Terre Haute Weekly Gazette, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 9 December 1886 — Page 4

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W. G. BALL, SPSTN Kit BALL.

W. C. BALL & COMPANY.

Entered at thepostojflee at Terre Haute. Ind., at tsotmd class mail matter.

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per year. Weekly, $1.00 per year 75 cents for 6 monttn or 50 cents for 4 nvmths. Now ia the time tosubscribe. «n—warnWBHB.-vtmrnmmm——*

25 South Fifth Street. West Side.

THURSDAY. DECEMBER9,1886.

PRESIDENT CLEVELAND'S MESSAGE.

Presidents' messages are becoming suoh volumuous affairs that few papers print them entire. The last one of President Cleveland makes 16,000 words or about twelve columus of the ordiunry type of the GAZETTE. This fact fcuargesfcs na improvement which the GAZETTE modestiv recommends to President Cleveland who Btudies brevity His letter accepting the Democratic nomination to the presidency, his speeches and nearly all his letters have been noted for severe brevity of style and if ft man of this kind finds it necessary to fill twelve columns, which the average daily newspaper reader absolutely refuses to wade through, in order to write the conventional message and treat all the subjects which, by a long line of precedents the President is expected to'do, tbeu there is something radically wrong with the system. Let us see wherein a change can be effected. From one-third to one-half of the entire space is filled with a circumstantial review of the business of the State Department with all foreign powers. There is evident effort to condense this. In fact it is too much condensed in President Cleveland's message to be valuable Us history and yet it is too long to be read before Congress in the usual manner. Why not have this review prepared by the Secretary of State and printed in pamphlet form just as ore the reports of tho War, Agricultural and other Departments? The President might incorporate recommendations there, but certaiuly the business of the Department is now too vastly extended to expect that every complication, however trifling, and every treaty, however unimportant, bt the Bubjeot of a paragraph or two bv the President in an annual message, according to the usage of so many years past.

What President Cleveland flS'ys about silver coinage will be purposely misunderstood by those who know the attitude of the west on the silver question. He does not express himself as opposecj to silver coinage but to the compulsory coinage of just so many silver dollars per month. His recommendation that the tariff be amended and reduced will meet with the hearty concurrence of the great majority of Demoorats everywhere. The people are excessively taxed, far beyond litie necessities of the government economically administered. "Taxes" as Jno. G. Carlisle has most admirably expressed it, "do not create wealth they destroy it."

President Cleveland wisely opposes any sudden or sweeping changes and in this paragraph shows the wisdom of his policy.

1

It h&a been the poliov of the government to oolloct tho principal part of its revenues a tax upon imports, and no change in this policy is desirable. But the present condition of affairs constrains our people to demand tlrnt by a revision of revenue laws the receipts of the government shall be reduced to the neoessary expenso of its economical administration, and this demand should be

With his recommendations for international copyright all who do not wish to rob our authors by tho reesale of their works abroad, will cheerfully agree. On the other hand agreement will not be so general that "the discriminating duty against the introduction of the works of their brother artists (brothers in profession of our artists studying abroad) in other countries" should bo abolished. The system of raising the revenues from a taxation of luxerries, instead of necessities, is a wise one and we should be exceedingly cautious about departing from it.

The President's adherence to civil service reform is no whit abated. It is so unpopular with all politicians of both parties that the labor of inaugurating the reform must be attended with great difficulty and results brought about gradually.

fore the days of Dr. Bull's oough a person troubled with a oough fttys consulted his physician. Now it 'no longer necessary.

GOUKT ECHOES* ..... From Friday's dallyCniCUIT COUBT. Patrick Hines returned yesterday from the Plainfield Reform School. He called on Judge Mack and Prosecutor Henry at the Circuit Court this morning and stated that he would start to school Monday and that they would always find him a good boy.

The trial of Julia B. Hosford for drawing a revolver on her boy is set for Monday. She was brought into court Friday. The court fixed her bail at $100 and told her ho would take her without bond, as she was crood. She refused to enter bail and said she wanted a free dinner at the jail. She said 6he was not guilty of the charge against her and as she had paid taxes a good while to feed others in jail 6be preferred to go there for the present. The jury baviDg been discharged till Monday, the case would bo tried on that day. She avers her iiiooceuce and nays she will be able to prove it. from Saturday'!* Daily.

MARRIAGE LICENSES.

/NEW SUITS—CIRC PIT COURT.

14,552—Lucy and Darnel Montgomery' vs Mary J. Black et al, partition. E. W. £!nck 14,503-Albert Drake et al vs O P. Stark et al attachment. John C. Briggs.

NEW SUITS—SUPERIOR COURT.

2,155—Josiah T. Scoville vs Wm. A. McFarland, on note. W. W. Ramsey.

ADMITISTRATOR.

Lewis J. Cox and Robert S. Cox have been appointed administrators of the estate of the late Robert S. Cox. Bond, $35,000, with Josephus Collett, Firman Nippert and Herman Hnlman as secureties.

CIRCUIT COUBT.

Elastus Knowles, alias Peterson, pleaded guilty to horse-stealing and was given three years by Judge Mack.

Wm. Needham, an old offender, who was brought here on the 28th of last August from Tuscola, 111., by Sergeant Dwyer on a requisition on the Governor of Illinois, was arraigned today on a charge of stealing a stove from Dean Clark, of 306 Main street, and after jury had beeu impanelled to try the prisoner he changed his plea and pleaded guilty to the charge. Under the law a man who has been convicted of petit larceny onoe can be adjudged guilty of grand larceny on a conviotion a second time of that offense. The indictment so charged, and the court sen fenced the prisoner to two years in the penitentiary. Needham is a hard character and has given the police here much trouble. In April of this year N ham was arrested at Mattoon, 111., on a telegram from Supt. Lawlor, of this city, to hold him until the arrival of an officer from Terre Haute. Half an hour before Sergeant Dwyer arrived Needham jumped out of a seoond-story window of the police court room and got away. He was finally looated at Tuscola, HI., and after a hard chase of three miles by City Marshal Jewett was caught in a corn-field. The stove was stolen in December, 1885.

From Monday'sDaily

NEW BUTTS—SUPERIOR COUBT.

2,157—Elizabeth Williams vs James H. Williams, divorce. Eggleston. COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.

The new board organized this morning, S. S. Henderson taking the place of M. K. Lee. The board elected Mr. Dickerson chairman. The board is now Republican fpr the first time in a number of years.

CIRCUIT COURT.

Mrs. Hoeford acted as her own attorney today and was discharged. She is indignant at having been kept in jail since Friday.

From Tuesday's dally. CIRCUIT COURT.

John W. Wilson aud M. S. Durham have been appointed jury commissioners for the ensuing year.

MARRIAGE LICENSES.

recogaieod and obeyed by the people's rep- rum. reaentatives in the legislative branch of the Stephen Richenaollar and Isabel government. In readjusting the burdens of Lawreu«e. federal taxation a sound public policy requires that sucn of our citizens as have built up large and important industries under present oonditions should not be suddenly, and to their injury, deprived of advantages to which they have adapted their business: but if the publio good requires it they should be content with suoh consideration as shall deal fairly and cautiously with their int nets while the just demand of the people for relief from needless taxation is honestly answered. A reasonable and timely submission to such a demand should certainly be possible without disastrous shock to any interest and a cheerful concession sometimes arorte abrupt and heedless action, often the •utgrowth of impatience at delayed juotice.

Grant Henry aud Martha Carpenter. John P. Piker and Mary A. Mind-

Henry M. Hyde and Mollie Walden. Wilson M. Walden and Eva Morris. Tilghman A. Bryant and Josie D. Pearce.

COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.

Liquor licenses have been granted to Robert Darwell, Martin Graff, Herman Mewes and W. H. Schroeder.

NEW SUITS—SUPERIOR COURT.

2158—Anton Mayer vs Leopold Stark et al, foreclosure. Hendrich. 2159—Maggie Matheney vs Jos. L. Matheny, divorce. Danaldson. 2160—Martin R. Whelan vs James William Whelan et al, partition. Rhoads & Wiliiams. ,,

NEW SUITS—CIRCUIT COUBT.

14.563—Albert Drake and James A. Johnson, administrators estate of James Drake, vs O. P. Stark et al, attachment and garnishee. J. C. Briggs. 14.564—John H. Rolf vs Michael Kennedy et al, foreclosure. Hendrich. 14.565—John L. Higbee vs Samuel D. Annis et al, ejectment. Hays & Hays. 14.566—Lebinidia C. Haag vs Chas. Haag, divorce. J. H. Blake. 14.567—John A. Juergens vs Josiah Miller, on note. T. F. Donham.

BEAL ESTATE TRANSFERS.

Michael Conroy to Ann O'Connell, pt sec 22, Harrison tp, for $700. S. C. Richardson to R. Dahlen, in-lot 2, A. F. Smith's sub. for $1,200.

From Wednesday's dally. COUNTY OOMMIbf IONEB8.

Liquor licences have been granted to E. W. Johnson and F. F. Peker. MARRIAGE LICENCE.

Nathaniel Brink and Hulda J. Harral. Matthew Hefti and Lizzie Dinges. Louis Wessel and Louisa Eatt Chas. O. Reynolds and Lillian Lloyd. James D. Rhyan and Emma R. Allen.

.iCSt

THE GAZETTii: TttTrngH A UTE. INDIANA, THURSDAY, SCEMBillK,6,1886.

THE MESSAGE:^

Continued From First Page^x

rrrouga economies in its collection, 18 now more than ever in excess of public necessities The application of the surplus to the payment of such portion of the public debt as is now at oar option, subject to extinguishment, if continued at the rate which has lately prevailed, would retire that clasB of indebtedness within loss than one year from this date. Thus a continuation of our present revenue would soon result in the receipt of an annual income much greater than necessary to meet Government expenses, with no indebtedness upon which it could bo appUed. We should then he confronted with a vast quantity of money, the circulating medium of the people, hoarded in the Treasury, when it should be in their hands, or we should be drawn into wasteful public extravagance with all the corrupting national demoralization which follows in its train.

THE SUBPLCS.

But it is not the simple existence of this and its attendant evils which furnish the strongest argument against our present scale of federal taxation. Its worst phase is the exaction of 9iich a surplus through a perversion of the relations between the people and their Government —a dangerous departure from the rule* which limit the right of federal taxation. Good government, of which evory American citizen boasts, ban for its objects the protection o\ery person within its bordors, with the gre- te:it liberty consistent with the go I of the country, and his perf security in the enjoyment of hr t.iruings, with the least pod-ible diminut oi. Sot public needs. When more of the pooplo's sustenance ia extracted through the form of tax tion tha.u is necessary to meet the just obligations or the Government and the expmae at its economical administration, sucli action becomes ruthless extortion and a violatiou of the fundamental principles of a free Government. The indirect manner in which these exactions are made ha3 a tendency to conceal their true character and their extent. But we have arrived at a stage of superfluous revenue which has aroused the poople tj a realization of the fact that tho amount raised professedly for tho support of tho Government, is paid by them fyi absolutely, if addod to the price of the things which supply their daily wants, as if it was paid at fixed periods into the hands of the tax-gatherer. Those who toil for daily wages are beginning to understand that capital, though sometimes vaunting its importance and clamoring for the protection anf favor of the Government, is dull and sluggish till, touched by the magical hand of labor, it springs into activity, furnishing an occasion for federal taxation, aud gaining the value w"hich enables it to bear its burden, and the laboring man is thought fully inquiring whether, in these circumstances, and considering the tribute he constantly nays into the public treasury as he supplies his daily wants, he receives his fair share of advantages.

There is also a suspicion abroad that tho surplus of our revenue indicates abnormal and exceptional business profits which, under the system which produces such surplus, increase, without corresponding benefit to the people at large, the vast accumulations of a few among our citizens whose fortunes, rivaling the wealth of the most favored in antl-demo-cratic nations, are not tho natural growth of a toady, plain, and industrious republic. Our farmers, too, and those engaged directly aud indirectly in supplying the products of agriculture, see that, day by da^ and as often as the daily wants of their households recur, they are foroed to pay excessive and noedless taxation, while their products struggle in foreign markets with the competition of nations which, by allowing a freer exchange of production than wo permit, enable their people to sell for prices which distress the Amsrican farmer. As every atriotio citizen rejoices in the constantly pride of om* people in

facreasing in

American citizenship, and in the glory of our national achievemente and progress, a sentiment pravails that the leading-strings useful to a nasiou In its infancy may well, to great extent, be discarded in the present stage of American ingenuity, courage and fearless self-relianco. AJKI for the privilege of indulging this sentiment with true American enthusiasm, our citizens are quite willing to forego en Idle surplus in the publio treasury. And all the people know that the average rate of Federal taxation upon imports to-day, in time of peace, is bht little less, while upon some articles of necessary consumption it ia actually more, than was imposed by tho grievous burden wiUingly borne at iv time when the Government needed miRions to maintain by a war the safety and integrity of the United States.

BEVJSIOK OP THE REVENUE LAW. It has been tho policy of the Government to collect th9 principal port of its revenues by .i tax upon imports, and no change in this policy desirable. But the present condition of affairs constrains our people to demand that by a revision of our revenue laws tho receipts of the Government shall be reduced to the necessary expense of its economical administration, and this demand should be recognized and obeyed by the people's representatives in the legislative branch of the Government. In readjusting the burdens of Federal taxation a sound public policy requires that such of our citizens a-* navo built up large and important industries under present conditions should not be suddenly, and to their injury, deprived of advantages to which they have adapted their business but if the public good requires it, they should he content with such consideration as shaU deal fairly and cautiously with their interests, while the just demands of the poople for relief from needless taxa ion is honestly answered. A reasonable and timely submission to such a demand should certainly be possible wittioat disastrous shock to any interest, and a cheerful concession sometimes averts abrupt and heedless action, often the outgrowth of impatience and delayed justice.

THE AMERICAN LABOBKS.

Due regard should be also accorded in any proposed readjustment to the interests of American labor so far as they are involved. We oongratulate ourselves that thoro is among us no laboring class, fixed within unyielding bounds, and doomed under all conditions to the iuexorablo fdte of daily toil. We reoognize in labor a chief factor in tho wealth of the republic, and we. treat those who have it in their keeping as citizens entitled to tho most careful regard und thoughtful attention. This regard anu attontion should be awarded them, not only because labor is the capital of our workingman,' justly entitled to its share of Government favor, but for the further and not less important reason that the laboring man. Burrounded by his family in his bnmble home, is virtually interested in all that cheapens tho cost of living and enables him to bring within his domestic circle additional oomforts and advantages. This relation of tho workingman to the revenue laws of the country, and the maunor in which it palpably influences the question of wages, should not be forgotten in the justifiable prominence given to the proper maintenance of the supply and protection of well paid labor. And these considerations suggest such an arrangement of Government revenues as shall reduce the expenso of living, while it does not curtail the opportunity for work nor reduce the compensation of American labor and injuriously atfect its condition and the dignified plaoe it holds in the estimation of our people.

from the soil produce the things consumed by all are perhaps more directly and plainly concerned than any other of our citizens in a just and careful system of Federal taxation. Those actually engaged in, and more remotely connected with, this kind of work number nearly one-half of our population none labor harder or more cortinnously than thev. No enactments limit their hours of toil, arid no interposition of the Government enhances to any great extent tho value of their prodJcts and yet for many of the necessaries and oomforts of life, which the most scrupulous economy enables them to bring into their homes, and for their implements of husbandry, they are obliged to pay a price largely increased by an unnatural profit, which, by the action of the Government, is given to the more favored manufacturer. I recommend that, keeping in view all these considerations, the increasing and unnecessary surplus of national income annually accumulating be released to the people, by an amendment to our revenue laws, which shall ch apen the prise of the

During the twelve mo ithaended October 31, 1886, three per cent. bondB were called for redemption, amounting to $127,283,100, of which $80,43,200 was so called to answer the requirements of the law relating to the sinking fund, and $46,399,000 for the purpose of reducing th debt by application of a part of the surplus In the Treasury to that object. Of the bonds thus called $102,209,450 Jwcame subject, under

sucn eatia, to reuompcioa prior -to nuramoei 1, 1886. The remainder, amounting to 8250,136,450, matured under the calls after that date. In addition to the amount subject to payment and cancellation prior to November 1, there were ilso paid before that day certain of these bouds with the interest thereon, amounting to 55,0.2,330, which were anticipated as to the maturity, of which S2.6S4,850 had not been called, i'hus 3107,341,80 had been actually applied prior to the 1st of November, 1B86, to the extinguishment of our bonded and interest-beaming debt, leaving on that day stiU outstanding the sum of $1,153,443,112. Of this amount $88,848,700 was still represented by 3 per cent, bonds. They, however, have been since November 14, or will at once be, further reduced by J-2'2,603,150, being bonds which have been called, as already stated, but not Tedeemed and canceled before the latter date.

SILVER COINAOE.

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1886, there were coined under the Compulsory Silver Coinage act of 1878, 29,838,849 silver dollars, and the cost of the silver used in such coinage was $28,448,960.01. There had been coined up to the close of the,previous fiscal year under the provisions of the law 203,882,534 silver dollars, and on the 1st day of December, 18S6, the total amount of such coinage was $247,131,549.

The Director of the Mint reports that at the time of the passage of the law of 1378 directing this coinage, the intrinsic value of tho doUar thus coined was 94 cents each, and that on July 31, 1886, the price of silver reached the lowest stage ever known, so that tho intrinsic or bullion price of oar standard silver dollar at that date was 72 cents. The price of silver on November 30 last was such as to make the dollars intrinsically worth 78 oents each. These differences in the value of ths coins represent but the fluctuations in the price of silver, aud they certainly do indicate that compulsory coinage by the Government enhances the priae of that commodity or secures uniformity in its value.

COAST DEFENSES.

The srbjeet of coast defenses and fortifications had boon fully and carefully treated by the Board on Fortifications, whose report was submitted at the last session of Congress but no construction work of the kind recommended by the Board has been possible during the last year from the lack of appropriations for such purpose. The defenseless condition of our seacoast and lake frontier is perfectly palpable the examinations made must convince us all that certain of our cities named in tho report of the board Bhould be fortified, and that work on the most important of these fortifications should be commenced at once. The work has been thoroughly considered and laid out, the Secretary of War reports, but ali is delayed in default of Congressional action. The absolute necessity, judged by all standards of prudenoe and foresight, of our preparation for an effectual resistance against the armored ships and steel gnnB and mortars of modern construction,which may threaten the cities on our coasts, is so apparent that I hope effective steps will be taken in that direction immediately. The valuable and saggestivo treatment of this question by the Secretary of War is earnestly oommended to the consideration of Congress.

KDTJCATION OP INDIAN YOUTH.

There is less opposition to the education ana training of the Indian youth, as shown by the increased attendance upon tho schools, and there iB a yielding tendency for the individual holding of lands. Development and advancement in these directions are essential, and should have every encouragement. As the rising generation are taught the language of civilization, and trained in habits of industry, they should assume the duties, privileges, and responsibilities of citizenship.

LANDS IN SKVRRA.LTY.

No obstacle should hinder the location and settlement of any Indians willing to take land in severalty. On the contrary, the inclination to do so should be stimulated at all times by proper expedients but there is no authority of law for making allotments on some of the reservations, and on others the allotments provided for are PO small that the Indians, though ready and desiring to settle down, are not wiUing to accept such small areas when their re^ '•rvations contain ample lands to afford them homesteads of sufficient size to meet their present and future needs. The inequalities of existing special laws and treaties should be corrected, and some general legislation on the subject should be provided, so that tho more progressive members of the different tribes may be settled upon homesteads, and by their example teach others to follow, breaKing away from tribal customs and substituting therefor the love of home, tho interest of the family, and the rule of the State. The Indian character and nature are such that they are not easily led while brooding over unadjusted wrongs. This is specially so regarding their lands. Hatters arising from the construction and operation of railroads across some of the reservations, and olaims of title and right of occupanov set up by white persons to some of the best land within other reservations, require legislation for their final adjustment. The settlement of these matters will remove many embarrassments to progress in the work of leading the Indians to the adoption of our institutions and bringing them under the operation, the influence and the protection of the universal laws of our country. 'THE PUBLIC DOMAIN.

The recommendations of the Secretary of the Interior and the Commissioner of the General Land Office, looking to the better protection of public lands and of the public surveys, the preservation of national forests, tho adjudicati of grants to States and corporations, and of private land claims, and the increased efficiency of the public lands service, are commended to the attention of Congress. To secure the widest distribution of public lands in limited quantities among settlers of residence and cultivation, and thus make the greatest numbers of individual homes, was the primary object ol the publio land legislation in the early days of the Republic. Tiiis system was a simple one. It commenced with an admirable scheme of public surveys, by which the humblest citizen could identify the tract upon which he wished to establish his home. The price of lands was placed within the reach of all the enterprising, industrious abd honest pioneer citizens of the country. It was soon found, howover, that the object of the laws was perverted under the system of cash sales from a distribution of land among the people to an accumulation of land capital by wealthy and speculative persons. To check this tendenoy a preference right of purchase was given to settlers on tho land, a plan which culminated in the general pre-emption act of 1811. The foundation of this system was actual residence and cultivation. Twenty years later tho homestead laws were devised to more surely plaoe actual homes In the possession of actual cultivators of the soil. The land was given without price, the sole condition being residence, impovement and cultivation. Other laws have followed, each designed to encourage the acquirement and use of land in limited individual quantities, but in later years these laws, through vicious administrative methods and under changed conditions of communication and transportation, have been so evaded and violated that their beneficent purpose is threatened with entire defeat. The methods cf such evasions and valuations are set forth in detail in the reports of the Secretary of the Interior and Commissioner of the General Land Office. The rapid appropriation of our public lands without boaa fide settlements or cultivation, nndie only without Intention of residence, but for the purpose of their aggregation in large holdings, in many cases in tho hands of foreigners, invites the serious and immediate attention of Congress. The energies of the Land Department have been devoted during the present administration to remedy defects and correct abuses in the public land servico. The results of these efforts are so largely

in the nature of reforms in the process and tyethods of our land system as to prevent adequate estimates, but it appears, by a compilation from the roports of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, that the immediate elft ot in leading cases which have come to a

of t|je

may be manufactured into marketable com-j Ht™ pleasure of Congress to so amend modities. Nothing can be accomplished, how- these laws to render them less liable to ever, in the direction of this much-needed re- T^iHtv with wtiich teimsfers form unless the subject Is approached in al -i,1*1-11 •. jI iuftu6 resul«B in 1 md

to 71615

something for the whole good. THB PUBLIC DF.BT. The sum paid upon the public debt during the! fiscM year ended Juno -W, 1886, was $44,551,043.36.

final

termi­

nation has been ti.e restora ion to the mass of public^lands of 2,760,000 acres £hut 2,370,000 acres are embraced in investigations now pending before the department or the ooutts, and that action of Congress has been oBked to effect the restoration of 2,790,00J acres additional, besides which 4,0 0,0J0 acres have been withheld from reservation aud the rights of entrv thereon maintained. I recommend the REPEAL OF THE PRE-EMPTION AND TIMBER-

CULTURK ACTS,

and that tho homestead laws be so amended as to better secure compliance, and cultivation for the period of five years from date of entry without commutation or provision for specula-

I 1 in W 1 W IV a W A Vi O II Iv O tive relinquishment. I also recommend the resuch imported materials as, by American labor,.

desert land laws, unless it shall

ftccuiutil&tioQ

and

lnst6&u or

S lirid distribution, and that the public domain

be secured to settler, it may be deemed advisable to provide by legislation some guards and checks upon the alienation of vested

lands covered thereby until patents

FBNCXSQ PUBLIC LANDS.

Last year an executive proclamation was issued directing the removal of fences -which inclosed the public domain. Many of these have been removed, in obedience to suoh order, but much of the public land still remains within the lines of these unlawful fences. The ingenious methods resorted to Jm

if#

•££3i^3h!.

or»"t so orrsrvtmte oioko trespasses, ana tne'har-

_!ih"0

of tht? pretenses by which, in some such inclosures are justified, are fully le1%'le) i'.i tho report of the Secretary of the In toil r. The removal of the fences stiU remainiup, which inclose public lands, will be enforced ie.i all t.ie authority and means with which th- executive branch of the Governmmt is or all te invested by the Congress for that pur-

GOVERNMENT PENSIONS.

'Ihe report of the Commissioner of Pensions lont'iins a detailed and most satisfactory exhibit of the operations of tne Pension Bureau. During the last fiscal year the amount of work (lone was the largest in any year since tha organization of the bureau and it has been done at less cost than during the previous year in every division. On the 30th day of June, 1880, tbere were 305,783 pensioners on the rolls of the bnreau. Since 1861 there have been l,018,7:iT applications for pensions filed, of which 7i?,8*4 were based upon service in the war of 112. There were 621,754 of these applications allowed, including 60,178 to the soldiers of 181' and their widows. The total amount paid for pensions since 1861 is $808,034,817.5?. The number of now pensions allowed during

ended

th9

year

June 30, 1886, Is 40,857. a larger number than has been allo-A ed in any year save one since 1861. The names of 3,229 pensioners which had been previously dropped from the pension roll were restored during the \ear, and after deducting those dropped within tie same time for various causes, a net increase remains for the year of 20,658 names. From Jafeuary 1, 1861, to December 1, 1885, 1,967 private pension acts had been passed. Since tho last-mentioned date, and during the last session -of Congress, 644 such acts became laws.

SPECIAL PENSION LAWS.

It seems to me that no one can examine our pension establishment and its operations without being convinced that through its instrumentality justice can be very nearly done to all who re entitled under present laws to the pension bounty of the Government. But it is undeniable hat cases exist well entitled to relief in which cue Pension Bureau is powerless to relieve the really worthy cases. Of this class are such as only luck by misfortune the kind or quantity of proof which the law and regulations of the bureau require, or which, though their merit is apparent for tome reason or other, can not re justly dealt with through general laws. These conditions iully justify application to tho Congress and special enactments, but resort to the Congress for a special pension act to over-rule the deliberate and careful determination of the Pension Bureau on the merits, or to secure favorable action when it could not bo expected under the most liberal execution of general laws, it must be admitted opens the door to allowance of questionable claims, and presents t1 tho legislative and executive branches of tho Government applications concededly not within tho law aud plainly devoid of merit, but so surrounded by sentiment and patriotic feAing that they are hard to resist.

FRAUDULENT PENSION CLAIMS.

I suppose it v.ill not be denied that many claims for pension are made without merit, and that many have been allowed upon fraudulent representations. This has been declared from the Pension Bureau, not only in this but in prior administrations. The usefulness and the justice of any system for the distribution of pensions depend upon the equality and uniformity of its operation. It will be seen from the report of the Commissioner that there are now paid by the Government 131 different rates of pension.

The Commissioner estimates, from the lest Information he can obtain, that 9, 00 of thoao who have serred in the army and navy of the United States are now supported in whole o: ia p.irt from public funds or by organized charitit B, exclusive of those in soldiers' homes umior the direction and control of the Government, t-nly 13 per ccnt. of these are pensioners, while, of the entire number of men furnished fcr tha late war, something like 20 per cent., including their widows and relatives, have been or now are in the receipt of pensions.

The American people, with a patriotic and grateful regard for our ex-soldiers, too broad and too sacred to be monopolized by any special advocates, are not only willing, but anxious that qual and exact justico should bo done to all honest claimants for pensions. In their sight the friendless and destitute so'dier dependant on public charity, if otherwiso entitled, has precisely the same right to share in the provision made for those who fought their country's battles, as those better able, through friends and influence, to push their claims. Every pension that is granted under our present plan upon any other grounds than actual service, injury, or disease incurred in such service, and every instance of tho many in which pensions are increased on other grounds than -the merits of the claim, work an injustice to the brave and orippled, but poor and friendless, soldier, w&o i3 neglected, or who must be content with the smallest sum allowed under general laws. There are far too many neighborhoods in which aro found glaring cases of inequality of treatment in the matter of pensions and they are largely due to a yielding in tho Pension Bureau to importunity on tho part of those other than the pensioner, who are especially interested, or they arise from special acts passed for the benefit of individuals. The men who fought side by si le should stand side by side when they participate in a grateful nation's kind remembranoe. Every consideration of fairness and justice to our ex-soldiers, ana the protection of tho patriotic instincts of our citizens from perversion and violence, point to the adoption of a pension system broad and comprehensive enough to cover every con tin-' gency, and which shall make unnecessary an objectionable volume of special legislation. As long as we adhere to the principle of granting pensions for service, and disability as the result of the service, tha allowance of pensions should bo restrictad to cases presenting theso features. Every patriotic heart responds to a tender consideration for those who, having served their country long and well, aro reduced to destitut on and dependence, not as an incident of their servico, but with advancing age, or through sickness, or misfortune. We are all tempted by the contemplation of such a condition to* supply relief and are often impatient of the limitations of public duty. Yielding to no one in the desire to indulgs this feeling of consideration, I can not rid myself of the conviction that if these ex-soldiers are to be relieved they and their cause are entitled to the benefit of an enactment under which relief may be claimed as a right, and that such relief should be granted under tho sanction of law, not in evasion of it nor should such worthy objects of care, all equally entitled, be remitted to the unequal operation of sympathy, or tho tender mercies of social aud iolitical influence, with their unjust discriminations. The discharged soldiers aud sailors of tho country are our fellow-citizens and interested with us in the passage and faithful execution of wholesome law. They can not bo swerved from their duty of citizenship by artful appoals to their spirit of brotherhood, tiorn of common peril and suffering, nor will they oxact as a test of devotion to their welfare a willingness to neglect public duty in their behalf.

TM AUK1UULTCKAL BUREAU

The Department of Agriculture, representing the oldest and largest of our industries, is subseeing "well tho purpose of its organization. By tho introduction of new subjects of fanning enterprise, and by opening new sources of agricultural wealth and the dissemination of early information concerning production and prices, it has contributed largely to the country's prosperity. Through this agency, advanced thought a lid investigation touching the subjects it has in jharge, should, among other things, De pr.--«-cally applied to the home production, at a low cost of articles of fool which are now imported from abroad. Such an Innovation will necessarily, of course, in the beginning, be within the domain of intelligent experiments, and the subject in every stage should receivG all possible encouragement from the Government. The interests of millions of our citizens engaged in agriculture are invol ed in an enlargement of the results of their labor and a zealous regard for their welfare should ba a willing tribute to those whose productive returns are a main source of our progress and power.

CATTLE DISEASE.

The existence of pleuro-pnenmonia among the cattlo of various States has led to burdensome, and, in some cases, disastrous restrictions in an important branch of our commerce, threatening to affect the quantity and quality of our food supply. This is a matter of such importance, and of such far-reaching consequences, that I hope it will ongago the serious attention of the Congress to the end that such a remedy may be applied as to the limits of a constitu-' tio al delegation of power to tho General Govcrnment will permit. I commend to the consideration of the Congress the report of the Commissioner, and his suggestions concerning the Interests intrusted to his care.

CIVIL-SERVICE REFORM. ,' SO

The continued operation of the law relating to our civil service has added to the most convincing proofs of

its

'4*%£

ROYAL.nSWlJ

Absolutely Pure.

inr

In conclusion, I earnestly inveke such wise action ou the part of the people's legislators as will subserve the public good, and demonstrate, during the remaining days of the Congress as at present organized, its ability and inclination to so meet the people's needs that it shall be gratefully remembered by an expeotant constituency.

WHEAT—Fultt

necessity and usef lness.

It is a fact worthy of note that every public officer who has a just idea of his duty to the people testifies to the value of this reform. Its stanchest friends are found among those who understand it best, and its warmest supporters are those who are restri lied and protected by its requirements.

is not appreciated by those who want places un- hiwch the Scottish Bite Will be Contender the Government, regardless of merit and ,J. prx* hy tb/vift vno Jnaiot fciinl* thfi Sfc-j -.r' -V1

vfli

$-itS

This powder never* varies. A "marvel of pn-ity, streng and wholesomeneee. Moat ec

oal than 1h« ordinary kinds, and can

not! a W in competition with multitnes or low teBt, short we pbt. alum or phosphate. Bold only in cans. Boyal Baking Powder Co., 106 Wall rtrtret,

Children

-1

ry

Ostaria

FOR PITCIIHfS r,

Castoria. promotes Digestion, and overcomes Flatulency, Constipation, Sour Stomach, Diarrhoea, and Feverishness. Thus the child is rendered healthy and ite deep natural, Castoria contains no Morphine or other narcotic property.

Castoria is so well adapted to children that I recommend it as superior to any prescription known to me." H. A. ARCHES, M. D., 88 Portland Ave., Brooklyh, N. Y.

"I use Castoria in my practice, and find it specially adapted to affections of children." ALEX. ROBERTSON, M. D., 1067 2d Ave., New "Stork. TSB CENTAUR Co., 182 Fulton St, N. Y.

iefcuo.1 ror sucn places should rest upoji a proper credential showing active partisan work. They mean to publio oflUcers the only opportunity afforded them to attend to public business, and they mean to the good people of tho country the better rformance of the work of their Government. It is exceedingly strange that the scope and nature of this reform are so littlo understood, and that so many things not included within its plan are called by its name. When cavil yields more fully to examination, the system will have largo additions to the number of its friends. Our civil service reform may be imperfect in some of its details it may be misunderstood and opposed it may not always be faithfully applied its designs may sometimes miscarry through mistake or willful intent it may sometimes tremble under the assaults of its enemies, or languish under the misguided zeal of impracticable friends, but if tho poople of this country ever submit to the banishment of its underlying principle from the operation of their Government, they will abandon the surest guarantee of the safety and sucoess ot .American institutions. I invoke fcr this, roform the cheerful and ungrudging support of Congress. I renew my recommendation, made last year, that the Commissioners be In ode equal to other oflicers of the Government having like duties and responsibilities, and I hope that such reasonable appropriations jpay be made as will enable them to inoreas tfll usefulness of tho oiuisa t-av iiavo chaTCn nt

CONCLUSION.

GBOVBR CLEVKLAMD.

WASHINGTON. Deaember & 1886.

CHICAGO MARKET.

(Furnished by T. J. Hodgin Brokers, 628*4 Wabash avenue..)

Dec. 8 Opening

Of.

High- I est I

Lowest

(Close

Jan. 787B 78 78^ 77K s! Feb. 78X 78* 77« 78 •Si 85% 85!* 85X 84tf 84X Pi Jan.

37% 37* 87 37&

0 Feb. .38 38 8794 37% May 43 Vi *3* 42V4 42X

Jan. •26% 26* 26* 2GX -Feb May aiH 31M 31 31%

Jan. 10.95 11.05 1087 10.90 O .Feb 1105 11.15 1100? 11.00 May 11.85 11.47 11 35 1190

Jan. 6.17 6.17 6.07 6.07

§1

Feb., 6.25 6.27 615 6.17

Tan. 5.50 5.50 5.40 5.42 Feb, 5.52 5.67 6.47 5.65 Feb,

Wheat. 1M corp. 282: nats 1»3.

NEW YORK EXPOBTS

Flour: 9,955 bblL 18.138 sacks. Wheat: 08.614 bu Corn. 36,265 Oats: 1,397 bu.

TERHE HAUTE MARKETS. UAZETTB OFFICE, Dec. 8 The following are the paying prices oorrected to day.

72 Mixe, 73o Med. 73@74.

COBS—Hominy

33 No 2 white 33c mixed 31o.

OATS—White, 93 mixed 30c.

BUTTER—Choice

eelectiona, 6@12Vi very dull.

HAY—»6 C0®7 00 per ton. EGOS- 23. POULTRY Chickens 6c beoscfi per lb: Turkey, best 6%c

fEATHEPS—40c.

RAGS—f 25 per 100 lbe. IRON—Wrought 60c per 100 lbs machine, A cents li*ht cast. 40 cents.

Gen. Manson went over to Iadianapoilthis morning to attend, this evening.

hWresSinr^dIu^toet"on binvitation, a MasonicLuting at

f* 4

rJ 'ti-

£.» 4

1

& 4

EUBBER—Old boots and shoes, 3c per lb V*

1

%4