The Syracuse Journal, Volume 19, Number 19, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 9 September 1926 — Page 7

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By GUY U. HARDY Congrsssman from Colorado. UK biggest business enterprise in the world is that of the United States govwmment The congress Is the board of dlrectoni, so to speak, and the manager In away. The two most Important functions of congress are: First, appropriating the money ft»r ths conduct of the various enterprises of the government

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« Second, raising the funds which are required for the conduct of this great business enterprise. This Is done principally through the internal revenue and the tariff acts. The books are balanced for the fiscal year ending June 80. 1925. The estimates are made and money mostly spent for 1920. and appropriations are now made for 1927. Look at the figures for 1925. They are inters anting, showing as they do what It costs to run this vast government for a year. In these figures I will Include receipts and expenditures In the Post .Office department. They are usually left out of such comparisons: Ver 1334 ■Total r*«*lpt* 84.433.744.143.41 Total .4.189,334.32348 Surplus • 2M.4U.233.33 Two big Items of expenditure are the Post Office department and the public debt These items In 1925 were as follows: Debt retired trona ordinary receipt* 3448,538.113 88 Interest on public debt. SSI.SOS.SIB.St Post offiee servtc*.. 422,808,141.1? Total |1.371.143.487 34 The appropriations made by congress for the fiscal year ending June 30. 1927, will amount to about $3,900,000,000. It may interest you to know kow this vast sum at money la split up among the different departments and Independent establishments of the government. For the Post Office department and the postal Barrie* the appropriation for next year amounts to 8735.038.831. It is about three quarters of a billion dollar*. Just about the total cost of running the federal government In 1914 outside of the postal service. The post office service cost $697.067.449 tn 1926, and 8639,422,451 tn 1925. But go back to 1914 again. It cost only to run the postal service that year. These increasing amount* do not Indicate extravagance. but do tndleats growing business, additional service, and increaaed pay for postal employee*. The postal service is practically self-sustaining. The people who use the postal service pay the bills. It lost about 824.000,000 In 1026. and Will lose about the same amount in 1927. Where does the money all go? What la the world can the postmaster and the service use that altogether costa three-quarters of a billion dollar* In a year? Well, her* ar* a few Items that may Interest jou: Wrapping twine, and so forth, costs 8470,009 The stationery costs 8919.000. which would be a good big yearly order for any print shop. It costa $7,750,000 to print the postage stamps, stamped envelopes, postcards, and newspaper wrapper*. For mail bags and their repair the sum of $2,900,000 was appropriated. The star-route service, where the mall is transported to or between post offices off the railroads, costs 813.100.000. It cost* about $113,500,000 to have the mail* hauled by railroads and $1,550,000 by steamboat*. It costs 800,986.121 for the service performed by

Queen Gave Money for Free Library

The tort free circulating library in America was sponsored by Queen Anno in 16W. who not only contributed *2.000 of her own money for the project but prevailed upon William 111. then king of England. to aadit la t substantial manner. The library. boused In a little brick build tag on State House hill, in AnnapoUh Mi, started with 1.000 volumes, and trow tbs first played a big pan in the

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the railroad mall clerks, most, of whom sort and / route the malls on the trains. You like to have your mall delivered at your front door every day. or several times a day. It costs $116,600,000 to pay salaries to your letter carriers. It will require $8,600,000 to pay boy* to carry special delivery letters next year. In this modern day the farmer gets almost as good mall delivery service as the city man. More than 45397 rural routes run out through farming sections covering 1.249,304 miles. These rural route carriers will be paid approximately 8106,- . 600,000 for next year. This remarkable service was started only 29 years ago. The service and expenditures have been just about doubled in the last 10 years. The air service is the latest development for rapid transportation of the malls, a line of airplanes carries the mall between New York and San Francisco. Thia service is more or less experimental. It costs 82.630.000 a year, and $2,000,000 is being appropriated for contract air-mail service In other sections. The appropriation for the War department for next year is $342,609,611.16. This la divided up thus: For military activities. $263,948,856.16, and for nonmilitary activities. 878,600.755. A good deal of money for peace times But not half as much a* some enthusiasts would have ns spend. Congress Is between two fires. One class of cltlaens would have us cut the army down to a minimum. Another class would enlarge it greatly. During the discussion of this bill member* of congress received, thousands of telegrams from cltisens asking for enlarged activities and increased appropriations. Congress ha* endeavored to do the safe and sane thing and to keep the enormous expense of the military establishment from growing unduly tn peace time. The site of the army la limited by the appropriation bill to a maximum of. and not to exceed 12.000 commissioned officers, 125.000 enlisted men. end 8,000 Philippine scouts The average number in the array will be about 11,749 officers, 118.750 men. and 7.000 Philippine scouts. -There are, naturally, some large Items of expense tn connection with an army of this six*. The food btU is 816.109.908 and the clothing bill Is $5,101,916; for the medical department 81.280, ■ 952; air service, 815.256.694; United State* Mlil- ' tary academy, $2,841,439. In the nonmilitary activities are some interesting Items. The Panama canal costa 87.666,074, but we get about 814.000,000 a year more than a•? spend down there. National cemeteries cost 8777.860 and national military park* 8216.104. The sum of 850,200,000 wilt be spent on rivers and harbors and 810,400.000 for flood control. For national soldier*’ homes $8,255,100 is included. The amount appropriated for the Navy department for next year is 8821.794.475. That is $19,000.000 more than was appropriated for the past year. But the amount congress gives the navy for next year 1* 81JSW5 Ism than the budget estimates. The big Item tn the bill is pay of the navy, which amount* to $119,863,000, This provides for about 4.837 officers and 82.500 men. Provisions cost $19,207,000. Fuel. 813,950.000. For new construction of vessels, $38,275,000. Air service, $lB,906.288. To battleships, $7,500,009. Ma-

life of the families of the royal colony. The idea for sack a library was conceived by Dr. Thomas Bray, a London cleric, who had been appointed commissary of ecclesiastical affaire In Maryland. It was not a much sought after appointment, but Doctor Bray accepted, provided the bishops would help him provide parochial libraries for the use of missionaries veiunteerIng to go to America. The btabopa In*

domed his proposal, but before Doctor Bray was ready to sail for his new field his Idea bad expanded until it embraced a library for the gentry as well as for the clergy and “whomsoever should wish to borrow a book.** The books which made up this first free library are now boused In the library of St John’s coUege.—Baltimore Sun. Flirt 815 Miln an Hoar A fly which travels 815 miles an boor iu described by Dr. Cbariea Town*

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

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rine corps, which Includes about 1.095 officer* and 18,000 men, $23,220,347. The Interior department gets $226,332,918 of the appropriation for 1927. This is about $7,800,000 less than it was for 1925. As a matter of fact, a large part of this sum goes for pensions to the veterans of wars previous to the great World war. The Interior department has to do largely with the western states, since the public lauds are there, and most of the Indians. The reclamation projects and the national parks are mostly in the west but they are open to and operated for the benefit of the public at large. Checks that go out from the bureau of pensions are cashed in every hamlet, village and town in the land and the bureau of education serves the people of the nation as a whole. “■ The Department of Agriculture gets $139,275,823 under the appropriation act for 1927. In 1925 it got $138,075,191. A big part of this sum'goes for federal aid to highway system and for forest roads. The varied activities of the Agriculture department are indicated somewhat by the different bureaus, and the amount appropriated suggests the large extent of service rendered. Here are some items in the appropriations for 1927: Experiment 5tati0n533.338.544 Extension Service3,B9o,s4B Weather Bureau. 2,343,080 Bureau of Animal Industry., ju 3,477.743 Bureau of Dairy Industry....". 435.034 Bureau of Plant Industry3,ooß,oss Forest Serviceß,2Bs,sol Bureau of Chemistry....... 1.401.804 Bureau of 50i15588,480 Bureau of Entomology 2,425.148 Biological Survey. ■.•.*.*••«..*.«•••••••. 98• ,345 Agricultural Economics 4,744.307 Home Economics 127.344 Insecticide 80ard.... 200,705 And there are a lot of miscellaneous activities of benefit to agriculture here and there in one way and another that cost large sums. Here ar* several .- Enforcement of plant quarantine act. $425,000; eradication of pink bollworm in cotton. $300.000; co-operative forest-fire protection. $710,000; experiments in live stock production, $85,000; packers and stockyards act enforcement, $440,000; grain futures act enforcement, $121,530. Next to the Poet Office department the treasury has the most employee* of any, having something like 52.000 people on the payroll. Internal Bsvsnus Ssrvlc* c05t5335.174.000 National prohibition saforcomsnt 10.435.483 Custom* B«rvtcs.. 17.248.000 Federal Farm Losn Bureau 453,409 Bursa* of Engraving and Printing 7.747.400 Coast Guard 34.313.140 Sscrst Bevvies 434.130 Public Health Ssrvlc* 0,314,000 Hint and Assay Office« 1.444.750 Public buildings.J. 12.514.334 The prohibition unit has to do with enforcement of national prohibition and narcotic acta. In the service are about 3,800 men. The coast guard has much to do with the prevention of smuggling—and much attempted smuggling is In violation of the prohibition acts. Quite * fleet Is maintained by th* coast guard. It include* 74 vessels for regular activities and 852 ships and boats for use in the antismuggling service. In addition some new boats and five airplanes are bring built for this activity.

send In the Scientific American. The insect is known technically aa Cephenemyla and is one of the lesser known flies. It flies so fast ’that it would be Impossible to capture one while in flight. In appearance the fly resembles a leanly bunt bumblebee. Time Brings Change* Jud Tunkins says what a man thinks of himself in youth Is a billboard. The performance he gives in maturity is Hable to boa different SUbRJk.

BS the HcabinetlZj (6. ISM. Weatern Newspaper Union.) The constant duty of every man to his fellow la to ascertain his own powers and special ffifts, and to strengthen them for the help of others.—John Ruskin. “I protest I do honor a chine of beef. I do reverence a loin of vest** SEASONABLE SUGGESTIONS To give variety and elegance to Informal meals there Is no better aid

than a well-stocked fruit closet This is the time of the year to fill the ' shelves with Jams, Jellies, j preserves and conserves. The following suggestions may be worth while in regard to their use: A cornstarch pudding topped with a spoonful |

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of strawberry preserves or any other small fruit, makes a plain dish quite out of the ordinary. Any pudding like rice, bread, leftover cake with plain custard Is rlchet and more tasty with a spoonful oi jelly or jam dotted over It. s Milk toagt is delicious served with i blueberry jelly, blackberry Jam ot loganberry preserve. A firm jelly may be cut into cubes to use In fruit salads, to garnish cocktails. cake frosting, as well as Ice ’ cream. Jelly rolls, jelly tarts. Jelly doughI nuts and jelly omelet are all easy to make if one lias plenty of jelly. i Jams or jellies are good to serve with waffles and griddle cakes; piled In layers with plenty of butter and jelly on each layer, they may be cut as pie and are served as desseTt. Very small baking powder biscuits, opened and spread with butter, then with Jam or Jelly are fine; cover and serve hot as a tasty sandwich. Apple sauce with a few spoonfuls of strawberry jam added makes an entirely different sauce. Crush strawberries until wellmashed. then take equal measures of sugar, stir and let stand in a cool place until all the sugar has been well dissolved and absorbed by the berries. Have cans well sterijized and cool, fill and seal, without cooking. Keep in a very cool .cellar and they will be good to the last can. Raspberries and other small fruits may be canned fresh in the same way. This Is the time to preserve watermelon pickles for the winter. Soaked over night in salted water, then cooked in dear water until tender and then dropped into a spicy vinegar and sugar and scalded, then canned, they will be a welcome dish in the winter. Rhubarb Jelly is particularly good with ham. Grape, currant, mint and pineapple are served with meats. When serving game a spoonful of currant Jelly added to the gravy makes a piquant sauce. To avoid in sauces and gravies add the fat to the flour and cook' before adding the liquid, or when sugar Is used mix flour and sugar well before adding it. Sandwiches. Stone, drain and thinly slice red and white cherries. Add an equal

measure of chopped drained pineapple and { one-fourth of a cupful of chopped pecan meats. Moisten with mayonnaise dressing. Use as a filling between

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slices of nut bread spread with mayj onnaise and buttter. Garnish with fresh fruit and leaves if possible. Sardines, Eggs and Pimento Sandwiches. —Drain sardines from the oil, using a medium-sized can. Remove . the skins, bones and finely mince. Rub I the yolks of six hard-cooked eggs i through a sieve and chop the whites very fine. Drain four pimentoes from the liquor in can, rinse in cold water, dry between the folds of a cloth and chop fine. Mix ail well with a nicely seasoned mayonnaise dressing. Rip* Olive and English Walnut Sandwiches.—Drain ripe olives from the brine and cut the meat from the pita, finely chop and drain; there should be a cupful. Chop two-thirds of a cupful of fresh walnut meat* mix with the olive meat and add mayonnaise. Spread thin slices of white bread with pimento butter, spread half of the slices with mayonnaise and the olive mixture. Put together in pairs, press the edges and trim off crusts. Serve with coffee. Sweet Butter, Ham and Mustard Sandwiches.—Cream one-half pound of butter (unsalted), add sufficient French mustard to highly season it. Spread thin slices of bread with the butter; cover one-half of th* slices with thinly sliced boiled ham, put together In pairs, trim off th* crusts and cut Into any desired shape. Carmi Sandwich**.—Drain sardines from a large can. Remove the skins and bones and finely mince. Add two tablespoonfuls of finely chopped sour pickles, season with salt, mustard, pepper, catsup and moisten with mayonnaise. Spread rye bread with horseradish butter, and half the slices with the sardine mixture. Put together in pairs, cut into rounds and Serve with any crisp salad. Brawn and Whit* Sandwiches— Spread brown bread with butter and French mustard, spread white bread with snappy rich cheese. Put together in pairs and cut with a round cutter. Cherry Tree*» Enemies The bureau of plant industry say* that the robins, and blackbirds ar* th* greatest menace to cherry growing There is no satisfactory way to combat these pests. If the trees are small the cherries may be protected by covering them with a mosquito netting. Springe From the Heart True charity is spontaneous and finds its own occasion, It Is never th* offspring of importunity, nor of emulation.—Hoeea Ballou.

CHIC STYLES FOR SCHOOL; EARLY FALL MILLINERY

RIGHT In the midst of the long vacation mother wakes up on some placid summer morning with something weighing on her mind. It is the fact that Marguerite. Frances. Mary and the rest must soon be answering the roll call at school and thereby hangs a tale of new clothes for fast growing youngsters. Wherewithal shall they be clothed for the fall season? Is there anything new in fabrics that Is worth considering? If not, which of the old reliables is fa- ' vored? It goes without saying that • school frocks must be simple—but how shall they be varied and what

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little details of finish reveal their up-to-dateness? Beginning with wool fabrics, jersey seems to stand at the head of a dependable class which includes twills, wool crepes and various novelty weaves for dresses. In silks, crepe de chine, canton crepe and other wash silks are as practical as wool or cotton for school frocks, while the smaller fry will still wear everyday clothes of sturdy cotton weaves. In wool and silk materials the favored colors are chanel red, navy blue, peony, deep green, brighter reds and some black, rat beige, rose, brown and various

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blues are all represented. As for style points, bloused waistlines, small . collars, jabots, plaits, bolero jackets, smocking and embroidery (In crossstitch or other simple effects) are approved and recurrent in the new displays. Leather belts with metallic buckles, metallic buttons and little buckles placed at the collar, ail contribute decorative touches. Coats include the straightline, flared and cape-coat varieties made of wool cheviot, velours, broadcloth and other coatings and velveteen may be consld-

Reaches Below the Ankles A rather different bouffant frock Is of black satin with a high neckline at the front and reaching to below the ankles. The back has a deep decolletage outlined with a fichu of fine lace. It is very short in bank. The Double Neckline A rather new note has been touched by the double neckline. The top one to of a transparent fabric cut dose to the neck and the under one to extremely decollete.

ered In the list snug collars and full sleeves with varied treatments of the shoulder line are liked for girls up to their middle teens. In August fashion sounds the retreat of summer millinery from shops and departments to make way for betweeu-seasons and fall hats. These begin to arrive In late July and soon replace their more fragile sisters, however lovely they are, with sturdier stuff. This year the advance guard of fall headwear was made up of light-colored felt and velours hats, many of them having medium wide brims and high dented crowns. The?

are soft and therefore supple anti adaptable, with brims that may bu turned up or down and crowns that may be dented to suit the wearer. These were soon followed by felt blocked shapes and draped hats of antelope and foulard felts In darker colors. Hats of moire, satin, ribbon, velvet and combinations of fabrics are popular Items for fall wear. Judging from these early arrival* stlylsts are making distinctly different types for the matron and the maid. Older women will not wear tlapperlsh hats, but will be smartly crowned with supple, lntricatelj|

draped and very chic millinery, wldl the flapper will wear simpler modes. A youthful baretta leads the group of hats chosen from current showings, and pictured here. It has drooping, satin-covered brim and soft crown of felt doth, and bears a rhinestone ornament at the front A wide brimmed, tailored hat, with draped and tucked crown, is finished with a ribbon ornament and a still wider hat, of the picturesque type, bears a cluster of velvet fruit at the right side. Summer lingers in the heavier straws Ilka ballibuntls and Is represented In the modified poke shape, faced with satin and adorned with handsome feather ornaments. Finally a black and white model makes a late summer api*eal with soft, floppy brim, faced with velvet, crown covered with applique embroidery, a collar of fancy braid and a sparkling ornament at the front. JULIA BOTTOMLEY. (©. ISM, Western Neweenper Union. 11 >

Chiffon Pajamas Lovely pajamas for summer wear feature a combination of plain chiffon with flower designs tn striking color effects. One of black chiffon has trousers of Merit bordered with huge roses. Hats From Italy To wear with the smocked and embroidered dresses made by Rumaniaa peasant women are hats of open-work straw trimmed with appliqued mettfii of colored felt.