The Syracuse Journal, Volume 17, Number 31, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 27 November 1924 — Page 7

wmma MM "■L MP” 1 '■k * ws-w tl>e Photograph: “(IM) PERA T l illl v 14 A All A E ~ ;^ AB _ H HA ■HD ■ DHH AH H I IWI MW The statue is of AesffT~w ** ,T ~BII [■lMr i TR D I 9U I B W BV B ■■■ B f ■ culaplus, father ■■■Ki B B B Bi ■ ■ ■ iHi ll■ *4 ,he at the UiJHSbS Bjl J LemF if /WOFOS SY but will presumably be found near by. The magnificent , C<iul -7*. ffsfew marble head may be part of HTL? -*■’»"’• Ci-£ a statue—does it depict agXJ ** ~r • "’ a *'"' l ~r . ’ .*• column in high relief, a strik- $ Ing piece of classical work, is 'f- ■• L'", still partly buried in the sand 'WBBS a f /I While the .enter picture V ■ * ■ /■' 1 would seem to indicate dam"*1 -w Jw . A /w aKe c;lUse< * hy an earthquake, ^ r • ‘ it stated that much of the v ~ ( IF 1 * **C £■, JdWft 'jzAsrttt'izrrG t..- uLJImV \L£Z MH&fisi Bl fllli I r x > \ • r?3k «-■♦*■ x y k■-viR. -lmmi* l I AlseuirAFnfS, ar »zW< ♦ HL ' j.. $ J .jrMl wif (g) BURIED cur OF r SEVERUS MAYY lU? '' RIVAL POMPEII

By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN «S LEPTIB MAUNA. an African city «C the days when Rome was Mistress of the World, to rival Pompeii as an exhibit of the life of the ancient Romans? Archeologists, Impressed by the excavations In progress, think that It may jwovn a rival to the famous burled city at the foot of Vesuvius. But l-eptls Magna, in any event, will furnish art exhibit much different from that of Pompeii. Rome was founded about 753 R C. and fell in 478 a. D. UpUO *>l“ R <’. Rome wan a local affair. governed by'Rlngs. . From 510 to 2CS it •’ it was a retxihllc 4ind lonqtiervd Italy. In M' B <’.. the republic began its career of extraIhiL.in > • nqi’.rst in 2> R. began the empire. When t’hfiM v as born Rome was undisputed Mistrews of the World From 180 to 268 A. I» was a period of disaster. About 375 A. D. began the ►> ries, <>f barbarian Invasions which brought about the fall of the Roman empire in 476 A D. Now, PontfM! was founded sometime before 300 Il C. It came under the power of Rome about 300 R. C. Its Industries were wine-making, fishing and the working of lava It was a gay and pleasure-loving city of considerable wealth and luxury. August 24, 70 A. 11. Vesuvius erupted un<l In 24 hours Pompeii was buried in ashes. Altout 2.000 of its inhabitants perished. The ashes so preserved the city that excavations—which are still going on—have revenled the Pompeiian life to ha most intimate details. Even the ‘gratfitr—the scribbling*, on the walla— give us the wit, obscenity and politics of the day. Now ns to Leptin Magna: It was in 148 R. C. time Rome destroyed her rival Carthaue and made her territories into the province of Africa. I.epfis Magna was probably founded by the Romans soon afterward. Lucius Septitnlua (146-211 A. D.) was born " there. He became consul hnd in 103 was proclaimed emperor by bis troop*, following the murder of Pert Inax. He msrehed on ftome which submitted to him: defeated Albinus, proclaimed emperor by the troops*in Gaul; waged a successful campaign against the Parthians ami captured Babylon. He rebuilt the wall in Britain between the flrths of Forth and Ulyde which bears his name. He was an extravagant emperor who achieved a reputation for expenditure*. He made much nf Leptfs Magna, his birthplace. and Is supposed to have spent the three years between 195» and 202 in building Ids palace there and beautifying the city. X Nowadays the location of Magna is best described by saying It Is in northern Africa, in sands of the Libyan desert, about one hundred miles east of Trijxdl and four or five miles from the Mediterranean sea. In the time of Severus it was a flourishing city of possibly 300,<00 inhabitants. the center of an agricultural region and a mu port, cither un an anu of the sea or the mouth Os a river. Leptia Magna had probably begun to decline before the fall of Rome, A. D. What happened tn it nobody knows. Did an epidemic wipe out Its people when Rome fell? Wan? they frightened sway by an earthquake? Did savage hordes slaughter them? Anyway, when the Arabs came about SOO they found a dead city. They neither occupied It nor . looted it; the place was contaminated for them because Christian dogs had lived there. But the Arabs did take 40 great marble columns, which they transported 80 miles to the west and used in the building of the Mosque of Tagiura—where they may be seen to this day. x

Year 1457 Saw the First Newspaper

The first printed newspaper to be | placed before the public. according to I the beet information available, was the Garotte, pnblished In Nuremberg. ' Germany, in USt; and the longest | lived paper In the world waa the < Nueve Zcdrnng.aus Hiapanien und 1 Itallen, printed in tha same city la i 1534. It waa in existence until a few I years ago. Other countries followed I Germany in iwulp* printed oewspa- j

-i. / \ Il B \ JMrCsr w 1 / / « \ /1- m l Wc i f,! A (■ ■!) ■ tew .. M ,1 • a. .j

Then crept In the desert sands and buried?th< city of Severus from 15 to-SO feet deep. j?br v thousand year* It pas. forgotten, except |rhu among the Arabs of the Sahara there lived « legend of an “Enchanted City." Eighty years ag< the explorer. Rohlfs, one of the first of white tuer to the Libyan desert, was catight in a.greal sandstorm that uncovered ennugh to show tlmt i city was buried there. Archeologists were eagei to excavate—but the Turk ruled the land. Italy took over the col<»ny in 1911 and prompt!) began preparations to dig up the buried city Along came the World war and Italy had to fighi for her life Now the work of excavation is well under way. A road is being built from Tripoli Several hundred Arab prisoners of war are busy under the direction of Prof. Renato Bartocclnl ol the department of fine arts. Already the discoveries give him that the possibilities are very great. Next spring an International eongress of arciieol oglsts Will be held In the ruins. It is probablt several years will be needed to finish the work The pbotographs reproduced herewith were brought to this country by Dr. Brnnu Roselli, professor of Italian at Vuwar college, who has just returned from an extended visit to the buried city. He is greatly Impressed and says: All of the baiidlng* and statues unearthed are of a pronounced Roman type, with a touch of the Uruntal aod Egyptian Some of the decorative work la remarkable. Columns nine meters high have beea uncovered. Nothin* like them has been found in any Roman mlns Imposing and unspoiled palaces already have been exposed by the digging, with spacious courtyards si ill paved with the flag- ’ stones of Homan daya On what was once an arm of the sea is the only Roman harbor ever found Intact. The qpsyw and steps leading down to the Sater are In almost perfect condition. Galleys must once have been moored there to transport grain to the Imperial City. Even the warehouses which held the grain are still standing. No burled city has ever yielded anything like IL Pompeii, when It was dug from beneath the ashes of Vesuvius, gave an almost perfect picture of how the Romans lived, of thetr kitchen utensils and of minute details of their homes. Leptis Magna will be of equal Importance, but it has far more imposing structures and probably more valuable works of art than any found in Pompeii. The fact ,tbat It was the birthplace of Emperor Septlmlus Severus gave H an added importance and dignity and it had a splendor of which Pompeii could nevet ■ boast. The photographs give hint of the quality of the city of Severus. It is believed that Sevepis sj»ein time and money lavishly in beautifying the city of his birth. Certain it is that he had there a magnificent palace, for the Inscription stone baa v been brought to light It can be read la part la

pero in the following order: England In 1622. France In 1631. Sweden in 1644. Holland tn 1656. Russia In 1703. Turkey In 1827. The first American paper consisted of three pages of two. columns each and a blank page, and was first published tn Boston on Sepiaß°- °'^ b 1

Letter appeared printed on one sheet of foolscap paper and flourished for 72 years. The oldest genuine newspaper in the United States la tbs Weekly Massachusetts Spy, 17T1. In Canada, the first paper to be published wa« the Halifax Gazette, March 1752, and the Quebec Gazette followed io 1764. — >rifmn*a Bia Loconwtive A huge main-line locomotive, which

THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

city, which occupied severu. square miles, has been marvelously preserved by the pro tecting sand. The quality of the vari-col ored marble, the workman ship and the size of the pil lars all indicate that the pal ace is of truly royal magnlti cence. It Is hoped to find here valuable historical records Concerning this Doctor Rosel 11 says: The .period that produced Caesar Augustus Lucius Septimius is the period about which scholars know least: Authentic documents are few. and so are relics of his cor > tributlons to letters and art Leptis Magna may reveal the secrets of his home Dip v assius. the Greek historian and a contemporary of Septlmlus Severus, tells something of tbi-t'Caesar and speaks of hhsuperstitions and his belief miraculous signs. Leptis Magna was probably about two miles square in anhnrhs. There seem

ancient times, with outlying suburns, mere no reason to doubt that it was in truth an imperia city. All the results of excavation point to th:: fact. For instance, two bathhouses have bee found In different parts of the city. In thost days only a city of Importance had two bath houses. Both an* clalmrate untl extensive. Then are baths of marble and stone, with large pipestill intact—pipes between two walls which carrje. hot water to the steam rooms Some of the P'P*“ are of cement. Others are made of bricks asms lar to the bricks we use today, but larger. Th. bridges, of which Several have been uncovered are of superior masonry and substantially buil; Evidently no earthquake shock disturbed them for they are intact, having been well preserved bj the sand. There are many quays. These Indicate thn 1 Leptis Magna had a considerable water traffic though it is suggested that some of them niaj have been built at the time Severus was bringing choice mkrtfle* from Greece and other countrieto beautify the city and erect his palace. There certainly is much marble of very high quality Doctor Roeelll aays that some of the temples armade of precious “glaUo antlco”—old yellow m-vr Me— as well as of “rliwllino" —onl<*n marble. Tim 36-foot pillars of the palace are of the finest mar Me In green, yellow, blue and other colors. Archeologists will be greatly interested In thharbor construction work, which Is intact and h said to be the first of the kind to be unearrbed There is also a lighthouse. It is in ruins. »» n one can tell how it looked. But apparently th stones are all there and It presumably can be re stored. The fact that Leptis Magna has not been »<W»te since Its abandonment by Its Inhabitants give*hope of actual treasure, since there are Indication of underground storehouaea. No one need worry lest Italy does a gm*d jo’ In excavating Leptis Magna. Her archredogis! know their business. Moreover, there is the pre* pect of inestimable treasure —If not In gold an silver and gems, then In historical rrea.nis ami ir works of art worth more than their weight In soli.' gold. In fact. It may be safely assumed that the im perial city of Severus will not only be carefully and underetandingiy explored but also restored—as an attraction to tourists. It will soon be pos sihie to make the round trip from Home In a week So. wren If none of the gold of Severus is un earthed, a treasure may be found in the shape of good American dollars.

t beers ordered by the London and I Northwestern Railway company. * The locomotive, will be of the Gar- - ratt patent, Incorporating two locomo- . tives with one boiler. There will be > four cylinders, says London Tit-Bits. . The engine will have a total length > of 80 feet, and a weight in working order of 165 tons. It will be the first of the type bunt for mate-line service on any railway In Great Britain II gpeed.

Radio Cheats Arctic Night and Keeps Explorers Normal Human Beings By DONALD B. MACMILLAN, Polar Explorer. THE radio gives us food for thought and topics for conversation. To men isolated in the cold regions the radio serves as the daily newspaper which every one knows is the source of conversation in civilized countries. When people are isolated, as an exploring expedition must be, it is bound to come aboiit, in the course of time, that the members of the party cease to be interesting to each other. In a few months we have pumped each other dry. I know all about every man in the party and he knows all about me. All we have to discuss is personalities and past experiences. If we are given to imagination and even the dramatization of our experiences when hard pushed for conversation we even run out of that material. It is a fact that almost every expedition ends by each one hating every one else, though I must say I have been rather in my own personal experience. But I use the utmost care in selecting my crew. From the many applicants I choose the men I feel will wear the best with me and with each other. During months we are icebound, waiting for the long night to pass, it is, or was until the radio came to our relief, the habit for each man to stay by himself as much as possible. We might meet only at meal times, and perhaps not then, for we would take our dogs and go off alone on long journeys to visit our Eskimo friends to get away from each other. The radio made us quite normal, happy human beings. For one thing, we were all anxious to keep in touch with the news from home. We waited around radio programs. We also enjoyed the music and waited for that. No longer w%re we cut off from the whole world and our temper was much better than in the pre-radio days. The radio companies all over the country were wonderful to us, as were the amateur operators. Being off in the North is very different these days from what it was when Peary made his courageous and lonely journeys. Loss of Religion Leaves Gap in Personal Lives and Community Morals By JUDGE ALFRED J. TALLEY, New York General Sessions. < It's neither heredity nor environment that’s responsible for this wave of youthful crime. It’s the only other influence besides heredity and environment that has come into the lives of these children—it’s our boasted schools. The only way to form character is through religion, and we’ve been so much afraid one-religion would get the jump on another that we have adopted the cowardly course of eliminating all religion from our schools. These boys and girls with no moral sanctions instilled into their make-up by proper instruction are the mothers and fathers of the next generation. They are pagans. And paganism has always spelt national disaster, as it spells personal disaster to these young criminals. lam not attacking the public schools as such, but that style of education is hopeless, unrounded and incomplete which trains the mind and excludes the training of the heart and will. The loss of religion has left a gap not only in personal lives but in the moral life of the community. • The state is responsible for the conditions, and it is the state’s duty to make the deficiency in training good. Otherwise those who will raise the next generations of Americans will be not only fathers and mothers indifferent to morality and religion but fathers and mothers who are criminals. I speak not as a theorist, but as an expert Every day, every hour, I am faced with the facts here in court. Only the other week I tried a murder case in which the defendant was twenty, the victim nineteen, and the witnesses ranged from sixteen to nineteen. Not a single person in the case had obtained legal majority. What We Need Is Not More Prisons for Criminals, but More Hospitals By MRS. MARY HAMILTON, New York Policewoman. What we need most of all, is an awakening on 1 the part of officials—an awakening on the part of the public as a whole—to the fact that crime is a manifestation of disease, that criminals are sick people, and that most of the crimes pow being perpetrated would, under a more intelligent organization of society, be partly or even entirely preventable. Will we ever learn that what we need is not more prisons for criminals but more hospitals? If we were intelligent enough, first of all, to work for better social conditions and then to treat diseases in their incipient stages rather than in their final ones, we would not have the revolting crimes that are now shocking our society—crimes that are an indictment of the very foundations of our so-called civilization. We hate one hundred young women on our police force in New York city. We need a thousand. The call is to the capable young woman of today, especially to the college woman. Will she respond? Once there is the general understanding of these facta—that crime is disease traceable to unfavorable social conditions, that criminals are nothing more nor less than sick people—there will be as many applicants for the profession as there are now places in the schoolroom, the office and elsewhere. And the money that is now being spent in the stupid punishment of crime will be used in its intelligent prevention. Kansas Must Go East to Meet Boston Coming West for Meat Products By C. D. HARDY, 4wi£t A Company. Seventy per cent of the live stock produced in this country is raised west of the Mississippi river. Seventy per cent of the consuming population lives east of that river. A connection must be made between these sections. The state of lowa, for example, has four and one-half times the production of live stock that the state of New York has. The state of New York, on the other hand, contain? approximately four and one-half times the population of the state of lowa. Obviously you cannot transport the surplus number of consumers out to lowa to procure their portion of the surplus production of food. The problem is to get this surplus production of the raw material of meat food in lowa reduced to a manufactured form and transported to the consuming centers of New York. Boston requires 200,000 head of cattle and 1,000,000 hogs annually. Boston has to go outside to get most of her meat supply. Kansas contains about 2,000,000 head of cattle, 330,000 sheep, 1,750,000 hogs, and has a population of only 2,000,000 people. Kansas produces each year about three times the amount of meat food that can be consumed within the borders of the state, and must go East to find a market—goes East to meet Boston coming West. So these sections are dependent upon each other. — Mrs. Anthony Wayne Cook, President General D. A. R.—Let fliers be infused into the heart of each 6ne of us the belief in the destiny of the greater America, she said, so that each Daughter of the American Revolution shall constitute hereelf a potent force in the service of God, country and the well-being of her fellow citizens. Dr. E. D. Burton, President University of Chicago—The Loeb-Leo-pold case has certainly given every serious-minded teacher cause for thinking more deeply on what is best for certain types of minds. What the whole matter has done for us is to make us stop and think about what in nnr cnhnnh

ommimini T v Buildincj ! Do-Nothing Critics of Little Value to Town In every town there Is a small group of folk who sit tight in the safe but convenient offing* when a community project is under way and tell eaih other, or at least themselves, that “it can’t be done,” or that it is being done the wrong way. They never offer to help; they have no suggestions for bringing success to the project; they invariably refuse to contribute if funds are needed. But after the campaign is won, after the work is done, after the goal is attained, they rise up in noisy dissertation. They criticise the leaders. They explain how this should have been done and how that should have been handled. They know exactly what was the matter. They assure you In frank confidence that If they had been in charge the undertaking would have gone over with a bang the very first day. But they are the folk who always—without exception—are very conspicuous by their absence on the first day and on every other day until the fight Is over. Their talk worries nobody because everybody knows that anybody can shoot par golf at the , "nineteenth" hole. Lt’s the man who« , does his best all the way from the first to the eighteenth who senes his com- ■ munlty. -Those who wait until the “nineteenth" hole to begin playing don’t count, because the game is over then and the scores are all in.—Lebanorf Reporter. Tribute to Home Town Both True and Clever There are fancier towns than our : little town, there are towns that are bigger than this; and the people who I live in the smaller towns don’t know | what excitement they miss. There are ’ things you see in the wealthier towns that you can’t in a town that’s small; ■ and yet, up and down, there is no town ! like our own little town, after all. It may he the streets through the town i are not long, they’re not wide and I maybe not straight, but the neighbors : you know in your own little town all i welcome a fellow —it’s great. In the j glittering streets of the glittering town, with its palace and pavement and thrall; In the midst of the throng you will frequently long for your own little town, after all. If you live and you work in our little town, in spitevof the fact it’s small, you’ll find it a fact that our little town is the best little town, after all.—Oklahoma Wheat Grower. Home Is Everything The home is something mote than a place to hang your hat at meal time and a convenient refuge In which to take your necessary sleep. A A Jeffrey of the agricultural department of Missouri wrote recently. Its daily and hourly Influence—for good or bad —ls the most nearly continuous and doubtless the most important of the environment conditions silently shaping the character of your children and coloring your own outlook on the world. To passersby a beautiful home signifies refinement: to’ the occupants happiness. contentment. optimism, benevolence. How important it ft, v then, that we make our homes as beautiful as we possibly can, wjfch the means hod ingenuity at our command, with well-kept grounds and plantings so make the home blend harmoniously with Its more remote surroundings. Menace in Unpainted Wall An unpainted rough wall, says Doctor Gardner of the Institute of 'lndustrial Research at Washington, is porous ; moisture may be absorbed readily and retained for long periods. In these pores, organic matter and germs may. easily lodge and develop. If the wall is painted, however, not only are these pores filled with paint and a rough, absorptive surface turned into a smooth, unabsorptive surface, but a painted wall can be easily and effectively washed, while the unpainted wall cannot be cleaned successfully. This Js another evidence of the fact that good health is nothing but common sense. • Keep your surroundings clean and neat ? and you will lead a healthier and a happier life than you will If you live In the midst of dirt and confusion. —y Clean-Up Important The success of a clean-up week depends largely upon the hearty co-op-eration and enthusiasm of the citizens. Most of those who take a pride in wanting their town to present a clean, neat and sanitary appearance at all times will, lend the mayor and council a helping hand by cleaning up their premises and placing such trash as they cannot burn where It will fee accessible to the trash wagon.—Leeds (Ala.) Enterprise. Civic Pride Appealed To Let every good citizen of Columbiana give whole-hearted co-operation to the town council in Its efforts to keep the town dean. The work already done has greatly improved the appearance of the town. Now let’s all work getber not only to keep our town clean," but to continue to improve the appearance of things. A degree of civic pride is one of the essential elements of good citizenship. The more civic pride the better citizen.— Shelby County (Ala.) Reporter. Small English Village Wallasea island, within a two-hour ride of London, has a population of less than 100 and no school or church. Looking on Bright Side When any calamity has been Buffered the first Bling to remember is bow much has been escaped.—Johnson. Color Affects Animals Animals grow much faster in lightcolored cages while those in dark quarters are retarded in growth. » - Z> .