The Mail-Journal, Volume 17, Number 41, Milford, Kosciusko County, 29 October 1980 — Page 10

THE MAIL-JOURNAL —Wed., October 29,1980

10

CAR CARE • CAR CARE • CAR CARE

Small cars stop better on ice but drag starting up, tests say

The trend to smaller cars may be a mixed blessing tor driving on snow and ice. according to Ross G. Wilcox, a spokesman for the National Safety Council’s Committee on Winter Driving Hazards. Citing winter tests conducted by the council at Stevens Point. Wis.. Wilcox said that the smaller cars have an advantage when it comes to stopping on ice. but they are at somewhat of a disadvantage for starting traction. “A subcompact car is likely to require a shorter distance in a panic stop on ice than a compact car. which in turn is likely to require a shorter distance than a standard car."' he said. “On the other hand, the tests disclosed the smaller, lighter cars develop less breakaway traction on ice than standardsized cars. For this reason, lighter cars have notable difficulty getting started on a slippery surface such as a highly polished glare ice intersection." Once breakaway has occurred. however, and the wheels are spinning, the tests showed little difference in the traction capabilities of the three sizes of vehicles, he said. Wilcox added that these performance comparisons are based on conventional reardrive cars; future tests may provide comparable data relating to the increasingly popular front-drive vehicles. Since 1939. NSC’s Committee on Winter Driving Hazards has conducted tests on ice and snow-covered surfaces to evaluate various equipment, design features and accessories for motor vehicles, as well as various driving techniques. Testing traction aids is one of

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Fifth wheel on National Safety Council’s Wisconsin test vehicle figured in developing calculations for winter stopping, starting up times for small cars. Council concluded that while small cars generally stop faster than standard-sized vehicles on ice. they develop less breakaway traction so they take longer to get

rolling. the key elements of NSC’s evaulation program Skid tests conducted by the committee have disclosed these stopping ability comparisons: • Radial tires offer no advantage over regular tires when driving on ice; the traction performance of radial tires in snow varies widely and is dependent on the tread configuration For example, a snow tread will perform as a snow tire, a regular tread will perform as a regular highway tire. • Conventional snow tires without studs offer no advantage over regular tires in stopping on ice; in fact here they are slightly inferior to regular tires. • Studded snow tires on the rear wheels reduce braking distance on ice by 19 percent as compared with regular tires. • Reinforced tire chains on the rear wheels reduce braking distance on ice by 50 percent as compared with regularlires.

The committee limits its testing to devices commercially available to the public. To iricrease public knowledge of winter hazards and how to overcome them, the findings of each year's tests are published in the council's winter driving public information and periodicals. Founded in 1913. the National Safety Council is chartered by the U .S. Congress as a non-governmental, not-for-profit voluntary public service organization of individual and corporate members dedicated to preventing accidents and occupational illnesses.

Save wear on your car, borrow someone vise's

Here's a happy way to save wear and tear on the family car: Borrow someone else's for that long vacation. You'll pick up the vehicle at any of the auto driveaway companies conveniently located in major centers throughout the U.S. —and all you’ll pay for is the gas. What's more, you’ll have few—if any—mechanical problems on the way. Many of the cars, in fact, are brand new—being shipped to salesmen whose companies have leased them for their use. Or they’ll be executives’ cars —in this case rarely more than three years old —whose owners have flown ahead to new job assignments. Sound like fun? First check the telephone classified pages under Automobile Transporters and Driveaway Companies. At the driveaway company, there's a form or two to be filled out that probes how reliable and competent you are. Usually nothing to it. Then they'll want your fingerprints and photograph and—oh yes—a $ 100 deposit. You’ll get that back when you deliver the car.

EVER WNCCR Wf'tOJß C&ISSOSLjOOSPW - IN COLD WEATHER 7 ONE / W REASON IS WWUR battery shows — l ./ WE*£RASIM£ ■■tT* THERMOMETER DHCPS — FULL POWER AT 80’ at FREEZING AND ONLY 40% A BATTERY CHECK-IPISIHE BEST WACTO BE OEPTAtN J YftJR BATTERY IS FULY , X charged. amw that's CHANCES Os GETTING STARTED J - ■> AM) FWR CAR NEEDS a V// 7/ TM-UPYO/RE REALLY ASKING \ //. FOR SWUNG TROUBLE THE CAR \ a 1/4 --B/ t. A WORN BATTERY AND HA4N 6 ENGINE TUNED BEFORE < THE COLD WEATHER SETS IN. eaa-l Easy with that frozen battery

If you have a dead battery and are attempting to give it a jump-start in temperatures below 15°. use extra care. According to Car Care Council. the danger of an explosion

Now you’re on your way—with the first tankful of gas usually “on the house. “ Frequently, you'll find you’ll be able to extend your trip cycle by picking up a second, third or fourth car at delivery points. Generally, there’s no shortage of cars w aiting to be transported in your direction. Sightseeing on the way? No problem. Usually, the driveaway companies set destination deadlines on a predetermined schedule that keeps the daily travel distance at 400 miles. Even at today’s freeway speeds, it should be a snap — one of the main reasons why more than 40,000 people a year now choose this easy, inexpensive way to see the USA—many of them from abroad

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from sparks near the vent holes is much greater when the battery is frozen. The Council says one should neither charge nor jump-start a frozen battery. Instead, it should be removed and taken inside to defrost before it is put back into service. Further cautions regarding the use of a charger: 1. Charge only in a wellventilated area. 2. Protect your eyes when making connections, keep sparks and flames away from the battery, which emits explosive hydrogen gas. Wear safety goggles. 3. Be sure the electrolyte is up to the proper level. 4. Keep a damp cloth over the vent caps. 5. Be sure the charger sw itch is in the off position and that the charger is unplugged before connecting or disconnecting it. 6. Make the positive connection first. Be sure the negative connection is to a good ground away from the battery if the charger is being connected with the battery in the car. Trans fluid sniff test beneficial Keeping a close check on transmission fluid is an essential part of car care. Not only is the level of transmission fluid especially critical, but also its condition which can be a clue to possible mechanical trouble. A transmission specialist can determine w hcthcr or not an automatic transmission has been overheating by the appearance and odor of the fluid. When fluid has been excessively hot it may have a burned odor and be brown rather than red in color. What causes the transmission to overheat? Abuse, says Car Care Council —typically, improperly “rocking” the car out of the snow or mud. It also can be the result of operating under severe load, such as w ith trailer towing in hilly areas, without having added a transmission cooler. When in doubt about the condition of your car's transmission fluid, replace the fluid and the filter. It's good insurance.

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Auto check could save $1 an hour Are you buying more gas than you need to? You very well may be. Many motorists may be wasting as much as a dollar an hour in gas because they are neglecting their cars. The majority of cars in both self-service and full service stations are not being cheeked as often as they should be. Surveys have shown that some parts which are critical to fuel economy, such as spark plugs and air filters, are in substandard condition One of three filters in a recent check was found to be dirty. A car that needs a tune-up. spark plugs and an air filter could be drinking up gas at an estimated 20 percent above normal. For the owner of a big car using premium fuel at highway speeds, this adds up to a dollar's worth of gas an hour going out the tail pipe. Checking and replacing the air filter is one of the easiest things a motorist can do. It sits conveniently on top of the engine. usually secured in its housing and with a single wing nut. Most air filters are made of a pleated paper which traps the airborne abrasive materials out of the air before they can enter the carburetor. I'he filter should be cheeked every six months. Although most car makers recommend replacement at 24.000 to 30.000 miles, or more often under dusty conditions. many owners routinely change the air filter as an annual maintenance habit to ensure maximum fuel economy.

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