Terre-Haute Journal, Volume 6, Number 11, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 9 December 1853 — Page 2

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Jtiitf oiintaL

I DECSfeCBER 9,18&3.

1 A

VOLj IDENT'S MESSAGE. ..'ZZxtv of the HmaU and

TUB* Bout of Rtpretet&dm*. t« mum**** with which the people of th* WILLIAM^P^ the *membUag ofCoogresa, ~£lmeof, on that occasion, os the duupon Anew President,!* ooeofthe rer «l* g( their capacity to real ire the

If paid *°d symmetrical. While tbe O* No j**ocbee of the government in, to are paid, eetent,, iodepeodent of eecb other, the 4), alike, lure direct referenc* to th* Oae 8q**i power. Fortunately, under tht* sysBach «WH»an is so high, and none ao hamUe, in

J-T LHn.if public station, to escape from tbe SB _i.. of to b« exempt from the re*ponmbiliQi til official function* imply, the justice and intelligence of the ("id a government thai organized, I* the

Nance of tha confederacy, and tha only

TT for honest and earnest devotion to it* teste*** against tha usurpations and accroach power on tha ooa hand, aod tha espial*, c»f p*»ouai ambition on tha other.

Immm nterest, of which have tpokoo, is

pfffi.T**ble

from ao inquiring, self-governing

fer*i*a*ii»ity,.but stimulated, doubtless, at tbe f«3*7 lf(N| tima, by tba unsettled condition of BabfoM«l*t'ons with *everal foreign powers by obligation* resulting from a sudden

Bay lub'Ou of tba fieil of enterprise by the and a«b*»with. wbicb that fie'd baa been entered Shawl*. _j9 gjmxiug energy with wbicb ita re-

Wao}

for meeting tha demand* of humanity halt n«*Wen developed. *w» "Plough disease, amumingat one time tba ®e3t Q^teriatic* of a wida spread and deva*t»« *etilence, baa left ita tad tracaa upon

Broaden l*wtion* of our coootry, wa have atill www, «iifWt abundant cauaa for reverent thankis to God for an accumulation of signal wmu, showered u|xn ua aa a nation. It ia

WH!w*b'1

b*t consciousness of rapid advanceand increasing atrangth ba habituallya»yUd with an abiding *ense of dapendaoca aiMk O1 him who holds in hi* band* tba destiny and of natlona. VeaaTl,s,«cogHiaing th» wiadom of tha broad prin* of aheolute religious toJaration proclaim' fUmMiti our fundamental law, and rejoicing in aotleiiad benign influence which it baa exerted u»*»ur toclal and political condition, I abould -ink from «i clear duty, did I fail to oxpre* 1853 dee past conviction, tbat wa can placa no •uro raltanca upoo any apparent prograaa, Fanct ba not auatainad by naUooal intagrity, ting upon tba graat trutba affirmad and uatratad by dirina revelation* In tba rAUUUat of our sorrow for tha afflicted and ring, It baa beeu consoliug to aea bow

Tmtn

Th* fomptly dlaastar mada trua neighbor# of diaT«m

ftnd

citiea leparatad wldaly from aacb

'"Khar, and cheering to watch tha atrangth of tat oommoti bond of brotherhood, wbicb of tbia Union,

rntae*,) l.JJjtliitaa all hoarta, In all parts than danger threatens from abroad, or oalamty Impends over ua at home. 5 Our diplomatic ralationa with foreign powers bava undergone oo easential change slnoa

Jihe adjournment of the last Congress. With teome of thern, question* of a disturbing Character arc still ponding, but there are good reasons to baliera that theae may be amicably adjusted.

For some yean |aat. Great Britain baa ao construed the first article af the convention of the 20th of April, 1818, In regard to the tiaheriea of the northeastern coast, as to ox* elude our cUitona from soma of our fishing ifraund* to which they freely resorted for noarly a quarter of a century subsequent to the ((ate of the treaty. The United Statee have never acquiesced in that construction, but have always claimed for their fishermen

tha rights which they bad ao long enjoyed without moleetation. With a view to remove all difficulties on tba subject, to extend the right! of our fishermen beyond the limits fix4 ed by tha convention of 1818, and to regulate trade between the United States and the British North American Provinces, a negotiatlon has baan opaued, with a fair prospact of a favorable result. To protect our flahermen in the anjovment of their rights, and prevent collision between tbam and the

British fishermen, I deemed it expedient to •tation a naval fore* ia that quarter during tha fishing season.

Sntbarrasslng questions have also arisen b«tween th© two government* in regard to Central Amarica. Oreat Britain has proposed to settle iheoi by an amicabla arrangement, and our Minister at London is instructed to enter into negotiations on that subject.

A commission for adjusting the claims of our citixens against Great Britain, ami those of British subjects against the United States ortfaniiod under the convention of the 18th of February last, now sitting in London for the transaction ol business.

It is In many respects desirable that the boundarv line between the United States and tha British province* in the northwest, aa designated in the convention of the 15th ol June, 1846, aod especially that part, which separate* the territory of Washington Irom the British possessions of the north, *houldbe Uaced and marked, therefore present the subject to your notice.

With France our relations continue on the moat fiiendly footing. The extensive commerce between the United States and that country might, it is conceived, be released from aoroe unnecessary restrictions, to the mutual advantage of both parties. With a view to this object, some progrtw has been made iu negotiating a treaty of commerce and navigation.

Independently of our valuable trad* with Spain, we have important political relatione with her, growing out of our neighborhood to the Island of Cuba and Porto Rico. I am happy to announce, that since the last Congress no attempts hi

thorn ed expedition* against either movement all the meana oualy exerted occurrences in the vieioity our citisens Considering aur shore*,—lying, our trade betereen liaa,—and the suspidous vigilance with whkh foreign iatoROwee, partieuhrty that with the United Statee, there gu*«Jed, a of each occurrancea may well be it a« diplomatic iatereoutee ia allowed betw#«B our coesul at Havana and the G»|*Mn General of Cuba, ready ha made, or prompt redrea* aftww» where iajnry hat wwmlted.

AU eempkint i» the part of e# cMisMt. uoder the arrangeeaeot, most he in the wet »vamment« aadi thea again refetfs it to

uod«r the arrangeeaeot, mw

mittad ia oar diplomatic cernwpoodanee with the Spaoiah goranuacBt, aa aariy aa March, 1847 and one of my predaceaaori, hi* aanaal oaaaaaga of that year, rerommriwWl that pwr» kn ihoald be mada for tta ^payaast. Ia Jai«ary but it waa Main mbsmad to Coagraaa by tha Eaacotire. It haa raeafrad a £a*oc*bie modffltko by eoBuoittaaa ff both bnu»ch«*, bat aa t« there haa bean no kl action apoo I yitm ita pnwnpt a4r preaeat it to yoar eariy aod favorable ffUHftdffWtM'#

caiair* that food faith aatmast, and 1 pre (tbii

Martin Kousa, a Haagarlan by birth, came to tbia eooatry in ltBO, aaa declared hia utuxsuon, ia doe form of lav. to becwae a eitixts the United Htatea. After retaainin* here nearly two yean, be Ttattod Tnrkey. While at Smyrna, ba waa forcibly seised, Ukcs on board aa Atutnaa brie of war, then lying ia the harbor of that pjjiee,ead there eooaaed ia irooa, with the avow ed dt*i|o to take h'm into the doaniafama of Aa*triaT 5»r Cooaal CwnUBtiiMpb in

at SmrruM.

?*ere

aad kgaiUea' hia r*feue, b«

ibetjr eflnrta were While thua «m4, Commander Ingraham, with the Unitad Statee ahip of war St. Loui*. arrived at StajroM, aad, after inquiring into the eircamataacea the

£e

loth* coeelaaioathatKoaata waa eati-

Oed to the protection of thi« gvrsnm*nt. and took energetk aad prwiapt mea*a«a for hie mease.

Under aa arraafeawfat between the agents of the United ftiate* and of AaMria, he waa traaa(err*d to the eaatody of «be Fw»eh cwa*ol-«et*-ral at Smyma there to remain until be ahoaM i* di«po*«d of by the mutual agreement of the eoaaaw of tha reepective fo»ernment* at that pUcr. Purotiant tbtl igrtwawi, be hm* bceo nd«aa«d, and i* now on hi* way to tha United State*. Tba Emperor of Austria haa a»ade the conduct of «mr officer* who U«ok part in thi* transaction a aobjert of grave complaint- He

rdinir

Kneeta aa at ill bi* aid»ject, and claiauag right to him within the limit* of tba TurkUh empire be ba* demanded of tht* governmeat ita consent to the aurrouder of the pri^ Miner, a disavowal of the aeu of ita agrata, aad •auwfaction f«r the alleged outrage.

After a careful consideration of tha case, 1 f.M. to tha conclusion that Kosata waa setied without lsaal authority at Bmyrtta that he was wrongfully detained on board of tha Austrian brig of war that, at the Urn* of his saiaure. was clwthad wifb the nationality of tha United States, and that the acta of our officer* tha circumstaacaa of the case, were

tba Emperor For a more fnll account of this traasactwu and my views in regard to it, 1 refer to tha ©orre*poadence between the charge d' affaires of Ausrge

State. which is hcre-

iria aud th* Secretary of with trausmittad. The principle* and powcy thereto maiutained ou tha pan of tbe United Btatta, will, whenever a proper occasion oceure, be applied aud enforced.

The condition of China, at this time, rendets it probable that some important change will oocur in tbat va*t empire, which will lead to a more unrestricted intercourse with it The cummmtoaer to that oountry, who has been receotlv appointed, is instructed to avail him*ealf of* all occasions to open aod extwd our commercial relations, not only with the Empire of China, but with other Asiatic nations.

Ia 1862 an expedition was sent to Japan, under the command of Commodore Perry, for the purpose of opening commercial intercourse with that island. Intelligence has been received of his arrival there, aud of bis having m«de known to the Emperor of Japan, tbe object of bU visit But it is not yet ascertained how far the Emperor will be disposed to abandon hi# restrictive policy, and open that populous country to a commercial intercourse with the Uaited Statee.

P»«-

Cuba for taveetign*

wllmI au&ee i* Cuba and imatMMMm aa ana***

tioa. and poetKMM* as aaewer tiU the ha* Iteard fVom theae authoritia*. To avoid thaw irritating aadrexatio«daay«, apet^tioa hae been made to wovide for a N***1 for »ed»m te the ***"*,£? mL in behalf of oar fellowitii««a. fiftherto thegoveneaeaAof Spain ha* enter into any snch anangteaaat fltto

mpww to CStit^WWl »i -T111 •.

atenMacd tar ineflectoal. IT

i, bat

«wrtaa» at fawaatry, «U th« flntah* fummal »a» «Siin of eedatr. memr^r «f tt^'ttMCiean Mttmcr a* t»e aettaa, aaC Am* ia« vtiai «T 1» betaj a»a IU jp*tae •.

Of the prsetScaleoeaeqaeeeea which flew *«b the aasai« the federal fovemraent, the prd»ni&arr duty of adaiaistennc arith istefnty aad fidelity the high traat reMwd in by the eoadiuaiofl, eapeeially in t» aMiIinruMi rf P°blie faada, a diawn by taxation from the paople, aad tonwriitid to specific object* by Coagreisa. HanpUr I have ao oecaaion to aaggeat any raoiodenaaee* ia tha finaaciai polky id the jovemBwst. Om atmoat. if mat ab«oltrtely, the »oiitarr powar of Chruarndam having a aorploa rrrctrae drawa iemediataly fnmuajportaoaeoaaw«e aad therefore mmmmd by the «po«ta»^oaa «rtefi*i*e aad aatumal ow^ienty of the countrr, with *uch iadirect rHatios to Wfnealbv«, manufacture*, aad the prodacta of earth ud mm. as to violate ao eoaamxttioaal doctnae.

aad vet rigorously promote the general welfare.. Neither aa to tha source* of tha public treaaew, aortothemaaacrof keeping aad managing it, does any grave eoatrerway now prevail. Uwve being a general acqaieaeaee ia tha wiadosa of the preseul »rste«.

The report of the Secretary of tha Tiea«nr wul'exhuit, ia detail, tha state of the publie fi aaactw, aad tha condition of the variooa branchca of the pabik service admiaistared by that depiitmcat of Um govmuMBt

TUm NTEAUE of Th* coootry, UtW

Of theae objects, tba first has baaa the course ol accomplishment Id manner and to a dearee tiifift'Ty The amount of the public all classes, waa, oo the 4th of

I85.l', sixty-nine million oae hundred and ninety thousand and thirty-seven dollar*, payment* ou account of which bare been made, amce that pe. riod, to the amount of twelve million seven hundred aad three thousand three hundred and twenty-nine dollar*, leaving unpaid, and ia the continuous counte of liquidation, the »em of fifty six million four huudred and eighty six thousand seven hundred and eight dollar*. These payments, although made at the market price of the respective classes of stocks, have been effected readily, and to the general ad vantago of the treaiury, aud have at the same time preved of signal utility in the relief they have incidentally afforded to the money market and to the industrial and cwmmwcial pursuit* of the

It has been my earnest desire to maintain friendly intercouase with the governments upon this continent, end to aid them in preserving good understanding among theroselve# With Mexico, a di«pu«o bat arisen ~T" nQw taW and especially such

,0.,herl^iTil7J,n:^7b"\S!?^!in

Thara af* *U» «M«*r auaiUoa* »f eo*rtd*r*W* n»*»attuda bendlM tatwoa* wa iwo repaMk-a. Oar mlaMer a fc. ...» a., I aat fcf a *aat is* Aft kmtf Hh A

»Ua rt^ill. wHh ihft ImporUnca vf walalalnlu minble talaUon* »Wh that rapahlte, aad of rUUitnx with liberality U» all her JaM «tal«M, II to Shla to thai a* ir»u|»BWl antMlIf «a^u*f» itOT u« bulk rvunUlca bm ba poocluJ»J,aBi a laMlat friead*hlp balw*aa U»«» cwnSrmad aad .. t«wnw baviuf »rv*id*d (tor a n»U nMonle tha SlaW* «f t'aatral Aiaarlea, a winter ea» wot ihlthar la Jatr mm. A* vol ha haJ Uua vWiooly oo*a( lhci« Staiea, (Nicaragua,) whai* h* ww reeelvad hi iha

paM-

mmm. It to hoped that hia prataace aad

te^reuy toaSSd

(MiaMMMKM.

C°The^iwe«od

ritory of New Mexico and tbe Mexican produced in the country, commen commissioner,. ^.««.ii,i ami emuuleiv State of Chihuahua. A former of the United Stales, employed in running that line pursuant to tha treaty of Ouadalupe! Hidalgo, made a serious mistake in determining the initial point on the Kio Grande, but, inasmuch a his descision was clearly a departure from the direction* for tracing tbe boundary contained in that treaty, and not concurred in by the surveyor appointed on the pert of the United States, whoso concurrence wai necessary to give validity to that decision, this government is not concluded thereby but that of Mexico takes a diflenent view ot the subject.

ICKKI aBra »lU b*t* a tci«o altert In rompo^a* lh« dtMaeaio&s «W«h prevail mmang th*ai. aad In •sUWlahlu «uii extra lnUiaata aad rrteadljr retaUoaa Utam aad batwean *a«h of U«i» aad th* CeMdc^afth* v»*t rviteaa of UjtacoaUaeat. *ad U* aaaitar oflha tia^a w\l(k we«W he «'. »tc»*«iWa hjr tta fte* aavijalloa of tha rtvw A»*i lUttliM kM |l»*t l» UiU wkuM tarrttena* It pa«**a lato th* «e**a.''«ih«lo p*r*l*t«d ia a pet»t* mlrutlve. ia iv*attl to tta aa* Jrf Utl» rt v*r. to obstruct, aad »**rtr«ttlah h»i|» cemwcrdal taimear** with tta *Ut*a which lie apwa ita t»ih«t*rtM a»J upper braacMa. Oar aMaitatw te that toaatry ta 1 frontiir relations of tbe counuy and th* oon to ®*e, and** propar dition of the Indian tribes at ths interior of naida. thU gnat aalarat hi«hwty h»r latematioaal.

cr^-.-sr h« Wutk ef i*s*ia n«. iiaportaat t* h* a|rleeltaral Mer.*l**» tha Vm \mi JWH. to. |*w

Me aiiflketU** aw *sp«i

jsrMaaBsatfs&aa^c

tartaaault th* ha*

iwini

T*»» I

tieeUiet *a*h eaaef the Watea, li* taSifcStteeja, lt«. eJdeel eeated Md it* W«f. *h*w V* MM a*h» *a «f*d *HW the

kSwhWh

e.^eu^aea. T»

I.»t».

ndtlu|twtw«*

without erne two «w«rtm*|' *«.

JVr seeeml J*(*» 3f*&» h** been e»JHaf_ «•!*,»«»»»*»*•*

teafee af »»lty aad *t MMtaal «»•**a*e «d lia*, *»terw Tte

ttape^tea* tta Hfehtl*

Ha iWaMla e« laeta c»mi**htadlve

hew

are' eew aa• ™maa'taef ^ee^ hk WWk asw asaiah »1 aa«e leea «t* ta p*w»y,. I he ad a a a a 1^, eT the

la haeiem. I*

lash. draahee hn* mm tfMmaiM tW thw*aea *«ate» heee «va«* t, wrtb reatrea* reicbiwg te Saw** eajm aai aa tta enher *e 4Wiw wa*e el

ad Ma Itmaifcaedtla

I «m #*th «mMM* ef th»

mThf m* |rt*H«re* *?'mats eW*. •SSSSSLET

,«e »«w I a» rata^«a* »etth* CeMMflkMHK.

iwwffati*n|Tl—- unypiMdii.

SS&Mteoeteaa*

of the above-mentioned ol^eet*

that of the reduction of the tariff, is of great importance, and the plan suggested by the Secretary ef the Treasury, which to reduce tube duties on certain articles, and to add to the free

a* eater uito manufactures, and are n^UrgJjj

caadid and careful consideration. will find in the report of the Secretary ofj the Treasury, also, abundent proof of the entire»

to YOU] You

ou will find in the

the Treasury, also, aDuuavm pi adequacy tbe present fiscal system to meet alt the requirements of the public service, and that while properly administered, it operate* to the advantage of th* community in ordinary busioc«a relations.

I respectfully aak your attention to sundry ttuggcetioae of improvements iu the settlemetit of accounts, especially as regards the large sums of outstanding arrears due to the government, and of other reform* in tbe administrative action ot hi| department, which are indicated by the Secretary as also to the progreea made in the construction of marine hospital*, custom houses, aad of anew mint iu Cauforaui and assay office in the city of New York, heretofore provided for by Ooagretie aod also to the eminently HC(«aral progrea* of the coast survey, and of the light House Board.

Among tbe objects meriting vour attention will bo important recommendations from tbe Secretaries of the War and Navr. I am fully satisfied that the navy of tbe United States ia new in a condition of strength and efficiency commensurate with the magnitude of our commercial and other internets and commend to your especial attention tbe euggMtioQs on this subject made by the Secretary of tbe Navy. I respectfully submit tbat the army, which liuder our system must always be* regarded with the higheet, interest as a nucleus around which tbe volunteer forces of the nation gather in the hour of danger, requires augmentation, or modification to adept it to the present extended limits and

t^e

cantinent the neeeeaity of which will ap-

u^tSSS pear in the communication, of the Secretath* tad It la ta«*«aaw* to atp^t th«ir

War and the Interior.

ce-o'patilh-a la tM« mmmm la th* a4alal«twlio«. .af th. Pert 0««a Uep^t*w*t

tta ft*e iv aJIT»M^T.t»'al aad tt* ire** receipt* danac U* *aai* ilMKalMNliW. Te_»ta* M*re«wrwawa a rort, two th a-a»J #T»a haadrrd

Wd #ht 1. «.t rmw*. tap»d dal fratd aet'y. asw rewmrve all a»»*a«»a»y r»»«»wv» a. at».a th. Ita^eavtaefa rivet, whleh wa*et**» m*»T aad «ea a »*rt ef i»ae«attaMi a«a latamm e* UM 1 wpaV* Parmeay and!** Aifenua* have »**#rd aa tt» i»i»«*I p«dWy mui re-

4 trap Is aad a* pctiod. tva ml I Son

aad

aed thtrtf toer dellam *hewia« that th* owwat reva to mart th* carrvst tr|um of the d*pa»ttnaet V* th* Miat ef tw.. mllll a tortT «wo t&««caad •ad thlrtr twe dollar*. Tta catavaa which, aa^ar the ptea at p. la.

mi« pe taf a*»«*» aa4 law., leaTiwaiy re*vlt ai* (ally aaplatacd by th* Matdar ea* cam* helag the rate* th* meat baa tan ca»p*ll*d te eay hr ***li **rvi 4«r*d by railreed eempaete*.

Htvic* n«

Th* eshlMt la tt* repwt of U* F"t»a*« at the laceaM *ad Hymlt re* ta tea*d partiealarty latetewla*. aad ef a ch»r*cta* te tta teuaedtu* acUea o11

,, tiia|nn Na*«n« aa* «r*«e* apMi tta rvaaien hnw Mt* h**K« te UgH waa*» tha Mm y*«. «di» aawa wtaa-e.*. itemedpewihm»*i* wJUted h*aa*r *«h«n, ha»e e*eap*e. thmath ttiV el »a*rwa« idmw wairaei inaoMme^acwe* af«e ft^rrnms

•aae^faa.

aed aaeaa

tarraaa eSeef pettt^' aed atOee. to the^vat *aa-, Th* wa«aa*aw tetaeleeta th*

»a*na» er ta twin— weiMt

atimtHMK. £)SSSS£

a*a*ww

aaa Tta

«*fc».aee

e**a*'tr N*

'Tta |**e*r«y fear are*

[aedamcd

latacimtet aad ^J«aaUf

t«re«« ed UW*'

wa*« a*miei af

eatstaaeaf at 0htt

a a a

actaef Hep* M. aad

*«4 a great I tar »s,^«J*aa*»«*. *aa%tat a b*al ef «**,**••«•*• .aa*. wtlhj ft ieheWeee* t*l n»*e*«ha*wdX

«'ZZZSXVSRS.'SS a«ta

th* ioanUMttee eT tw» mhm tt mUW *r ttetoiai^rf 4trita*ctrcaewtiiarw. Una tj^rfla^w anctiwrftkewem. a «eca grwit* ta^* fcr. t«~— gut« ia which U* »«A» mi* iocate*.

The Uhccal •firit wMch b*» ae Imc ss«rt«a Uaa ef Co gttm la sttsUea letts OUtrtt Ms viU,ltans*taM,w*ii*Mlite

In"

aeasibly to tha tax payer, gwa on frora year to rear increasing beyo*id either the ibUiuU or the productive wants of the goveraaieat.

At the cloae of the fiscal year eadiat Jaaa 30. l8o£J, there remained ia tha treasury a wuaace of fourteen twtUi"" via hundred aad thirty-two thousand one hundred aod thirty -el* dmhura. Tha public revenue for tha fiscal year ending June 30.1853, amount to fifty-eiaht milboa mne hundred and thirty-ooa thousand eight hundred and sixty-five dollars from custom*, and two millions four hundred and five thouaaad aeven hundred and eight dollars from public lands aad other miscellaneous sources, amouiOiag together to sixty ooa mill too three hundred and thirtyseven thousand fire huadred aad savetAy-foar dollars while tha public eapeoditufea lor U» «uae period, aarciuaive of paymoata oo account of the public debt, amotiated to forty-three mil a ia tliAitaaaii fl

tV w.t«oe at sat safla** fer ths Mci edCehi«ih*s,sai theswy —A »**1 «4^ the V* tad 8UX". haa tan aoSKWhat MaiiM, hjr Uw (r**t iMiiM for sMKtaU u4 hWr.aiHai tha mn 1*4 hill r««**r .Uoa foe thr rec |(M ttoMiis ef satrtver «ta sr than tha Wt reaSMS te hctav*,

Jnn

le jctatiaa to *s astara awl U*ts tfwtam, that tt will «ru*« aa Aijlaia »eat hsliiliaa aa4 atticted claw »t nftim, *Ua4 as ana »*«t ef wiataB aaS manir.

C.4ar tha art eT C«anaa A*«utf

moi

^XXT««fivrhTnda4d'^^ Justifiable S hundred and sixty-two dollar* leaving a lalaace the public coaiwenrr,

•yrr'.sril S 3? -^S.'^ "r^

Wam«. the subiret of aazious conaidcraUoo

ry, tweame the subject at a verv early period of my administration, ami the pat£ of duty in regard twit aeemedto me oovio^uandclear, namely MU apply the^plus reveeue to tha diachargeof the publie debt, so far aa it could ba iudu-ioualy dona tod secondly, to devi»e means for the gradual reduction of the revenue to the standard of public exigeo-

5l!f

tta oalr *1b, calcetatad arcer* pa aueaatly tb* oMact aoeght, wi that which ceetatnpUtta takln th* vitrfffM tha Oraat F»IU of tta Piitau, *a4 cenaeaavaUr.1 (*Te

«M»roT»!-

Fee the procraaa and praceet c«a4lte* oi lht« Imp**taal wart, aa3 fort a4*«aaaa, ao tor aa ap* tie toacirwari, I rtfcr r« *h« rapart ef ha Secretary

Tba present judicial systam of tha United Statee has now been ia operation for aa long I a period ol tima, and has, in ita general theoI nr and much of its details, become so familind acquired so entirely modified in any those particulars

tffi relation, the^rganixation of the courts is now coufessedly ioadequete to tbe duties to he performed by them in eooswueact of which, tbe Statee of Florida, Wiscoasia, Iowa, Texas, and California, and districte of other States are in effect excluded from tbe full beoe6u of the general system, by the functions of the circuit court being devolved on tbe district judge* in all those States or part# of States.

The spirit of the Constitution and a due

regard to justice require that all the States of tbe Union should be placed on the aame footing in regard to the judicial tribunal*, therefore oommead to your consideration this Important subject, which, iu my judgment demands the speedy action of Congress. 1 will present to you, if deemed desirable, a plan whioh I am prepared to recommend, for the enlargement and modification of the present judicial system.

The act of Congresa establishing tbe Smithsonian institution provided tbat the President of the U. S., and other persons therein designated, should constitute an establishment by that name—and that the rnemben should hold stated aud special meeting* for the supervision of tbe affairs of the institution. The organization not having taken place, it seamed to me proper tbat it should be effected without delay. This has been done and an occasion was thereby presented for inspecting the condition of the institution, and appreciating ita successful progress thus fsf, and ita high promise of great and general usefulness. 1 have omitted to ask yoar favorable consideration for the estimates of works of a local character in twenty-seven of the thirty-one Statee, amounting to 1,754,500, because^ independently of the grounds which have ao often beau urged against the apolicatiou cf the federal revenue for works of this character, inequal1ty with consequent injustice is inherent in the nature of the proposition, and because the plan has proved entirely inadequate to the accomplishment of the obje4li sought

The subject of internal improvement*, claiming alike the interest and |ood will of all, haa, novorthelem, been the basis of much political discussion, and has Btood as a deep graven line of divisiou between statcameu of eminent ability and patriotism. Tbe rule of strict construction of all power* delegated by the State* to the general government hsa arrayed itself, from time to time, against the rapid progress of expenditure from the national treasury ou works of a local character within the States.

Memorable as an epoch in the history of this subject ie tbe message of President Jsokson, of the 27th of May, 1830, which met the system of internal improvement* in iu comparative infancy but so rapid had been its growth, that the projected appropriations ia that year for works of this character had risen to tha alaniuing amount of more than one hundred millions of dollars.

In that message the President admitted the difficulty of bringing back tbe operations of tbe government to the construction of the constitution set up in 1798, and marked it as an admonitory proof of the necessity of guardiagthat instrument with sleepless vigilance against the authority of precedent*, which had not the sanction of iu most plainly dafined powers.

Our government exists under a written campact between sovereign Stale*, uniting for

riUgeneral

cific object*, aad with specific grants to ir agent. If then, in theprogras* of administration, there have been departure* from the terms and intent of the conpact, it is and will ever be, proper to refer back to tbe fixed standard which ear fathers left us, end to make stent effort to conform oar action to it. It would seem that the feet of a iffioctple having been resisted from the may of the wisest and moat patriotic of tbe republic, and a policy bavin* provoked strife, without arriviag at a comclusioo whkh can be regarded aa smtiafisctery to its moat eamrst advocates, should suggest the inquiry whether there may not be a plao ^likely to be crowned by happier mult*. %v

first men

Without perceiving any sound dittinctioo, or intending to assert anv principle aa oppoted to improvement* seeded for the protect woof internal commerce, which doe* aot piy to improvement* upon the the protection of foreign coatmerce, I satait teyov whether it may aot aafeljr be antkapeted tha^ if th* poiior wara opoh aettlad against acpropriatioea by the general guvsrumaat for lent improveeaaata for tha Waeit of commarea, loealitiea requiyitag expeoditarea would not, bv meaas ckariy aod legituaataly prop*, nise the fund aaeesaanr foe *m& cautmotioea ea tha safety or ether inter art* of their commerce might require.

of all the

aeetattea af tta laad n*M*

we* ef ta th* Hdwil uaaawy. I

w,mmim

US., iiieee*i*if fee Wl3**

•r am

with

my daty to mit at

a aa Sdiitj neCaew* ti waeiilisBiina af tha qa*«ciira, «ilfc a hc^e

aeeM nadktioa, aad have tkmKBtd conflict bafcwaon

.to'^ 1 the aathorityof State and •a af i«u«ar. Tt} The neht to eootnxt a breakwater, jettr, or SSiSTS'^we «-S»4^2?|«iaa,would mtm, x*xxm*&r, to maf wfth ataaa ———•immmtii iwll OOBttWjHnHMT.tad iteiW* gr»jct«o Uad t« iMMinilM ef m» A-eK *aertet*a

the powar So, tiooT Th» can only be effecta^y dot» by haTiogjtiriad&^o«r4j»»iL Butx»claim of the coostitu'J island os which to teMthe cUimofthe Unilsd Statwto exewaaejanadktwa

•tii it11 isit rissrlsarc ih* t*r~v I 1 witare -i UMXiea,sa««rttt he&rirua *fc«^.«acaa»y»ns^t»^ gerwral govemmeot, the ng^x of aod feckless sc la&*ct slaw eauaaiaa a the yria not fir* bs obtained, and legislative paoCffii„i -i n.wtl—thsmea U- «tH»iBWva all aach caaes. ef jseJas ef aar ceaetrr- **•.t**f For tha ptogteas mada ia tha «onatra«Jt»oo of roada within tha territories Prided el*ae«2se«rtM^ dwe«whr.s sarlhtai missaeAt- jy

ftnpropriaUOQ

i^SS'SSra^Lforyoa to^EVWoTof tha Secretary of

War.

PabroaxT

If ^atoabsngiedbd as a system, which hi the experience of saora than thirty ymm haa at ao time ceanaagMiad the peine Hg* of a aeCtled

•H«t to giva it the character of polky, which, though to hae pi»4w*& *otbofmeidsdm|fortMMtalMi dad wHlhun expenditare quite d"ia|eopestk»aU to their valae,-and has reeulted i® a^aodertag lafg* saaas epea objects which

&S5 zsriz a a a a a a

Mrayaad laaiarimga piaa, wWefc,

of laJSt Coagraaa, I

Then ia oae subject of a domestic natttra, which, from it* iatrinaia imporUoce, and the many interesting questions of fixture policy which it involves, cannot fail to receive your aariy attention. I allude to the maaaa of communication, by which difareat parts 4

TC *ie«*i wide aipanae of our country are to be a- placed ia cloaer cwnectkm for purpoaaa, both

iT«JT?trZZf!f»«ia J*which have tan »»w. 1 of defence aad commercial intercourse, and With th* urge esparieeca fur.Uhed withia ihr t«* h-w

wpeetally

^J|!

Marc%X tW3s 4' W iW G,wgatewa aa abearfaat se^r ef mm tmt what* soma ««wr, tacaac air 4atr tha ratout aad pl«a« ef Um «xta«M whe ha* oup at th* aervefa aedortha »tt ir-t aam i. thataet,

suob ns appertain to tba CMB-

.h. —r. aad t~f«t W tha diviueos of tha Union, which lia on tha opposite side of tha Rocky Mountains.

That tha Government haa not baaa unmindful of thia heretofore, is apparent from tha aid it has afforded, through appropnatiann for mail facilities and other purpoaaa. But tha general subject will now praaont itatlf oodar aapoota mora impoeing aad mora

purely national, by reason of tha surveys dared by

Congrees, aad now ia the prooees of

completion, for communication by railway acroee the continent, and limits af the Unitad States.

Mil. aa repaired hj U* act. apprepria-

Uoa. The magaltad* of tha antarprlM cMUunplatcd baa areaaad, and Wilt do*bU*» coattao* t* "clle_« vary eeaeral

latara«l

throttghoat th*

iitMr aattat valor

tzUI* eT tt* f*a» at4 a* f»n ef

LUOn Oj IOT

The power to declare war, to raise aad eupport armiee, to provide and maiataia a navy, aad tocall forth the militia to execute the laws, aup preea insurrections, repel iavaaioaa, was red upoo Congress, aa meaas to provide Tor the common defence, aad to protect a terntorv aad a population bow widespread aad vastly taulUpied. A* incidental to and tadiapeaaable for the exerci*e of thi* power, it muet "f*0 mit to construct military roada aad protect aarbars of refuge. To appropriations by Ooagress for such objects, no sound objection* caa be reiaed. Happily for our country, it* pMcefel polxcj sad rapidly iucreaaiag population impoae upon ue ao urgent necessity for preparation, and leave bat few trackless deseeta between aaaailable point* and a patriotic people ever ready aad gea£aUy able to protect tham. Theae aeceaaarv link*, the enterprise and energy of our P*oole are steadily aad^boldly struggling to supply. All experience affirms that, where private enterprise

wifTavail, it moat wise for the general goyeramaat to leav* to that and individual watchrulaeaa the location aad execution of all meaas of communication.

Th* aurvtri htfoM atladsd ta, ware to*Uat* to ascartal* Ua meat prarUc.W. »»d *eoaon.Ual r««»» for a railroad fr. th* rlvar Mlaalulppt to th* Pacific oceaa. ParUe* ar* now la th* fl»W« laiklas aaploratioaa, »h«r* prevtoa* eiamlaaUooi had »et auppUcd aaOUaat data, and wfcra tb#r* W*r* th* tart raaaea* to hop* tba ohl*tt MMlSht oUgbt h* found. Th* aed time tala bothunUtad. tt i« ''Pf'." that *lt tha accurat* kaowicdg* doalred will ta obtala«I, but it hoped that macb aed lmportaai lal •rm»lioa will ta add*d to tW stock prevloaalr po*a*n«d. aed that parU*J. If not faU repett* ef tha aarvay* ordered wlU ba r»cei«*d ia U»* f*r twohoaataor CoagreM, oa or b. for* thanm Mondar lo

couatry.

Is It*

poliucal, it« t«aoircitl, *ad tta military taartaca. it aa* *«riid. great, aad tacreaalac claim* to toaridan tloe. Th* heavy npaui, th* *re*t time*, fatally atteodim irival by Wthar of th* IMhma* route*. hav« demoaatrated th* advaatafa wbicb Would raaa Irom laur teritortal cowmetlcarioa by Mich aaft aad rapid mcaea at a railroad would supply.

Thaaa dlBcultlea. which hav* b**a aecoaatMed ta a aartod ol ptMt,

weald

h* naaaifted aaJ atlll farther la-

craaaad iu tima of war. But wbllat the ambarra**maata already «BCoaat*re ,*ad other*

uadar a«w

coa-

Uaceeclw to ta anticipated, may aerv* xsszissxgzzszzEiiw5r b. ,« u» M* value, whaa weighed agalaai th*obllg*uou «ri«tljr ^on

I will only add, at praaent, that, fully »ppredating the magnitude of the subject, and solicitous that the Atlantic and pacific shores of the republic may be bound together by inseparable ties of commou interest, aa well aa of common fealtv and attachment to the Uuiou, I ahall be dlapoeed, so far as my own actiou is concerned, to follow the lights of the constitution, aa expounded and illustrated bv tbeee whoee opinions and expositions constitute the standard of political fkith in regard to the powers of the federal government It is, I trust, not neceeeary to »ay, that no grandeur of enterprise, and no present urgent inducement promising popular favor, will lead me to disre^erd thoee lights, or to depart from that path, which experience haa proved to be safe, and which is now radiant with the glow of prosperity aad legitimate constitutional orocrese. We can afford to wait, but wa oan-

not afford to overlook the ark of our security It ia no part of my purpose to give promineace to eny subject, which may properly be regarded as aet at rest by the deliberate judgment of the paople But while the preeeat is bright with promise, aod the future mil of demand and inducement for the exercise of intelligence, the past can never be without ireful laeeon* of admonition aad Instruction. If iu dangers aerve not aa beacons, they will evidently fail to fulfil the ohiect of wise dang*. Whea the grave shall have closed over all who are now end mvoriwr to meet the obligation of doty, th* r**r 1850 will be recurred to aa a period filled with anxious apprelwnsion. A successful war had just terreiaated. Peace brought with it a vast augmentation of territory. Disturbing questions arose, bearing upon the domestic iaeUtations of one portion of the confederacy, end tavolviag th* caantitational right* of the Slates.

But anteriUmfftoding differencea of opmioo aad aaotimant, which then exiatad in relation to detaila aad apesifte proviaiooa, the acauieecenoe of distinguished dtlaena, wboae devotion to the Vakm can n*ver be doubted, haa give fuaewed *i»r to our umtitutioim, aad raliwed aaaasa rape** aad aicwto to the mihUe miad throughout the coofodarary. That this repoee is to suffer ao shock during my afiotal term if I have power to avert it, thoee who plaead me hers may be seeurad. The wisdom of men, who know what indeeoat—who had jput all at eteke isueof tha revo&tkmary straggle of the eikject to which I refer, ia tha oalv way eonafcttat with Iha oafoa of td with the auuehof powwr wi^ch has laaie a* what we

giavee. or, tamga ""TT" Mkd wpaada, h^d casaad to partidfrnte acUvalyia public affaia, there wa* aat merely^ a

The tuaurrad pawma w*ta mxw feetad. X» nmneaiari pa* forth vfoesaaf daaeahAa jwtSSj hat the apirit of the compart was

wnataam by pewar aapofor to all obmaria*. By Baitread iwMoa^oaaalfoa whkh th* win* «t

irto ever fc* aar

td universal, to say thai thakaa^w^hl^|P^notom^

aad universal, mingled so often upon the ofiaa.aad who haw

Thc growth of our popaUtioo has

as. ia the destined career of oar national k^orj

revealed a law if steady program ve developinMt wkiaV mtv Ka rtatrtl. un mmhu

a pablkation ererr quarter oeatury. Carried

forward, from Ae point already reached, for only j"

.•erased duration of human life, known to in the p^n ot a ratra

MBtem Aaia to the Paeific ride of ou

pwpiaaww.

ssi".Tto to -r. vPPT

tined to swarm with the faat-growmg and

It is evident that a confederation ao vast and

Qf 0XerciS0

to adhrie to th* under the pressure of the motives of conceded

tba uowar it ceataf*. Wlthia teat of th* lot*r**lolih*govarea»*at ievelv*d,|l »»«w aaam both espediaat aodwopar. if *a eceaomteal aod practical roata •hall h* fuvad. te aid, by all coa«U a(ioa«l maaaa la tha ceMlructloa of a road, which II •ait*, by *pe*dy Uaaait.tha peputaUona oftb* raciftt and itlaatlc Stat**. To guard agaiaai n.t*coa**ptJo*, tt *hoalI he remarked, thai, although th* P«w*r tetoa•t act, or aid Ih tta coaHractloe of, road wiihia th* 1 mltn of territory aoi emb»rr*a**d by lb»t ef juiiadieUoa which woaW «ri-« tbia the limit* ol a

Wat*, it ia a« verth*laaa bald to ta ofdeabtfal "ttoortty*'a^td Aiirertl^ta^oM eaerciaa of th* f» more thaa doobtUi propriety. ev*a with a «f.a Hm,t. rt aaiawy^aom raated ta aaaa* mered air.Krs1 a.milar toartracilon, and therefor* that lu ceaaeitiea wiU a work ef thia character ahould be iatideaUl ratbwr thaa primary.

la nka maaaar, a'a «aaftMly •Ttha periMxeatiOu ofih* Uniow, and ef ihe tealiaaUua^ thai magaitccai nalioaal fotare advenad lo, do*« iha^daty bacoaw yearly arengtr and elaarer ap^a of the Mveral fuiaa, W ealuvaia a fralera^ ua i. laegaae* aad *»ndat. ta regwd lojKbar Btaiaa. aad ta t*Uti»a toth* varied latwtaf*, .m*iti*^M»* **J halHW of aeadaMai aad opimun. wbieh «aar.r«*prciiv*lr rbarat^eria* ibeai. Maiaal fartaareaea mtA tmfmt and

aeu liiterfcree** in oar aeraoaai *«da *a en araed neniat of the awt Idnwal peine^lea af «na U, ihapablMdecliag* ef 0tat* wHh W, whelh« la taeielaiiofl ar hi th* exeoatiaa ef l*ar», are th* ie p^petaata thai caotWeBea *nd iretereHy, the decay wh!T. a *Mra political aa«m, oa ea vw a «aaie, eeald aoi long *arviv*.

Instill another point of view, is, an linportant practical duty suggeeted by thia eonsidwation of the magnitude of dimenaiona, to whiea our political system, with ite correepoading machinery of government, is ao rapidly, expanding. With increased vigilance does it requif® cultivate tbe cardinal virtuea of puMic frugality and official integrity and purity. Public affair* ought to be eo ronductea that a Httlra coovietion ehall pwvade the enUre Union, that nothing *hort of the higheet tone and standard ef bfie morality mark* every part of theadminie-

public morality mar** every pert of the tratton ead legislation of th* geaeral govera meat. Thus will the federal system, whateva eapaaMon time and progreee may Jgivs it, coa Untie mote and wore deeply rooWT ia the love and eonAdenee of the people.

Th*t wlaa aceeemr, which la a* far rem*v*d (rem pj*£eay a* from cirrept aad c«^Ung«U.r^*c^ that *lagt* regard tor tta pahlic g^ed, which »ill few* apee *11 attempt* te *ppre*ch ih* treaMiy wtth iwddi •oa project, ef private, pretext*—th*t weed fiec*l aSmiaiaa.Ue*. which, I* tta l*«iaUtiv* d*p*rt«*et «*»rd».«S»'*» temptaUee* taclaeet te a* ev*r*ewbgg,iev*ae*, *ed, ia the aseceUv*. m*t«ula* **ala*iwa w*tchf*la**r agaia*t th* trnkto^cy ef *11 aaUeaal««peadlf.* te Uavag*aca—while they are •d«lw*d *i*m*marT|peilU cal d*ti*a, may, I treat. hUmnf ^?glT

Since the adjournment ef Oengrem, theVme PrMident of the United Statee haa paeeed from the scenes of earth, without having entered upon tha duties ef the station, te which he h*d M«e called by the voice of hi* countrymen. Haneg occupied, almost eoutmueusly, for mere than thirty years, a seat ia one er other ef the two HeJea of Oengreee, aad haviag, by hia singular parity aad w&dom, secured unbounded coai Seaee aad universal reepect, hm fhilma wae watched bj the nation with pamfal aolid tuda. His lorn te the eeaatiy, uoder all the eir cuiatsnees. hae been jw*ly tegardeil aa irropar able

tian of the oomillaiioa uatfl the ottears aad aeiea. h« *t*e reMtea^Mi^eM •oldiera'af the is»*hitoa had or, tluwa^k

to their

In compliance with the act of Coagrew of March 2, 1863, th* oath of oAee was ndmintstered to him on th* 24th of that month, rt Ariadne eatata, near Mantanaaa, In tha iataad of Cuba but hi* strength gradually declined, ied ttf kardlj ioSdc&t to kto to retan to his home ia Alabama, where, oa the eighteenth day of April, in the most calm and peaeafal way, his *a»lB*otly nsaful career was termiaated. tearlalataa *be^ teed*ar* ta y«««r ietai»l«r*et *ad auteO«d*«attee te MeyiMlc tatmedt.Md.lwt^icea

ead mwl whtehttf *-h»inW* teegUvaWta ii rit—— haeaenee e«

Txa flaa

Twa pnmnr ah© to Pa»tt.—Preaidei»t Piarca haa dona no one act thua far tcf forfeit tha ooafidaaoa cf a woglo Damocrou Poasaaaad of admirahla address—far-reaching Mgadty—ttawoatad firmnaat aad uniwerviag tha roccwaira

Add duriaa tha ordeala of an exciting canvas*—tha^ trying receatly borne period of tha office-hunting mania

in triamiA the flag of the country upoo a foreign ^td—the delicate ceremonies nil, will never permit aliaaataoa^oflfcding^to Lj^^th® critical duty of tha awaken the power of their uaited r€ott», aor m-1 adrisers, and of the ^reat bol tetaal diaaeathma to par^U»^ta«a«f

zZLi »v uiie*t« ceremonies of inaugara* duty of tha aalactioo of hia

sttbotdinaU

fkaedoaa, uplifted for the viadkaHoa of self-goT- am]aaM with high honor, recamng a» -namaat ,,... iTiVinan it ftw step to step tha warm aoku entaoa. Ia pi^diagVor the present, you can hut of the whole poopla. Well d«n hardly fail to a a or ad of he a an as a a the experience ef the past casta apoa the future. ©f ev«y honast heart. But hia fi«l

now

A_,

s, together with the probable 7.

ferring with themselves, by a TfuuTi^Iisaster amongst poliUcal friends, healty proceea of incorporaUoo, wlni There at least one oomforUble reof viigS, «d exuberant ^J^h dej- WjW Thjj*

stateTwill ^cenUnue 'to act with undi-1 malediction. And,

the presum aboveatatev. ..... miniahed effect, through at least the next half century, and that thouaa&da of peruana who have already arrived at maturity, and are now exercising the right* of freemen will do** their eye* on the spectacle of more than one

one hundred millions of population embraoed

within the majestic proportions of the Amen- j.

It is

can Uhkm. topic of (peculation that we pre**nt these

viewa for your consideration. They have

important practical bearing* upon all the po-

litical duties wa are called upon to perform.

rSsr.w ut. .u u..

meet restricted construction of the powers granted by the people and the States. Interpreted and applied according to those principle*, the great compact adapts itself with healthy eeae and freedom to an unlimited extension of that benign system of federative self-government, of which it our glorious, and I trust, immortal charter. Let us, then, with redoubted vigilance,

of doubtful powew, even

temporary advantage and apparent temporary expediency. The mlaUaai ef federal ya rent a. eat, ef federal geveraweet. with Ih* malaieaaae* of Balfoaal acdoa la our reUUIoii* with tha re* ol the woi agbrd th* nil* and me**ar* of eoa*tr««Uoa of oar pew en under th* g*eoar*l elaatea of Ih* aoiHI of atrlH defcrruoa lotba ao**e*At* ivh *»d dur SKy of **wy ralhar lhaa dUp^JUo"

UnrU*.

te*ed arge*, is «*w ef th* mere tef|re**l** that aecaatllf, which ie directly rnggtaled Vy th* «ee. *K*r*Uee* eew prweated

rtAfiKurn war*.

Tsami

nr Cnroonrart^-Tha

Oacinaati iVi« CWr»of the »th*ays: Owing l» th* aafovomtte wa*thar, the racaipte danag Ae week have been light bat

wa in tha vidaity,

have beea ee fol*

Toll Ghites

JtaNa fflaaghlaied to

Total for week

Wwaiwii*

officer*—without dwCTadit

brought of prinaplaa, tti murt ba

ataorbed

toa point at whfca well bAoow ua to eatpaaa from all alaa in his career, and scarce a oar risioa over tha Tart prospective. dissent waa heard in the universaJ

in a manner tha public atten-

-uial Addreaa. What departure nw Wn on hia part from the policy and princt I 2 -L .akAikl.! Itl

tbus

mMaart

a short period of tuae aa applicable to tha a*mt- Democrat? Thera is, wa insist, ence of a nation, this law

awaws^ ftTITthe *r»antific and I deatroy faction on tha part of hia sympathi-h|. hara already '«alteV(5®.. aar*. Had he not acted tha counterpart of ymook improvements of tha past ^uui^fo^even hU nomination for Pre*)or .h. —. Atwood?

foreshadowed, which should

alienate from him for a moment

., yemocm, But, did ha not declare such to be hia tfatarminatkMi from tua atartr

tional effect of emigration, w^oH not yetr ma »u*ht to put down in subordination teriaUy «duce tha ertimata.whila 1Aa tnmaaod Trua,^

Pf„ctorr

collector, and to

-k Ah

.. ,, (.. (far their own want of fealty to their |ar-

.yer treacherv attired in a flimsier

whal

the poptuations I ftom harm with merely its silly pate stuck

,e natural attraction of so rast, powerful, and more aorry figure

\uck leas* bird, fancying itself »e-

u'•

And yet, wa suppose tha

tdh:c3«»,,A".

mingled

spending millions of our rece. ^I faSstt £n do for th.mseWe* is to beTheee conaideratlana seem full/ to justify the lactionisw

WtUr d„ught

for the Democracy, the most

the law of population come entitled to the language ot owoquy

of oWoquv kUti

O! for a toaga* toearaelhaMaVJ IVhOM treaaoa, Ilka a dead)y hli|l.t Oomaa »r th* coaoaiU ol tha b»*ve,

Te Wart

than

iheir hear of

Oothm Democrat.

wife ln tj,#

yer^

mast

Heratofora our ayatem of government haa fiia wife went to him in the has Worked on what may be termed a mmia-

tut* adak, i* Comparison with the devwope-

Might!'

Tax Wirx or John MrrcuRix.-—Th* in Sydney, Austra- .^ notice *f tbe exile,

paper publiahed

vary happy no

not merely as an interesting j^tchell, and' his voiing, brave and devoted

hour of tbe patriot's most se

when tha time had come wheu be

the darkest iierils which beset the

his path, and meet the fate hedar-

a(]jured

ment which it muet thus assume, within_ a ,jistre«s bim but go to his doom future near at hand, as scarcely |o be be-1 fe&rimij be bad courted it, for hei yond the praaent of the exiatlng generatio*.

him to let no thought of

cj,ildp(n,

from whom be was about

strong iu the conaolation that be

pl«ed

so varied, both in numbers and territorial ex- j,e was about to leave bis children was tent, in habits and in interest*, could J*"] more'preeious than gold. The ffmpire savs kept in uationsl cohanion by the strictest fideti- gnd beautiful wife of tbe Irish ex to the principles of the constitution, as un-

a noble part for Ireland, and the

j^htl Mitchell, arrived here on Thursday

with bar fine family of aix children, on hor way to Join her brave husband in freedom, in a free country.

In tbe present generation, perhaps, Providence baa not united a man or woman mors worthy of each other—a heroine wife and a hero husband. Wa know it well from eye witnesses, how the indomitable energy and oourage of that lion-hearted man was tried hi tha fiery furnace of revolutionary excitement. Well we kuow, too, upon the same authority, the slow force of circumstances that urged him, like Hampden, step by step from the quiet country life into the foremost position —into tbe very gap of desperation.

The famine with which social and political tniarule bad innoculated that happy land, hi* native country, came at last to the inhuman crisis, which mothers fed uuon their own offspring, as in the horrors of beseiged Jerusalem and we have heard how he made a tour in the Provinces to witness for himaelf the spelling scenee of pestilence and ("amine, walking among them like "the man who had seen bell"—the sad and the thoughtful Dante—and then returned to Dublin, a desperate, one-idead man—the leader of a revolutionary movement. We do not, at this distance,pretend to offer an opinion upon his revolutionary project we merely,state facts as they have often been narratod, and aasigu the motives which propelled him into that career, lu which he afterwards advanced with resolution between the bayonet

unflinching rei and tbe gibbet. But how must ths heart of thet wife, the mother af a brave man's have been tried to ita utmost cors in the conflict between affection united with maternal solicitude, and what she conceived to be h*r duty to her husband and her oountry. Nobly we are assured, she stood the fiery ordeal, without a word or a sigh to cross his stern purpose, mid even participating in the halo of bis intense excitement.

dent, increased by the which will soon

take plaoe in Connecticut, Ohio, Georgia, MiaaiaaSnoi and tierhaQs other Statee. What then ion we

sissippi, and perhaps becomes of the saeertion we baar so frequently made, ia the whic jftptra, that tbe admi

Uia auuiinisii *ih* are out tn«» aa ineigaificant taction, bearing lm*i ties to th* whfc party of tered tamali of a prairie dog ffl^if*

g^TAa ap war edUor **nat foace aroand laltMpit frM to 0m* world sac*

,?2

yomng

children,

Ta* Paooxxssivx Dxaociucr.—If ths remark be true, as it certainly ia, that as federalism sink*, the country rises, ths American people must have reached tbe pinnacle of national prosperity. Wbiggery baa now sunk so low—4s buried ao profoundly iu tbe deep boeom of tbe ocean, that no bubble will ever riii to mark tfce spot where the waters engulphed It, if we may be allowed to use a figure that we have seen attributtod to a modern orator, but which be appropriated from one who wrote more than eighteen centuries ago. In tbe whole thirty-one Statee, the whig*, we believe, have now but one Governo and to tbe legislatures, have the entire control in Kentucky alone, The present democratic majority in Cengrea* is large beyond precedent, ""i our strength ia tbe Sedate will be elections

DMS*

tratkm of Gen.^pfetw'^s^one of the waakeet the country has ever known? Soma itataBtenta are false, other* ridiculous, and occ*sioally we meet with one tbat is absurd buaa assertion like thi* combines all the** quailtie* together. If the strength of an administration ia to be tea tad by the bold it 1ms upon tha public confidence, s* ezprmmd at th*

poll*,' we caa aaMy *ey that since the days of Waehitq^ou, ao man haa enioyed a popularity aqaal to that of Franklin Pieroe. Oen. Jackson, ia hia palmiee time, never tod the *ame strength with th* people that the prment adposseetee. la hi* ra»y, th* ceptton wiae S^Jla Ooogreae, in the Stele ilstmas aod with nniirirrr. *a^ was guided mi aootrolled by men of ooBM^indfeig intellect, great personal influence «M loog expert* ia oawfo affataL How dl* oppoeera of *. b«t UUI. ^rTtW lmaame relath* acat*/ag*"beer to a of th* Rocky MotottiM^ft* creed ef whiggery ie exploded the wiitmrof It* formmt *i*at uaden are inlent Ja dnpnett or the toob the banaere that sionaUy manhalad its baai%fo«ues to vtetery am trailing ia th* daat Tbo triampb of domoonatie trath le

iff weemdd

hiafoe. iastaar baa friet, maefcy gold-edged day*,,