you don't atop. I’ll let her go!" Clemens halted, and When we caught up with him (Bowen still swearing' he said. “ Paint Brush' got so excited 1 couldn't hold him." We mounted and rode away at full speed, leaving Sam and "Paint Brush" far in the rear. The laat we heard him say WBB “t> « you, you want th* Yanks to capture " After a meager breakfast. I requested Sergeant Bowen to go to the mouth of the lane to'see ts the enemy had removed thetr dead. After viewing the field of battle I said. "Sam. 1 want to tell you something, but you must swear that you will never reveal a word of it to any living soul as long as you and 1 both live." He said he would swear and cross his heart. “Do you see tbo*e tall mullein atalks on the side of that hills Well, last night the wind caused them to wave and I would have sworn that they wers Fedarals on horseback.' "Well you d —n fool You played h—L didn’t youT' was his only remark. But en route we were jovial and joked about the lieutenant and “Paint Brush " The very first thing Bowen did when w* reached camp was to teß the whois story. . . . Mark Twain became afflicted with a boll and it was a source of much comfort to him that there were no stools or chairs In caiv.p. Mark had a lot of straw put In the feed trough and spent all of his time lying on the straw and wondering at the great amount of patience that Job possessed. Finally we decided to advance upon Monro* City. Mark, Twain was lying in his trough, wracked by his boil and remonstrated with us for thus breaking camp and showing no military discipline after all of our training. We told him that we wer* after blood and railroad iron and were going on the warpath. A* we were about to depart, he raised op on on* elbow and said. “If you are determined to go.- It’s no use for me to try and hold this poaltion by myself. Ab. if you will saddle and pack up ’Paint Brush,* I will join ths array and ffo with you." I saddled the mule and placed all of Mark’s baggage on him and the lieutenant rolled out of the trough and mounted him. It was but a few steps to Salt river which we had to cross, but we could not persuade the mules to take water. After a great effort Mark said. "Ab. I guess you will have to lead him In. He will not go for me-'' I tied one end of an inch rope around the mule* neck and took a turn with the other around the pommel ot my saddle. After some

country high school, there was srganiaed the first high school Young XJen’s Christian association that has bad a continuous existence. This organisation is nAw an affiliated Hi-T club and has maintained a continuous service. Later, city associations developed what were quite generally called high-school boys' clubs, often called "Bean Club*” because of the main artide of food used at their sup-

pers. For some years the statement ► has been made that the term “Hi-Y Club" was used first, by the West aid* branch of the Cleveland (Ohio) association. Slave* of tht Pen C. P. Scott, editor of the Manchester Guardian, said the other day that he remembered the time when the Guardian had only two sub-editors and two leader writers. The leader writers. It seems, worked on alternate days, "and usually contradicted each other." Din-

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

maneuvering we got the mule close to the river bank ana while he smelled the water I gave my horse a dig with the spurs and he jumped far-Put into the stream, dragging the mule. The the ‘ bank where we started was only a above water and the water was eight or ten reet deep j the first jump. My horse swam vigorously for the other bank. I looked back over my shoulder to | see how Mark and “Paint Brush” were faring. To) my horror neither was In sight and I thought both had drowned. I hurried across, knowing the rope would bling the mule. I landed safely and after a few steps in the edge of the water, the top of Mark's old slouch hat, then Mark and the mule. In ; turn, showed up. .The mule was very weak and weaving from side to side. When he was entirely • out of the water. Mark rolled off. removed his hat, took his handkerchief from his pocket, wrung the water out of it and wiped his face. Then he said in his slow, drawling tones, “Ab, that infernal ; mule waded every step of the way across that river." ... About three o’clock in the afternoon, tired an* hungry we stopped at a nice brick -house by the side of the road We tied our horses and went in. Presently in came a tall, thin woman with coifgray eyes and light hair that was combed back tight In a sharp voice she said. “What do you men wants Mark Twain acted as spokesman and said. "Madam, we are tired and hungry and would like to have something to eat.” "Get something to eat. would youT Well, you will not get it here!" “We are willing to pay for it” “Pay nothing! Get yourselves out of here, and that pretty quick or I will make you" Reaching behind her. she seized a large hickory stick and started for Clemens. “Hold on. madam! Don’t be so fast. Let us reason the case. We are gentlemen and intend to pay for food." 'Do you think I am going to feed any rebels and my husband a colonel in the Union army? Get out!" By this time all the boys were out and mounting the horses, while I remained just in the rear of Mark as he slowly backed toward the door, fearing to turn around and expose his boil to the woman with the club. She was striking at his shins, keeping him bent nearly double and all the . while he remonstrated with her, she was abusing the rebels and Secesh. After we had left her I asked Sam why he did not take his sword to her. "Do you think I would disgrace it by spilling the blood of a womanT’ he answered. “But I believe ■ she would just as soon hit me as not if I had not kept out of her way." We caught up with the other boys who were roaring with laughter about our lieutenant's battle with the Yankee woman. We met a man on the road who informed us that the house was owned by Colonel Tinker, who had been in the Yankee army about three moritha. “Well, who is ! that woman”? "That Is Mrs. Tinker. She is the general at home! “I should remark she is!" commented Sam. as we rode on. ' It was about one o'clock at night when we ar- : rived at Colonel Bill Splawn’s again. put„our horses in the ban and then climbed into the loft to sleep on the hay Mark selected a spot near the door In the gable end of the barn Soon after we went to sleep and some one yelled Fire!" Sure enough, a nice little Wire had started in the hay. Mark made two or three rolls over and accidentally went out the door, falling on the rocks below a drop of ten or twelve feet. The fall spraiaed his ankle and he sat there groaning and rubbing his ankle with one hand while he felt for his boil with the other. Meanwhile the boy* In the loft, were busily rolling up the burning hay and out of the same door Mark had fallen from and down on top of him Away be went down the slope on ail fours with the hay on his back. Several of us stood <n th* door and screamed with laughter He turned to us wfth Un- ) guage unfit for publication. We helped him to the barn almoet choked by our efforts to restrain our ; laughter. On* of our boys had gone to sleep with ! a lighted pip* in his mouth and set the hay * fi !n the afternoon we reached Nuck Matson's with our hair an inch longer than it was when we left there Nuck had his own good time making fun of our campaign and safe return without the loss of a man although our lieutenant had suffered several casualties. He was put to bed and tenderly cared for by Nuck and his kind wife. We disbanded and went in different directions. The Ust I saw ot Clemena he Uy groaning, his foot propped up, and the proportions ot hU wrappings mgde him look like a baby elephant. Mrs. Matson told me years afterwards' that he was laid up there a long tin* They g*ve him a crutch and kept a little negro boy on picket all the time at the end of the lane where it connected with the main road a auarter of a mile from the house. Frequently the little negro would be seen running for dear life toward th* house —a signal for Sam to grab his crutch and hasten to the bushes tn the woods pasture adjoining the house. By the time the negro would yell "Miss Mary! the Yanks is cornin'!” Sam would be in his hiding place, there to remain until notified. “Marse Sam. de Yanks U done gone!” I never learned what becam* of “Paint Brush.' When Sam left Mrs. Metsoa’s home he went to Keokuk, and then to Nevada with his brother. Aa a resuit qf that trip he wrote hl* first book "Roughing It"

ner was held sacred, and they habitually quitted the office at five o’clock sharp. “Thentr la a tradition," relates Mr. Scott, "that on a particular day the news arrived at five o’clock of the battle of Sedan. A clerk rushed in with a telegram, but the leader writer had on his hat and coat T am gone,' he said. ‘I am gone.’" Diamonds are found in all colors of the rainbow: Blue, green, yellow and red, the latter being the rarest hue.

RUSSIA‘S“LITTLE PARADISE" —■■■

Mn‘’Mra r taint □ far ■ w-v iwp il iwrM ■’ I 1 ’ 11 JIwWF wIfII w® ‘ Russian Recruits in Crimea.

fPrspsred by the National Geographic Society. Washington. D. C.) WHILE the thermometer was 40 degrees below zero in Moscow recently. almond trees were flowering in the Crimea on the Russian shore of the Black sea. This contrast emphasizes Russia’s vastness as well as it brings to notice a delightful spot of the hdge country little known in its details to Americans. Yet at the same time, it is a land with certain aspects known to every school child. It is the land of the Cimmerians about whom Homer sang in the “Odyssey" and from whom the peninsula takes its name; the land of the Crimean war. the siege of Sevastopol, and the “The Charge of the Light Brigade”; the land in which Florence Nightingale first ea :s»-d efficient. ordered mercy to have a part In /rar. The Crimea is known as “The Little Paradise” to the Tatars, last of the many races to overrun the peninsula before the land fell under the sway of the Muscovite. A traveler journeying from the north is likely to accept this appellation, if at all. with a strong mental reservation as he crosses the almost desert-like plains of northern Crimea: but once over the mountains that rim the southern shore he will approve the description with enthusiasm. There nature has made a wonderful garden spot, the Riviera of Russia, a combination of sea. mountains and riotous verdure that really vied with its famed Italian counterpart in the days when czarhood was in flower. Though a part of what has come to be looked upon on the whole as “cold Russia.” the southern shore of the Crimea brought to the old .empire a touch of the tropics. On the mountain slopes and tn the sheltered valleys grow grapes, figs, olives and all the tender fruits; magnolias, bays, and myrtles; and a profusion of wild flowers and grasses. That the delights of its mild climate were discovered early Is testified by the ruins of Greek. Byzantine, and Italian architecture which are to be found among the mosques of the later Tatars, the palaces bf the Russian imperial family and nobility, and the magnificent modern hotels of the pleasure towns to which the prosperous classes of Russia flocked before the World war. Yalta, in those carefree days, was Russia’s Nice. Newport and Miami rolled Into one. Many Fascinating Features. With a climate that borrows good features from Florida and southern California and bad ones from many places, the Crimea is one of the most fascinating bits of territory between Portugal and Cochin. China. Its populace a congress of races, its Industries ranging from the growing of subtropical fruits and the housing of Russia’s elite as they fled from the cold, to the herding of sheep and the growing of grain, it was a place of many sided activities. 1 As the men of wealth bf- America have their winter homes in Florida and those of western Europe have theirs along the Riviera, the people of position tn Russia had their country seats in the Crimea. And beautiful places they, were, for in Russia the rich were very rich. The height of the social season was from the middle of August to the first of November, but there was also a winter and a spring season. The peninsula is occupied by approximately GXFOOO people, mostly Ta tars, with a scattering of Russians. Greeks, Germans-and Jews. Cleanliness ami morality are said to be proverbiartralts of the Crimean Tatars, who have been undergoing the iriflu- | ences of russification for several generations. They have taken up vine culture, fruit growing, and kindred occupations with a zeal seldom equalled, east of the Aegean. The Crimea is a peninsula that barely escaped being an Island. It hangs from the mainland of South Russia down Into the Black sea. like a gigantic watch fob shaped like a flounder. It is attached by the narrow ribbon of the Isthmus of Perekop, a strip of land only three-quarters of a mile wide and only a few feet above sea level. On one side is the Black sea and on the other the shallow, melodorous waters of the Sivatch. or Putrid sea. a lagoon of the Sea of Azov. This is the only broken natural land connection between the mainland and the Crimea, but a few miles to the east a narrow part of the Putrid sea has been bridged by the railroad which enters the peninsula.

Watch Goes Forever A watch which, it is claimed, will go forever without rewinding has been made by Calixto prbero. a young watchmaker, of Lerido (Catalonia). This watch shows the seconds, minutes. hours, days, weeks, months and years. It gives the hour by night or day. the day of the week, the day of the month, leap years, the signs of the zodiac, the number of weeks remaining In the year, the time of sun-

Still farther eastward a peculiar natural formation, a mere threadlike causeway of sand known as the Tongue of Arabat, stretches for more than fifty miles from the mainland toi the base of the “flounder’s tail” that forms the easternmost extension of the Crimea. A canal. has been cut! through this spit of sand near its northern end* to connect the waters of the Sea of Azov and thosq of the Putrid sea. The intrenching or mining of these three narrow land entrances to the Crimea would be a relatively simple matter from the point of view of military engineering. The greatest width of the Crimea north and south is 115 miles, and its greatest length from “head” to “tail" is 225 miles. It contains about 9.700 square miles, and is thus approximately the size of rhe state of Vermont Or the islapd of Sicily. Before the World war its population was about 2.000.000. The Cimmerians. Celts and close cousins of the 1 Welsh, were the first people known to be in possession of the Crimea, at the early dawn of Greek history. They were driven out | by the Scythians. Coast communities | were established by the Greeks at a later date. The Huns overran the Crimea when they surged into Europe. '< It was colonized by Byzantine Greeks. Venetians and Genoese. The Tatars later took control and set up a Mohammedan state under a line of | khans. The Crim Tatars, who give the peninsula its name, by reason <of, their substantial, admixture of Greek and other bloods, have lost most ot the Mongolian features, being slender tn build, possessing aquilline noses, eyes that have lost the Oriental slant, and countenances not quite so inscrutable as the Eastern type. BakshiSaral, capital of the Tatars, remains little changed today, a slice of Asia tn Europe, The dominant feature of the old Tatar city is the palace of the khans. The Crimea was conquered by Catharine the Great of Russia in 1771 and remained a part of the Rusian empire until that political entity’s collapse in 1917. The bulk of the population remains Tatar, though there is’an admixture of both Greek and Italian blood in the nominally Tatar people. In the Crimean war fought by England, France and Turkey against Rus' sia the .final test of strength came at Sevastopol, on the west coast of the Crimefl. Here the factors of unlimited resources operated in the allies favor. Through their command of the sea they could secure everything needed while the Russians could bring up| their supplies only across the barren steppes, whose highways were marked at every step by the dead and the dying, both man and beast. Sevastopol and Its Palaces. It Is estimated that 50.000 British soldiers lie buried in the cemetery outside of Sevastopol. Before the World war this vast City of the Dead was watched over by a German who could speW no English, but who was pmud of hl’s privilege of guarding the ashes of those who fell at Balaklava and Inkerman. Sevastopol remained until 1917' a great military post for the old Russian regime, and it was as well the home port of the Russian Black sea fleet From there, according to cherished imjterial dreams, was to go forth, on the Russian counterpart of “Der Tag.” the forces that would wrest the Bosporus and Dardanelles from the Turk, and j ’ace the cross of St. George peer Constantinople and the Cross of Christ over Sancto Sophia. The imperial Large palace, to which It was once decided to send the late czar, is situated at Llvadia. surrounded hy a magnificent park. It is of recent construction, and was completed only about fifteen years ago. Hard by is the simply constructed Small palace. in an upper room of which Alexander HI died. In no other country in the world was the reigning ruler possessed of so many lands or such extensive properties as was the case in Russia. Southern Crimea Is ■ garden land. Its fruits were famous in the northern Russian markets, and from Its grapes a full-bodied, spicy wine was made. Vineyards covered more than 19.000 acres of the Crimea, and from them about 3.500.000 gallons of finequality wine was made each year. The waters around the peninsula abound In delicate fish, such as red and gray mullet, herring, mackerel, turbot soles, plaice, whiting, bream, haddock pilchard, a species of pike, whitebait, eels, salmon and sturgeon.

rise and sunset, the phases of the moon, and a number of other things. There are more than-800 parts Un the watch, which was made in 1,100 hours of spare-time work. f Humanity in Glacial Age. Geologists say that people were known to be living in Europe during the time of the last glacial sheet: however, no traces have been found in North America of human beings at this time. These human beings were uncivilized men of the old Stone age.

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