Terre Haute Weekly Gazette, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 28 October 1886 — Page 9

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AT FAIR HARVARD.

VIEWS OF SOME OF ITS VENER

ABLE BUILDINGS.

Washington's Army Quartered There In 1775-6—Celebration of Its 250th Anniversary—Founded in 1736, it Now Comprises Thirty Different Buildings.

ARVARD COL. lege Is one of the antiquities of America. The Mayflower people founded it in 1636. They "came over in the Cauliflower and landed upon Ply mouth church," according to Mrs. GilI flory, and sixteen years afterward

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Harvard as an educational institution. It was established by the state, or what served as a state in those days, the authority of the general court of Massachusetts.

Nov. 7,1886, will therefore be the 250th anniversary of the founding of the college. This is why a fuss is making over Harvard about this time. It has remained from the beginning the most important seat of learning in the United States. As good an education can be obtained at either Michigan university or Cornell, with their broad foundations and modern ideas, but the traditions, the wealth and the dignities which clustering years can give are all on the side of fair Har vard.

Few have any idea of the extent of its grounds and buildings. The former cover many acres, thirty.

of the latter there are some

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PLAN OP COLLEGE YARD AND VCTNITY.

1, Massachusetts hall 2, Harvard hall 3, Hollis hall 4, Holden chapel 5, Stoughton hall 6. Holworthy hall T.Thayer hall 8, Appletonchapel 9, professors'1 houses 10, president's house 11, Gore hall 12, Boylston hall 13, old president's (Wadsworth) house 14, Dane ball 15, Gray's hall 16, Matthews' hall: 17, Weld hall 18, University hall 19, Holyoke house 90, College house 21, First church 22, commons 23, Harvard square.

The buildings comprise students' lodging rooms, chapels, residences of the professors, laboratories, recitation and lecture halls. Massachusetts hall, the oldest of the present structures, was erected in 1720. In the beginning there were both morning and evening prayers, and the student who absented himself from these was fined two pence. For tardiness he was taxed a penny. The authorities fined devoutness into the wild boys of the Puritan days. They would turn over in their graves, the authorities of those times, if they could know that a wicked racing water craft had been named the Puritan.

The college yard proper incloses rather less than 25 acres, and contains three-fifths of the buildings. In front of the college grounds to this day is an ancient milestone which has carved upon it "Boston 8 miles, 1734." It is worn and crumbled under the weather and is one of the most important relics Harvard has to show, except perhaps some of its antiquated usages and notions. But Boston has crept up on the old milestone since 1734, and is now come to within less than three miles of it. The school itself was named for Rev. John Harvard, minister of the Massachusetts colony, who left half his estate to the young school and his books for its library that was to be. He died in 1638. Half his estate was $4,000. Harvard university now has endowment funds amounting to about $4,000,000, not counting the value of grounds, buildings, library and apparatus. So you see Harvard is not starving out

MASSACHUSETTS HALL.

That building of the olden time, Massachusetts ball, suggests in its very appearance colonial days. There were rank and station among the students then. They wore academic gowns and queues, with swords and canes. All about there took the tone of "Come hither,- menial, and do my bidding." The students were young gentlemen of wealth and blood, and there were powdered wigs and gorgeous footmen. Freshmen were not allowed to wear their hats in presence of members of the classes above them or of tie college faculty. Consequently the poor fellows mostly carried their hats in their hands when crossing the college grounds.

Well, all this rubbish is mostly done away with. This much the leveling spirit of the age has accomplished, with all its faults. It has tended to make the poorest and the hardest working among men lift his brows from the earth and say: "I, too, am a man."

College hazing grew out of the caste system that reigned in the ancient college days, when of every one was exacted that awful reverence for his superiors which amounted to a slavish deference.

Massachusetts and Harvard halls stand one on each side of the entrance to the college grounds. Harvard hall is full of interest Before 1815 it contained the common dining hall of the students. Morning and evening they hied them thither for a bowl of chocolate or milk and apiece of bread. This they •te in the yard, or in their own rooms.

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HARVARD HALL.

Harvard hall also contained the college chapel. Here, too, the greatest event of the scholastic year took place—namely, the commencement dinner was eaten. As the venerable hall became crowded, one after another of its dignities was shorn from it, till now itis not much else than a lecture room and housing place for philosophical apparatus. Tha first library was stored in Harvard hall, too»

Among the relics preserved with affectionate care is the ancient chair of the president of Harvard. Here, generation after generar tion, have sat good men and learned, awful in dignity and ironlike in discipline. This ancient chair forms the initial letter at the head of the present writing.

Of men connected with the governing and teaching at Harvard there are 150 But then the students number 1,000.

PRESIDENT ELIOT.

The present president of Harvard is Charles William Eliot. In some respects he represents the modern idea in education, though yet to a certain extent an old fogy. He is a live man, and has done much to break up the Procrustean old system of learning, that required every young man to learn Greek or nothing. The course of study at Harvard, largely owing to President Eliot's influence, has been made elective to a degree un equaled in any of the old colleges. Science is greatly cultivated, and this is because of the life and teachings of Louis Agassiz, whose spirit still lingers in the atmosphere of fair Harvard.

Dr. Eliot was a young man for a college president when he was first appointed, being only 35 years old. That was in 1869. He is Boston born, and before he became president of Harvard was professor of chemistry and metallurgy in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. If, under his administration, the serious minded and studious young women of the Harvard annex shall be regularly admitted as students in the university, it will be a bright star in the crown of the live young president of the fine old school. President Eliot is himself an alumnus of Harvard, and was at one time tutor of mathematics there.

There are five buildings in the group constituting Harvard university that date back to the American revolution and beyond. They were occupied by the troops of the to be republic in 1775-'76.

They are mostly rectangular, barn like structures of

HOLLIS HALL. red brick,with rows of little windows. Hollis hall is one of them, and the four others are Harvard and Massachusetts halls, the old president's house and Holden chapel.

The departments of special study which constitute Harvard a university are law, medicine, dental and divinity courses, the Lawrence scientific school, the Bussey institution, an infant school of agriculture, and an astronomical observatory. Here too is Agassiz's monument, the museum of comparative zoology.

High old names have been among those of the Harvard presidents in times past. Josiah Quincy, golden tongued Edward Everett, sturdy old Jared Sparks, and stern faced Cornelius Conway Feltonhave officially occupied the quaint Harvard chair.

Stoughton hall belongs to the old buildings of the college. The old buildings include those in use previous to 1815. The library of the university, as well as its librarian, is known throughout the country.

Buildings famous in the history and STOUGHTON HALL. literature of the United States cluster all about the Harvard group. What is called the old president's house was occupied as long ago as 1726. It was then called Wadsworth hall, and President Wadsworth was the first who lived in it. From that time on the fires upon its hearths were kindled uninterruptedly by a president's family, and never died out for 123 years. In 1840 Jared Sparks became president, and lived in his own house in Cambridge. Edward Everett was the last who occupied the old house as an official residence. It was in this house that Washington was received when he came to Cambridge at the head of the army in 1775.

When New England was first settled by the Puritans they were enthusiastic about converting all the world to Christianity— Mayflower Christianity. They were going to have the Indian singing psalms and wearing his hair cut round, and walking in the way of godliness in less than no time. To this end the Society for Propagating the Gospel in New England was formed. They «ven went so far as to found an Indian

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TERRE HAUTE, INDIANA^ THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 28,1886.-TWO PARTS, PART SECOND.

college at Harvard 200 years ago. This was to seize on young Indian converts before they bad time to relapse, educate them in the strict doctrines of theology, and then send them abroad as missionary preachers among their own.race. Alas for misdirected enthusiasm! Only one Indian ever entered the doors of the school, Rev. Caleb Cheeshahteaumuck and New England theology proved so disastrous to his system that he died a year before graduating. The Indian college is what a writer calls a "shadowy reminiscence."

THE WYANDOT MISSION CHURCH.

The First Mission Church of Episcopal Methodism in the World. One of the most interesting landmarks in the country is situated near Upper Sandusky, Ohio. It is said to be the first mission church of Episcopal Methodism in the world. It was built in 1824 by James B. Finley, the missionary to the Wyandots. The money with which it was constructed, $1,333.33, came out of the United States treasury through the influence of John C. Calhoun, then secretary of war. It was a substantial building of blue limestone and oak, with walnut trimmings. Taken altogether it was said to be a model church.

In 1842 a treaty was effected by which the Wyandot Indians were removed to a reservation west of the Mississippi, the United States government agreeing that the mission church and the ground around it containing the graves of its dead congregation should remain forever consecrated to the purpose for which it was originally designed. "In order, therefore," the agreement read, "that the object of the aforesaid reservation may bo secured and carried out, we request that the Methodist Episcopal church tako possession thereof and appoint trustees over the same according to its rules and regulations."

THE WYANDOT MISSION CHURCH, 1860. What have the trustees of the church done to preserve this most interesting relic? One of our pictures shows the condition of the church in 1860, from a picture copyrighted by N. B. C. Love, and used hero by permission. Our second picture is from a recent photograph, and shows what time and the elements have been permitted to do with the edifice. All visitors to Upper Sandusky go Jo see the ruins of the old mission, which may be said to be the oldest monument to the work of the foreign missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal church, and the remark is often made that a society which raises so many millions of dollars for missionary work might appropriate a few dollars annually to the #are of this relic. .•7""rv"V

THE WYANDOT MISSION TO-DAY. The church, it appears, is waiting for the state to act in the matter, as Congressmen Geddes and Finley, aided by Senator Sherman, have endeavored to obtain government aid to the extent of $6,000 to rebuild the church. A bill appropriating that amount passed the house, but was swamped in the senate. Between the apathy of congress and the neglect of the church this beautiful ruin is likely to crumble into further decay until there will not be left even the walls for vandals to desecrate, as they now do with anything but Biblical inscriptions.

Republican Candidate for Governor of New Jersey. Benjamin F. Howey, the Republican nominee for governor of New Jersey,was a member of the Forty-eighth congress from the Fourth district, the adjoining one to Congressman Green's, his

Democratic opponent. He, too, is a native of the state, and was born in Gloucester county in 1828. His uncle was the first governor of New Jersey elected under the constitution adopted in 1846. After completing a common school educa

BENJAMIN F. HOWEY.

tion, he went to Philadelphia, and was engaged in mercantile pursuits for a number of years. In 1855 he made his home in Warren county, und engaged in quarrying slate—a business in which he is yet interested. Mr. Howey was captain of Company G, Thirty-first regiment of New Jersey volunteers. His political career began when, in 1878, he was elected sheriff of Warren county as a Republican. He was the first Republican ever elected to an office in the county. In 1882 he was elected to congress, and served one term.

A Few Bad Indians Left.

Senator Dawes says there are to-day 300,000 Indians who, to all intents and purposes, are as uncivilized as they were 250 years ago—Chicago Living Church.

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LIBERTY COMPLETE.

RAISING THE LAST PIECE OF THE STATUE INTO PLACE.

Its Finished Exterior Presents a Grander Appearance Than Any Pictnres Have Yet Conveyed—Its Tornado Proof

Anchorage and Hoopskirt Interior. The visitor to the Statue of Liberty in New York harbor will receive two very startling impressions of the work on his first visit On arriving at the Battery, the southernmost point of New York city, to take the boat to the island on which the statue is erected, he glances across the deceptive water to Bedloe's island, which appears but a short distance away, and is disappointed in the size of the statue. Bedloe's island is in reality over a mile and a half away. There being nothing within a mile of the statue by which a comparison of height can be made, the statue does indeed look insignificant. Embarking on the little steamer for passage to the island one cannot but remark the number of foreign travelers, evidently, who are making the pilgrimage to the statue. Our American tourist reads his paper on the trip across the bay, but the visiting Frenchman is so enthusiastic over the "magnifique conception'' that he cannot even sit still, but crowds to the front of the boat gesticulating to his companions as he points out new marvels in the work. If our American appreciates the grandeur of the idea embodied in this colossus of Bartholdi's equally with the foreigner he certainly does not show it. Either Liberty is not the boon to him that it appears to foreigners or be is so accustomed to big things that tho statue does not startle him.

THE LAST OF FORT WOOD.

The first impression of the statue is replaced by one of surprise at tho immensity and grandeur of its proportions as the visitor nears the island on which it rests. It is only possible on so seeing it to get any idea of what a gigantic work it is. Pictures convey no idea of it, and it is at once noticeable how much more beautiful are the graceful lines of the figure than tho pictures or models represent them. The pedestal is also in much better proportion to the figure than has been shown. The fact is the statue to be appreciated must be visited.

The star shaped Fort Wood, out of which the statue rises, has been dismantled, the only remaining indications that this beautiful spot was once dedicated to war is the battery shown in our illustration.

The day of our visit workmen were raising the last piece of the statue into place. It was the forefinger. It measured 7 feet 11 inches in length and 4 feet 9 inches in circumference at the sacond joint. When our rule was taken from it it was hoisted away up into place, as shown in illustration, toremain for centuries unless dashed to the earth by the elements or by the hand of some vandal despot. For should a "strong" government ever control America Liberty's image would be a menace to it, as was the Column Vendome to the French Commune, and would be as certainly overthrown.

RAISING THE LAST PIECE INTO PLACE. The precautions toward anchoring the statue so that a cyclone can never wrest it from its pedestal appear to be more than adequate. Twelve girders 4 feet deep and 30 feet long extend across the top of the opening in the pedestal, which is 26K feet square. Sixty feet below these area similar set of girders built into the masonry and connected with the statue above by sixteen flat bolts 4 inches wide and 1% inches thick. All this bracing is steel. The bolts which secure the iron framework of the statue to the upper girders are 5% inches in diameter. Inside the statue are bands of wrought iron which extend around at regular intervals and hold the outside drapery of copper in shape exactly like an immense hoopskirt, from which probably the idea was taken. This hoopskirt is held in place by iron brackets extending out from the great iron truss work which takes the place of the skeleton within the figure. The noise of the hammering reverberated within the great shell of copper as it would in a boiler, so we stepped outside to the top of the pedestal to witness workmen eoleing the largest woman's foot ever seen. The accom-SOLEINQ ™BTY'S SHOE. panying sketch gives an idea of its immensity. A close inspection of the copper -vork shows marvelouslv careful workman

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ship. Considering all the handling the copper sheets have had since they were first molded into shape it is wonderful that they have retained their form so well Workmen are constantly going over the outside of the statue like spiders, dropping their rope net from above aa& hammering out the slightest imperfections. Sheets of copper, bolts and pieces of scaffolding were falling in a shower down the inside of the statue, so we were not permitted to ascend within it, but reserve that trip for anothfr week.

AUTHOR OF" "QUE~ER WRINKLES."

The Most Extensively Quoted Humorist in the United States.

PHILIP H. WELCH.

The subject of the above illustration is known as the "Queer Wrinkle" man of The New York Sun. Mr. Welch was born in Angelica, Allegany county, N. Y., in 1849, and now at the age of 37 years, and after but five years of journalistic service, is at the head of his special line of work. He was commercially educated and for twelve years was connected with the hardware business in New York, eight years of which time were spent as a commercial traveler through the west and south. His entry into journalism was through the last door by which a funny man is looked for—that of plain dry statistics. Leaving New York through business changes, he located in Oil City, Pa., and thence quite by chance sent oil market reports to Bradstreets. One or two other brief connections with newspapers followed till the fall of '82. But a little over a year from the time his maiden manuscript was printed Mr. Welch went on the Rochester Post-Express as associate editor. Here he developed his gift for humorous writing. In a short time "The Present Hour" department of the Post-Express began to be largely quoted by the press. In September, 1883, the Philadelphia Call wanted and got him. He became a member of the initial staff of that paper, and from the first issue its "Accidentally Overheard" column was widely recognized. A few months later, in the June following, tho transfer to The New York Sun was made, since which time his "Queer Wrinkles" have achieved a national reputation.

Mr. Welch's humor has a fine, dry flavor, and the chestnut bell is rarely rung in his face. His work is characterized by a touch of human nature which elevates it above mere joking and gives it more than a transitory effect. He possesses to a remarkable degree the quality of conciseness of expression and leaves enough to the imagination of his reader to pay him the subtle compliment of penetration.

For something over a year JUr. Welch had been troubled with cancer of the-tongue, and was finally compelled to undergo a severe surgical operation. The greater part of his tongue was taken out. The operation was successfully performed last July, and while his speech is somewhat impaired he can make. himself plainly understood.

The following are a few of Mr. Welch's paragraphs that have been published by The New York Sun:

A CAREFUL HOUSEWIFE.

A woman was in a grocery store looking at roller pins. "You may give me two of them," she said. "Two of them?" queried the clerk. "Yes. I want to keep one of them clean for bread.

TWO OF A KIND.

A slim youth, accompanied by a pug dog and chain attachment, meta young lady on Fifth avenue whom he knew. He walked by her side until her residence was gained, when she invited him in. "Aw—thawnks awfully much pleased I'm suah," he said "but—er—the dog, y'know

"Oh, the dog won't make the slightest difference. Dear little fellow. Mamma will be glad to see you both."

FORTUNATE FOR GEORGE.

'Do I love George," mused Clara, softly, "or is it simply a sister's affection that I feel for

Just then Bobby burst noiselessly into the room and interrupted her sweet meditations. "Get out of here, you little brat!" she shouted, and seizing him by the arm shot him through the door. "Ah, no," she sighed, as she resumed her interrupted train of thought, "my love for George is not a sister's love. It is something sweeter, purer, higher and holier."

ANXIOUS TO RA ENTERTAINED. Bobby (to young Fatherly, who is making an evening call)—Will you speak a little French for me before you go, Mr. Featherly?

Featherly (smiling)—Certainly, Bobby, if you wish it. Bobby—I do. Ma says your French is very amusing.

An interesting point about Mr. Welch's work is that he is paid by the piece for it, his pay being from $2 to $3 per item—never less than $2. Another illustration of the way in which his humor is appreciated is the fact that nearly all of his work is translated into the French papers and published there as original Some American papers translate it back into English under the title of "French Fun." When the jokes get back into English the second time "then," Mr. Welch says, "they are funny."

I am just beginning to be aware of the extreme desirability of inviting as little attention as the exigencies of life will allow.—Signor Max in Detroit Free Press.

SCIENCE AND PROGRESS.

ILLUSTRATING HOW A 54-TON CANNON IS CAST.

What Will Happen to the Earth Some Time Rut After We Are Dead, We Hope*—What Beat the Galatea—Boston

Cannon Fonndry.

Boston is the place where the large cannon used in the United States are cast. A late number of The Scientific American contains an interesting illustrated sketch of some of the processes of building great guns. They are cast within deep pits dug into the earth and walled with brick. Melted iron is run into a mold or flask to make the gun. Through the conter of the mold runs a "core," which leaves the hollow through the center of the gun.

Fig. 1 is an interior view of the large ordnance foundry where the 54-ton guns are cast, the ground being broken away so as to show a section of the pit, which is placed in the center of the foundry. On the right are two 40ton reverberatory furnaces for melting the iron for the casting,and another 40-ton furnace is on the loft of the pit. The combined capaoity of these monster furnaces is 125 tons.

CANNON PIT.

The pit is 40 feet deep by 13 feet in diameter, and its brick walls are 1 foot thick. In the center of the pit stands the gun flask, which rests on dry sand supported upon a firm foundation of masonry and concrete. Every precaution is taken to prevent the. entrance of water within the pit, since even an extremely small quantity would ruin the work. The flasks ore flanged sections of iron, which, when placed in position in the pit, form a shell for supporting the mold. The flasks are rammed, washed and dried before being lowered into the pit, and are not touched after being placed in position.

BORING 54-TON GUN.

Fig. 2 is an interior view of the ordnance machine shop, showing one of the 54-ton rifles in the process of being bored in one of the 100-ton lathes. This gun is to have a short steel tube, four inches thick, inserted from the breech and extending a little forward of the trunnions. Tho tube is shrunk into the bore of the gun, the latter being heated. The gun in the picture will carry an 800-pound shot ten miles. It is a portion of the heavy ordnance recently ordered by congress.

For Governor of California. Jdhn F. Swift, the Republican candidate for governor of California, has long been identified with San Francisco and its growth. He was born at Bowling Green, Ky., Feb. 28, 1829, but spent most of his boyhood tft Exeter, Ills., whither his father, Judge Nathan Swift, removed. In 1852 Mr. Swift went to San Francisco, and he began life there as

a dealer in produce. He was successful in business, and, retiring from it after JOHN F. SWIFT. four years, he was admitted to the bar in 1856, He was a member of the legislature in 1862^ £§ain in 1873, and again in 1877. In 1880 he was appointed by the president a member of the commission to make a treaty with China.

An Artist's Archaeology.

Alma-Tadema archaeology has been rated high by ordinary critics, but The New York Nation's reviewer finds that it is "no more defensible than an archaeology that should offer to us a Frenchman of the Sixteenth century arrayed in doublet, jerkin and trunk hoee, surmounting reversed trousers of the year 1886, and capped with a silk hat."— Inter Ocean.

On which side of a horse's seek does hit mane fall)