Terre Haute Weekly Gazette, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 16 January 1879 — Page 4

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The DAILY GAZETTE is published "every afternoon except Sunday, and gold by the carrier at 30c. per fort night,-by mail. $6-00 per year $4.00 tor sflcmonths, $2.OOforthre®months THE WEEKLY GAZETTE is issued every Thursdry, and contains all the f- bost matter cf the six daily issues. THIS WEEKLY GAZETTE is the largest paper printed in Terre Hante, «nd is sold for: One copy per year, $1.60: six months, 76c three months, '40c. All subscriptions must be paid in advance. No paper discontin«ed until all arrearages are faid, unless at

Ithe option of the proprietor, A failure jto notify a discontinuance at the end of the year will be considered, anew engagement. .V Address all letters,

WM. C. BALL & CO. GAZETTE. Terre Haute.

THURSDAY, JANUARY 16, 1879.

MISSOURI IS considering the propriety of introducing the whipping post.

LIVERY stable keepers are the most ardent admirers of the beautiful snow

ALL reports unite in declaring that Senator Voorhees has made his calling and election sure.

ALL the Legislatures are proposing to pass laws punishing the crime of grate robbery. It will be sa^er to die in the future than ic has been in the past.

FREEZING AND STARVING. A man mi^ht freeze or starve with a barrel of ROla in his house. —I Fiat Fllosophy.

Exactly 60. And a man might starve in a coal mine and freeze in a slaughter house. How fearfully and solemnly sad all of these startling facts are, to be sure. They prove that we ought to kick and iear around,Jnow, right now, before the Shylocks and Money Power have perverted all the laws of nature to our destruction.

CERTAIN papers of a reformatory tendency nave started agitation in the direction of a reJuction of state expenses by advising the members of the Legislature to cut down their salaries. A meniber of the Legislature, after paying the legitimate expenses of an economically conducted campaign, time not included and the expense of going to and living at Indianapolis during the session deducted, ought to amass a fortune on $6.oo a day for sixty days out of two years. Legislative salaries ought to be cut down -so that none but rich men could afford to^go there. That seems to be the idea. Pi

THE attention of bloody shirt champions of high and low degree is called to the following recital of eloquent facts taken from the Charlestown S. C. News and Courier and which we take from the Indianapolis Evening News. If the Teller Committee's appropriation is not exhausted it is to be hoped it will look into the matter:

In 1S70-71 the expenses of the legislature were $822,000 in 1871-72, $1,533,000 in 1872—73, $908,000 in 1S73-74, $922,000. In 1877 under Hampton's government they were reduced to $84,000. It also calls attention to the fact that since 1876, when the republican administration was overthrown, the attendance of colored children in the public schools of the state has increased nearly, thicteen thousand over the number attending during the republican regime. This we should suppose would account lor a good many colored democratic otes and except in the eyes of the stalwarts, cover a multitude of .sins.

S. S. BALDWIN writes a verv entertaining letter to the GAZETTE from Melbourne, Australia, which will be found in this issue of the GAZETTE. He sends us Melboure and Sydney papers filled with accounts of his entertainments. Slade, the notorious medium, who has produced such a sensation in Europe ",«was at Sydney a few days before his arrival there and Baldwin's duplication and explanation of his so styled manifest* tions, which had bnen accepted by many as genuine, produced a decided sensation.

He ha6 challenged that mour.teback to a

V.V Public contest, but his challenge is not likely to be accepted. The papers without exception have enlisted in the cause and their issues are as full of accounts of •his doings as the GAZETTE was when he fir6t made his appearance in Terre Haute. ,and threw the sunlight of full explanation on the dark doings of Mistress Annie

Stewart at Pence's Pandemonium. This week we shall publish a number ot these extracts for the delectation of our readers who btill have a lingering interest in the subject.

"TO WHISTLE OR NOT TO WHIST- & /, TLE. A Correspondent of the GAZETTE, Writing over the signature of "Nail WorJw," replies to the criticism of "A Womans Words" on that so caHed nui~*nee the Nail Works whistle, which appeared in last Saturday's issue of 'the' GAZETTE./.* The controversy between these two correspondents, each looking at the question fro a different £tand-point, the GAZETTK has reason to

hope may lead to a solution of lhi$ jnuch vexed pfobifctfi."A W nan's Words' advanced the usual arguments against the unearthly screeching of a' steam whisue at the sad arid solemn hour of half past three o'clock in the morning. She say a it*di6turbs the slumbers of the well and sometimes imperils the lives of the sick, to whom steep, tfce sovereign*-- remedy for wasted frames, comes oniy after patient wooing ana lingers timidly. "Nail Works" replies that merely hearing w|*jstle at that hour in the morning, when it summons to the performances o£ no duty, and at

the ,-worst can

only invite to a deeper nestling in downy beds, is nothing compare with the inconvenience of having toget up at that hour and rush off to breakfastless work. "Nail Works" is right in his estimate of the relative disagreeabler.ss of the whistle to those who only hear and to those who, hearing, must heed.

Now the question is of no personal interest to the GAZETTE. Its sleep, after the labors of the day, is sound and sweet. Forty steam whistles blowing in unison at half-past 3 o'clock in the morning could not break the current 'of its peaceful dreams, the priceless heritage of youth, and health, and sobriety, and a quiet conscience. But this is not true of elderly persons, or of thjse in delicate health, or of those in distress, or of restless and ambitious souU, or of pampered children of fortune, who lunch at midnight on mince pies and champagne. During and after his labors in the list campaign this very same whistle was a recurring source of annoyance to our distinguished townsman, Col* Thomas H.Nelson. 1

Doubtless many other sensitive souls beside the distinguished diplomat and "A Woman's Words," people whose sleep hangs on a hair trigger, are disturbed by this whistle. And the GAZETTE begs to inform "Nail Works" that all these persons, being citizens and taxpayers, are objects of solicitude to the community. They admit that being waked up merely at an unreasonable hour\J -i8 *!.vVles8 disagreeable than being waked up and compelled to get up, but deny the right of gentlemen who habitually perform an unpleasant duty at that unseemly hour to rouse the most of the community to inform them .of the fact. Objectors to the nail works whistle, say that the right to blow a whistle there at half past three o'clock involves the the right of every man in the commun itv who goes to work at any hour or half hour in the twenty-four to have a whistle blown to inform him of the fact.

But not being personally interested in the matter, it is no part of the GAZETTE'S purpose to argue the question further than merely to indicate the arguments of the champions of the respective sidesWe come forward, however, with a compromise proposition. If only some other way could be devised of waking those whose business summons them at that hour, then the whistle might be left to rust in'' -vinactivity. If each of the *. three hundred workers there had -an alarm clock in his house the purpose for which the whistle blows would be accomplished. The nail workers are satisfied with the present arrangement. It suits them. They will go to no expense to stop ic. But we presume that if those whom the whistle disturbs were enough interested to raise a fund and buy three hundred alarm clocks, the early risers would keep them in order, wind them up, and consent to an abatement of the whistle nuisance. This the GAZETTE offers as a compromise melisure and, to test the sincerity of those who complain, herewith opens subscription books for a fund to be devoted to this purpose. Three hundred clocks would probably cost six

hundred dollars. It ought to be an easy thing to raise this sum. Names of donors with amounts subscribed will be published from day to day. The GAZETTE takes pleasure in starting the fund by a sub scription of $1.00. Money can be sent in any way known to the business public and should be addressed to Philanthropist, GAZETTE office, city.

No subscription of over $100 will be received as it is desired to make this a popular povement.

THE PROPOSED NEW APPORTIONMENT LAW. Fridayi Mr. English, joint representative in the Indiana Legislature from Marion and Shelby counties, introduced two apportionment bills., As is known, the Indiana Legi&lature consists of 50 Senators and 100 Representatives. Th«f first bill introduced by him divides the state in senatorial and representative districts, giving each district two Representatives to each senator. This is a new.feature of districting in this State. In other states, however, where it has been tried it has been found to possess many advantages.

Indiana, as shown by the last official enumeration, has 442,959 white voters and 6,056 colored. The total vote is 451,035. Dividing this total by 100, the number of Representative#, it will be seen that 4,510 is the average number of votes for each Representative. For the Senators it is 9,020, and for Congressman

—•a

COUNT IKS.

2.? 515"

THE IFIKKE HAUTE WEEKLY "GAZETTE.

th^ State having thirtccri, it is 34,694. Vigo county cast at the last election 9,I6S, and under this bill hag Senator and 2 Representatives, as she has now.

The second'bill follows the old plan in respect of not, in all cases, having the senatorial and representative districts concurrent. No change, however, is made in Vigo's representation under either of the proposed plans. The average for a Senator being 9,020 votes, it will be seen that Vigo has 148 votes more than the average. But this is tolerably close. The highest number of votes in any one of the proposed senatorial districts is 10,375, being composed of the counties of Lawrence, Martin and Dubois, and the smallest 7,419, being composed of the counties of Laporte, Porter and Lake

From the Indianapolis Sentinel of Saturday the following facts in reference to the bill and its effects is taken. '•1. Ten of them have exactly the population required, viz.: 9,020, of which seven districts are Republican and three Democratic.

Of the nineteen districts having a population under the exact average number required, ten are Republican and nine Democratic.

Of the twenty-one districts having a population over the exact average number, two are Republican and nineteen Democratic.

4. The average voting population of the Democratic districts is 9,168, whereas the average voting population of the Republican districts is only 8,692, making a difference per district on an average of about 476 in favor of the Republicans, so that as far as representation in proportion to population is concerned, this proposed apportionment would not only be liberal to the Republicans, but most favorable to them. w-r 5. The districts are so formed as* not to throw any two Senators holding over into the same district, thus leaving exactly one-half of the Senators to be elected at the next election, as provided in the constitution. ,, It

If the next election should go as the last, and all the Senators be elected at that time, the result under the first bill wculd he in the Senate, thirty-one Democrats and nineteen Republicans, and in the House sixty-two Democrats and thir-ty-eight Ttepublican Under the second bill the Senate would of course stand the same, and the House sixty Democrats and forty Republicans.

The bills are really not'only fair to the Republicans but they are more than lib eral. If any party has cause to complain it is the Democracy, which could not have been blamed if it had made it more advantageous to itself seeing that it is to displace a most infamously unfair scheme made years ago by the Republicans. In this fairness the Democratic party shows to great advantage.

Below is given the bill "of Mr. English for the congressional districts:

IS® '-5 3

,1.

84,IMS Posey, Gibson, Varuler burg,Warrick, Pike,DuXi bois and Spencpr 1,635 01.768 Perry, Crawford, Harrison, Floyil, Orange,

Waehington.Seott,Lawrencj, and Clarf 4,942

32,137 M»rtin, Knox, Dnvless. Sullivan, Gr«.ene, Monroe, Owen n.m) Clay. 4,232 86,820 Brown, Baitholoniew,

Jackson, Morgan, Johnson. "h-lby Rush and Prcatur 4,22u

34,417 Jeffeison, Jennings,Switzerland. Ohio, Ripley. Dearborn, Franslin.

Fayette and Union 2,083

37,174 YVavne, Henrv,Uandolph, Deleware, Jay, Blackfor1 and tarant 31,454 Madison, Hancock, anil

MariOB 446

33,294 yigo,Putnam,Parke, Vermillion. Fountain and Montgomery 871 83,094 Hcndricks, Boone, Clinton, Tippecanoe, Ham ilton and Tipton 36,045 Warren, Benton, White,

Newtoti, Jasper, Starke, Porter, Lake, l.aporte and St, Joseph

82,414 Howard, Cass,Miami,Car roll, Pulaski, Fulton and Marshall 32,414 Wells, Adams, Allen,

1 294

1,826

Wlr.rley, Huntington and W abash 5,558

S2,54S Kosciusko,Lagrang ,£lk-' hart, Stenbsn, ioblc I and OeKtlb

This makes quite a decided change in our district, but it is a great improv ment on the district as it is now. It will still be the Eighth district.

THE GREATEST OF ALL GRAINS. Not overdone person in a million could correctly answer the query, "Which of all the grains is the most largely produced The response in variably would be "Wheat." It is not surprising that such a general misapprehension should exi&fo the mind of any person, except as one mig^it have cause to investigate or study up the subject. Wheat in this country is, in comparison with any or all other food-growths com_ bined, we might say, the only all-impor-tant product. Its position as a necessity in the list of the family food has naturaly caused its first and best, heir, bread, to be called, in popular parlance, "the staff of life." Poor indeed is he who cannet, morning nuon and night, have

least his fill of bread. So it is that we judge of things by our immediate

surroundings. And yet, such a conclu^ sson is far from correct. The response to the prayer, ''Give us this v^ay our daily bread," is not an abundant harvest of wheat, but of rice, so far as the needs of the largest numbers of people are concjrned. The use of such grain in this country is no criterion, for its advantages a« a main staple of diet are not understood or properly appreciated.

Frotn Messrs. Dan Talmages Sjns we learn the annual product of the Carolinas and Louisiana averages (So,000,000 eighty millions of pounds. Our design in presenting the amount raised in this country is for the sake of comparison, and that the reader may more quickiy perceive the magnitude of the growth abroad. Many of the Eastern nations have been "sealed books" until within the last fifteen years, since which period the "outside barbarians" have succeeded in invading nearly all of the "sacred border£.'' It is in these Oriental countries that rice /-is extolled as .superior to all other species of food, and as an article ot first necessity. So completely is its presence deemed requisite at all meals that the term "fan," boiled rice, enters into every co pound that implies the ceremony of eating. "Tche-fan," to eat rice, signifies a meal generally "tsao-fan," morning rice, means breakfast and by "ouan-fan." evening rice, supper is implied. Every substitute for this favorite food is considered meager, and indicative of the greatest wretchedness. Having shown the important position the article occupies, we have only to remind the reader of the vast populations in China the East Indies and the islands adjacen^ which, according to the latest estimates, exceed eight hundred millions. With more than half of this number it constitutes their only article of diet. The total product of the East last year was a little over two hundred and fifty billions (250,000,000,000) of pounds, which amount is over three thousand times the quantity grown in the United States. Thiaamouut is nearly all consumed within their own territories. The portion shipped to Europe and South America, though large, is, as compared to the huge product, but a small item, being less than one per cent.

In this connection we present a brief account of the East Indian mode of cultivating and preparing their rice. The mountain grain cultivated in CochinChina and amongst the Himalaya chain is by some called dry rice, but even this is not raised without the aid of heavy periodic rains. Every quality is properly an aquatic crop, and a brook or river side is, as the rule, selected as the site for planting. ice-grounds consist of neatl enclosed spaces, the clay banks surrounding them seldom exceeding two feet in height. The primary operation of plough in£, is performed with a very primitive implement that consists of a beam, handle and ^Jcoulter, the mouldboard being beyond their rural knowledge. The buffalo, or water-ox is then called in to draw the thi ee-barred harrow with wooden t^eth, over the surface, after which the earth is deemed sufficiently pulverized to receive the seed. Having been steeped in a liquid preparation, to accelerate germination and avert the attacks of insects, the seed is sown very thickly, and almost immediately covered with a thin sheet of water. In a few days the shoots overtop the water, which is the signal for transplanting. This consists in plucking up the plants by the roots, cutting off the tops of the blades, and setting each root separately. Each rice field being partitioned into many minor inclosures, it is not attended with inconvenience to conduct a rivulet into any particular plantation, through an opening in the clay ridge that surrounds it. More frequently, however, the labor of the pea«ant provides it Chain pjmps are in common use—a series of flat boards exactly fitted to the channel through \Vhich it is to be forced. These are worked by a footmill of pr oportionate dimensions. With the vact majority the most primitive methods are still adhet^d to. In one cf these plans two men stand opposite each other on projecting banks of stream, holding ropes securely attached to a bucket, which is filled by' relaxing and raised by tightening the cords. Then, by a skillful jerk they empty the contents into a reservoir, or throw it in the direction of the conduit cut for the irrigation of some one field. Another contrivance for the same purpose consists of ...a long pole, somewhat like an old-fashioned well-sweep, but made to turn on a pivot across an upright post. A bucket attached to the shorter arm of this lever is easily lowered into the water, and when filled, it is raited and discharged into the reservoir. Irrigation having performed its anticipated work, the rice grows rapidly^ The culm ranges from one to six feet it is annual, erect, simple, round and jointed. The leaves are large firm and pointed, arising from very long, cylindrical and finely striated sheaths The flowers are disposed in a large and beautiful pannicle, resembling that of the

As the crop approaches mt urity the sluices are closed and the water withheld. In May or June the first crop is generally "cut, and before the harvesting is wholly completed preparations are fce-

gu.i for a new or second sowing, by pulling up the stubble, collecting it into smsll heaps, the ashes cf which, after burning are scattered over the surface. The second crop attains maturity in October and November. Its stubble is turned under with the plow. The cutting of the crop is done with a sickle, after which the bundled grain removed to the threshing tpparatus in frames suspended at the extremities of a bamboo pole. The edge of a plank, the maigiu of a large tub, with a screen drawn up behind them, are the most pc ular threshing rvachines employed in the empire, but flails are used on the larger farms, or where there any considerable quantity to be freed from the stalk. Within the past few years several large mills have been constructed in the East, but the dressing for home consumption is generally accomplished by a machine consisting of a single lever, pestle and mortar, worked by a foot-board. But, lest we weary the reader, we rise to take French leave of the interesting subject, expressing, in closing, our thanks to Messrs. Dan Talmadge's Sons, New

York, to whom we are indebted for all the statistics and much of the matter herein precented.

A MUCH ABUSED MONEY. To the Editor of tne GAZETTE I do not know when my sensibilities have been so wrought upon, and my sympathies so excited as they were in perusing an article entitled "A Greenback Victory," which appeared in the editorial columns of your estimable morning contemporary on Friday last. The article 1 refer to is a grandiloquent apotheosis of the greenback, and for richness of imagery and felicity of illustration it is a marvel of journalistic composition. Its author Is eyidently a born poet plain matter of fact prose is illy suited for conveying the wealth of ideas which crowd that teeming brain. There is a sombre pathos running through the article which reminds one of the hymns of Dr. Watts or the elegiac verses of George Washing' ton Childs, the obituary editor of the Philadelphia Ledger. I am disposed to beli"ve that if the author of that article will consent to woo the lyric muse, he may yet become a shining light upon the editorial 6taff of the post mortem bard Wit your permission, I wish to make a few remarks upon this production, and as the interest of truth will not allow the candid critic to evade an unpleasant duty I point out a few blemishes upon this otherwise faultless rhetorical gem. The article commences thus "Ever since Mc ulloch's contraction raid upon the greenback was inaugurated in 1S66, the whole money power of the civilized world has been engaged in a war of extermination against this representative of popular soverei jntv. For thirteen years its name has been villified, its legitimacy denied, and its crucifixion determined upon." •„,'

Now why the enemies of that much berated, but much desired piece of paper the gieenback,—here pe»sonified as a victim of persecution,—should select the old Roman custom of crucifixion, instead of the equally painful practice of hamging, or rather choking to death, which is now the modern American custom for exterminating criminals, it would be dillicut I think to explain. I submit that it is a slight anachronism to connect the year 1S66 with the anc punishment of crucifixion. ,1 quote again:

"Not satisfied with its trial and vindication at the bar of the highest tribunal in the land, its enemies subjected' it to a Congressional drum-head court martial in 1875, and passed sentence of death upon it to take effect January 1, 1879."

It appears that the victim was taken out of the hands of the civil authorities after a trial in which it or lie was acquitted, and subjected to a court martial of military congressmen—probably southern brigadiers, of whom we hear so much,— and was by this court martial condemned to death. I

"But the people still loved the greenback. It was their declaration of inde pendence it represented popular.sovereignty. It was the legitimate offspring of American independence.

Around it clustered a thousand memo ries dear to every American heart In the darkest hours of our history, when the haughty tyrant, gold, had deserted us, and locked himself in his gilded Wall street den, the greenback fell at our feet like manna in the wilderness, bringing with it hope, strength and victory."

The reader will note with what facility and felicity the able editor drops one metaphor and takes up another—first the greenback was an individual, then a paper document, then a representative persdff, then again a child born in wedlock, and finally it was manna falling in the wilderness. "Gold was a tyrant. To all nations who acknowledged allegiance to his sceptre, he said, "So far shalt thou go and no further," and they had to obey.

Ove- his authority and decrees, the people had no control. Not sa with the greenback. It was democratic in every respect. It was far more powerful than gold, for its volume could be increased to meet any emergency."

There seems to be a contradiction here in terms: Ii the greenbacks was more powerful than the tyrant gold, why does not it or he oust the tyrant and wrest his sceptre from liim? Probably it wag because "its volume was not increased to suit the emergency." I hope, however that it" it ever does inflate in that way it will be more-successful than the frog in

the fable which tried the experiment with a fatal result. '"Its patriotism and lovalty^were above suspicion, for it was native American, a child to the manor born, while gold was an alien, owing allegiance to the world in general and to no state in particular."

This I submit has a slight taint of knownothingi»m, and does injustice to our naturalized citizens, in insinuating hat patriotism and loyalty belong exclusively to those born here. But want of time compels me to shorten my review of this remarkable production of your contemporary, and I pass on to the concluding paragraphs. "No one wants gold. The tyrant is snubbed in his own house. It is not needed by the advanced civilization of our republic. The money of the world is as repugnant to the American mind as are the governments of the world."

I take exception to the statement here made, and hasten to assure the editor of the Express thit the writer and several of his friends are especially i.i need of gold at this time to fill their depleted exchequers, and will consider it a particular favor if he will convey to them, in fee simple,*' -all the surplus gold and I may add silver too, that he may be possessed of and finds burdensome. Narres may be had 0.1 application at the office of the GAZETTE.

The concluding paragraph reads thus:. "The only thing we now have to do is to make it universal by putting down rll rivals, and guard it, that its control does not pass from the hands of its creator, the government."

There is an obscurity about the meaning of the writer here which is particularly perplexing. I have pondered over it as one would over a knotty problem and have been obliged to give it up in despair. Can you help me out Mr. Editor?

Seriously and badinage aside what is the object and meaning of this sentimental poppycock How did the greenbacks originate and what are they

When in the year 1862 it was found that the war of the rebellion was a much heavier contract than was at first expect" ed, it was determined to add largely to our army, and in order to do this it was necessary to have money. The treasury was empty, money could not be got from the banks on loan, and the 6ale of bonds was a slow process at that time. The government concluded to make a temporary forced loan by issuing paper money to meet her indebtedness and making this paper a legal tender in payment oi all debts. This paper money contained upon its face a promise to pay real money to the bearer, but the time was not specified. It was paid out by the government in exchange for military stores, food, and clothing for our armies and to the soldiers tor their services. Now "when an a individual borrows a sum of monej from

a friend for a short time, ho usually gives him an I. O. U. or memorandum of his indebtedness. If this should remain a long-time uncalled for in the pocket book, or money drawer ot the friend, he would naturally ask the borrower to pay the debt, or give a regular interest bearing note for the amount. This is just what the advocates of specie payments ask the government to do, to take tip the greenback I. O. W. and give the holders specie or interest bearing bonds fn exchange.

"EVERY DAY LIFE." Arising in the morning, almost the first thing to be thought of is matketing or getting the necessaries of life and should any one of the family be troubled with Coughs. Colds, Inuenza, Hoarseness, difficult breathing, or any affection of the thr'oat, bronchial tubes or lungs, leading to Consumption, a supply of that household necessity, known as HALE'S .HONEY OF HOREHOUXD AND -j :V TAR, ... which* brings strength to the harassed rame, wearied and jaded by a hacking rough, must next be obtained. Ask that. iresh, bright, rosy-cheeked girl, who but a few weeks ago, was lying helpless on her bed, with a hect'c flush about making its appearance on her cheeks ask her what restored her to her long nights of balmy sleep, renewed strength, and a final scattering of that cough that was dragging her down to her grave. Ask her what physician was so successful in her case, which seemed to baffle medicine and to defy the many alluring and tempting morsels which anxious hands prepared for her to smooth her journey from this life. Ask her who was the benefactor, and her eyes, speaking volumes, will brighten, her rosy Hps will open, while the words warble from her mouth in tones of melody, "Hale's Honev of Horehound and Tar." Sold by all druggists at 50 cents and $t per bottle. Great saving by buying large size.

Pike's Toothache Drops ctif^ in one minute.

EXPLOSION OF POWDER WORKS. San Francisco, Jan. 14.—The giant powder works of Bandmann, Wilson & Co., situated about half a mile southwest of Golden Gate park, blew up this afternoon. Four white man and an unknown number of Chinamen were killed the works were completely destroyed, and many buildings in the neighborhood, occupied by employes, including tne superintendent's residence, wrecked. The explosion occurred in the nitro glycerine house.

POSTMASTER ARRESTED. Cincinnati, Jan. 15.—John Back, postmaster

of Frenchburg, Ky., was arrested

yesterday, charged with rifling valuable letters.

wards

is alleged he had broken up

of thirty letters within the last three months.