Terre Haute Weekly Gazette, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 19 May 1887 — Page 9

GARFIELD'S STATUE.

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OF THE FIGURES WHICK ORNAMENT THE MONUMENT.

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Sculptor Ward Thinks the Garfield Statue 1b His Best Production A Inscription of the Work—Unlike Other

Washington Monuments. Mr. J. Q. A. Ward, the sculptor, says he regards his statue of Garfield his masterpiece. No work has ever been so much a labor of love for him. Being an Ohioan and a warm friend of the late president, Mr. Ward has naturally had incentives in his last work of art which have been wanting in other of his creations. Ward lived in 18-59 and 1861 in Washington and devoted himself to portrait sculpture. It seems a great change

THE STUDENT.

to think of Washington then and nou* There was almost no chance for an artist or sculptor then. The city was as little like itself now as can be imagined. Filthy streets, barren park spaces, dingy public buildings, a half finnished Capitol, and no fit place for a satue even if Michael Angelo had come fresh from the Inferno to make one. About the only statues to be seen were tho bronze Jefferson in front of the White House, Clark Mills' equestrian Jackson in Lafayette square and Greenough's Washington, which was then squat on the ground under a rough shed east of the OapitoL Now, there are so many statues and monuments in Washington that it took a year to find the site for Ward's Garfield, and the friends of Gen. Logan and Geif Grant wonder where statues of these generals are to stand.

The statue of Garfield is unlike any other in Washington, having three heroic bronze figuroe on the pedestal, intended as allegorical representations of the most important periods in Garfield's life. Thus it is not merely a portrait as the statues of other presidents, but

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its composite character tells the story of American life—how the boy who was brought •up on a farm enriched his mind with knowledge, when war came fought well^ and in mature life gave counsel to the nation as a statesman.

Those who have seen tue brdt&e allegorical figures on the Garfield statue look upOn them as the best features of the work. The portrait of the dead president is excellent, and the sculptor has put a great deal of energy into the pose. But the majority of people prefer allegories to portraits, and for this reason far more study will be given to the pedestal than to the statue. First in sequence and occupying the foreground of the statue is the figure of youth. It represents a young man half nude, clad in a sheepskin, reclining

THE SOLDIER.

an one arm and studying intently the broad page of a book. The face is a good portrait of Garfield as he looked when 18 or 20. There is a great deal of boldness in the way Mr. Ward has treated his subject. Gen. Sheridan said when he saw the photographs from which the accompanying sketches were made: "The Society for the Prevention of Vice may object to the student's unclad legs." But there is soberness and dignity in the figure and it is a very pleasing work. Historically, the youth is neither Roman nor Greek. A random guess would make him out to be Anglo Saxon. But this would not be correct Mr. Ward has gone further and presented a study of a Welsh youth of the time of the Conquest. Garfield alyays dwelt with fondness on his Cambrian •••vjjtry and took pride in it.

THE STATESMAN

'The ngurb or tne suiuier, swuna tbe series, is perhaps the best of the trio. It picture! a half savage warrior aroused from rest by the sudden sound of the approaching enemy. The figure is that of a stalwart man in early prime, clad in skins laced down to legs and body by inter crossing thongs. On his bead is a rude helmet beneath him a shield.. One leg is crossed over the other

ici-iuttjiuiiy. tue nettd is raiscu nigh and the •attitude is that of listening and planning a method of resistance. Here, also, Mr. Ward '"lias made use of Cambrian models of dj'ess and mold of physiognomy. There is great strength in the soldier, and the manly beauty of the face is something to command enthusiastic praise,

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The statesman is a majestic, well poised figure. The face resembles Secretary Bayard. The position is different from either of the others. Repose, and not action, is the aim in this figure, and the result is well attained. The statesman sits, looking directly in front, holding in one hand a tablet, the other poised as if in a gesture of explanation. The form is draped artistically hi the toga, or an equivalent robe. It is certainly a fine composition, nrnl rounds out excellently the three ideas intended to lie expressed by the pedestal figures. The lower bronzes are eight feet in length, while the statue of Garfield is ten feet six inches. They rest on buttresses standing out from the low cylindrical shaft of Qulncy granite wbieh forms the pedestal.*

HISTORIC VALLEY FORGE.

It Is to Be Improved and Made Beautiful. Valley Forgo! The name suggests Washington and those days wlii«:h "tried men's souls." The young and old know that Washington prayed at Valley Forge, for art has preserved a record of it in a picture with which every American over five years of age is familiar. It is altogether probable, however, that there are plenty of grown men and women who do not even know what state contains Valley Forge. Well, it is in Pennsylvania, about twenty miles from Philadelphia, near the Schuylkill river. When Washington's army marched there from the encampment at Whitemarsli, a historian' says, "its paths might have been traced in the snow by blood from the lacerated feet of barefooted soldiers."

There is now a prospect that Washington's celebrated headquarters at Valley Forge will be made as beautiful a Mecca as are his headquarters at Morristown, N. J. The ground is owned by the Centennial and Memorial association, which has received from the state $5,000 recently for' the purpose of beautifying and preserving the place. Nearly 5,000 stockholders have an interest in this historic spot. They will hold an annual meeting on the ISth of June, at which the patriotic order known as the Sons of America will also give a grand celebration at Valley Forge.

The hardships of Washington's army while at Valley Forge make a theme over which the historian who has a spark of sentiment in him grows poetic. Comfort was a condition entirely unknown to the brave men who there suffered from more insidious foes than the enemy.

At the beginning of the encampment the army numbered 11,000 men, with 2,900 unfit for duty. For about four months they had marched and countermarched and fought to baffle tho designs of a powerful enemy, who then numbered 19,000 and were in comfortable quarters in Philadelphia* only twenty ihilesaway. "To the dreary hollow scooped out from the hills," says Mr. Lossiug, "the soldiers had come with Jtattered garments and naked, bleeding feet to war with cold, disease and famine, foes more implacable than armed Britons. Toryism was rife in the vicinity, and provisions could not be procured without resort to force, which Washington reluctantly used from time to time.

But few horses were in camp, because forage was scarce."

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VALLEY FORGE.

In a letter to Governor Clinton Washington wrote: "For some days past there has been little loss than a famine in the camp. Apart of the army has been a week without any kind of flesh, and the rest three or four days. Naked and starving as they are, we cannot enough admire the incomparable patience and fidelity of the soldiery, that they have not been ere this excited by their sufferings to a general mutiny and desertion."

One of the army surgeons wrote: "It was with great difficulty that men enough could be found in a condition fit to discharge the military camp duties from day to day, and for this purpose those who were naked borrowed of those who had clothes. When a miserable wretch was seen flitting from one hut to another, his nakedness was only covered with a dirty blanket."

Many fell sick many died. Washington's apartments consisted of two rooms one was used for business, and one for a sleeping apartment for him and his wife. The rest of the house was occupied by Mr. Potts and his family. At last an addition was built—a log cabin—which was used for a dining room. Mrs. Washington, in a letter, thus described tho house: "The apartment for business is only about sixteen feet square and has a large fire place. Tho house is built of stone. The walls are very thick, and below a deep feast •window, out of which the general can look upon the encampment, he had a box made, which appears as apart of the casement, with a blind trap door at top, in which he keeps his valuable papers." This window depository was still in the house in 1848.

It was the privations endured there by the soldiers, and the patience of their perplexed commander, whioh has made Valley Forge 90 dear to the hearts of American patriots.

A Case of Moon Blindness A young Irishman of Montreal it moon blind and dares not stir out alone in the evening. A few years ago, having met with a sad domestic loss, he tried, like Dana, "two years before the mast." One night he curled himself up on the main hatch, in the full glare of a tropical moon, and slept. Next night he began tumbling over everything on deck, and could not see. the ropes. The captain said he was shamming and set a trap for him, which nearly broke his neck. He has been moon blind, or twilight blind, ever since. Ouly oil® other case of the kind has ever been known by the most experienced physician at St Thomas' hospital, London.'—Boston Herald.

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TERRE HAUTE, INDIANA, THURSDAY, MA.Y 19,1887.—TWO PARTS —PART SECOND.

SUNDAY SCHOOL ERA.

A Monument Proposed to the Amerlc«.^i Founder. Brooklyn, N. Y., modestly claims to be tDe patient city of Sunday schools in the United States—that is,- the first American community to take kindly to the plan of Robert Raikes and a movement is now afoot to commemorate the fact by the erection of- a monument to Robert Snow, who established the first Sunday school in Brooklyn, and may therefore be considered the founder of the system in America. It is a fact that comes with'surprise to many people now, that the Sunday school was not at first a favored institution among Christians. Indeed, many entire congregations, and individuals in other congregations, looked upon it as a doubtful innovation and when Father Snow, as he was usually called, proposed to inaugurate the English system of Robert Raikes here, he was peremptorily refused the use of one or two churches and not very warmly welcomed in others. The record and the memory of the old people indicate that the word "school? had something to do with this opposition and as soon as people found what it really was they accepted it as an aid to the church.

144 AND 146 ADA11S STREET, BROOKLYN. Building in which first Sunday school in Brooklyn was held.

Robert Snow, who organized the Sands Street Methodist school,Brooklyn, was an Irish American, as we now call our fellow citizens whose blbod is Irish and birth American he loved all children, yet had none of his own. The old Brooklynites describe him as a gentleman of tho old school, meaning that ho still wore the costume and maintained the manners of colonial times. He wore kneebreeches and shoes with buckles, and carried a green umbrella equally on St Swithin's day and in the longest midsummer drought So say the old Brooklynites but, be that as it may, this fact remains to his honor, that he organized the first Sunday school in Brooklyn, and therefore the first in the United States and that his first sessions of this school were held in a building that is now 144 and 146 Adams street, Brooklyn, a building still standing and in fair condition, as shown by -our engraving. There is no question whatever as to the place in which the first Sunday school was held there is, however, some as to the date. One author* ity says March 2, another April 16, 1816 and as both agree as to the year and very nearly as to the time, the discrepancy is easily accounted for by allowing for the time required for a new system to grow. Some of the associates of Father Snow still live in Brooklyn. Among them is A. D. Matthews, who wrote a full account of the early history of Brooklyn Sunday schools, which was read before the Society of Old Brooklynites early in April, and aroused such an enthusiasm that a movement was at once organized to erect a monument to Father Snow.

Tho proposition took this shape: There ore in Brooklyn 85,000 Sunday school scholars a contribution amounting to ten cents from each will pay for a monument. This plan was presented to the finance ctommittee of the

PROPOSED MONUMENT TO FATHER SNOW. Brooklyn Sunday School union, and they assisted in organizing the monument association, of which John W. Wiggins is president and Edgar Forman secretary. The design of the monument,as seen in our engraving, is by Mr. Henry Baerer. who furnished the design fOr the monument of John Howard Payne in Prospect park. In our presentation of the building in which the first American Sunday school was held and of the proposed monument the reader may see in epitome the rise and progress of the Sunday school systeyi in America. It is wonderful—really wonderful. We are so accustomed to it, and it is so much a matter of course with men and women of this age, that we find it hard to realize that there are still living in Brooklyn men and women who helped organize the first Sunday school in America.

Hits YTolfe'g Hindneu.

It would be of interest to know how many young women Miss Catherine Wolfe assisted through Vassar, and how many of her beneficiaries were as ignorant of the source of their help as a girl student whom the writer ran across the other day. A petite little senior just home for her Easter vacation, she only learned on the day of Miss Wolfe's funeral how it came about that her aunt had mysteriously been able to give her a college education and meet the constantly recurring tuition bills.—2?ow York Mail and Express.

HOODS IN MAJJili

A

VIEWS OF NEW ENGLAND VILLAGES UNDER THE WATER.

Boating Through tho Streets of S»co. Fairfield Flooded and Millions of SAW Iiogs are WfUhfed Away to the

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The long cold winter and late spring, followed by sudden warmth and rapid thaw,

A LOO BOOM.

have produced their usual effects the melting snow was followed by heavy rains, and in many northern localities there are immense floods. A few weeks ago the Missouri river in Dakota was the cause of destniction in the last days of April and first of May, Maine has been the scene of floods unparalleled since 1833—the year of big floods. Tho streams fed by the melting snow of the upper country were swollen by nearly forty-eight hours of incessant rain in the southern section and at Bangor, Augusta, Lewiston, Fairfield, Portland and several other places great damage has been done. Our engravings show the scenes at the log boom and about the pulp mill at Fairfield and at Saco. Perhaps the most sublime scene of destruction was at Augusta, where the citizens saw in one day more than 2,000,000 logs go by on their way to the sea. Each successive dam or boom that broke furnished a greater volume of water or

SAW MILLS AT FAIRFIELD.

greater weight of logs to break booms and dams below it The custom of the loggers is to float the logs down the smaller streams from the logging c^mps, catch them in the larger streams at various points, where they are held by booms across tho streams, and as the winter's Work in the woods 'has but lately ended,- the supply of logs in the booms was at its greatest just when the flood came. At

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5,000,000 logs will go out

to sea from the Kcnnebec alone.

IRVING STREET, SACO.

lit Augusta a dark colored flood poured over the big dam, rising twenty feet above it, and carrying logs, barns, broken houses and miscellaneous stuff toward the sea. At Bangor also the water was twenty feet deep over the dam. At Fairfield dam and booms were swept away. At Waterville 2,000,000 logs of the Somerset mills were lost In Vermont and New Hampshire minor floods are reported. At Bellows Falls, Vt, Clifford Carey was drowned. At Peterboro, N. H., a waterspout burst on the 30th of April, the whole volume of water striking on an adjacent hill and sweeping with destructive force through the town. Rocks weighing two tons were swept into the town and left in the streets. It is surprising .that no lives were lost Reminiscences of big floods in the past recall 1832 as the year of the highest water, especially on the Ohio and other western rivers: but at Cincinnati and a few other places the floods of 18S3 rose as high. When the pioneers settled at Marietta, O., an old Indian warned them not to build on a certain low tract, and pointing out a sycamore tree which seemed above high water mark, he told them that in his boyhood he had paddled a canoe through the forks of that tree. For fifty years this tradition was preserved, till experience led the citizens to discredit it but in 1832 the water once more rose to the old Indian's mark—probably a hundred years after his

WATER STREET, SACO.

canoeing exploit Fifty-one years sirtpr, to wit, in 18S3, the water again attained to about the same height (the tree no longer there), so it is hoped there will be exemption from such floods till 1932-'33.

In front of a grocery store in Bleecker street, New York city, is a sign on a basket of eggs which reads as follows: '~F eggs guaranteed, Every egg dated."

Little drops of margins, Little deals in wheat, •ura the man of money

Into a dead heat —Hefdicat TraveJfSP.

THE TROUSERS MERCHANT,

As He Appears When in Active Business. Vesey street from Broadway to the other .side of Washington market in New York city is a favorite thoroughfare for street merchants, men and women. Every day some have their wares displayed but on Saturday a small army of them take possession of the sidewalk. They are not aggressive traders. They do not attempt to make the innocent pedestrian buy on compulsion. The silent appeal suits them best Indeed, they are compelled to abstain from regularly attacking the people who pass by.

Their wares are not of a character to tempt persons of fine taste. Old clothes, tawdry brie a brae, feather dusters, ready made solder for the use of the careful housekeeper, flowers, spoiled fruit, and other truck scorned by the rich nnd comfortable, are the goods they offer. They have one enemy—one for whom they are always secretly watching. He is the spotter for the board which attends to removing obstructions from the sidewalk. In tbeejratof the law they are obstructionists Vmt so long as the buildings where they pitch their stands make no complaints they remain unmolested.

When a suspected ."spotter" turns his eyes

upon therrfthey put a look of complete abstraction on their weather worn faces, and do their best to shrink into nothingness. If they could they would dissolve their stands and wares into thin air until ho vanished, and the* materialize them. Sometimes the "suspect" is an artist with no more dangerous intention than to represent them truthfully in black and white. But he wears eye glasses, and that, to tliem, gives him an official look. If he tries to talk with them they instantly become laconic, almost dumb.

The old man who deals in trousers is a landmark. Every Saturday since the world was he has had his board over a barrel loaded with trousers and overalls, of a character to suit the pockets of the impoverished and the. tastes of the unfastidious. Trousers on his shelf range from $1 to $2 a pair and sell well at those ruinous figures. His own board' has suffered at the hands of the board of street obstructions. Formerly it stretched out nearly ten feet and had two barrels for its base. Now it is a mere table, resting humbly and unostentatiously on a single barrel, and apologizing mutely for its insignificant existence in a world where grandeur is so worshiped.

The trousers merchant has memories. He could go into reminiscence and tell you about

THE TROUSERS MERCHANT.

the changes in New York within the last two or three decades, and interest you more than one of Rider Haggard's novels. He is his own directory. The city has grown up around him iuto something so mighty-that he no longer pretends to keep up with it Progression, as it is demonstrated in the growth of the city, dazes him. The past is a dream to which he returns in thought and speech again and again.

But trade must go on and so the style of the trousers on his shelf must keep in sight of the procession at least. He sighs sometimes, as he thinks of the trousers of other days that he sold. And yet, when he reflects a moment, the increased population means money in his pocket. Financially the present is better for liim than the old. If you tell him so, he brings you up standing by reminding yon of what you may have forgotten— that $1 "went farther then than four does now." Against this powerful rock of argument you can bring no battering rams and so you go your way, leaving him to his occasional customers of the present and his reminiscent thoughts of the past.

HER MAJESTY'S MILITARY CHVtF.

Field Marshal George, Dnke of Cambridge, Commander of the English Army. Field Marshals have been brought to the front recently in magazines and newspapers, on account of European war talk. When ever a rumor of war gets afloat, military officers have their day at interesting the populace. In times of peace they fall rather below their, rightful place in popular estimation but when the drams beat to arms they uro looked upon as holding the country in the hollow of their hai\ds.

We haVe had biographies of Germany's field marshal, and" of France's and even "of the Sultan's, but until recently nobody, has thought to inquire what sort of a creature filled this honorable office in her majesty's kingdom. Here he is, Field Marshal

George, duke of Cambridge, commander of the English army, and a fear inspiring apparition is he to any enemy, however powerful.

This portrait comes from The Pall Mall Gazette, and is, of course, authentic.

This gallant sol-

GXORGE, DUKE OF CAM- (JJER JG two months BRIDGE. older than the queen, who is his first cousin. His early life was spent at Hanover, where his father acted as viceroy until 1837, and afterwards at Berlin. As a disciplinarian be is a Martin et, and his English has a decided German accent.

By the portrait one would suppose that he ran to width, rather than height. Not so. He is tall and only proportionately wide. "A finely built old man." is what tbev sav of him

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His hair and whiskers are white, his face ft a good British red, and his neck is constructed on the apoplectic plan. Good living is the legend which can be read all over him. Traces of the hardships of war are not discovered on his person. The only time he displayed his prowess on a battlefield was in the Crimea, where he was not wanting in courage, but as a leader rather got off his base.

He has a bluff, sea captainish, hearty, how* are-yotr, me boy, manner to his equals, but he can storm like a pirate at delinquent soldiery. A good cigar pleases him, so does a good dinner. Pretty and pleasant women are not disagreeable to him, neither is good nap after meals. Somebody, wholly unprejudiced of course, said of him, "He is a good kind of an honest old fellow who et times is guilty of the most pig headed obstinacy and prejudice."

Like some of our own military heroes he is also famed in love. He was a conquering hero in cupid's domain earlier in life. After many love affairs he contracted a morganatic marriage with an estimable women who is not at all known to society, by whom be has a large family. Two of his sons are in his official staff, while another has distinguished himself in the naval service.

The rubicund field marshal is one of the most popular members of the royal family. He has his faults, out he has alwavs been loyal, and nobody can say aught against him. His mother is the venerable Duchess of Cambridge, and every day the field marshal walks round to St James' palace and spends half an hour with her.

A NEW ELEVATED ROAD.

The Successful Effort to Operate a On# Track lioad. The inventive genius of railroad men is just now turned to Hie perfection of some system of elevated road which c§n be made cheap and operated safely. The advantages of an elevated road are so many, especially

TRAIN OX THE LARTIGUE RAILWAY. In the streets of a city, that the demand for & move convenient one than that now in use will force its production. We lately gave illustrations and description of the Meigs elevated railway, of which the experimeiAal linehas proved a great success at East Cambridge, Mass., and present herewith somesketches of the Lartigue railway, now in successful operation in a fevi places in Europe. A model line on the Lartigue system has beew set up at Westminster, England, and its success has excited the enthusiasm of many British engineers.

The plan of the Lartigue is exceedingly simple, and the reider will see by the engraving that the track occupies no more ground space, or but little more, than that of the Meigs. The idea was fir suggested to M. Lartigue by seeing a ti-i iu of laden camels in Algeria, the load balanced in packs on each side of the hump, hanging so that the mass of each weight was as low as the center of gravity and this general principle has been SECTION OF RAILWAY. preserved in the railway. This consists of one top rail supported by A-shaped trestles, and a grooved wheel running thereon in the middle of the car also two side rails, or rather guide lines, on which run two horizontal wheels as shown in the engraving. The A-shaped trestle is made of Btout iron fiats, which can be taken apart or put together very rapidly so that the track is practically light and portable. The trestles rest on sleepers which may be

TRANSPORTING TROOPS. flrm]y pinned to the ground by pegs driven through boles at each end, which prevent the track from shifting, Rivers and ravines may be crossed by piers, or the latter by inclines and it is claimed that across deep mountain gorges the track may be carried on wire cables, two or more parallel, to which the flat ties or other bases of the A-shaped trestles are made fast And finally, it is claimed that grades as steep as one foot in seventeen may be used for ail kinds of transportation, and somewhat steeper for tbe lighter kinds.

Thi3 novel railroad has already been put to many uses, as our sketches show in Russia it is used for tbe transport of troops and invalids, in the Pyrenees for carrying ore, and TRANSPORTING W OUNCTB at Westminster SOLDIERS. for passengers. Experimentally it has proved good for other purposes. Tbe safety of. tbe freight and passengers is secured by the balance of weights astride the center rail, the weight really below the rail and the advantages claimed are extreme simplicity and portability. 6 ground can be ELECTRIC FREIGHT TRAIN, avoided by varying the length of the trestle the motive power may be horses, steam or electricity. Whether this or the Meigs or some other plan wilj finally prevail, time and experience must deer, termine but it is reasonably certain that tb* problem of elevated single track railways luto been solved, and that iu cities at least thei$ use is to become general

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