The Syracuse Journal, Volume 16, Number 5, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 31 May 1923 — Page 6

Agricultural News Farm - Field - Garden Dalrulng - Live Stock - Poultry

Hens Need More Mash, Less Grain During Summer Nature will not supply enough animal protein. in the form of “ bugs, and .worms during the spring and summer to supply the laying flock of poultry with what is needed to insure good egg prostated A: G. Philips, head .of the poultry department, Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station. In the spWtg when birds get on to free range and in the summer when thgy. utilize .the entire farm for exercise* it is a common practice to reduce the amount of mash containing protein and depend upon the grain as the large part of ‘thj? Jeed to be supplied by those who keep, poultry. As the weather warms up. birds do not need as much heat supplied by grain as they do in the winter. Consequently the grain consumption should naturally he i reduced and mash consumption increased- In order to see that,the birds eat more mash as the season progresses it may be necessary to feed practically no grain in the morning. If the Purdue mash of 50 pounds bran, 50 pounds middlings and 30 pounds twjkage is used, the proportion o? grain to mash in the spring should be tw’o to one and in the summer one to one, or equal parts of grain to mash. •As a rule egg production begins to slump as soon as warm weather arives, but if the mash consumption increases the slump will not be so great. The sumt mer production can be very high and consequently very profitable. On farms where much waste grain is available it may be wise to confine the birds until 10:00 o’clock. in. the morning, thus compelling them to eat mash before they are permitted to roam over .the farm. High mash con•umption is absolutely necessary to insure summer egg production. Bond Invent Under Way For Five Acre Contest Membership in the Indiana Corn Growers’ Association must bg in the secretary's office at . Purdue University on or before June 15 in order to be enrolled in the Five-Acre Corn Contest for 1923. In previous years some corn growers who were interested in the work neglected this membership until after the time limit, and although their corn was good enough to obtain recognition by medal, the medal was not awarded due to the contestant not meeting the requirements. The Five-Acre Committee is very insistent that each interested corn grower should have his membership in before June 15. The Five-Acre work is organised and controlled by the Corn Growers’ Association and is carried on by agricultural extension workers from Purdue University for the purpose of encouraging ’ higher yields and more economic corn production. The work has also accomplished a great deal of good in developing strains of corn which are proving tp be very high yielding. Naturally.the higher in the Five-Acre work of raising more acres of corn, but rather increasing the yield of corn on the area which is bunted. It is a worth -while proposition to ; have an official yield record on«an individual strain of corn. Farmers register their livestock ana have a known pedigree on

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(different breeds, but usually do not think it necessary to have a • pedigree, so to speak, or yield i record on strain of corn. This is I one feature which is being de- ! veloped through the Five-Acre i work. At the annual State Corn Show at LaFayette in January, yield records were placed on strains of corn in the show aftei the judging was completed and the ribbons placed. It was found that 58 out of the 115 exhibitors had official yield records on their strains of corn. These yields ranged from 65 to 117 bushels per acre. These records served as convincing evidence tha’ there was a close correlation between the strains of corn win ning in the corn show and yield. Three out of the five regional sweepstakes made over 100 bushels of corn per acre. The FiveAcre Committee is very desirous and is urging that this be practiced in many local com shows this coming year, and believes that within a few years the man buying seed com will look for the official yield record as well as the type of corn.. The Corn Growers' Association is again offering medalg for high yields; a gold medal for each person producing 100 bushels or over, a silver medal for production of 85-100 bushels, and a bronze medal for a yield of 7585 bushels per acre. These medals bear the seal of the association on the front side and the name and yield on the reverse side, and suspended to a black watch fob,' A certificate of award is likewise sent out by the association which bears the signature of the President, Secretary and Chairman of the Five Acre Committee. This is suitable for framing and certifies as to the official yield. The winning of the medal should not be foremost, however, in the contestant's mind, but the idea of obtaining a yield record on his strain of corn arid increased yields due to better methods of production should be of most value. If any special treatment is given to the Five-Acre plot, an untreated area can likewise be Jiusked out at the time of husking to show’ the actual increase made from certain treatment. This treatment might be testing of corn, selection of seed in the fall, fertilizer, limestone, or some other controlable factor in corn production. Fifty-four counties have stated that an enrollment would be secured this coming year with a reasonably large number from each county. We are urging this year that we have 100 per cent of the man to check up in the fall. The more men we can get to check up. the better the results will be from the standpoint of demonstrating factors influ-1 encing corn production. The Five-Acre Committee would like to have the membership of each and every interested corn grower, before June 15. Entire Herd of <>ttle Found to be Tubercular In LaPortl County, a herd of cattle in which tuberculosis was known to exist because of the death of ten cows during the last three years, and the existence of tuberculosis in hogs, were tested on’April 11, and every individual, from two months old calves, reacted. There were 38 cows and calves in this herd. These animals weer shipped to Chicago

and slaughtered under Federal supervision. Eighty percent of the cattle were sent to the rendering tank. A few of the farmers who went to Chicago to see the slaughtering did not believe in testing cattle, but five minutes after they were on the killing floor, they wanted to go back and i spread the gospel to their neighbors, says County Agent C. A. Buechner, in reporting the incident. Warren Farmers Unite To Raise Good Horses In the assembling of work horses and mules for the spring work on the farms in Warern County, the farmers found that good horses were becoming scarce and that foreign buyers .vere/bnytng up the few really good[ ones that are left. As veryfew bolts have been raised on the far nA (hiring the last few years, it was thought urgent to look toward the replenishing of the work stock on the farms. In planning to raise more colts, the farmers found that desirable stallions were not accessible as stallion owners had not found it profitable to stand good ones in the last few years. For this reason it was necessar yto arrange for the placing of a stallion in the community in order that breeding operations could be planned at once. The farmers Jordan, Pike, Steuben and Liberty townships that were interested in breeding horses went together and bought a high grade young Belgian stallion co-opera-tively, each farmer taking shares in the horse according to the number of mares he wished V breed. Seventeen tarmers are included in this organization which is known as the Pleasant View Belgian Horse Company, was formed on April 25 and will incorporate. -Five directors and a manager were elected by the stockholders. The organization should be a big influence toward raising good draft colts. Several other communities in the county are planning to get stallions of high class and take up the work of producing more draft horses. Brown County Farmers Are Turning to Soybeans During the winter, from onefourth to one-half day was spent in the schools of Brown County (63 in number) by the county agent. R. E. Grubbs. Patrons of the schools were invited by the teachers on the same day to hear the discussion on the uses and methods of growing and handling soybeans and cowpeas, samples of both being shown. Soil was tested for acidity by the blue litmus and potassium thiocyanate tests. The pupils were not only told of the value of these legumes but were told how to inoculate the seed and why. Time was taken to explain about bacteria and hbw they live and grow. An attempt was made to visit one or more farms in each school district in order to get some one to try out the soybean in his district Over 150 farmers in the county have agreed to grow one or more acres of soybeans, many of whom have never tried it before. In there were only about 25 acres of soybeans grown in the county. Last year about. 250 acres were grown and this year more than 1,000 acres will be grown. Grimm Alftilfa Proves Best in Kisciusko County In Kosciusko County, the Grimm alfalfa seeded last year is generally in fair shape. County Agent T. A. Parker reports. On one farm near Warsaw, a 15-acre field was seeded to alfalfa in August, 11 acres with certified Grimm seed and four acres with

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THE SYRACUSE JOURNAL

common alfalfa. The four acres of common seed are entirely frozen out but the Grimm survived the winter in good shape. o “ENOUGH” IS FATAL Out of the beginnings of philosophy there came this bit of truth: “If you say you have enough, you perish. Always add, always walk, always proceed.” No author of the present,day is writing anything that digs deeper into the “why of things” than does that thought. The people who have ceased to “add, walk and proceed” have ceased to be useful to society. The preacher, teacher, editor or student who do not make honest efforts to improve, to advance, are a stand-still — going backward, in fact. The merchant who is satisfied is doomed. The merchant whc believes that his business is big enough, useful enough, important enough, is out of the race. In all lines of business there must be, of necessity, the ceaseless adding, walking, proceeding —the reaching, pushing, shoving, pulling, pressing for greater usefulness to the community. These things presage growth—they are growth. Under modern conditions this striving and struggling would be of little avail if it were not tor advertising—which makes striving and struggling worth while, and effective. Time was when merchants imagined that it was good advertising to merely keep the name and location of a store in the public eye. with an occasional generality concerning the store’s aims and purposes. This probably served as w-ell as anything in the days when people did not generally read advertising, not let it influence their buyings and sellings. Under the new conditions, however, people are reading advertisements in pursuit of information concerning the particular and specific things the stores have to sell, or that people have to offer. There are more people in this community whose purchases at stores are influenced or governed by advertising than ever before. The result is, of course, that newspaper advertising has become to be far more effective — that results from it are not only sure but that they are usually quick apd easily traceable to the ad which produced them. It has becomes possible to very nearly gauge and measure the amount and kind of newspaper advertising which will be required for a specific purpose—to carry through some particular store sale or to introduce a project or product, float a business venture, rejuvenate a run-down store or seH a piece of property. The advertiser w’ho says “enough,” who thinks he is striving sufficiently, has really ceased to strive at all. “Enough" is a delusion. NEW WOMAN’S MAGAZINE The National Woman’s Party is about to launch a new magazine which shall be woman’s very own, from cover to cover. It is to be called Equal Rights and espouse intensively the cause of unqualified equality of the sexes, before the law, w’hich Alice Pau), Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont and the others advocate. The Woman’s Party feels that none of the existing periodicals for women quite fills the bill, because all are man-edited, manpublished and man-dominated.

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ALL THE FACTS ABOUT COAL Washington, D. C.—Beginning between June, 1917, and November, 1921, there were eight separate governmental investigations of the coal industry, the published records of which fill twenty or more large volumes. On September 22 next a ninth inquiry and survey will be completed, and if all the statistics and other data that are developed are published in full, together with the conclusions and recommendations of the commission, the result will be another fivefoot shelf of literature on coal. Congress, the President and the public will then have available every essential fact pertaining to the great fuel industry. Whether all this will bring about a solution of the coal problem remains to be seen, but it is certain that failure to arrive at a solution can not be charged tc a lack of information. Experts agree that the investigation now’ under way is the most comprehensive that has ever been made of a great industry. Every phase of and every step in the production and distribution of coal is being examined. All the pertinent material that has been gathered bj such government agencies as the Bureau of Census, the Bureau of Mines,' the Federal Trade Commission, and the Geological Survey’ is being assembled and studied. The most exhaustive questionnaires have been sent tc operators, wholesalers and retail dealers, and as the reports are received they are being tabulated and digested by a staff of more than 400 specialists and clerks. In the matter of wages the first step was to call on 2,500 miners for statements showing every change that has been made in wage scales affecting the whole of one occupation or more than one* occupation since Jan. 1. 1912. In the fields where the operators have had agreements w’ith the miners’ union it is comparatively easy to furnish this information, but in the nonunion fields rates changes have been made more frequently and have varied almost from*mine to mine. The next step was to call for actual wages paid every’ ' miner at each pay period during the calendar year 1921. In some places where pay day comes every tw’o weeks there are twenty-six such periods, while in others where the men are paid on the first and sis--1 teenth of each month there are twenty-four, but the amount of data called for by this questionnaire is seen when it is known that in the bituminous mines alone 663,000 miners were employed in 1921. Each miner’s name .must be given, his occupation, the number of hours or days worked during each period and the amounts paid him, together with the totals for the year. In addition this questionnaire calls for the total number of starts by the mine for eacn period, the total hours worked by each mine for each period, the average number of hours worked and the average numbers of employes at work per start. ) The blank furnished for this report is a great sheet, about 20 by 28 inches in size, ruled on both sides, with spaces for the I names of sixty miners. The report on the bituminous miners therefore w’ould require more than 11,000 such sheets, and as each sheet may have more than 2,000 entries or notations on it,

it constitutes a most formidable document. The amount of clerical work devolving' upon the operators in preparing it and upon the employes of the commission in tabulating and checking it is little short of stupendous. Then the operators w’ere called upon for a statement of costs, income and disposition made of coal for each month during a period of two years. There are 146 items on this questionnaire, and w’hen that little bookkeping and clerical job is attended to, the operators can occupy theftodd moments getting up a table listing all the strikes, their causes, duration, number of men involved, manner settled, etc., for a four-year peripd. There are scores and even hundreds of strikes affecting individual mines or fields of which the general public never hears and which are comparatively insignificant, but all must be reported in detail. Wholesale and retail dealers in coal must submit exhaustive statements show’ing their volume of business and profits—or losses if there were such —during the same period for which the operators report costs and income, and the extent of this phase of the investigation is indicated by the fact that there were from 3,500 to 4,000 wholesalers and approximately 38,000 retailers in the country. What it costs the miners to live and the conditions under which they live is another phase of the inquiry that has been gone into thoroughly. Field workers have secured the actual Household budgets of thousands of miners’ families, and experts are studying housing conditions, sanitation, school, merchandising, etc., in mining camps and towns. From time to time charges have been made that the civil rights of the miners have been invaded by the operators, chiefly in certain camps or fields in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Union officials have claimed that miners and their families have been denied the rights of free speech and free assemblage, and that union organizers have been jailed or chased out of the fields by local authorities controlled by the operators. This question is regarded as an important one and a special investigation and study of it are being made under the direction of former Vice President Thomas R. Marshall. It is generally known that

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there are from 20 to 25 percent more miners in the bituminous industry than would be necessary to get out the amount of coal mined each year, and the commission wants to know the w’hy and wherefore of this. It also is measuring the labor turnover, and comparing it with the turnover in other industries employing a similar type of labor, and it is going into the question as to whether miners generally work all the time they have the opportunity to work or indulge themselves in vacations that are not forced, j Engineering “studies relating to the production, transportation and distribution of coal are being made and closely allied thereto is a survey that will show the extent, cost and causes of irregular operation and overdevelopment of the industry. Mining w’astes are being studied and the possibility of developing storage as at least a partial means of stabilizing the industry will also be a feature of the commission’s report. In speaking of coal strikes Herbert Hoover said that the periodic wars were symptoms of a disease. “But before we treat I this disease,’’ he said, “we must ; have a more accurate diagnosis. We must have adequate, accurate information from which to w-eigh the different .causes. We must be able to apply to all the test of fact. From such an understanding we should be able to return this industry to sanity. The commission has the greatest opportunity for constructive work since the war. The public demands results; it is sick and weary of periodic warfare and futile attempts at solution." There js every evidence that the commission is making the complete diagnosis that Mr. Hoover said was needed. It will be up to congress, however, to apply the remedy tha* is indicated.

PATHETIC RUSSIAN PLAYTHING A very primitive doll can be found in Russia. It is the moss doll, and it expresses the poverty and loneliness of Russia’s forest regions. It is roughly made oX wood, with a face, of pathetic ' sadness, and is dressed in hood and clothes of forest moss. The male doll is distinguished from I the female only by the hatchet I which he carries.