The Syracuse Journal, Volume 7, Number 14, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 30 July 1914 — Page 6

AUSTRIA, GERMANY AND ITALY VERSUS RUSSIA, GREAT BRITAIN AND FRANCE Lineup of the Great Powers Behind Austria’s Army on One Side and the Army of Servia on the Other « r~ ~ • W ’-'i ’P tgOOQfejgjM I I j w I ITALIAN SQLPIE RST :. - ■ .. ---J — tss— -4- r y . ■> ■ V ■-■•■■"■';<■ ' .; ' • - ■ . <■ ■ '' ' ••* "'' i ' ' x ' * "'*& •' ■ ’ ■ 't/' /iV IT ...^"72^^ KMw gMkar/ i •>««■ Sian H J 01 > y‘ >4 *< * ' 'T<«.- '/_ -_■ ~ ; ■*'■'''—-' " : ... GeR MAM INFAKTRyJ—IWMHBMKBUESMMBKISiSKHMUR. » i ... MMMmMBM ’ ILKr uhMBWWKMBMHBIt j - SH ARTILLERY; A ; : ffiL-t'‘*Z ...» _»&. ■ J / ' ‘P®.' - afew&O| mm4£4 difflt. _y__J2_£;

’ITU tense interest the whole world is watching the devel- i opment of the situation be-1 tween Austria and Servia..

w

What shall be its immediate result, what its Anal outcome? Although Servia backed down on July 25, will this quarrel between neighbors extend beyond its original territory and eventually involve all the great powers of Europe in a general war? That Austria woujd be supported by Germany should Russia decide upon hostile measures in support of Servia was considered absolutely certain. Both Austria and Germany are next door neighbors of Russia and are united in the common interest of preventing Slav expansioh and aggression in the Balkan peninsulas Whether Italy, the third power in the triple alliance, would actively support Austria was a question open to speculation. It is true that the terms of the alliance make it practically obligatory for Italy to lend its support to Austria and Germany in the event of a war with Russia, but it is believed by many that owing to Italy’s close relations to Montenegro, which * is outspokenly friendly to Russia, and in view of certain internal conditions Italy may remain neutral. Whether England and France, the other great western powers/would eventually side with Russia was a question of deep concern to all Europe, France, being a rather close ally of Russia and naturally hostile to Germany, may consider this a welcome opportunity to seek redress from its hereditary foe for the taking away of Alsace-Lorraine ’ In 1870-1 and may enter into the general mixup with that end in view. Attitude of Minor Powers. That an outbreak of hostilities between Austria and Servia may arouse a sympathetic wave among the bel ligerent and intently clannish peoples of the Balkan pcainsula is extremely likely. Montenegro has already announced that it will give its support to Servia. and this may prompt the other minor powers of the Balkans to take sides in accordance with their racial, religious and political interests. Roumania. at one time a stanch ally of Russia, is no longer friendly to that power—at least, not to the extent of i fighting for it. It is believed that Roumania will remain neutral in the 1 fight and will carefully guard its terri-I tory against encroachments by either 1

* AUSTRIA'S ULTIMATUM. t |— • ? j * Ths Austrian ultimatum to * J Servia contained the following J * demands: -k 1 First.—The Servian govern- J j ment must publish official dis- * > avowal of its connection with J anti-Austrian propaganda. * * Second.—The Servian govern- J i ment must make a vigorous in- J 3- vestigation of the part played -k J by Slavs in the assassination of * J- Archduke Francis Ferdinand, J heir to the Austrian throne, and * J his wife. J * Third.—Servia must suppress -k * all the pan-Slavic societies J J which are carrying on a po- * J litical campaign against Austria. * * Fourth.—Servia must suppress -k > the activities of Slavic agents J J in Bosnia and Herzegovina who * » are working for the detachment J of territory from Austria. * ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★A******* of the hostile powers. Only iu the event that Bulgaria should decide upon giving active support to Austria is it believed that Roumania would abandon its neutrality and attack Bulgaria. Turkey, Greece and the other eastern powers of Europe may not be drawn into the conflict in the beginning, but in view of the intense feeling of racial jealousy and hatred between the Mohammedan and the Christian elements struggling for supremacy in that part of Europe it is doubtful that they will remain neutral through the entire conflict. The Strength of the Armies. Germany, with 316 ships in her navy and an estimated war strength of land t forces amounting to 2,250,000 men. leads the nations involved in military power. Russia is next, with 166 ships and an estimated fighting force of 1,845,000 men. Austria has 114 ships and can probably put 1.500,000 men in the field if necessary. Os the sea fighters Germany has 33 battleships to Russia’s 9 and Austria’s 13; 103 torpedo boats of all classes to Russia’s 203 and Austria’s 72; 23 submarines to Russia’s 20 and Austria’s 6. The rest of the naval strength is confined to cruisers, eliminating the noni fighting craft in the three navies. ; Russia’s standing army in peace is 1 not much less in number's than her war : strength, being 1,500,000 men. Germaoy supports 672.000 men la her armr

at all times. Austria has 425.881 and : Servia 30,038. All require continuous : military service, Russia’s demands be> ■ Ing the greatest, with a term of from : three to four and one-third years. During the last few years Russia's entire army has been reorganized, rearmed and reclothed, and a new navy : is in course of construction. While Austria can put an army of 1,500.000 in the field, there are also available for duty 3.000.000 unorganized mqg f ! Servia has a field army of only about ! 150,000, with a reserve Imperfectly organized of 150,000 more of a total population of 3,000.000. These figures, however, do not tell the whole story. Servia belongs to a race of fighters. All the men and nearly all the women know how to shoot and to defend themselves. w TO AMERICA. Thou new Great Britain, famous, free and bright, West of thy west sleepeth my ancient east! Our sunsets make thy moons. Daytime and night Meet in sweet morning promise on thy breast. Fulfill the promise, queen of boundless lands. Where as thine own an English singer ranks! I who found favor at thy sovereign hands Kiss them, and at thy feet lay these for thanks. f —Edwin Arnold. MUSIC. Music has as little association with the other arts in respect of its contents as it has in respect to its materials. It has for its best and truest state no object of Invitation, and because of this it stands Isolated from all other products of the human mind. On the one hand are the things which are projected, grasped, comprehended by the intellect; on the cither, an awe Inspiring solitude outside the domain of reason, and therefore beyond its reason stands music* bodying forth the forms of reason.—Henry Edward KrehbieL

Wiriiti j t >—«■«<<•• »♦♦<»♦♦»♦»»•»<♦♦» 1 I MENnC-lOF GREAI EUROPEAN WAR 0 7 i Situ'S BOLD FRONT TO AUSTRIA :: ni— '• •• l: Long Smoldering Hatred Put Comprehensive Survey of Sit- 11 Germany and Russia at uation of Gravest World- ;> !| Daggers’Points. _, ■ ~.. J

TTTVtatMtttMMlTttl — ( ANOTHER chapter, perhaps II bloody one, may be added to b the tempestuous history of southeastern Europe as the result of the demands of Austria, so forcibly and peremptorily expressed in the ultimatum-' submitted by the j Austrian representative in Belgrade. I The present situation is not the outgrowth of recent complications, although reeeut events, particularly the murder of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the Austrian heir to the throne, brought matters to a crisis. The real cause of the trouble lies deeper and dates back to the time when Servia became an independent principality, when the Servians began to dream of a great national future and of the establishment of a great Slav realm in southeastern Europe. And yet those who have studied the i history of the oriental question fully . realize that behind all the countless ; conflicts and intrigues the efforts to arouse racial and religious strife W: I V AwwEW',--J x S' VMBMH ffl >■ A SERVIAN SOLDIER.

Not High Priced But Bade to Last i » I Tii mi 3 ?. • • Ift I I rs I j ' g Lowest Prices /JhiHHHSß™®® \ Highest Quality | ■ i New Furniture, New Rugs, New Curtains, New Every- | ig thing for Better Home Living. This is § g the Store Where f I “Everything For The Home” | | Is Always Ready. § I KememDGr m Pau Your Railroad Fare and Denver me Goods | | SMITH-CLARK CO. | » Home Outfitters and Funeral Directors. GOSHEN g

I among the countries of the Balkan pen Insula and the ceaseless agitations and < onsplracles which made the Balkan peninsula the hotbed of trouble in Europe primarily were due to the influvuce of Russia. Tienmnds Amazed Germany The unprecedented demands of Austria and the sharpness of the note addressed to Belgrade struck Berlin as a thunderclap and caused the greatest amazement. A high government official declared that war or peace rested entirely with Servia. The attitude of the Belgrade government was believed to depend entirely upon the approval or disapproval of Russia. Officials declared the gravest situation would be presented should France and Russia : attempt to interfere. In such event, it was declared, the ■ conflict would be shifted overnight j from war betw’een Austria and Servia to a situation menacing the peace of all Europe, although Austria demanded only a cessation of anti-Austrian agitation and punishment of the archduke's murderers. It was pointed out that, should Russia take part against Austria. Ger many was fully prepared to draw the sword on behalf of her ally, in accordance with the terms of the triple alliance between Germany, Austria and Italy. In fact, there was presented the possibility of another “battle of the nations” such as that in 1813. which accomplished the virtual .overthrow of Napoleon. Officers Ordered to Posts. Italy and Germany have approved of the Austrian program. All German officers on leave of absence were notified to be prepared to return to their posts at a moment’s notice. The attitude of the German government was outlined in a statement from the foreign office; “If war is declared.*’ it was stated. “Germany will do everything possible to localize the conflict and keep it confined to Austria and Servia. Germany will keep hands off, but should another power seek to interfere Germany will promptly fulfill its duty as an ally. The action of Austria in delivering the ultimatum was taken independently. Germany having nothing to do with the framing of the note.’' It was the desire of Russia to gain a foothold in the Mediternuiean which precipitated numerous wars between the powers of southeastern Europe, it was this same ambition of the great ’ Slav nation of the north which prompt- ! ed the Russian government to subsidize the governments of nearly all the so called Danube principalities and by

I secret emissaries to keep up an effective pan-Slavistlc agitation in these i countries. It was the aim of Russia to win the friendship of the Slavic peoples of the Balkan countries, with the ultimate hope of gaining their support for Russia’s plans of maritime expansion. Balked by Powers. Once or twloe during the past 300 years Russia came near realizing its hope of obtaining an outlet to the I / r - ' ■ >B* ' ' TO 1 arß ( W*" z ® i i I f W ’al 1 ut* KAH 'ft I . EMPEROR FRANCIS JOSEPH OF AUSTRIA ' Mediterranean, but in every instance the western powers, particularly Austria and Germany, interfered and crushed the ambitious schemes of the northern power. The western powers clearly understood that Russia must remain hemmed In to prevent it from j expanding and from gaining control ' over Europe, a danger called serious ; to the political independence of all Eui ropean nations and to European civj ilization itself. The present imbroglio, serious enough as its apparent causes may be, is merely another incident in the long chain of events studiously prepared by Russian influences to widen the breach between the Teutonic nations of the west and the Slavs of the east and to prepare the ground for the grand coup by which Russia hopes to gain its end. Terms of Triple Alliance. According to the triple alliance treaty Germany is not bound to assist Austria if Austria strikes the first blow, but in ease the first shot is fired by a Servian soldier Germany is obliged, acj cording to the treaty, to side with her ally. In that case Russia as a Slav ■ nation would assist Servia, and the real issue would no longer be between Austria and Servia, but between Germany and Russia. It is common belief that the Servian Crown Prince Alexander, now acting i regent during the king’s illness, is under the influence of the war party. Crown Prince Alexander of Servia is the second son of King Peter, but became heir to the throne when his

9' M iSy? CBOWN PRINCE ALEXANDER, ACTINO REGENT OF SERVIA. i brother George renounced bis bfrth- . right owi. g an unbalanced condi- !' tlon of the i ; . I He was I. : a ii Aetinje in 1888 and I was educated ia :ssia. He has been popular y.ith Servian people and is generally regarded as a capable and serious minded young man. The sudden acce.r i a , f f’:e prince to power caused quite a n .. ti< n in European political circles. Ills mother George’s numerous escapades.had long branded him unlit to luie over the country, and it was at the king's request that he r. nonneed his position. He is one of the handsomest men in the courts of Europe and has had many rumored love affairs. At different times he was reported betrothed to a Russian princest ie crown princess of Greece and the Princess Schadis, eldest daughter of former Sultan Abdul Hamid of Turkey, s During the Turkish war Prince Alexander bore the bn ut of most of the fightin r along the .'.iroedonian frontier and was especially actiye at the battles of Kumanovo and Monastir. Crown Prince Alexander was rescued from death in the Alpine snows last winter while training himself for service with the army in the field. The monks of the St. Bernard monastery, Geneva, and the dogs were on watch in the St. Bernard pass, as usual on bad nights, when one of the dogs discovered two men overcome in the snow and half buried by the drifting flakes. The men were taken to the monastery and restored to consciousness, when they told the monks they were Prince Alexander and his adjutant, a Servian captain, j The prince said that he, being a ! soldier and expecting early service in | the field, desired to harden his body by exposure under difficult circumstances and had therefore undertaken i climbing excursions in the Alps. (Continued on page 5)