The Syracuse Journal, Volume 19, Number 10, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 8 July 1926 — Page 8

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SILK HOSE —One dollar silk hose now 79c. Bachnkm’s. FOR SALE A baby coach. Mrs. Russell Bertram. I'hone 137. ,' 10-ip RUGS —New Rugs in all sizes are coming in at Beckmann s. FOR SALE Second h and sideboard and library table at Beckmann’s. _ FOR SALE—Hie Amos Medlam property on Huntington street, at a bargain. Cash o: easy For particulars inquire at the Journal office. NEED SHOES— Buy from our Bargain Table and save one to two dollars per pair. Bachman s. WATCH ■ The m w furniture now on exhibition at Beckmann's Store. FOR SALE 5 lots. side by each. on Lake street, cheap. See Simon Bell. AGENT WANTED IN SYRACUSE TERRITORY Sworn proof of $75 per week. $1.50 an hour for spare time. Introducing finest guaranteed hosiery. 126 styles and colors. Low prices. Auto furnished- No capital or experience necessary. Wilknit Hosiery Company. Dept. M-7S. Green field.' Ohio. Hickory furniture is now on display at Beckmann’s Store. ~ FOR SALE. REN I’ (>R TRADE —“Having accepted the position as manager of the Farmers’ C«>« Operative Elevator Co., at Luonier, I offer my home for sale, rent or trade. It is a five loom stucco bungalow, just south of the race on Huntington street and is modern in every way. Address me at Ligonier. Keys are at Foxford’s, next door. L E. bcaJotxerback. 1 OFFICE SI FPU ES-Ty pew liter ribbon, carbon paper, typewriter paper, Cardboard. blotting, etc., for sale at the Journal odice. PLACARDS—“For Rent.” “For Sale" and “Furnished Rooms For Rent*’ printed on heavy cardhoard art' carried in stock at ’he Journal office. The price is 10c. RIBBONS—We sell ribbons for L C. Smith. Underwood and Oliver Typewriters. Journal office. *■aftwam ■ ■ ■ a a « < Come In and see us the next time you are in need of good printing We are specialists in y the kind of work tA ■ < A trial / is all (J 1 ‘ We to S ■ fi fi JS GEO. L. XANDERS Attaniey-at-Law Settlement ot Estates, Opinions on Titles Fire and Other Insurance Phone 7 Syracuse. iwd. ROBERT E. PLETCHER Funeral Director Ambulance Service ' Syracuse. Indiana. Telephone 75 WILLIAM GRAY LOEHR Attorney-at-Law gFKCIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO ESTATES, DEEDS. MORTGAGES TITLES AND WILLS Admitted to Practice in All Courts Beal Estate, CulteHteas, Notary HSiS. Buffalo St. Warsaw, Ind.

THE BASIC TROUBLE WITH AMERICAN AGRICULTURE

Many Mythical Causes Given But the Chief Financial Problem Rises From Inflation of Capital Account Based on War Prices—Remedy Pointed Out—- “ Trick Legislation” Will Not Help.

By MELVIN A. TRAYLOR First Vie* President American Bankers Association. TN recent years agriculture and the welfare of the farmer have 1 been our most fruitful topics of conversation. Political fortunes have revolved around the unhappy situation of the farmer

and the business barometer has gone up and down with varying proposals for his relief. Only a few years ago there was widespread feeling voiced the leading agriculturists that the time was fast approaching when America would not be able to feed its rapidly increasing, population unless there was improvement in soil culture, fertilization, reforestation and larger production. What is the situation now? The worry seems no longer to be for food for the hungry millions but for more millions to consume our tons of food. Evangelists of despair have talked so much about over-production and surplus of agricultural

M. A. Traylor

products since 1920 that we are warranted in calling attention to a fact or two which may be enlightening to those who have felt that there has been a crushing surplus of the staples of the

farm. From 1911 to 1915 average 4 ' production of cotton was 14.175.000. bales at an average price of 1241 1 cents per pound, while tram 1921 to I 1925 production averaged ll.Jf2.ohv: bales at an average price of 21.35 cents per pound. In the 1911-19151 period wheat production averaged 806,358.000 bushels at an average price • of 89 cents, while in 1921-1925 the average production was 804.38 4.000 bushels at a average, in the former period corn averaged 2.754.000.000 bushels at 60.3 cents while In the latter the average was 2.873.000.000 at 69.6 cents. Cattle on farms for 19111915 were 37.178,000 at an average estimated price of 826.52 while in the latter period the annual average was] 41.916.000 at 126.08. Hogs on farms in the first period were 63.151.000 at j an average price of 89.58 per head, and in the latter 60.418,000 at 11134The Surplus Production Myth | From these figures, which eliminate I the period that embraced the war and i the early post-war inflation, it will be j observed that, with the exception of cotton and cattle, production has been almost uniform in the two periods. In no case has production anywhere ap preached an increase commensurate with the Increase in population. Socalled surplus production is largely a myth and the cause of the farmer's complaint must be looked for in some other direction. It must be admitt d that all has not been and is not well; with this industry After all what is I the matter with agriculture? There are a few’ tacts which seem obvious as a part at least of the underlying cause* of the situation and which sug-i gest something of the remedy that i sooner or later must be applied. I Present difficulties had their incep-1 tton laageiy in inflation of prices for agricultural products from 1915 to 1920 with consequent large expansion of profits. This ted inevitably with the tanner as with the manufacturer to expansion of plant and equipment —the acquirement by the individual of’ Larger acreage and modern, if not always efficient machinery. These statements do not apply to every one because there are always some who play safely and conservatively, proved by the fact that there are millions of farmers who have gone through the recent crisis without any difficulty and are today prosperous and contented. In fact the complaints today are coming from less than 25 per cent of the farmers of the country and from the hordes of politicians who are seeking to make capital out of the situation. Results of Inflation and Expansion With the average and with the majority of those wuo were swept off their feet by the wave of prosperity! through which they were passing, let i us analyse the results of this inflation and expansion. Tb« farmer ope rat I ing on land that he wm carrying in | his capital account at a value of. say. ‘ 1100 per acre, and who perhaps had a loan* of SSO an acre, suddenly found j that, because ot the increased profits| from his operations, his land had a| market value of $290 per acre and I that, if he had a new tractor and some new farm machinery, he could greatly increase bls production. But if he did j that he would need a larger ban* snd more warehouse facUitiss. The; chance* are that with an appraisal of |2OO per acre on his land he increased hi* loan to 8100 per acre, thereby doubling his capital account and his bonded debt—not out ot earnings but because of his ability to effect a “clean write-up" of 100 per cent of hi* plant account H he did not effect th* e'.oling ot h< a capital account in this manner, and if his 8100 aero farm was clear, he probably bought his neighbors farm tor 8200 per acre and mortgaged both the new and the old tor 8100 per in this Utter case, be increased hi* capital account 150 per cent It is easy to *** vt>at tw * did to his net percentage ot income. If he had been able to make 6 per cent on hl* original investment without any allowance tor the increased cost of operations which of course did lake place he cut his set income, based upon his capitalUadML about ore half when be had completed his expansion program. But wore® than that happened- His calculations bad been made upon a price fort» product which reflected wartime demand and buymg powei of goverumeai money which were suddenly curtailed. With

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► : — demand gone and buying power withdrawn he found his gross selling price cut in two. His gross at the high figure had enabled him to make 3 cent net on his new capitalization. This now was cut one-half by the reduction of his gross selling price and instead of making a 6 per cent return, as he was able to do perhaps on his original 8100 acre farm, he has since, been lucky if be has made 1H per cent on his new capital accounL The Remedy I am confident that something of this kind underlie* 75 per cent of the present difficulty. How can it be remedied? 1 believe that time and in t-l icent herd work is the surest [ restorative of better conditions. No magic of trick legislation can aecom plish the result There are a tew facts which must be faced and ae i cepted before a start to better things ■ can be made. The first and most im ! portant is recognition that farming i never was, is not now. and I do not believe ever will be a so-called money-making proposition. By this 1 mean a business in which a man may engage with the certainty of being able over a period of years from the production and sale ot farm commodities to accumulate great wealth. There are those who will say that unless farming can be made a sue- } cesstul money-making , there is no hope for the future of the ' country. My argument with such peo- | pie will turn on the correct definition \ of what is a satisfactory money-mak-I ing business. I believe that it farmI ing is intelligently and industriously j followed it is a satisfactory business I but I do not believe that it is suffi- { ciently a money-making proposition to attract those who are ambitious to play for big fortunes. There are those also who say that many men have grown rich in the past tn agriculture. I do not think they have from the mere production and sale of farm commodities. The men who have grown rich in the past from agriculture have owed their suco ss most largely to the ownership of what would now be considered very cheap lands, w-hieh over a period of years hare shown quadruple and more appreciation in values. The Advantages of . Farm Life But if agriculture does not mean great wealth, and it certainly does not involve a life of idleness, ease, or luxury, it does meah much more. It means if intelligently and industriously followed a character of independence vouchsafed to no other trade or profession. How do I know this? I know it by experience and I know it iby observation. The farmers of to- ! day have more good, wholesome food than any man working on a salary of 82.500 per year can buy for his family I and be able to pay his grocery bill without paying any other of bls debts. I The farmers who are complaining of j their inability to make money enough i to pay for their necessities of life are ; enjoying at home as a natural heri- : tage ot their business comforts and I luxuries w hlcb the man in the Indusj trial center* working for a salary Is I spending every dollar of his income to obtain and then is not getting any- * thing commensurate with those en- ; joyed by the farmer. It is these so-called nnladgered items of the farmer’s income that are too often lost sight of.in the calculation# made by our reformer friends who would legislate a living wage and universal prosperity to those engaged in agriculture. If the farmer as a whole would be happy again he mast taka stock of his blessings and thank God for them, get rid of hi* quack doctors of political bunkum, revalue bta plant and equipment, and start over again in full knowledge of the tact that he must face keen and effective competition, that he must work hard and intelligently, that he must calculate in his income inherent and undeniable item*, which are not measured in dollars and cents. Wh«n he does this.*! feel perfectly certain that over a period of years, taking the good and th* bad as it comes to an classes ot business, win find that he has lived wen. that he ha* had a fair margin fur th* enjoyment at all the necessities of life and a *urp>a* fttr those luxuries which b« has a right to claim, aad above all. that he will have had a chance to be an independent individual, a real man ‘and • seli-reapecUug rifliMi

FME SYRACUSE JOURNAL

I - > *' Uncle Sam and His Nephews, the States, Are Collecting Over a Billion Dollars in Yearly Tolls on Motor Vehicles and Fuel More Than Meet* the Nation’s Billion Dollar Highway Building Bill—Thoma* H. MacDonald, Chief of the U. S. Bureau of Public Roads,'Tells Striking Detail*. By JUDSON C. WELLIVER America has reverted to the ancient system of collecting tolls wherewith to build and maintain highways. In 1925 these tolls amounted to $1,094,000,000, collected through motor licenses, gasoline taxes, property, corporation, income production and other taxes on automobiles, automobile manufactures, the petroleum industry, etc. In the same year $1,003,000,000 was spent on rural roads. ' It took near a century to build $20,000,000,000 worth of railroads. A highway system costing that much will be created in { twenty years at present rate.

These are some of the high points presented by Thomas H. MacDonald, Chief of the Bureau of Public Road.s Department of Agriculture, in an U;terview on highway development » “The equipment of this continent with modern roads has been the most amaxing provision of a public utility that any community ever accomplished in a similar period,” said Mr. MacDonald. “Historians say the Roman Empire was held together by it* highway system, radiating from Rome to the Provinces. But America has converted a continent into a neighborhood within a few years. “This accomplishment really represents the inauguration of a. new system of taxation: a system of license# and excises levied against particular privileges or classes of property, th* proceeds being dedicated to highway development “For 1925 state taxes on gasoline aggregated 8143.000.000 Add to that 8263.500.000 for automobile registration and licenses: as property taxes on the 20.090.000 automobiles"; 8143.430.709 as the Federal excise tax on automobiles, parts and accessories for 1925; 350.000,000 to represent wheelage taxes, special tSxes on gasoline or cars, and fines collected from motor drivers. The total reaches approximately 3’49.930.709. Nearly 91,100.000.000 Yearly Tolls “But these figures do not include income and corporation taxes derived from the motor car business. Nor do they include state, local, production, corporation or income taxes of the petroleum industry. Yet that industry has a capitalization of about 89.000.000,000. A modest estimate tor these, added to the preceding figures, makes a total of 81.094.930.7u9. which, is considerably more than the entire amount spent on country roads. “You observe that I have not included the government’s expenditures of nearly 8100.000.000 in Federal aid to road building In the eight years from 1918 to 1925 inclusive, the Government has contributed 3460.900.009 to help the states build roads. That is considerably less than half of what the country spent on reads in either 1924 or 1925. Moreover, in the same eight vears. while the Government was distributing that 3460.090.090 to the states, it collected 88'3,000.090 in internal revenue taxes on motor cars, parts and accessories. Other hundreds of millions were collected in income and corporation taxes from motor car manufacturers and dealers. Thus it appears that Federal contribution to roads as compared to the contribution ot people who make and use the ears and the gasoline has been decidedly modest. “But. while Federal contribution is only about 10 per cent of highway expense, it has accomplished results altogether out of proportion to its amount First, it was an incentive to the States. The Government required them to Invest as much as it contributed. Then the Government takes part Ln a general supervision of con •truetion and a share in determining routes. So we have built roads on better standards, and have got them organised Into a truly national system instead of forty-«ight stat* systems. ■ Unifying th* Road System “Some day it will be realised that this was the most valuable contribu tloo. Driving from Boston to New York, a man may .pass through four states. Every one might have * •plendld highway system; but if these did not articulate at the state lines the trip would be almost Impossible Thanks to the systematization under Federal influence, country roads are as superior to state boundary lines as are railroads “The Federal highway act of 1921 required that a complete nation reachiug system of roads be designated within two years, ns the roads to which Uncle Sam would give assistance. It was found that there were 066.9*1 mites of highway ia the country. Os these 7 per cent, or 200,-

Cow Works Twelve Weeks to Deliver Dairy Food to the American Table BiOtCsnumerflbrCapd* in 4*11.5. s'MuwuajsMMseuw) FURNISH each American table with the whole milk, butter, cheese, eoo- * densed and evaporated milk and tee cream consumed in one year some dairy cow has to work twelve week* to satisfy the appetite for these nutritive foods. This analysts of consumption t* contained in a statement Issued by the Blue Valley Crwunery Institute This cow to the average of her kind In the United States, whose annual production of milk is 4J2<50 pounds, or about 500 gallop. For the twelve weeks she works for you her production of 90S pounds of milk represents toe 58 gallon* whole milk. 17 pounds of butter. X 9 pound* of cheese. 13U pounds of condensed and evaporated milk and 2.5 S gallons of tee cream you consume each year. the per capita consumption of milk and dairy products is increasing each year as people become educated to th* value of this greatest at all foods. -w . . |

624 miles, were to be included in the national system, eligibly for Federal aid. Nearly every mile of that 2,866,061 was a candidate for designation as a Federal highway. But in the end the system was laid out as a truly national one. “When the map was published it showed nearly the 209.000 miles of designated routes. Since then 46,485 miles of these roads have been improved. nearly 13.000 more are under construction, and over 2.009 have been approved for early beginning of work. In addition to that many states have built, without Federal aid, extensive sections which are included within this national system. In fact, these state contributions aggregate 55.000 miles, so that approximately twothirds of the 200,009 mile national highway system has already been improved . Uncle Sam ar Road Supervisor “Along with all of this, there is the Federal supervision over construction and maintenance. When Uncle Sam helps build a road he reserves authority to require its proper maintenance. Then there is the business of uniform marking along highways, which makes It possible for motorists to drive thousands of miles on a designated route whose markings become so familiar that- after a few miles he need not ask directions. “Finally Federal participation has mfide possible a great number of bridges at strategic points. Some of these hare been needed for years, yet state and loCal authorities have been unable to provide them, partly because of the cost, partly because of competition between routes. When a stream separates two counties, or two states, it is often Impossible to get them to agree where to build or howto divide the cost of a bridge. In such cases the Federal authority has repeatedly mediated differences and secured construction. Let me mention s :ne instances. ' r ,- “Missouri has been a state for over a century. Divided east and west by the Missouri river, communication between the two sections has been limited, to the state’s disadvantage. Four bridges across the river were required, in the national highway program, and Federal co-operation with the state of Missouri has made them possible. Two are completed, the others are under eonstnieti.n. The four will cost a little more than $2,000,900. the Federal contribution being nearly 81.000,090 Getting Bridges Constructed * “Another bridge that has a peculiar importance. %oth locally and nationally. has been needed tot generations across Raritan bay. New Jersey. It is one ot the links in the chain of com* muixication between New York city and the country at large. In 1924 New Jersey had some $700,009 of Federal aid allotted to her roads and in 1925 over 81.000.000. So the state agreed that this Raritan bridge should be built, costing about 84.000.090. Federal funds made tip about onethird of the amount. The bridge, over a mile and a half long, is now nearly completed. “Such illustrations might be multiplied indefinitely. National participation has repeatedly made possible the accomplishment of vitally Important highway development" According to the American Petroleum Institute, the gasoline tax was first imposed in 1919 in Oregon. It has now been adopted by all \th* states except New York. lllinois.'New Jersey and Massachusetts. The tendency has been continually to increase the rate of tax per gallon. As late as 1921 gasoline taxes for the entire country weje only about 85,009,999; in 1922. 812.090.000; in 1923, almost $37,090,000; in 1924. >79,990,99*. and in 1925. $142,937,749. With good prospect* that the “gas” tax will be adopted soon by state* which do not have it now and with Ute gallonage rates being increased in other states, it its calculated that this xx alone will soon raise $300,900,00* rear, quite possibly during 1926.

The Leather Gpods Store HARNESS AND ROBES Trunks, Traveling Bags, Ladies' Hand Basis and SmaH Leather Goods Phone 86 i 115 E, Lincoln Ave. Goshen. Jud. REX WINTER INCLOSIRES, ALTO TOPS. SLIP COVERS, BODY UPHOLSTERING, TRI CK TOPS. SEAT CUSHIONS, TIRE COV ERS, HOOD COVERS • RADIATOR COVERS, Goshen flow Tod andi Trimming Go-. GOSHEN. INDIANA Al’iece Shoppe PERM ANENT WAV ING A Ind all Kinds of Beauty Work Phone 933 for Appointments Goshen Indiana * • Spohn Building — : — — - — Fitting Pictures to Space Due of the numerous advantages of hanging reproductions <>f famous paintings in your rooms is that you cun get repr»Mlu»'th»ns in just the best t size for your available space. Orig- • Inals are taken as they come, but ; reproductionsfome in many siz.es,and i it is only a matter of selecting the | most suitable. ! i Marvelous Human Body I The human body is, according to : Itersey, composed of the Inconceivable | number of about 2t;.o<m.O<i(MX>OAW.aX| | cells. Each cell springs from the origi inal single one. Each acts like a live being, choosing or refusing and dig sting its food from the blood- : stream, excreting refuse. uiuiUpiying rand eventually dying, and doing its < allotted work. i o Revolutionized Lighting ' The revolnr'onlzing factor In tnumi- | nation is sui<l to have i>een the solu--1 tton of the problem of draft for lamps > by a Swiss engineer named Argand tn the year 1782. George Washington had s<’t;:e of the Art:md iahips at ; Mount Vernon. These .ire now in the National museum historical collections.

HUDSON’S t : July Clearance i SALES | Wash 25c and SOe Table after table of beautiful wash | V • fabrics for summer dresses, rayon’s. I L| gm prints, voiles, tissues, and dozens I Ui J A AL V of olher fabrics ’ Ail of these fabrics | are fast colors. Summer Dresses •' d* *1 A A A Beautiful dresscs for summer wear, dresses for Hkigl Illi street or afternoon wear. Os figured or plain h yIVeVV color silks. 1 t U A am /b/X Ini this group are dresses for all occasions. Oi vk | t Uli figured or plain color silks or of Cui L Doon. 1 </• V V Sizes 16 to 46, _ i A f - Values in this group that are wonderful. DresMZ I(1 7 ses that are ordinarily sold at $25. In sizes A I from i 6 to i; Sale Specials Fasheen fast color dress fabrics, yard — -39 c | Unbleached Muslin, yard wide, good quality, yard 8c | Bath Towels, 50c values, special at s 39c * Silk Curtain Fabrics. $2.00 values, yard $1.25 ♦ Silk Bed Spreads. $7.50 value, each $5.00 | Kalbtirnie 32 w h Dress Ginghams, yard 18c i Scout Percales in all colors, yard — ISc | 81 inch Tuxedo Bleached Bed Sheets. . ._g._ ----- | Clearance of Printed Apron Frocks ®3c , Women’s out-size Silk Hosiery, pair s|.oo | Burson’s Silk and Fibre Ladies’ Hosiery’, pair 50c : Special Sale of Bed Spreads, each ._ ....$2.95 | L4THE HUDSDiM-caHj

FInsSPRINGSHIRTS In the new lisrht-weig’ht fabrics attractively Readymade of course, but a sure fit for every patron. Make your selections early to get the best. KOHLER & CHAMPION 112 South Main Street Goshen, Indiana TO BRETZ FOR GLASSES ■ OPTOMETRIST GOSHEN. INDIANA. Qver Miller's Shoe Store Warren Kesler .• DENTIST Practice limited to Orthodontia. extracting, minor mouth surgery, examination. consultation airtl X-Ray diagnosis. Phone 212 ' Goshen - - - Indiana Odd Design for Necklace Elephants are carved In ivory tn many sizes, and these are used for all manner of purposes. The last word Is probably represented by a necklace of Ivory elephants. In the ornament of f this order seep recently in L<»ndon there were nine ivory elephants, the largest and central animal being between three and four inches long. O Prevents Glass Cracking It a knife blade is placed muter a rlass jug or dish, boiling niltk or mt fruit may then be poured into the ilass without the risk of cracking, .vhlch will almost certainly happen if his precaution is not taken. CARE-FREE VACATION DAYS When you radiate health, and hapqjnesgb- -this is the time for a portrait, for the old i friends and new. Sit to us for a Portrait. I ■ • The Schnabel Studio Over Baker's Drug Store GOSHEN. INDIANA