The Syracuse Journal, Volume 18, Number 39, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 28 January 1926 — Page 6

Joliei, Maquette, La Salle i.’ vpgffF ' wgjiijnuiinlriy!" .-'—ffiy’r - : v , jj jw* -AuHF*> V" v S' -‘ - ML. t — ■/■■ j£ Jtr*k <4BL A L * COLRLR ™ ( ffijjjgaSgßH i HoW>r.S\ " , aft&JMt! By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN <3?O)PX.‘ <g W[ ? y 4 i r/Ry BKAFFIC police halt traffic across tha z ——-- ' s - - V*C7jx. Michigan boulevard bridge at tha _, _ ■ ~ _ —-—r— mouth of the Chicago river in the second cJty of the United States and — ---~^p^PgMMP^HlSMCs^SaßHp*—. the fourth of the world. It is 2:30 1 —'' A > r %*rwS^4y , Jß In the afternoon. The solid lines of ~-~»’ *~r. ~—~ ■+ ~ "y*~' ~, automobiles, three abreast, come to " an unwilling halt, with much pro- _. —- testing „ clamor of horns from the 1 -i ' J ~±=a. ’ ever-growing rear ranks. Two Amer- „ ~- 2 lean Flags are flying at’ the north end of tha —- ■ — ****'"%dr's7y-~ bridge, and between them gathers a little group of men and women. - > s *

"In the name ot the Illinois Society of the Colonial Dames of America.” says Mrs. Holmes Forsyth. The reet Is lost In the tumult of city nolsea. A man. heroically baring his heed to the driving snow, say* something In reply. He Is Maj. A. A. Sprague and be speak* for the City of Chicago. Then a sheet Is drawn aside and there la revealed a bronze tablet/thus inscribed: “In. honor of Louis JoUet and Fere Jacques Marquette, the first white men to pass through the Chicago river. In September, 1873." At the south end of the bridge, after the same short and formal ceremony, is unveiled another bronre tablet This one la “in memory of Rene Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, and Henri di s TontL" The traffic police signal, the impatient motorists swarm upon the bridge and the unheeding city traffic hurries by. In the more sympathetic atmosphere of the Chicago Historical society an interesting program Is carried out. For example. Mrs. Joseph Rucker Lamar of Atlanta, head of the National Society of the Colonial Dames, Speaks on the value to good Americans of acquaintance with such important Incidents of our early history. Prof. Andrew McLaughlin of the University ot Chicago review* the career* of these four famous explorers. Joliet and Marquette were In truth on the Chicago river, 16T3. When LaSalle first saw the river, has been a subject of sharp controversy for generations. It has been claimed that he reached the Mississippi byway of the Chicago Portage in 1870. It was in 1681 that he crossed the Chicago Portage on his way to the Gulf to take possession tn the name of Prance. As to whether Joliet and Marquette were the first white men to see the t'hlcago river that’s another question. History doe* not record any previous visit by whit* men. but there had been white men in that region for'* long time. And the Chicago Portage—together with the Calumet River Portage—was the common highway for ail who traveled. If a traveler coming up the Mississippi wished to go to Green Bay or Mackinac be used the Wisconsin Fox Portage. If be wished to travel east ria the St Joseph river, he used Uie Calumet rather than the Chicago river. Here tn brief is the why and wherefore of the jrtsm?? of Joliet and Marquette on the Chicago river: In 1872 Louis de Baade. Count de ,Frontenac, was appointed governor and lieutenant general of New France. He was greatly Interested In the exploration of the region of the Great lakes and selected Joliet to search for the Great River believed to flow southward Into the Gulf of California Joliet was born in Canada the son of a wagon maker. He had been a promising scholar tn the Jesuits’ school at Quebec, but had become a wilderness rover and Indian trader. He was a young man. but had already made a reputation. Joliet reached Mackinac tn December of 1872. and was delayed there by Ice till May. There he met Marquette, a Jesuit priest of good family, eight years his senior. He Joined Joliet for the southern trip. He had no official connection with toe expedition-? They traveled in two canoes with five voyageur*. They went up the Fox from Green Bay and down the and descended toe Mississippi to the mouth of the Arkansas. Here, convinced that the Mississippi flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, they turned back and reached Lake Michigan byway of the Illinois. Desplalnee and Chicago rivers. Marquete went to his mission on Green Bay. Joliet disappeared for a year and slid not report to Frontenac till August *f 1674. Marquette’s subsequent history is briefly this: Be had promised the Rlinols Indians near Peoria toat he would return and found a mission. In the ton of MfT4 he started for the Rlinols village. Bad

Jackdaws and Crows Notorious as Thieves

Few btrds'are more *y «* human isetaty than th# wQd raven. one of erhoae favorite haunts la tho tangled laptbs of tha Graat Smoky mountains If Tanneaeta, says a writer tn Gas Ugte. Horace Kephart. apostle at oot|oor Ufa. who baa spent yearn in thews feCe-known mountain fostnoooea. says Aat. although occeotosmny a raven io with bloody groundhog bait.

weather or Illness or both etoppe<l his progress across the Chicago Portage, and he spent the winter on the river bank about six miles from Its mouth. With the spring he reached the Indians and taught them. His health and strength giving out, he started for Macklnuc. He traveled around the bead of Lake Michigan, working his way up the east shore. He died on the way. The next year his bones were taken up and carried to ” Mackinac “He always entreated God.” writes Father Claude Dabion tn his journal, that he might end his life in these laborious missions, and that, like his dear St Xavier, he might die in the midst of the woods bereft of everything.” Marquette's unfinished journal can be found in “The Jesuit Relations." Here are some of tha things the priest has to say about his winter experiences on the bank of the Chicago river: We started with a favorinc wind and reached the river of tha portage, which Was froxen to the depth of half a foot. There was more snow there than elsewhere, as will as more tracks of animals and tprkeya The land bordering the lake Is of no valuw except on the prairies. Deer huntins Is very good. Having encamped near the portage, two leagues up the river, wo resolved to winter there, as It was impossible to go farther, since we were too much hindered and my ailment did* not permit ma to giVe .myself much fatigue. Several Illinois passed yesterday on their way to carry furs to Nawasklngwa I do not think I have ever seen savages more eager for French tobacco than they. They came and threw beaver skins at our foot to get some pieces of IL They traded us three fine robes of ox skins for a cubit of tobacco; those were very useful to us during the winter. Wei have had opportunity to observe the tides eomlflg tn from the lake, which rise and fall severa! times a day. and, although there seems to be no shelter tn the lake, we have seen the Ice going against the wind. The deer me so lean that wo bad to abandotj several which we had killed. Wo killed several partridges. The blessed Virgin Immaculate has taken care of u» during our wintering that we have not lacked provisions and have still remaining a largo sack of corn with some meat and fat. . Frontenac wrote this letter to the French government upon the return of Joliet: Sieur Joliet . . . found some very fine countries, and a navigation so easy through the beautiful rivers, that a person can go from Lake Ontario and Fort Frontenac tn a bark to the Gulf of Mexico, there being only one carrying place halt a league tn length, where Lake Ontario communicates with Lake Erie. A settlement could be made at this post, and another barkibe built on Lake Krie. ... Ho has been thin ten days' Journey of tbs Oulf of Mexico, end believes that water communication could be fmind loading to the Vermillion and California Boss, by means of '.he river that flows from the west, with the Grand River that ho discovered, which rises from north to south, and U as large as the St. Lawrence opposite Quebec. I send you. by my secretary, the map ho has made of It. and the observations he has boon able to recollect, as he loot all hie minutes and Jour-“ nals tn the wreck ho suffered. within sight of Montreal, whore after having completed a voyage of twelve hundred leaguea. ho was near belag drowned, and lost all hie papers, and a UtUe Indian whom he brought from those countries It is Interesting to note In these days of a<tUK doo over a Great Lakes-Gulf waterway, that in this letter Frontenac says in effect that the Chicago Portage is navigable and that Niagara Falls is the only obstacle to continuous water-travel AU the early explorers had the same idea about . the Chicago Portage. If they had actually to carry canoes across they incidentally remarked that a few shovels would change all that As a matter of fact, conflicting statements as to the Chicago Portage were due to seasonal conditions. In times of high water canoes and even loaded battieaux went through easily. Os course three early travelers knew nothing of the miles of underlying rock dose to the surface along the DeOplalnea river. Joliet's canoe was upset actually within sight of home, “after avoiding perils from savages and

ho -has yet to meet a man who has succeeded tn shooting one.* The jackdaw and oar common crow, like the raven, to w bom they are done ly related, have an unenviable reputation as petty lareeners. Famous among the animal crimes of literature to that of the little -Jackdaw of Bbeima." wh<v as related in the “Ingoldsby Leg* ends.” stole tho lord cardinal's turgaMtoe ring, bet later pertt«mtty made

restitution, received absolution, and ever after led a Mio of contrition and piety. iMMSt Type W Maoas Some of tho inferences which might ho frm from the effects of climate, cumulative through many centuries, are too unpleasant to ba toiorated For example, the Indians found to Oall> fornla when tho white men camo to that state of sunshine and winter warmth, were about tho moot wretch* •d, splritiooa toay» woetosn and tooap*

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

passing 4? rapids." Nevertheless, he proceeded to draw a number of maps from memory. The one reproduced In part calls the region “La Colbertie," after Colbert, minister of Louis XIV. Ths “Haye des Puans” (Green Bay) he names after an Indian tribe. The “Mislon de St. Fr. Xavier” on Green Bay was Marquette’s chapel. “Mlsconslng.* is of course, the Wisconsin. The Mississippi is r marked. “River that discharges into the Gulf of Mexico.” “Riviere de la Divine" Is the Illinois. Joliet named it after two reigning French belles: Frontenac's wife, who had been Anne de la Grange-Trianon, and her bosom friend. Mile, d' Outrelaise. These two ladies were called “Lea Divines." At the bottom of the map Is tlfe Ohio, marked. “Route of Sieur La Salle to Mexico." It was apparently added to the map by a later hand. Here is a resume of the career of Robert Cavelier. Sieur de La Salle (1643-87). as generally accepted by the historians after many years of controversy as to certain points: He was born in Rouen. France, and arrived In New France in 1666. He is credited with the discovery of the Ohio river, and probably followed it as far as the falls at Louisville. In 1678 he began preparations to descend the Mississippi to the gulf. He built Fort Crevecouer on the Illinois river (Peoria) and organized an Indian league to fight the Iroquois Confederacy of New York, the overlords of all the tribes from the Atlantic to the Mississippi. In 1682 he arrived at the Gulf, byway of the Chicago Portage and the Illinois, and took possession of the region, which he named 1 ‘ .siana. tn the name of Louis XIV He returned to Canada and then went to France. Here under authority of Louis he organized an expedition to the Gulf, with the purpose of founding a colony at the mouth of the Mississippi. He sailed from France in 1684. missed the Mississippi and built a fort on what la now the Lavaca river in Texas. He wks assassinated by one of his men March 19. 1687. near that, Trinity river in Texas. "The Murther of Monsr. de La Salle." is reproduced from a copper plate by Van dec Gucht tn the London (1698) edition of Hennepin’s “New Discovery ” The portrait of La Salle may or may not have some basis of authenticity: it follows a design tn Gravter, which is aatd to be based on an engraving in the Bibilotheque de Rouen and is the only portrait worth consideration. Henri di Tout! (1630-1704) was an Italian soldier of fortune. He entered La Salle's service in 1678. It was be who built Fort St Louis on Starved Rock in 1681. He searched long for La Salle after his disappearance in Texas. After living with the Illinois Indians as a trader he joined Iberville at New Orleans tn 1702. Os these four men Joliet was the efficient voyageur. with the advantage of an education; Pers Marquette was the devoted priest whose passion was to convert the Indians; Tontl was the soldier, the loyal and devoted lieutenant of La Salle; La Salle was tha man of vision who saw a French empire in the Mississippi valley. To the student of history the development of the Mississippi valley since the day of these fnur explorers Is a marvel of marvels. Untold millions have already been expended upon the waterways over which they actually traveled by canoe and the expenditure Is just beginning. The next five years will probably see the completion of the connection by waterways of Chicago, New Orleans, Pittsburgh and Kansas City at a cost of 8160,000.000. As for the Chicago Portage—the Chicago rirer now flows backward Into the Illinois; the "few shovels” have already cost over 8100.000.000. Chicago, then uninhabited, has now a population of over LfIOO.OOO and is tentatively planning a second world’s fair in 1537 in celebration of the centennial of its beginning as a city.

able human beings ever discovered it North America. They were too timid to hunt and kill big game, too fish and indolent to eatch swift sub mal% and so they ate worms ans gruba.—Kxehanga. Knupenf Zt Sacrst CH. Whim- as to to to boa aornm engagement, to would not bo wtoo foe me to give you a ring just yak. Mias Geo—Oh. but I could wear to on the wrong hand.—Philadelphia Bull* tta. '

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new germicide fifty times as powerful as carbolic add! Gross N»ghct Her Mother—What makes you think Ferdinand doesn't love you? Mrs. Justwod—Tm sure of It Why. when we*d been married just 2d hours bo forgot to bring me flowers to celebrate the event i 1 '' When father dfotg little WUtoe has another piece of pie. When mother |is reducing, as Is the family.

Mr. Miser—Marry me. dearest-tw can live as cheaply ad onol Mias BD#ndor—Which easy