The Mail-Journal, Volume 23, Number 48, Milford, Kosciusko County, 26 November 1986 — Page 12

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THE MAIL-JOURNAL — Wed., November 26,1986

School news

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HATS OFF TO VETERANS — In Mrs. Williams* and Mrs. Carmichael’s first grade classes at Milford Elementary School. the students were encouraged to bring in hats and other wearing apparel of war veterans on November 11 in honor of Veterans Day. Pictured are four of the students donned in various military hats. From left are Greg Brunjes, Jason Haab, Joshua McClintic, and Randy Medley. Standing in back, from left, are Mrs. Carmichael and Mrs. Williams. (Photo by Leslie Miller)

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PREPARING FOR PLAY — Members of the Syracuse Elementary School Readiness program prepare for a Thanksgiving play to be presented for parents today (Wednesday). The students have been studying the Indians and Pilgrims of the first Thanksgiving throughout November. In the front row, from left, are Sabrina Estes, Allison Elliott, Ashley Ray, Lisa Cm ba ugh, Bambi Harris, Amy Nottingham, and Arnie Mullen. In the second row are Matthew Coy, Joshua Miller, Berton Kolberg, Jeremy Cole, Greg French, Ben Hill, Kevin Carr, Mike Walley, and Eddie Miller.

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THANKSGIVING ARTWORK — The Indian wall hanging shown with these students was made by them with the help of their teacher, Sue Cockburn. It fits in with the dress-up Thanksgiving feast some North Webster students enjoyed today on the day before Thanksgiving. From the left are Sara Waldrop, Sarah Mignery, Sara Stowers, teacher Sue Cockburn and Tracy Stimmel. (Photo by Glen Long)

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Diarrhea: Common childhood ailment Some parents may not realize just how serious some “common” childhood ailments can be. Diarrhea is one of those ailments. For example: Three to five percent of hospital admissions of children in the United States are diarrhea-related. Diarrhea’s frequent watery stools can cause the loss of body fluids and electrolytes — essential minerals such as sodium, potassium, and chloride. These losses are especially serious for infants and young children, and can lead to dehydration, which may even require a hospital stay. The good news: With proper treatment, fluid and electrolyte losses can be safely managed at home with administration of oral electrolyte solutions. Pedialyte, a specially formulated electrolyte solution from Ross Laboratories comes in a convenient quart size plastic bottle and is the oral electrolyte maintenance solution recommended most by pediatricians for diarrhea. If diarrhea, or any other childhood health problem, persists or gets worse at any time, see a doctor.

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Thanksgiving — then and now

By BETTY GLIDEWELL Guest Feature Writer

One of America’s most widely observed holidays — Thanksgiving — is almost here. We may complain that it’s too dose to Christmas, but most of us eagerly look forward to the family gettogether and the traditional dinner of roast turkey with all the trimmings and pumpkin pie. Not only is it a time to renew family ties, but most of us regard the day as a special time to thank God for our many blessings — food, shelter, our loved ones, our country and our freedoms. Oddly enough, while the Pilgrims undoubtedly thanked the Heavenly Father many times, their first harvest celebration did not have a religious aspect. The only eyewitness description of the events of that first observance is in a letter Pilgrim Edward Winslow wrote to a friend in England shortly after the New Plymouth colonists’ first successfill harvest. He wrote, “Our harvest being gotten in, our governor sent four men on fowling, that we might

By MARIETTA HENRY County Extension Agent

I received a call from one of your reporters asking me to write a weekly column for all of you. I guess I should feel delighted to receive such a request, but my immediate reaction was “What can I write about that would interest everyone in Kosciusko County?” I decided for my very first article to write about our favorite subject, “Food.” Then readers, will you help me out on my next articles? Please send me or bring into the extension office, recipes and food tips for me to share with fellow readers. Just write me: “Marietta’s Memos,” Marietta Henry, Extension Agent 100 West Center Street, Courthouse, Warsaw, Ind. 46580. Be sure to include your name and address, telephone number, so I can call you if I have questions. Men — you write, too! The best chefs in the world are men and I bet there are a lot of you men in the county who do a lot of cooking! . Recently I was the recipient of a new cookbook entitled “America’s Favorite Dried Fruit and Nut Recipes.” Not only does this book have the most photos of foods prepared from their superb recipes, but it has a lot of interesting food tips. Here are some that I found that you may enjoy reading: • To retain the natural crispness and flavor of walnuts in moist foods like fruit salads, simply toast the walnuts before adding them to the recipe. To toast walnuts, spread the walnuts out in a shallow pan. Toast in 350 degree oven for 10 to 12 minutes or till golden, stirring often. Cool. Chop walnuts after toasting, if desired. • Shred cabbage in the blender or food processor to save time. Remove any wilted outer leaves; rinse cabbage. Core. For blender, cut into wedges. Place a few cabbage wedges in the blender container. Cover with cold water. Cover; blend till coarsely chopped. Remove from blender; drain well. Repeat. Drain well before using. For food processor, insert shredding disk. Cut cabbage into wedges to fit feed tube; shred. • To bone a whole chicken, start at neck; make horizontal cut on each side of bird inside the cavity. Break the joints. Use fingers

after a special manner rejoice together after we had gathered the fruit of our labors. The four in one day killed as much fowl as, with a little help beside, served the company almost a week. At which time, amongst other recreations, we exercised our arms, many of the Indians coming amongst us, and among the rest their greatest king Massasmt, with some 90 men, whom for three days we entertained and feasted, and they went out and killed five deer, winch they brought to the plantation and bestowed on our governor, and upon the captain and others. Althoughit be not always so plentiful as it was at tins time with us, yet by the goodness of God, we are so far from want that we often wish you partakers of our plenty.’ The events of that fall day, some three and one-half centuries ago, are best understood as the first harvest festival held on American soil. It was based on an institution of great antiquity in the England the Pilgrims had left behind. It was a time of joy, celebration and carousing with no suggestion of solemn religious

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to loosen meat from wishbone, cutting the ligaments. Work your hands around the rib cage to the backbone loosening meat and cutting cartilage. Turn bird around. With fingers, break ribs; remove with breastbone Loosen meat from the backbone. Cut tail from backbone. Cut joint connecting lower backbone to thighbone. Remove the remaining rib cage and backbone. Break joints between legs and thighs. Use your fingers to loosen meat from thighbones, cutting ligaments; remove thighbone. • When raisins are packaged, they’re soft and moist. To keep raisins moist once a package has been opened, store them in an airtight container in the refrigerator. If raisins become dry or sugary, or if a recipe calls for plumped raisins, simply cover them with boiling water or very hot tap water. Soak raisins about 5 minutes, drain, and pat dry. • To achieve just the right type of crust on your next yeast bread, try one of these techniques. For a crisp, shiny outer crust, gently brush the unbaked yeast loaf with a little milk, water, or egg diluted with milk or water. You may use just the egg white or the yolk, or the entire egg. To soften the crust and give it a deeper color, brush the entire loaf, before and after baking, with melted shortening, butter, margarine or cooking oil. • Use the cold water test to check candy doneness if you don’t have a candy thermometer. First, remove pan of candy from heat. Immediately drop a few drops of boiling syrup into cup of very cold (buy not icy) water. Use fresh water and clean spoon for each test. When candy

&JIPSCO Offices will be Closed November 27tli&28tti <7 n observance of the Thanksgiving holiday, NIPSCO Customer Service offices will be closed Thursday, November 27th and Friday, November 28th. service, however, will be available, as it is every day of the year. If you have a NIPSCO-related emergency, call your local NIPSCO service number. C lhe men and women at NIPSCO wish you and your family a happy and bountiful Thanksgiving holiday. Northern Indiana Public Service Company We’re Here to Help.

concern. The 101 emigrants who boarded the Mayflower in the fall of 1620 were a mixed group. Only 35 (“saints” as they called themselves) were religious dissenters who had suffered persecution, flight and exile. The remaining 66 had been added to the group by its financial backers to bring the total number to a level deemed sufficient to establish a successful colony in the New World. These William Bradford called “strangers,” but each member of the band carried the mark of English medieval culture. From the beginning, the Pilgrim venture encountered serious problems. One of the two ships on which they were to sail had difficulties, so the entire group was crowded aboard the Mayflower which finally put to sea in mid-September. Only one of the company perished during the voyage of 66 days, but by the time they landed there was no hope of getting sustenance from the land during the coming months. After some exploration of the Cape, a settlement site was

reaches soft-ball stage, it can be shaped into a ball that flattens when removed from water. If this stage has not been reached, quickly return saucepan to heat. Remove pan and retest every 2 to 3 minutes until the soft-ball stage is reached.

• For successful yeast breads every time, be sure the liquid ingredients are at the proper temperature. In a saucepan heat the milk, sugar, shortening or butter, and salt just till warm (115-120 degrees). Use a thermometer for accuracy. If a thermometer isn’t available, test a few drops of the liquid on the inside of your wrist. The liquid should just feel warm. If the liquid is too hot, cool it to the proper temperature before adding it to the yeast mixture. There’s no need for the shortening or butter to melt completely before stirring the liquid mixture into the flour mixture; it will dissolve when mixed.

• The concentrated sugars in dried fruits serve as natural preservatives, so storing them is simple. Unopened packages of dried fruits will retain their optimum flavor, color, and nutritive value for six to eight months when stored in a cool, dry place or in the refrigerator. In hot or humid weather, dried fruits should always be refrigerator stored. Place opened packages in airtight containers and store in the refrigerator to retain moisture. Dried fruits can also be frozen and thaw quickly at room temperature.

Have a nice Thanksgiving. Do write me, readers. I need and want to hear from you.

selected — an abandoned Indian cornfield. Further searching revealed an Indian grave and an encampment with buried corn caches. There was only one encounter with living Indians at this time, and no injury resulted from the incident. Three years earlier the New England coast Indians had been ravaged by some European disease, and about threefourths of then had perished. Thee were no further confrontations with the Indians until the following spring. We all know the gist of that first terrible winter endured by the Pilgrims — the dissension from the “stranges” in the group and the resultant framing of the famous Mayflower Compact, the terrible physical hardships and the death of half of the group. Then in early spring hope welled up, especially when a friendly English speaking Indian appeared. This was Samoset who lived in Maine. He told the Pilgrims about Squanto who had even more fluency with the English language since he had been kidnapped in 1614, sold into slavery and escaped to England. On a trip back to America, he jumped ship and returned home only to find his people had been wiped out by disease. These two Indians played a very important role in the Pilgrims’ life in America. They arranged a meeting between the English and Massasoit, the local Wampanoag chief, which resulted in a treaty of peace and mutual assistance. Squanto also taught the Pilgrims how to plant corn. The Pilgrims were genuinely surprised that the Indians were willing to live at peace with them and even help them. They had been led to believe that the Indians were fearsome. It is even more amazing since the Indians’ trust and friendliness in previous European-Indian encounters had often been betrayed. With their fears of the Indians temporarily abated, the surviving 50 Pilgrims had raised hopes in the late spring of 1621. They had built 11 houses, the sickness had passed, and food was not a critical problem. All summer there was no want, plenty of game and fish being available. However, the Pilgrims could not rest. It was absolutely im-

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perative that they produce a crop to insure adequate food for the coming winter, so they planted their fields with a mixture of English and Indian crops. The peas totally failed, and the barley failed to measure up to expectations, so their survival hinged on the Indian corn crop. Luckily, it did not fail. Each Pilgrim could count on two pounds of corn meal everyday.

It would have seemed appropriate for the Pilgrims to give thanks to God with a solemn day of Thanksgiving. Instead, they chose an older mode of Thanksgiving, known as Harvest Home. Most of them had participated in this sectilar revelry as boys (or girls). It became so rowdy during the harvest time that Henry VIII had attacked the numerous feasts that prevented farmers from “taking the opportunity of good and serene weather offered upon the same in time of harvest.” So, by the late 1500 s, the holiday was observed only after the harvest was safely home. Then came day after day of revelry, sports and feasts. It is not clear why the Pilgrims selected Harvest Home over a solemn day of Thanksgiving. Perhaps after a long exile, they needed to reassure themselves that they were still capable farmers. Harvest Home, the most important of the rural festivals, was a natural symbol of their success. Like the English celebrations, the Pilgrim event lasted for about a week. It included demonstrations of the men’s prowess with firearms and longbows, spprts and feasting. Venison and other game were plentiful; puddings were made from cereals and fruits; and pumpkins were cooked with spices. Cakes and ale ended the feast. So when 20th century Americans celebrate their Thanksgiving, they are continuing a tradition that is older than the nation itself. Many of our modern customs are in the spirit of the first Harvest Home, but the religious aspect of Thanksgiving and even the act of giving thanks are later additions. In sharp contrast to our traditional concept of Thanksgiving, the first one was a part of the harvest itself and a direct result of folk culture and tradition known the world over.