The Mail-Journal, Volume 22, Number 50, Milford, Kosciusko County, 11 December 1985 — Page 5

Seventh In A Series

Visit the site of WW II conference at Yalta, in the Crimea

By DELLA AND ARCH BAUMGARTNER

YALTA, Crimea, USSR, Friday, Oct. 11 — Once our touring American journalists left Odessa on the Black Sea, in our odyssey across the Soviet Union, a natural next step was to visit Yalta in the Crimea, site of one of the major agreements among the Allies in the waning years of World War 11.

It was here that the American President, Franklin D. Roosevelt (who was to die April 12th, just a little more than two months later), the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and the Russian chief of state Joseph Stalin were to meet from February 4-12, 1945, to sign the pact, “Unity For Peace As In War.” The Crimean Peninsula, small

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RUSSIAN INTELLECTUALS — These three very versatile Russians provided us with “their side of the story,” in a spirited exchange at tthe Yalta Hotel. From left: Professor Yuri Dubovsky, head of the English Philology Department, Simferopool State University, Crimea; Dr. Alexander Volchenko, of the Crimean Medical Institute; and Professor Edward A. Ivanian, of the Institute of U.S. and Canadian Studies, USSR Academy of Science.

SgßßiSssW' ->’^ t ‘ * I< WJrtf X k f S “ *1 Zlfl|BML|^^ET.. JB BBBBIHBBBBEBIMBMBB SIB® I H!l , YALTA HOTEL — The 2,500-room Yalta Hotel where we stayed is a mecca for vacationing Soviet workers, and has all the plush appointments of any hotel anywhere of its size, although the rooms were small. 7 ■ It' ■ 111 •_ |\ I ■ j 111 JjML _ , ? S. ■*' r ; > • -»w.-..-MEMORABLE GARDEN — This garden provided the setting for the now-famous photograph of the three World War II leaders, taken at their historic gathering in February 1945. 1 i IwUIRH: B a «— —.:>- 1 “** *lk I*•>»«“«• CL* ■■ s I H H Jlßha 1 111 1 QI JLJJL^^-— — tA J^-■ HJWuTO SITE OF YALTA CONFERENCE — This mansion built by Czar Nicholas II (191MM1) as a summer palace served as the site of the February 1945 war conference for Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin.

as it is with a population of only two million people, has been the subject of considerable English literature, much of it based on the Crimean War of 1853-1856, when Russia fought the combined forces of Great Britain, Germany, France, and Turkey and lost. It was in this fateful event that the name of a hard-working English nurse by the name of

Florence Nightengale became known. She organized nurses to work with the combat soldiers, and became something of a field solider herself. “Just another imperialistic war” our guide said. It should be said the Crimea has 28 separate and distinct nationalities. The countryside around Yalta is hilly, rocky and very beautiful this time of year, with its fall foliage and its myriad of colors resembling our own Brown County in southern Indiana in late October. Because Yalta is so far south and because of the nearby Black Sea, they have very little or no snow here. This accounts for the fact that when we made the 40 minute flight from Odessa we landed at Simferopol, a distance of 55 miles from Yalta. We made the twohour trip in a large Intourist bus. It was an absolutely magnificent two hour trip with scenes of breathtaking beauty. The journalists among us had a field day with their cameras. Along the route our city tour guide pointed out that we were going along a 65-mile trolly car line, the largest such line in the world, with the power lines overhead. A Recreational Center Yalta is not a deep sea port like Odessa, and thus has no shipping out of here. Rather, it is one of the best and most well known recreation centers in the Soviet Union. With a bare population of 85,000, what they call Greater Yalta has a population of 150,000. This figure swells enormously when the summer vacation season is in full swing. They do however, have 150 collective farms and 163 state farms in the Crimea. We pulled up in front of the

huge, 2,500-room Yalta Hotel, the third largest hotel in the USSR. Not only is it a nice hotel, with an enormous lounge and several big dining rooms, but its trappings around the grounds are well selected and well attended. But back to those rooms. They seem insufferably small, but much like those we have been staying in all over Russia. Comfortable, mind you, but small! And we’ encountered the usual elevator problems in the Yalta Hotel we did elsewhere. They were small and slow, for so many people. Someone in our group said, “Let’s send that man Otis over here. You know, that fellow who made all those elevators in America.” Our guide told us why they call this large body of water the Black Sea. He said from about 200 feet under the surface, the water contains plenty of oxygen and nitrogen to sustain aquatic life, but below that these elements do not exist and life is not possible. This gives the water a dark cast. We must take his word for this phenomena and consider it to be true. The sea is 7,000 feet deep. Russians call it the deepest, most beautiful sea in the world. One wonders how Russia can sustain these very large seaside hotels, and this is a question we posed on several occasions. The work arrangement as set up by the various workers’ unions rewards good workers, those who are in good standing with their unions and who reach . their quotas on the production lines. These are the workers who are rewarded — and rewarded (in their view) handsomely. Workers can receive 24 days of annual vacation at one of these luxury hotels for as little as 20 rubles and as much as 40 rubles — this is from $25 to SSO — per week. And this includes their room, food and all. The whole ball of wax! It’s the old carrot principal and it seems to work; otherwise, on the low pay scale of Russian workers’ these hotels would stand empty.. Big Three Conference Yalta is a Greek word meaning “shore” or “a piece of land,” and it seemed an idyllic place for the three world leaders — Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin — to meet to draw up final plans for the conclusion of the war that had caught up much of the world in a burning conflagration. Roosevelt had just won a fourth term as president, this time over new York’s ex-governor Thomas E. Dewey, and was as popular as ever on the world stage. He came by ship from America to Malta, a Mediterranean Sea island, then flew on to Yalta. Churchill, flew from England down across North Africa, apparently in full aplomb, not knowing he would soon be turned out of office in the next British general election. And Stalin, while he had quite a distance to come, it was nothing like that of the other two. It was his house that was afire, after all, and it seemed fitting and proper that Roosevelt and Churchill make the longer trip. Yalta was badly destroyed in the early years of the war, but in February of 1945, Axis troops had been routed and there was a feeling of normalcy in the Crimea. The three leaders met in the 60-room palace known as Livadia, a Greek word meaning “meadow.” The structure was built by Russian Czar Nicholas II in 1910-1911 as a summer residence. It rests high in the hills overlooking the Black Sea. Hitler had his eye on the mansion and had it staked out as his headquarters. But, in a surprise move one night, partisans sprang out of the wooded area above the Livadia and reclaimed it, routing the handful of German troops that held the mansion. The rooms were all very large, as one can imagine, with high, exquisitely decorated ceilings, much wood paneling on the walls and ceilings in a number of the rooms, paraque wood flooring, with fine grained wood sawed into intricate designs. Each room as a large fireplace, probably not used in years but very decorative nonetheless. In one of the large mirrored rooms is the very large round table where the three world leaders agreed on end-of-the-war terms they were to implement in the months and years ahead. We also saw a bare room which we were told was Roosevelt’s bedroom during his brief stay here. Several of the rooms are full of historic memorabilia marking the event of the meeting. The most widely publicized picture is that of Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin sitting in the garden outside the mansion, with their several aides standing in the background. The picture reveals conclusively that Roosevelt was a sick man at the time of the meeting. He had a dark cloak draped over his shoulders and his face looked drawn and wan. Perhaps we could credit part of this appearance to what we call today “jet lag,” if it weren’t for the fact that he died two and one-half months later. The people of Yalta honored the

American president by naming one of its main streets Roosevelt Boulevard. Fruitful (But Heated) Exchange One of the best meetings we had on our Russian trip was held with three well-informed and articulate men of letters at the Yalta Hotel. They were: Professor Edward A. Ivanian, of the Institute of U.S. and Canadian z Studies, USSR Academy of Science, Moscow; Associate Professor, Dr. Alexander Volchenko, of the Crimean Medical Institute; and Professor Yuri Duboysky, head of the. English Philology Department, Simferopol State University, Crimea. Professor Ivanian opened with a statement, following an introduction to our group by Arch, who happened to chair this meeting, and said Russia is looking forward to the November Summit Meeting with great expectations. He spoke of the detente period of the 70’s, and that now, under President Reagan, the rhetoric against the Soviet Union has been stepped up. He cited how American newspapers and periodicals print cartoons of Soviet leaders that are not complimentary. “We never do that,” he said. He then went on to say he understands that, for he has been in America a long time, even has a best-seller on the American bookshelves. One of our party asked him to characterize our president but he would not; rather referring us to his book, which does. Dr. Dubovsky addressed the subject of education, and told how they were teaching English, German, French and Spanish in their schools. “Many people in Russia speak English,” he said. All three of our hosts spoke fluent English and there was little lost in our meeting due to poor communications. He allowed that all teachers must take a two-month computer course as part of their studies. A wide range of issues was discussed, including the curb on alcoholism and the 32-year-old Soviet diplomat killed in Beirut recently. When the subject of verification of weapons came up, Prof. Ivanian said no more verification is needed. He said you now have planes with sophisticated equipment that observers can read a newspaper headline on the ground from many thousands of feet in the air. He recalled the Gary Powers U-2 spy plane shot down over Russia in 1960 and President Eisenhower’s first denying the existence of such a plane, then finally apologizing for it. They said Russia wants out of Afghanistan, and wants to put an end to chemical weapons production. They said the Russian and American people don’t want war, but that there is a lot of apprehension in Russia due to the recent rhetoric of American leaders. The dialogue took on a much less cordial atmosphere when the subject of the Korean commercial 747 jet 007 was brought up. The plane, loaded with some 360 passengers, a number of them Americans, was shot down over Russian territory north of Japan, and there were no survivors. Prof. Ivanian said the plane was tracked for six hours by Russian fighters, had its curtains down, and would not leave Russian territory. While he didn’t say so, there was heavy implications that the Korean plane had surveillance equipment aboard. Russia was condemned by the American government and by many other governments of the world for this act, and it stings them to have to keep explaining it away. What began as an AlfonzGaston meeting between our American journalists and the three Russians, became much more testy as each side sought to justify its country’s position on an number of points. The Korean jetliner incident discussions seemed to threaten to cause the meeting to become unglued. But it didn’t, and the meeting ended cordially, with both sides agreeing none of us want war and

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would work to prevent it. Russian Banquet Professors Volchenko and Dubovsky were our guests at dinner the same evening. An excellent meal was punctuated with a number of vodka toasts by both sides to “peace and understanding” between the Russians and America. Listen to this menu: It began

"CRUZIN AROUND 'CUSE"

(Continued from page 4) Grammatically rusty, perhaps, but loaded with significance. The service club is in the process of raising funds, food and toys for needy families and children. Ron Hibschman and Don Denny have been spearheading this year’s effort. Hibschman said contributions can be given at the State Bank of Syracuse and its branches or at Hibschman Motors, at 731 South Huntington Street. The club raises somewhere between $5,000 and SIO,OOO in funds each Christmas, with which it buys food and pays some fuel bills. The club’s news release reads: “Christmas is a time touched by stardust, wrapped in love and vibrant with the need to share joy with others. You can share your joy with others this Christmas season by adding one underprivileged child to your Christmas shopping list. When you are buying toys for your friends and loved ones, simply purchase an extra one for a needy youth in the community.”

Court news

Superior Court The following complaints have been filed in Kosciusko Superior Court, Judge Robert Burner presiding: Complaint On Notes State Bank of Syracuse has filed complaints against the following individuals for past due promissory notes: Kirk P. Hughes, r 1 box 5, Syracuse, $3,809.14; Michael Eugene Pettit and Ellen Kay Pettit, Topeka, $3,714.21; John L. Netherton and Vy E. Netherton, r 2 box 33, Ligonier, $2,912.72; Rae Grimes and Virginia Schlabach, also known as Virginia Mansfield, r 4 box 38CB, Syracuse, $14,732.60. County Court The following persons have been assessed fines and have paid those fines in Kosciusko County Court, Judge James Jarrette presiding: Speeding — Terrie L. Johnson, 24. Milford, SSO Risse named to state board The Indiana Chamber of Commerce re-elected Chairman John A. Hillenbrand II and other officers to a second one-year term and named 16 new directors to the board, Friday, Dec. 6. Also re-elected were 25 members of the board. Dr. Klaus Heinz Risse, chairman of Miles Laboratories, Inc., Elkhart, was among the 16 new directors named to the board. More than 1,000 attended the luncheon in the “500” Ballroom. They heard Indiana’s senior senator, Richard G. Lugar, deliver an address on foreign and domestic affairs. Indiana Chamber members attending the annual meeting saw and heard a multi-media report on the organization’s activities during 1985. Staff members made presentations on some of the legislative issues that business will face in 1986. Also a meeting of the Chamber’s Indiana Small Business Council and a conference to acquaint local chamber of commerce volunteer workers from around the state with legislative, political, and economic development issues.

Wed., December 11,1985 — THE MAIL-JOURNAL

with Pepsi-Cola, mineral water, white wine and vodka, three breads with a meat (hamburger) mixture in one, red and black caviar, slivered chicken liver with onions, cucumbers, chives and garlic, kavass (a national drink), honey and fermented bread, (zando) deep fried pqrch, a crock of potatoes with meat, carrots, garlic, onion, and

CLIFFORD AND Patricia Cripe of Melbourne, Fla., had an opportunity to visit many Syracuse friends when they were in town to attend the funeral of Mrs. Cripe’s mother, 110 Pauline Treadway, on Friday. Cliff and his brother Keith were Syracuse businessmen and builders, having built one of the buildings which is now headquarters for the American Legion. Also here for the funeral were Joan and Robert Treadway of Gilroy, Calif., and Sharon and William Myers and Matt and Mary Kay of Indianapolis, and another son Mike, on the staff at Purdue U. SEEMS LIKE area ice fishermen just cannot wait for the ice to freeze'over sufficiently for them to go into their act. With ice only a couple inches thick, fishermen are already braving the elements. One, with tongue in cheek, pushed a canoe onto the channel ice and jumped in. If the ice gives way, at least this fellow will end up in his canoe in the water.

Disregarding stop sign — Steven J. Pfefferkotn, 25, Leesburg, SSO False registration — Michael A. Schuh, 22, Leesburg, SSO Unsafe start — Dale L. Suver, 34? Syracuse, SSO Illegal consumption — Ridgley Ritter, Jr., Syracuse, $236, 60 days KCJ suspended, one year probation, 3 days KCJ; Donald E. Kauffman, 19, Syracuse, SB6 Operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated — Dean M. Wilson, 27, Leesburg, $328, license suspended 90 days, 6 days KCJ with good time credit; Patrick Andrew Meloy, 22, Syracuse, $328, license restricted 180 days, 6 days KCJ with good time credit; Samuel Bernard Tillett, 47, Leesburg, $307, license probation 180 days, 6 days KCJ with good time credit

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parsley, Palmare dumplings with meat similar to ravioli, ice cream with chocolate chip, topped off tear and tears of roses made with tears of rose petals and honey. All this was to the accompaniment of several vodka toasts to peace, friendship and understanding. The sumptuous dinner was in one of the Yalta Hotel’s lavish dining rooms.

Marriage Dissolutions The following couples have filed for marriage dissolutions in Kosciusko Superior and Circuit Courts: Ralston — Beth A. Ralston, r 5 box 162, Syracuse, and Richard K. Ralston, r 1 box 55, Claypool. The couple was married Sept. 1, 1984, and separated Oct. 29,1985. There are no minor children. Auer — Killie Auer, 724 E. Baltimore, Syracuse, and Jay A. Auer, r 5 Syracuse. The couple was married Aug. 31, 1985, and separated Oct. 1, 1985. There are no minor children. Anderson — Berger A. Anderson, Syracuse, and Janet K. Anderson, Syracuse. The couple was married Sept. 16, 1967, and separated Oct. 20,1985. There are three minor children;

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