The Syracuse Journal, Volume 19, Number 33, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 16 December 1926 — Page 6

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fIE Nile had overflowed its banka When the waters receded, a tortoise was left upon the bank. In time this tortoise went the way of all other tortoises: he was completely dried up in the sun. But the tendons attached to the shell remained, becoming tightly drawn by the expansion of the shell. Hermes, wandering upon the bank, accidentally struck his foot against It. The tendons resounded, and Hermes found the natural lyre.

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This legend of the discovery of one of the oldest of musical Instruments is to be found in Greek and Hindu mythology. *»d indicates the great antiquity to which the art of music traces Itself. Nobody knows Just when or where music had Its beginning, but we do know that music began long before the dawn of history. It Is certain, too, that music antedates painting, sculpture and other arts. Whether instrumental music was the forerunner of singing, or vice versa, is speculative, but there Is no questioning that from the dimmest ages of recorded time down to the present day the strange power of controlled vibrations has left its influence on man. The wherefore of music is another mystery. As to whether music was an imitation of natural sound or merely the natural expression of human feelings, there remains little doubt. Students are inclined to believe that musical instruments in their primitive forms were derived directly from nature. The whistling of the wind through the trees and vines, the twang of the bowstring as the arrow is released, the echo in the cave, or the rumbling of a h«dlow log when struck are but a few of the many causes which may have suggested to the early man the possibilities of sound-producing instruments Here's How Music Is Made. Since the first musical Instrument was conceived, there have been hundreds of different kinds evolved, most of which have long since been forgotten. All. however, have been based on three methods by which musical sound may be produced. One is by vibrating strings, another by vibrating bodies either hollow or solid, set Into motion by blown In the first, the strings or corresponding material. are set Into vibration by being rubbed, plucked or struck; In the second the air columns In the tubes of various lengths may either vibrate themselves or the air currents may set into vibration thin tongues of ree<k or metal in the mouthpieces of the instruments, or, they may cause to vibrate the lips of the players pressed against the mouthpiece, while In the third, the bodies which are set into motion by blows may consist of almost any substance-— stretched skins, parchments, pieces of wood, or metal, and may be of any aim* or shape. In the modern orchestra, these meth * are represented in the string section, the wtnu section made up of “woodwinds and brasses,” and the percussion •action. It is not without probability that the first musical instrument was a primitive form of dram, although the flute in its earliest forms dates back to two or three thousand years before the Christian era. Rapping or pounding on something is almost an instinctive emotional outlet, and In the childhood of the race such instinctive outlet probably gave rise to some forerunner of the present percussion instruments. It was music of a sort, but it was crude, harsh and discordant—to modern ears at least, as is most of the music found in savage tribes today. The horn was another Instrument that made Its appearance early. The very word, “horn.” used to designate the great family of wind Instruments, holds the suggestion of Its origin. There Is every reason for believing that the earliest musicians utilised the crude horns of beasts for their instruments, and to this day the sho far is blown in

Crocodile Held as Messenger of Gods

What tribute was paid to these hideous monsters, thus exalted to godship I They wore precious Jewels around their thick necks and as bracelets on their short and stubby legs, and carried down Into the mud and ooxe the lake bottom the finest specimens of the Jeweler’s art; enamels Inlaid with gold and gems, delicately forged chains, so fine the eye could scarcely use the links, engraved rock-crystals.

Jewish synagogues in connection with certain festivals. Egypt Improved the Art Os the ancient nations, the Egyptians contributed greatest to the music in their time. The Egyptians discovered the mathematical formula which controls sound vibrations, and made use of this knowledge to fashion instruments which would give forth the tones they desired. This was the beginning of artificial instruments —in the sense that they were not mere adaptations of something found in the natural state. String instruments were used extensively by the early Egyptians, and up until the Napoleonic expedition to Egypt, the outstanding musical instrument of Egypt was the sistrum. This whs merely a short oval hand frame which held three or four metal bars. Bells were hung upon these bars, and by shaking the instrument, as a baby shakes a rattle, which It really in principle resembles, a jingling of the bars and bells was produced. The harp was very popular, too, though it lacked the front board or “pole" found in the present-day instruments of that name, and there were a variety of lyres. In addition there was a nabla, a sort of guitar; flutes, single or double, tambourine and handrums. The flute was generally played by men and the tambourine by women. India was another ancient nation high in musical development. Music there seems to have bad the treatment of a fine art, and had’both taste and discrimination. Os the Hindu contribution to music, the vina comes first. It had four strings and resembles more th? guitar than the lyre. Its tone is both full and delicate and the music composed for it is usually brilliant and rapid. The Hindus seem to have bad their Llstzs and Rubensteins, and in the Eighteenth century Djlvan Shah was known throughout India as a virtuoso on the vina. A guitar called magoudi is another popular instrument, and the Hindus to this day have four kinds of drums, of which a muffled drum called ••tare" Is used exclusively for funeral occasions. The Horn* Have Their Day. With the rise of the Roman empire in the world picture, there was a decided change in the style and popularity of instruments. There was a trend away from the string instruments and more towards the horn type of instrument. The reason for this is not hard to find. String Instruments were found unsatisfactory for military purpoMM. They not only lacked carrying power, but also did not force the emotional reaction that, would lead an army to battle. Consequently, the trumpet and the drum came into common use. the trumi»et retaining something of the shape of the natural horn, although it was now made of copper and sometimes of bronze. Two instruments of this period stand out One was the lituus, a sort of trumpet used by the Roman cavalry. This was nearly five feet long with the bell turned back toward the performer after the fashion of a huge, long-stemmed pipe. The buccina. remotely similar to the modern helicon in that It was curved in a circle and was carried about the body of the performer, was probably the ancestor of the modern trombone. Both Instruments possessed a martial quality of tone which was used to good effect wherever the Roman armies engaged in combat. Contact with the Saracens through the Crusades brought Europeans a knowledge of strange eastern instruments, principally the tom-tom in one form or another, and bells. The Fifteenth century finds wide use of a queer Instrument called the may horn. This consists of a piece of bark twisted into the shape of a funnel. Into the narrow part of which was fitted a short section of marsh reed. These Instruments were made and played upon by the country folk much

and charms and emblems of precious stones. Strangest cult of all. this cult of the crocodile! At feeding time the monstrous gods emerged from the slime, to be fed delicate food thrown them by their worshipers. To propitiate them the poor went hungry, and stood by watching them as, sated with richness, they sank back again to carry their prayers and their messages to

who knows what powers of the underworld. —Mary Roberts Rinehart in Hearst's International-Cosmopolitan. Homing Pigeont Valuable Fanciers of homing pigeons set high prices on their birds, some of which have brought as much as S2OO each. Owners of the pigeons become as attached to them as does a dog or horse fancier to his particular pet Homing pigeons have great endurance powers, being able to fly 12 to 15 hours without rest. A homing pigeon

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

I as youngsters in America make willow whistles. Before very long, however, we find this instru- '■ ment undergoing development in two directions. In one case it became a short conical wooden tube with a flaring bell, later to be known as the oboe, o and in the other it developed into a long wooden tube of large calibre known today as the bassoon. In Europe this Instrument is called the fagot because of its resemblance to a bunch of sticks. Bagpipe First of the “Moderns” The first really modern instrument is the bagpipe, which came into prominence In Scotland about the time Columbus discovered America. It is regarded as modern because this Instrument today is essentially what it was when first, originated. While bagpipes had been known in both Ireland and England, the Scotch did what the others failed to do—they made the bagpipe a national institution, and today there Is no instrument so Intimately associated with, none so typical of, a people, as the bagpipes of the Scotch. The Sixteenth century also saw the coming of the serpent, a cup-mouthpiece Instrument. The serpent marks the first attempt, except for the ancient form of the trombone, to get more than one progression of tones from the same tube. It is the direct progenitor of the keyed bugle, and * therefore the ancestor of all valve and key instruments in use today. Early in the Seventeenth century came the hunting horn, and toward its close, the chalumeau, which laid the foundations for the development of : what we know today as the clarinet The invention in 1830 of the valve for introducing different ' lengths of tubing in brass Instruments so as to., give wider range of notes, and the perfection a little later of the piston valve by Antoine Sax, who later invented the saxophone, made possible musical instruments as we know them today. The saxophone continues to hold a unique place among musical instruments in that, being a brass Instrument, it has a mouthpiece which contains a reed like a woodwind. Its voice Is therefore a blending of the tone qualities of both the reed and the born. Efforts in more recent years have been devoted largely to improving existing instruments and adapting them to special requirements of the day. The perfection of the hydraulic process in the making of instruments has all but revolutionized the industry and the human element has practically been done away with in their manufacture. The mechanical precision with which band instruments are manufactured today makes it possible for the most inexperienced youngster to secure an Instrument that is many times superior to any played by the master artist of the seventies and eighties. Find Music Everywhere. It is interesting to contrast the music of old and the place It holds In the national life of today. In olden days, the playing of a musical instrument, like reading and writing, was an accomplishment possible only to a limited group of members of the leisure class, or of those whose duties required it of them. Group music, to be sure, was often in evidence before royalty and at the military and social affairs, but for the average person, it was more or leas of an event Today, It may be said that nothing is begun or ended without music of some sort In school, in church, in lodge, in meeting, in theater, in convention—music is closely intertwined with all these activities. The radio, phonograph, music memory contests, schoolband tournaments, and similar events have made music an intimate experience of every man, woman and child, so that there is more active participation in music today than at any other time in the history of the world. Extraordinary evidence of the value present-day society places upon music is to be seen from the status of this subject in our public schools. Music is now included in the curriculum of a large number of grade schools, half of our colleges and universities. and it has been estimated that about a million high-school boys and girls each year receive some sort of musical training.

weighing 16 ounces will consume only an ounce of food a day. Caff/e and Lightning The greater portion of the loss of cattle killed by lightning is caused by cattle drifting against wire fences during thunderstorms and being struck by lightning, which may be collected by the fence at a distance and brought to the herd with sufficient force to kill them. It is not often that cattle are killed by direct stroke unless it be under trees

Beret and Earlap Type Smart; Paris Features Fabric Contrast

VERY considerate is it of our milliners this winter to make way for our fur collars by creating hats which have little or no brim. Os course with brims conspicuous by their absence, responsibility for the conveying of the style message devolves to a great extent upon the crowns of our hats. There Is the little hat shown first in this group; modishness !• written all over it, yet It is mostly all crown save Just a suggestion of a cunning little brim forming an earlap effect at the back. This clever model is styled of arctic blue antelope felt, edged with

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grosgrain ribbon of self tone. There is an ombre lacquered quill half encircling it. By the way, the latest millinery sensation is the earlap hat. A fetching Version of this new type is portrayed in the center of this picture. For this the designer draped and slashed and folded Into place a cameo-brown felt hood, binding it with grosgrain ribbon of self shade, adding a gold buckle fastening. In the stylish beret shown to the right at the top again is demonstrated the Idea of hats trending mostly to crown these days. The beret, of which this Is an arresting exponent, is proving immensely popular. This one

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to of totem-orange felt with band effect of flat llxardlte in tones of black and red. Further banding Is accomplished with black grosgrain ribbon. A band of felt arranged as a sash about the crown line of a soft draped felt hood describes the stunning shape to the left below. Again the beret attains distinction In the model shown last in this group. The broad band of black belting ribbon together with two brushes of black burnt peacock impart the finish-

Women’s Dinner Coat With the dinner jacket, which ranks as very smart, especially when the waistcoat Is gold or sliver lame, the thing to wear is a double-decked evening cap, with a soft velvet top and a broad gold peak. Black and Gray A distinctive sport ensemble consists of a black kasha jumper worn with a gray kasha skirt, a black felt hat and n srrav fox fur.

Ing touch to this charming model. Paris has become interested in suits of the youthful short-jacket type. Many are the fascinating interpretations which this newest mode promises. The fact that the shortjacketed costumes feature fabric contrasts adds to their novelty. Velvet or velveteen for the jacket, with kasha cloth, crepella or some other wool material for the skirt outlines one of the various developments of this recent style innovation. Very swagger types are of fine wool repp or mixtures for the entire suit, collared, cuffed and pocketed wltk

spotted calfskin or some other equally as fashionable smooth fur. Some, I times the entire coatee is made of thq smooth pelt, the cloth of the skirt be» Ing inset in the collar and cuffs. Os tuxedo inspiration is the modish short-jacket suit in this picture. Beigq kasha is employed for the skirt with grackle blue velvet for the nifty coat. A pleasing costume emanating from a leading Parisian atelier consists of a short Norfolk jacket of beige velveteen worn over a like-colored crepe frock printed In tiny plaidings. Topping this outfit is a hat of stitched beige velveteen. Very striking is an ensemble thq skirt of which is black velvet. Ove»

thls Is posed a short jacket of black-and-white-spotted calfskin. Ultrasmartness is the word for this combination. And then there is the sleeveless jacket! French women are wearing them over dresses of matching crepe or suede cloth. Beige is a favorit* color. It is said that the sleeveles* jacket will play a very important part In spring styling. JULIA BOTTOMLEY. ISM. by W««t«rn Newspaper Union.)

Jet Again Popular Jet is coming Into fashion again and Is seen as trimming on dresses But it is usually dyed green, blue o» red, to give an emerald, sapphire ot ruby effect, and it is used for evening dresses. Fragile Capes of Tulle Exquisitely beautiful. but rathm fragile are capes made of rows and rows of tulle ruffles. Some are In a single tone, others in pastel shadings

I Have Kidneys Examined By Your Doctor Taka Salta to Wash Kidneys if Back Pains You or Bladder Bothers Flush your kidneys by drinking a quart of water each day, also take salts occasionally, says a noted authority, who tells us that too much rich food forms acids which almost paralyze the kidneys In their efforts to expel It from the blood. They become sluggish and weaken; then you may suffer with a dull misery in the kidney region, sharp pains In the back or sick headache, dizziness, your stomach sours, tongue Is coated, and when the weather is bad you have rheumatic twinges. The urine gets cloudy, full of sediment, th<? channels often get sore and Irritated, obliging you to seek relief two or three times during the night To help neutralize these Irritating acids, to help cleanse the kidneys and flush off the body’s urinous waste, get four ounces of Jad Salts from any pharmacy here; take a tablespoonful in a glass of water before breakfast for a few days, and your kidneys may then act fine. This famous salts is made from the acid of grapes and lemon juice, combined with lithia, and has been used for years to help flush and stimulate sluggish kidneys; also to neutralize the acids in the system so they no longer irritate, thus often relieving bladder weakness. Jad Salts is inexpensive, cannot injure and makes a delightful effervescent lithia-water drink. Traveling Schoolrooms Schoolrooms on wheels are how a feature in sparsely settled regions of northern Ontario. They form a part of the educational program introduced by the province, working In conjunction with the railroad. Cars, overhauled to form schoolrooms are supplied with modern equipment and provide accommodations for a teacher Tlie rolling school? will be routed tv various outlying parts of Ontario. Freshen a Heavy Skin With the antiseptic, fascinating Cutlcura Talcum Powder, an exquisitely scented, economical face, skin, baby and dusting powder and perfume. Renders other perfumes superfluous. One of the Cuticura Toilet Trio (Soapt Ointment, cum). —A dvertisement. he Wondered “Jenks and his divorced wife are going to be remarried next week. Are you invited?" “Yes. I wonder if they’ll have the gall to expect another set of wedding presents.”—Boston Transcript. Measurements “Any gold-bearing quartz In that mine you grubstaked?" “Quartz.” repeated Cactus Joe. “There aren’t even pints!” Success at first doth many times undo men at last. —Venning.

Sure Relief eV ' 6Bell-an S Hot water Sure Relief DELL-ANS FOR INDIGESTION 25<t and 75* Everywhere STUBBORN SORES and inflammations quickly yield to Resinol IWI fl teeth is made easy”) MRS.WINSLOW’S ( SYRUP ' Tka Inf ant •’ and Children’a Ragulator At all drugguto Noo-Narcotic, Non-Alcoholic Oakland, Nebr., Feb. 28,1920 Anflo-American Drug Co.. Gentlemen: I am more than glad to tell »ou of the experience and result obtained from your wonderful Baby Medicine. Our second baby is now seven months old and has never given ns a moment s trouble. The first and only thing she has ever taken was Mrs. Winslow s Syrup. She has four teeth and is always smiling and playing. Cutting teeth is made easy by the use of Mrs. Winslow's Syrup. Most sincerely. Jfameon ngtusf) ANGLO-AMERICAN DRUG CO. 215-217 Fulton Strwt. Naw York Garfield Tea Was Your Grandmother’s Remedy ■j~pm For every stomach and Intestinal ill. This good old-fash-loned herb home remedy for const!dWnTLTJ i7rS pation, stomach ills and other derangemeats of the system so prevalent these days is in even greater favor as a family medicin* than in your grandmother’s day.

_ INSIST UPON ■? Kemps ralsam forthat COUGH/