Terre-Haute Journal, Volume 4, Number 10, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 5 December 1851 — Page 2

tj?'

G-OVBRNOH'S MESSAGE

f-'jF Gtnilcmra »J lis fcwtr ani lUut+of RrfttsefUtira: IL You have again a*3N»»led for lhedischarge of the most riwtponaible duties pertaining to civil government for, while to other department* iscom^ ribifted the charge odmtnMcring ami executing «l«o Iaw4. your* tlie duty of constructing—uf enacting tlipni. 'r We hjve csu*e for mutual crertgTatulanon in the favorable circufmtanoca with which we are surrbuuded. Health ia restored to our border*, and the Author of all good haa crowned tile iabora of mr people with abundance. Industry end enterprise in every department have received their juat reward, and eur citizens are advancing with rapid strides in all the element* of moral, politics! and iau'Heclua! greatness. 'Hicks considerations, under a proper Sdiine of our, dependence oo the Almighty Huler. ulll, I trust, properly prepare u* for the important duties before u*.

Th?. pTHtaiU ati into resting era in the history of our Se ttej wdl worthy of a moment's consideration Oti the ftr»t day of November last, the ConMituii»». under which yon hay* assc n* bled, went into operation. On that d".y we passed fiam under th* old, to the new* Thai Constitution, under wh'wtt, for more than third of a century, we had*grown from a handful to a million of inhabitants, secured and protected in all the rights of freemen, has passed nwaj, and a new instrument taken il* place. The ciiartge is radical in some of the most essential pails ol our organic law, but il has been cfftcted without strife, contention or bloodshot!, and without affecting, in the slightest'degree, the uniform and peaceable pursuits of our people. How different is this from the saenes that distinguish the changes in the old worM, not only of law. but even of rulers. With us an hundred and fifty men assembled at tho capital, make and proclaim a new organic arid elementary Uw for the future government jf a nation of fieeuif-n. They adjourn, proclamation is made and published, their labor* submitted to and approved by tho people. The old passes away, and our people move on hs peaceably and quietly, as though no change had happened.

As ludianian* vvc way well challenge a parallel in (be unanimity, with which our people adopted rho new Constitution—a majority of eighty-six tfwUKond at the ballot-box. It is now your duly to give tho new Constitution a steady and energetic •upport to carry forward, without delay, all the changes it propones, that they miy be fairly tested. This we owe lo the people, to tho country, and to ourselves.

Tho financial condition of the State is, at all time.*, a subject of the deepest interest, not only to the people themselves, but to their Representatives.

It to their action that the people must look fur the security ol their credit, tho preservation of fh» ir and th« exemption from unnecessary lur lens.

I nrn grniifii-d in bv.injj able to state lhat our ftiiaift*i«l Bifairs are improving—economy is mnnif,'st in fit! tin* expenditures and the timo has now Hrrivcil wli?u wo can commeticc tho work so long united for by our people—the reduction of the pfincipld of the IStBte Debt of Indiana.

Tho ontiro amount of the ordinary expenses of the State, as audited, nm! paid by the Treasurer, lor• the year ending the 31 October, IGol, was fc71 .Git). 3IJ, which is '911.804 74 less than the an.ount audiu'd and paid fur tho year ending Ootoiar 31m, IU,"»X This aum. for the ordinary expanses of a miilftm of inhabitants, will compare iiioit,favor*M with sny J^tate in tho Union, il boi"J» Hcf MP1-*1* about seven couts for each individual,. .,

The who'.} iWioui.t of. revenue paid into the f'taie treasury, during tha p*s»t year, ending Octobt 3Ut, ICjl.on all accounts, was, 8503.0jG 24, which ixgted# the mount of tho previous year, 43.

T! ordinary ex:.5njfs of-tho Stale government lor tlic enduing.-y«*r, aro estimated at the sum of ?1 :k},500, tbeintsrcaso being principally in anticiuiau of a protracted session of the. Legislature. it ii estimated by the Auditor of State that from th'j revenue of th#* present year, after liquidating Our indebtedness to tiie Hank, providing for the expuiist'S of the,,H.Ut« government, and meeting the January and July dividends on tho Public Debt, there wlil yet be a surplus of about $100.000.— Whatever lite surplus m.»y be, 1 recommend that il be promptly, applied to tho liquidation of a portion of tho ptinuljiul of the debt, in such mauner as

jou ir.uy uirccl. My own opinion ia, that no intricate of tompWx mauhiuutv is necessary, but thai yourexecutive oilifjisis, witii the addition of a ^itjkm^ I'und CommU»fnner, or of the Agent of i^tatc, shutild bte.cUaiged with thb 4uty. However am,ill l!ie br^inula^, it should ta made at the first possible nnuik0.nl. J^y tl»« prompt jvestmant of wuch surplus, and i»l' tho ijchou! FunJ in the mannor huraafler huggesied, it is believed that from onn-third to one-half a million of the Foreign Debt may bo vviklulrawn wUhin the present fiscal year ^tS»0 Qd^k||Uu Wk\ I* so ncftrl) liqudatod that I ^(^ttwietuf jou to direct th« *EWn«ur*r of State to

the, s,wio for

p!a\tnont

MCMn

State Script, to present

witbin a Inmtod period, after

'whiuh interest on the same shall ctaso. The Tioasurer shuul I mUo be authorized Irom time to time to require the L'ouuy 'i'reasurers to make deposit* of such amounts of State revenue as may be in their hands and lor such services, and for those rendered in making advance deposits in 1&5U, tho Auditor and Trvasurcr of State ah4uld he empowered to uiako a reasonable compcusation,

Vour attention is called to tho v^ry able ana (iractioal Repot of you Auditor on the finances of the ^t'Ue{ al to the valuable auggestioua iu tho Ilepoit of the Trea^ur^r

The wisdom and propriety of the revenue lawa •I the la»t session of the Legislature are manifest in the large increase of taxable property returned far the current oar« Sufftcietu returns hav« been received to warrant the Statement that tho whole amount of taxable property placed on the duplicate ,«f iUi\ will be uai Usi than two hundred and ten million* ol d«»U*r—Wit'g an increase of sesrenty»ree miUion'* over the p^ vious yeor, or more th«n lift* per con*. 'I'nit•.-Rwatest ifecrwase has bean in »hr pr ^pewv showiug tiiat h«.retofore

Tftefeare doMixh^dekcts iu the p?ir»*&ok>gy ar.d praoncsl operatic revenue acts of the last which will from time to time become appar* IK ent. and \vi!l require remedy at your hands but tite roirectuei* ®t the principle of assessing every nutiV prop*m *fcb actual value, placing men L. a nil ouml»tkw»« *ud occupation* upon the aaaae footiuj- ^wroettds itwetf W general approo**

large o* t1*t« t,fc«fri} %n of taxabks jyears lhat cannot read and write. This number, iwtft entirely escaped fHe 'kuawledtp tho assess* belkved by many to be wore than we really hite, *$. it Vtie item ol cosporauou stock alomn the in- has beett greatly enlarged, at a distance, in the «*r*ei«s I* isot -ltrsn than tour tuiHions of doUar*. public journals.

Tho ner*#seil tax on the personal property lu our seal to advance *be cause of sound leam returned chWeable to than four thousand Hag. we have ncgiected to throw our eoergie^an iu th« States is means in the right direction, VXbilst we bar person* tho various counties qnal to th© whole ordiuarv rxpcti*« of lh« Slate {pvvornmerrt tor the past yoar,

je un\io the ohl ayateui is eotirel^ iw

It %U1 U««en o» wfcnrnc# to thn»ti«etis«eot» grr*t inequality |n the

at an ear**? p.»od -h.it» Wvv'-» W»iq. .$

I*. Jmsw**

& m-

be-ntc-

itMMiawriw

constiUlltdS reqir«pW- at thif afssioD.lfrl E«Umat^ «Ja« o®Cia«ty'S««laart«|| 'I provide by l&w fort he appointtnent of iblipe cona- and Seminary Taads miss loners to r«* i&e. simplffy ani abridge the

rules, practice, pleadingsalnri forms oft he courts of justice. You may 'also make it the duty of these commisioners to reduce into a systematic code the gea#r»l *taiute laws of the Slato. ipi»

I neoommend you to make provision for the appointment of these commissioner*^* soon as possible, and to charge them with a g*noral revision of th* laws is well as the practice. These measures of reform are necesaanly aot intimately connected with each other, insomuch-aa a well digested code of laws will greatly, facilitate the establishment of a good system of practice. By the appoiptment of of these commissioners at an &ariy day. yon will have their aid, as far as yw progress at this session, in changing our prp «Qt sytiets of local legislation.

It is of the ill most importance, however, that the per*ons to to charged with these duties should be carefo.Viy selected, for the benefits anticipated from the great reforms herein provided for by the framers of the Constution, will depend greatly on the man ner in which the duties of the commission are executed. They should be men practicJlly and thoroughly acquainted with the working of our present system of practice and laws, lhat knowing its defects they may know where and how to apply the proper remedies. They should be working men, for the task before them will be one of no common msgnitude, and it cannot be successfully accomplished without great and persevering labor They should also be men skillful and prudent, for while the proposed reforms are greatly needed, and many great and important changes may be advantageously made, great care should be taken lest, in sweeping away our existing system of legislation, some of the rights and privileges of our citizens may be injured or left unprotected.

I would also suggest, that while care is "taken in the selection of men who would not unnecessarily protract their employment, it should not be expected of them to complete their labors in an imperfect or hasty manner. It is much] more ^important that their work should be satisfactorily when done, than that it should be finished a lew months sooner or later.

It should also be borne In mind that the great bulk ofour existing laws have been passed from time to time, or have been adopted from the common law to su the real or imaginary wants and neoesities ofour citizens, and that radical changes, even when calculated to be ultimately beneficial, should not be too suddenly and violently made. All laws to effectual, must be sustained by public opinion, made up from the people of the various States of the Union and from various countries, who have brought with them views and partialites in relation to the mnnicipal laws, lormed from the various peculiar systems under which they have been raised. I would therefore suggest, that in adopting a now system of laws for their future government, sufficient time should be given before the taking efiect of such laws, to enable the people to understand them, and to adapt their conduct and business to them, so that they may be prepared to support and sustain them when put into operation.

That portion of the duties of tho commission which is imperatively required by the Constitution namely, the revision of the practico of the courts, will necessarily occupy their timo for a considerable period, and it may be wot thy of your consideration, whether the revision of the statute law may not be advantageously expedited, by authorizing them to receive voluntary contributions towards the revision of any particular branches or chapters of those laws. By this means the best legal attainments of the State, and perhaps out of it, might be enlisted in the work of making a good code, especially if it was understood that credit would be given to tho authors of such contributions as should bo thought worthy of adoption, together with such compensation as the Legislature adopting them should think proper to bestow. Tho contributions thus offered might bo laid before the Legislature, which would bo enabled to compare the works of a variety of different persons, and would not bounder the necessity of depending wholly on those of tho commissioners.

In pursuance of law, I attended the commenCcm»fit exorciscs of the State University at Bloomington, in August last. This Institution, then under the immediate control of the late distinguished President, Rev. Andrew Wylie, and an able corps of Professors, I found admirably conducted, and in a flourishing condition. The wholesome rules are strictly enforced: tho system of instruction is of tho most permanent and thorough character. It is understood that application will be made to the the Legislature, by the Board of Trustees, for new powers, in order to enlarge its capacity for future usefulness. Tho high character of the gentlemen composing that Board, and others interested in its management, is a suro guaranty that you will give them a favorable hearing.

Little did I then think, it would be my melaneholly duty to record the death of the late President Wylie! This event, which has so suddenly deprived a family of its honored and beloved head a church, of ono of her most talented ministers our Slate, of one of its brightest ornaments, and the University of it* learned President, took place on the llth day of November, 1851, at his late residence! Truly, a great and good man has fallen. The question forces itself unbidden upon us, whioh way 'shall we turn, to whom shall we look to repair the loss the University has so lately sustained As an Educator, in the opinion of those who knew bim best, the late President stood unrivalled. A residence among us Jof more than twenty year?, most laboriously spent in the cause of education, had sccured lor him a reputation, to attain wfeich, might be well considered enough to satisiy the aspiration* of the most ambitious of men. May his mantle desoend upon some one worthy to bear it!

The other Institutions of the State, under the charge of different denominations, are^like prosporous. No State io the Union, of our population and age* has so many flourishing male and female Colleges, Medical and Law Schools, and other Seminaries sf Learning.' According to the Census of IS50. we have eighty-threein number, and in attendance, five thousand two hundred and ninety pupils.—

This is most favorable view of the question. The same census shows, that we have seventy-five thousand and seventeen, over the age of twenty

been building up colleges and academies, have we not neglected tiie great schools of learning. Common. Uistrieu «ad Union SdKwiafv

There is a dtverstty of sentiment oa this subje®, yet, it seems to me that your doty is a plaiu one. It is made your solemn duty, by the Constitution adopted with stoch unanimity, ami which you hit* »0%mny aworn to support, "To encourage, by all suitable means, mors I. inteH«tual, scknts^c, and agricultural imprcrement »ad to provide by law, trva 4 o&tssAi. smxjt or Scaooi-s, «her la tuition *^1 b« without

Amount of Congrewianal Towasbip Fuad.^reportwi audLestintated

Borplo* ReveoM,Faad Baak Tax Fana on loaa from Slaia Trran ary Bank Tax FaaiJ on )aad in Slate Treasury Bank Tax Fotsd distributed to Conntiea Saline Fond on la»n Salino Fond oa band SaJlue Fand diatribated to Counties Common School Fond In State Treasury, from Bank Profits exsluiv# of iaterwt Siskin^ Faad on Mortgage to Nor. 4,1851 Crtimated valaa of School L*od* anoold Eatlawtod value of ljBiflQQ acrea of Swamp

Land*

tbundance

have bftn

«oe«ty auditors, who ta|«e genwrouaiy

mi»h*d the required Prom these raoeivfck theSeg{9al trutm-m batecmwl-*%W feftgnst.to-yifc^

The propriety of investing all the funds now belonging to the School Fund, as far as practicable nnder existing laws, In the stocks of the State, worthy of your deliberate consideration.

You will thereby make so much of your debt a domestic debt, the annual income being fixed and reliable. The inoro we connect the education of our children with the integrity, honor and character of the State, the surer we shall be to keep the same inviolate.

Tliia exhibit of the Common School Fund is not only gratifying to every citizen of the State, but it furnishes conclusive evidence of the wisdom of that provision of. the Constitution that provides for the election of a State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Much wiH depend on the Character of this officer, the compensation you shall provide for bim, the duties you shall impose. The first requisite to have a head to the system, to select a Superintendent who will not only with fidelity discharge the duties devolving upon him, bat who will devote his whole time with energy to the work, who will travel, examine, Investigate, go into every school district, and make himself acquainted with tiie true condition of things, and report them to the Legislature as they exist, and who, to a thorough knowledge of liia business, will briug a spirit of the utmost devotion to the cause.

The organization of this department of education, defining its powers aud duties, will require your calm diHiberatiou and judgment. No more iinpoiUut duty Is required at your hands. The care and protection of the various school funds, their consolidation into a common fund for the benefit of every child in the State, are subjeots of no minor interest, But most of all, is your duty topiovidefor condensing and simplify lug the entire common school law for distribution in every district in the State, divesting it of all useless machinery, and bringiug it within the capacity and understanding of the humblest citizen of the school (district. .4*

I recommend thai you require each county auditor to keep a record, In which shall be entered a list of the fines assessed by the Circuit courts, Justices' courts, forfeited recognlzsnoes, 6cc.( ugainst whom, what for, the amount thereof, collected or not, and allow a compensation to the attorney for the State, by a per centum, to insure the collections. This book would be open to the Inspection of every citizen of the county, in which could be seen what disposition had been made of every judgment, the amount remitted by your Governor, &c.

During the past summer 1 paid a visit to the lower Ohio, and spent day in examining the largo cotton mill at Cannelton, in the county of Perry. This factory contains 10, 800 spindles, and 370 looms, and is pronouncod, what, to my unpractised eye, it seems to be, a most perfect establishment. Theconcern,, with its uppurtuuant boardiug-houses offices, shops, 6uj',has beeu erectod at a cost of netir $400, 000, and employs near four hundred hands. It is the first movement mude in Indiaua, toward manufacturing ou a large settle, and deserves the encouragement aud good will of the entire Stute. Tho town is situated near the upfer edge of the great coal field, and by its contiguity to the cotton fields, its cheap fuel, and cheap food, likely to be a manufacturing point of great future importance. In various parts of the State, the people are turning their attention to manufactures, relying on our natural advantages rather than any government aid for success. Most fortunately for Indiana, she contains within her own borders, all the elements which are ueedful to stiinulute this branch of industry. She has 7000 square miles of territory within the great "Illinois coal field," which is marked,one side by the Ohio, and oa another by the Wabash River. Within that area, targe beds of irou have been found, equal in qualitv and quantity to any iu the country—the Vermilliou and Green county furnaces being now in full and xuccessfu)

peratlon. Lately iron ore of a .fine quality and in great has been found in the county of Perry, near Leopold. In other portions, there are indications that lead and other minerals exist. 1 refer to these things to show lhat at no distant day, that part of the State which lies within the coal region, will constitute our great manufacturing district, and that it is the duty of the Legislature to aid in developing its capacities. 1 know of no other mode so effectual of rendering this aid, &s to provide for a thorough geological and topographical survey of the Stale. So far from changing tbe views 1 expressed on this subject in my last annual message, I am more and more satisfied that no measure within your constitutional power to adopt, could contribute so much to the advancement of the State, in population and wealth,— we want mora capital—we want manufacturing skill and labor—we can only invito these among us by exploring and laying bare our manufacturing resources. This can be done only by the hand of science. It will not do to make investments"upon mere conjecture: we must have full and reliable information of the nature and extent of our mines, before we can cxpect foreign capital to open them. A full, thorough survey of the Stale, will exhibit at a glance, the character of our soils, onr coal, our iron, salt, timber, marble, stone quarries, water power, Ac,, &c., and the people of the Slate are every where alike interested in the measure. The more manufacturing capital there is introduced, the lighter will be the buithens of each individual, the more the taxable wealth of the State. It will lead to a division of labor, so indispensable to the agricultural, and so important to all Interest*. In onr expansive territory, now reaching from ocean to ocean, the States will be thrown more and more upon their individual resources State legislation wilt rise in dignity, and the ambition of tbe wise aad good man will be aot so much to participate ia our national affairs as to aid in aggrandizing his State. Our geographical position is now commanding and such it must ever be. whalevet betides tiie country, we cannot change oar commercial aad social attitude ia this Republic, as a central State, oni whose territory the car of commerce mast, ia all future time, pass. No ladfaniao can be insensible to our future policy and glory as a State. Te attain our tree position, however, we most lay open our mines, aad dear away the rubbish which hides our wealth from lbs keen and eager eye of enterprise.

present duties tesuB ef Statistics. la connection with st&jecUr ye* ai« iavlted t» (he propriety of eaiiiagibe attention of war Senators and Representatives ia Congress to the bill iaipduced by adistfagefeSwd Senator of Illinois. This billfti eposes to give each of the States la Which are government lands, a township of l&Mi for each land effioe Strict, te be appropriated, oader the State aatlteriUefc, for the parpese ef making afall geological aad topographical surrey of tbe SKale Tbe Gea•nl Government less about two millions of a&esof land ta ear State. Tots wen id give as ebeat owe handred aad forty tWsand seres. Il w««U be soaad policy ea tbe part ef Government te atake tbe4naattloau

Tbe at ef Isst seseiea. entitled "**a act for (baeacoartfemeat ef agrtcahore,** appaved February 14th, taw, a most beaithy la^aeee*- Afcent thirty MkeerieliestHwefetKa £*baU»

4,97-1 61

42,6*4,53 SEM69 It 1.744 87 37,065 07

706,784 92 ~i2l,87538 250,006 00

1,000,000 00

a $ 4 6 6 4 8 7 9 3 6

This estimate shows a productive Common School Fund of over four and a half millions^ of dollars—a fund larger it is believed, in proportion to our population, than that of any other State in the Union, with a single exception. In addition to this sum, the fund will be constantly augmented by the receipt of fines and ibrfeitures, and the profits of the Sinking Fund.

It becomes your duty to husband this fund in such a manner, and so diffuse its benefits, as to provide for Ihe education of the youth of every county, township, and district, l^he fund is for the common benefit of the children of the State.

Your Constitution provide#, that "the principal of th« Common School Fund shall remain a perpetual fund which may I increased bat never diminished, and the income thereof shall bo inviolably appropriated to the support of common schools, and to no outer parpose whatever."

The seeming conflict between trie act of the Legislature, of February last, and the new Constitution, on the subject of the appropriation of the proceeds of the Swamp Lands, may be avoided by ia*esting them la the Boons of the State.

We have had experience, in Indiana, on the subject of loans on longeredits. Debts, bonds, obligations, whether bf States or individuals, are weights upon the industry and prosperity of any people. Extended credits to individuals by mortgages oa land, are well calculated to depress tbe energies of the borrower, and, from oar own knowledge, in loo many instances, are followed by safes, forfeitures, costs and penalties, with the services of a host of officers.

I recommend that yoa take prompt steps for the eemmencemeot of thorough feelogteal eari tapgrspblcmi earret of the State, and tteat yoa likewise coonect with Uie State, have been received from the general govern* eut duties ef the Auditor or Secretary ef State, a Bean- men I but io a condition not to be useful, except

t« enlarge tbfjr pmoiam*, by wkiag a espy oi tfce punisbmeul of convicts for Larcenies. Of the report «f the Stale Boor* apart** tbe proatiaass a»ar£wt

xmt

aade aaattee wW te.ewtoy with «bw 1 sod 6% of them have ba«a 1 rf nfrr-

conlerophtted Statg fair. Ia this Way we May be

00 al&to commuuieatelhe knowledge of each State and couaty fsir orer every county la the State. 45 r&pmmeadlhat yon make a liberal aunaal appropria29 32 jthfa to tbe State Boart of Agriculture.

The 13th article of the Constitution, pftibibiting-itegrcfes

10,059 85 aad mulattoes from coming into, or settling withia the State, was adopted by ninety-one tfaosennd nine hundred and fifty-Sre majority «f ottf people at the ballot-bos. It is yoar positive duty to pass effioieut and prompt laws to eany out this provision of tbe Constitution. Th|x imeaenre, adopted witfc snchUnanimity, was called for independent of other considerations, by ihe policy pursued by some of our sister States.

In connection wtth CKis qnestlon, yon are again earnestly invited to the subject of colonizing the blacks now among as. It to very desirable that the sabfectef ooiiataatiea afaoold, reeatv* the sttoatfea ead sansaiaga«asnt.ef ife Qeaeral end State Governments—-that they will co-operate with tbe aid of the goed aad benevolent of the eoaatry, aud with their anited efforts In this great work, effect gradual but final separation of the two races, restore the black man to the land of his fathers, benefit bis condition, and remove from us this great source of evil.

The cause of colonization Is advancing, and it la incumbent on Indiana to extend to it her influence aad contributions, however limited the means at her disposal.

You are invited to the many valuable suggestions contained iu tbe reports of the Trustees and Soperinteudaata of onr benevolent institutions.

In addition to the views submitted in my last communication oa the subject of these Institutions, to which yon are referred, I suggest the propriety of placing tbe appropriations made to sustain them, under the head of the ordinary expenses of the State, estimates to be made annually, aad tbe appropriations made direct by yon to each of the three Institutions. By so doing, you will relieve the county and State officers from much labor in calculating the fractional levies heretofore made. But above all this, tbe appropriations will be direct upon estimates examined by the representatives of the people, exhibiting every dollar appropriated, and for what purpose. WhUe the people are ready, with liberal hand, to sustain these Institutions, justly regarding them as tbe pride and honor of the State, they still demand that all expenditures should be made with economy, snd tbe accounting officers be held lo a strict accountability. A departure from this principle will most assuredly lead to extravagance.

The State will become vested, in January, 1853 with an interest in the Afadison and Indianapolis Railroad, the value of which will be contingent upon the future earnings of Ihe work. A proposition was made at the last session of the General Assembly, by the company to purchase the interest of the State. It may be renewed at the present session The experience of other States has demonstrated that all connexion between the State and corpora tions, in the construction and maintenance of publio works, is unprofitable, and invariably results disastrously to the Stale.

The railroad interest is becoming a large and vastly extended one within our borders. The retaining of an interest by the State in any one work, is calculated to excite jealousy on the part of other companies, if indeed it does not actually iuduce in legislators and other publio authorities, a species of favoritism that should not exist.

The letter of the new Constitution positively dobars the State from forming such connexions hereafter and its spirit equally requires, in my judgment, that, where they now exist, these partnerships should be dissolved, whenever this can be done consistently with the terms of the contract, and the interest of the parties. -.t

The stock of this ro&d has heretofore been a very profitable one, and may continue so. It may be mentioned in this connection, that during ihe past year, it is said the company has made all the permanent improvements, by the issue of bonds, consequently an imposition of a large debt upon the road, afiecting the interest of the State equally with lhat of the stockholders. The State has no power to prevent this, has no effective control in the management of the road, in the payment of salaries to oflicers, &c.

Without entering into details, but denying the right claimed by the company, to purchase the road by sections, thereby diminishing the rights ol the Slate for a comparatively small amount, I recommend a sale of the interest of the State upon such terms as the Legislature shall consider just, fair and equitable. The sooner the Slate is entirely free from ail public works, the better ii will be for all parties.

The Wabash and Erie Canal, under the management of the Trustees, has progressed steadily aud satisfactorily towards its final completion. It has been navigable during the season just passed, as far south as the crossing of the west fork of White River, in Green county, 281 miles from the State line, and 365 miles from Toledo.

Early in tho ensuing season it is expected that 27 miles will be added lo this navigation, extending il to Maysville, in Daviess county. From that point to Evansville, 71 miles, which is much the most expensive portion of the work, the labor of constructing the canal is nearly two-thirds performed, and the balance is to be accomplished by the first of November next, according to the terms of the contracts. The opening of the canal from the Ohio river into the heart of the White River country, a district enjoying no better navigation than that afforded by these rivers, will give an impulse to the agricultural and manufacturing interests of that section of the State highly favorable to its future advancement and wealth. The increasing sales of the canal lands in the Vincennes District, afford evidence that the advantages of this great work are beginning to be appreciated.

Major John S. Simonson has furnished the Stale a full and perfect roll of the names of the men who enlisted in Indiana, belonging to the Regiment of mounted Rifiemen, and served in 1846, numbering 263 also the rank of each, fwhere born, when enlisted, under whom, period of service, remarks, Ax. tie is entitled to your thanks. I recommend that an appropriation be made sufficient to cover the expense of obtaining a large Recoid book, in which should be recorded the names of all who were engaged in the war with Mexico, from Indiana, their ages, rank, birth, enlistment, period of service, &c. This record to bo deposited in the State Library.

Since the adoption of the new Constitution, various complicated questions arrising under it, have been presented to the officers of State for their consideration. These questions relate mainly to the right of certain persons elected previously to the adoptioo of the constitution, to bold two offices, to the question whether certain offices are continued over, or abolished, to the approval of official bonds taken from those appointed to office to fill vacancies. Upon these and similar points, your officers have not failed to give their opinion yet some of the questions psesented are not free from doubt.— These require your consideration, and appropriate and definite legislative enactments.

Hie field-notes, maps, and all other papers pertaining to the sorvey of the entire lands In the

a key or index be prepared tor that purpose. I recommend thai an appropriation be made Cor the purpose of having such key or index provided, to the original field-notes of every section line, private land claim, Indie* grant, and Township Maps 4-c., SfC., in the whole State. 'i'he power to appoint Notaries Public, is now given by law to the Executive. Tha propriety of requiring die certificate cf tbe Circuit Judge of the Circuit, as lo the qualifications o£ji|fe|ppiicani, the necessity .andgroMMMfl^^^jwIiB^entvis woradopted

except

tuteaa.

tha paat

ninety-two. Thenumr For further details your

is invited to tbe able aad interesting fte-

:tnd Ststeagrkraha- ipoiia of the Visitor and Warden of tbe Prieoo.

IftretMWraReinMits bring I Time has confirmed me in the correctness of the

jjanderwd asd ninety-two eo&vioSs in the Ovum

red to my former Message as to the propriety of changing tiie criminal Uw these oases, as well as to the policy of establishing (louses of Refugd and Worii Shope in counties ol districts, for tho punfshmeftt am! reformation of juvenile offenders. This duty is now positively enjoined upon you by the Constitution.

The Constitution makes it your duty to prescribe regulations and rulei for the exercise of the par doning power. I recommend you to require no tice in all applications, and in those made for the remission of fines and forfeitures, the opinion of the county officers, at lea^t ho rcpres qt jhe school fund of the oounty.

Your attention is invited to the subject of the interest the State has in the Three Per Cent, arising from the sales of the public lands within tho the State. For several years the Slate has receiv ed nothing from this source —-a large amount has accumulated in the National Treasury. The General Government being the holder of certain of our State bonds, as trustees tor certain Indian tribes has claimed the right io appropriate our three per cent, fund toward the interest on bonds thereby witholding the same from us. The propriety of this course may well be doubted. Il ha3 ulso been sugested that errors have occured in the estimates of the fund from time to time, which it would be to the interest of the State to have clostly exam in ed. Two years ago a Joint Resolution of the Gen era! Assembly was passed authorizing our Senators to attend to this matter and report their action to the next Legislature. Our Senators, at tho commencement of the last session, reported that noth ing could be effected without the action of Congress upon this subject. Since that timo no fur ther progress has been made towards any arrangement so far as the officers of Slate are advised.

I suggest the propriety of passing a joint resolu tion, making it the duty of some one of the Exec utive officers to make a full investigation of this fund, at the treasury—procure, if possible, the amount due us, and, if it is thought advisable, to enter into negotiations with Uie Government, in refejence lo the bonds they hold against us. Your early attention to this subject may enable me to lay the result of this investigation before you at your present session, that thereby you may lake some definite action thereon.

It is your duty to lay off the State into eleven Congressional Districts, also not less than three, nor more than five Supreme Judicial District? as you may deem expedient, in such manner as shall be just and right toward the citizens of every part of the State.

The State should provide suitable buildings for all her officers as near together as possible. The Capitol building should be alone used for the Representatives of the people, and tho State Library.— The Governor's and Treasurer's houses, with other property owned by the Slate, might be sold.— The proceeds of this property, with the aid that the General Government will doult'ess furnish, will be sufficient toercct a good substantial building on tho Governor's Circle, that would accommodate all the officers of the National and Slate Governments, without any tax npon the treasury. It would be sound policy to adopt this course.

I would direct your attention to tho propriety of establishing the office of Attorney General. For the want of such an officer it has been frequently found necessary lo employ counsel for the IState at great expense. The sums paid for such services, added to the looses which have been sustained by the want of legal skill in eases where the Stute has been a party to legal proceedings, must have, wilhin the last lifteon years, exceeded the highest sum paid for tho compensation of an Attorney General in many other Slates. If there wub heretofore a necessity for such an officer, there will bo hereafter a still greater one, as under an entira new system of legislation, it must be expected that new questions of law will constantly aiiso, Sue aii officer would be of great assistance to the various executive officers aud his appointment would bo justified on the ground of economy as well us that of necessity.

Tho nominal sum paid lo my immediato predecessor for the Georgia lands, has not been paid into the Treasury, Suit is now pending for the same.

The patent from tho General Government has not been received for the swamp lands, it is daily expected. Your attention will be called to this subject by special comm'nication during the session

The report of the Agent of State furnishes a correct statement of our public debt, and the operations of his agcncy, to which your attention is invited.

Senators Snd Representatives, assembled as yd'u are, and constituting the first organization under the naw Constitution, your responsibilities are great, and your duties arduous and difficult.— There is much for you to do. It is impossible for me in this communication, to call your attention to the various subjects that requite your deliberate consideration and action. If you shall be able to make our Common School Fund secure and permanent, and to establish a system of public instruction adapted to tho wants of our people a system which shall annually and equitably dispense its benefits to every child in Indiana, and which shall be designed to open a union and free school in every two-mile-square district in the State in which schools, children of every rank and condition, rich and poor, shall meet upon common ground, and be taught by the same class of books, and by competent instructors.* And if in addition to this you shall be able to establish a Sinking Fund System that shall annually reduce the public debt, and thereby gradually lessen and finally extinguish that burden when you shall have accomplished these objects, you may with joy return to your constituents, bearing with you your own approbation, and that of all good men. And be assured, gentlemen, that it will give me great pleasure to co-op-erate, zealously, with you in promoting these, all other measures that are calculated to advance the peace, prosperity and happiness of our common constituents, and of our common country.

Tbroagbont the past yoar, pence and harmony between the various sections of the Union, have been gradually snd firmly established. Tbe great disturbing questions which for a time thresteaod results, the l»ne of which no man could foresee,J*Sf« boen'put to rest, and will*}t tbe heartburnings and oectlbnol recrlminstious which it brought1 in its train. Onr present tranquility is the best evidence of the wisdom and pradence of the measure, of adjustment adopted by tbe last Congress.

The high conservsUve groan? maintained by onr State, is shown in tbe fact thnt we support no msn who Cuvorvag1st ion. Our people want peace, and they esteem no sacrifice short of that of principle, too great to secure it.

Indiana holds bim an enemy to tbe well-being of this Republic, who pursues any coarse tending to widen the brrsch between theN orth and the South Minor questions sink into insignificance compered to the great peranum nt doty of every American citizen, the preservation of tbe in tegrity of tbe Union.

Etch and all of tho tows constituting that compromise which hat been as oil cast upon troubled waters, are assented to, aad bare been carried out, so far as they appty tons ia ward aad letter, according to the strictest jndfeislcoobisection,, by the cithten* of oar State. This has been done cordially «u§ wigh a* bear aa approach in hearty unanimity as any measure rinsctod to reconcile similar secUonal difficulties, can ever beexpOcted to receive.

Indians desires te sse Use compromises ntade noder tiw Coastitdtbtt,an2 expressly framed to carry into effect its provisions, remain asdfslurbdh She says to tiw South well as the North, that those measures m«|st stand—tfcat ibis sectional eoofr»v*rsy mast not agaia opened np— that time as mi mma* whfesh enters Ifetaevery ^.biog ibn*

V9d»*afc£ mist Wfa tbelr Wtsddla aniT eflfeKy—th** from whatever foarter of Um Union e&rt* shaH be mode to re-

Sbe favors not, ghm by inrntif eoaat^aaaoo those wfeo fater, the opening afresa, in any msansr, 30d«-r nay pretence, the questions ee recently aad sebsppyy diopooad of, Jet J»ope forever. Oar datjr is pUi*,«W* *jr ikjMsr.MsfoMflkrweMarM jtiOfmUf, caHwantetisn

trmst Jmr the Jmimrt lo lie imtdiijtmtr ef li gu-Unct tf f0^Tfn

THE

Iks vMte

Dece^Ver24.1**^ f-

I rom W a«lnngtou. Washington, Nov. 29.

The caucus of the Democratic members to nominate candidates for tha offices of the House of Representatives of the 3id Congress, whioh as« sembles on Monday next, met this evening at 7£ o'olock—attendance very poor. Hon. VV. A. Richardson, of 111, chairman, and Hons. R. A. Stanton, of Kentucky, and VV. P. Hall, of Missouri, Secretaries.

The oauous proceeded to ballot for candidates. Various officers were nominated: for Speaker, Hon. Lynn Boyd* for Clerk, John W. Forney, of Penn. for Sorgeant-at-arms, A. J. Glossbrenner. of Penn. J. Johnston of Virginia, for Postmaster for Doorkeeper, Z. MoKnew, of Delaware. Mesrs. Johnston and Glossbrenner are two of the present officers of tho House. It is impossible to get at details of balloting* for several officers. The vote for Mr. Boyd for Speaker, was two-thirds of the whole caucus, and that for Clerk, Forney, nearly three-fourths, subsequently all the nominations were ratified unanimously.

The session will opon on Monday with a full attendance. Washington, Nov. 3d.

The democratic attendance last night indicates a stormy commencement of the session to*morrow, and a protracted struggle for the officers of the House. Thero was little harmony, and a large number of the members left the caucus before the nominations were made, declining to take part in the difficulty commenced in the early part of the meeting, on account of a portion of the members desiring to mako the compromise measuros a final settlement of the slavery question, and the platform of the party, to which the majority refused to accede. The nominations were strougly opposed by many of those present.

Washington, Dec. I.

The Republio of this morning says: "Col. Polk's resolutions approving of the Compromise as party platform, were laid on the tablo in the Democratic caucus on Saturday night, by a vote of 69 to 30. Boyd, for Speaker, roceived 77 votes. Forney, for Clerk, 60 votes. Five members withdrew."

The House of Representatives met at 12 o'olock. 218 members present. Mr. Jones, of Tenn., nominated Boyd, of Ky., as Compromise candidate for Speaker, and as such, ho should support him. Mr. Campbell, of Ohio, nominated Thadeus Stevens, of Penn., as a good Whig. On this a spirited debate ensued, invol ving the soundest Whigs and Democrats on the Compromise question.

The House proceeded lo ballot for Speaker.— The Senate opened at 12 o'clock by appropriate prayer by the Rev. Mr. Butler. All tho Senators except Messrs. Bradbury, Hunter, Stockton. Mangum, Badger, Butler, Khett, Jefi'orson Davis, Bell, Jones of Term., Douglas, Borland, Sebastian, Houston and Rusk, were present.

Credentials of new members were then presented by various Senators, and oaths prescribed by the Constitution administered.

Certificates of tho Governor of Florida, of the election of Stephen A. Mttllory, as Senator from tho 4ih of .March next,-were presented by Mr. lie also presented a copy of tho Journal of the Legislature of Florida, wilh a record of certain proceedings, which was considered by lion. David L. Yuleo as evidenue of 1m having been elected. 'J lie two papers having been read, tho Chair suiil it was a question for the Senate to decide upon, whether tho papers presented entitled to a seat.

Mr. Bright moved to reference of tho papers to a sciect committer) on which considerable dohute ensued, in whioh Messrs. Clay, Foote and others took part. Finally Mr. Bright withdrew his motion and Mr. Mullory was admitted to his soat. Subsequently the papers wero referred lo a couumnitleo to be settled to-morrow.

Hot?SB l-pwards of twenty candidates for Speaker wnru volod for. Lynn Boyd received 118 out of "12 Votes cast and was dm lared duly eU-o-ted. lie was conducted to ilia uhuir aud made a short speech. Members ware tliun sworn in, and the House proceeded lo ballot for Clt rk Jtio. W. Forney reoeivre 129 —nil others 79. Forney was declared duly elected.

From Philadelphia. I'muAUiiLiitiA, Nov. 29.

"^Pba examination of witnesses iu the Christiana treason cuse was resumed today. Deputy Marshal II. 11. Kline was cross examined at length.— The evidence of most of the other witnesses examined related principally to facts already elicited, and the circumstances of the death of Mr. Gorsuch.

The court adjourned till three o'clock on Monday. Tho jury, by the advice of the court, attend church to-morrow in a body. Messrs. James Cooper and Thaddeus Stevens, opposing oounsel, paired off both going to Washington.

TERRE-HUATE PRICES CURRENT. ui Corrected Weekly for the Ttrrc-Haule Journal,.

Floor, brl. $3,0n!Llnseed Oil, gul 1,19 Wheat, bush.. 4tMM5 Bran,'V bush 8W Corn, bush 20®25jShorts, bush 10 Rye, bush 30(935 Wool, tb 37k^ Hay, loose, ton... .5(®6f00:Corn Meal, bush. 40 Oats, bush J5 Choese, lb 10®18 Whiskey, gal. .bbl.... .2S ChlcJtens, Vdot. 1,00 Bacon, hog round..... .none:flogs,Vcwt.net.relall.4®4,60 Bacon, hams, city cured.nowiApples, dried, bush. ..1,00 Lard, tt 10r»l2«^Peaches,dried, bush.. .2,00 Flaxseed, bush Apples, green, bush.40(350 Feathers, tb .i .28 Pork barrels 75(J?80 Cluseng, lb... 20.Beeswax,V tb ....-SO, Rags, Ir fb 2®2tf Lard kegs 37% Butter, IP lb 12^® 15 Flour barrels.. 25(928 Eggs, d©*f 15 Half4»rrels 20 Salt, baab. 45Timothy Seed,bush.. l^Sft Coal, baih 10 Clover Heed, bush 6,00 Potatoes, bush....».40(950 Iron, V' lb... 2^(93^ Onions, bush........ 1,00 Rice, fb fyi Coffee, lb 12^ Mackerel, No. 1 15,0ft Sugar, lb 8®id-Mackerel, No. 2 12,5ft Molasses, gal.... •. .bbl.45 Mackerel, No. 3, Molasses, snguriioose. .do.50 Codfish, fresh, fb.....6W Lard Oil, VTgal 1,00 Nails, IU

New Books.

LIuKes of the Corenant, by James Anders^ Scenes snd Legends In theN orth of ScoUaod, by Hugh Hosieries of a Bachelor, by Ike Marvel. [Miller. Life of Adoairatn Judson, by J. Cl*m«nt/ *j Romances, Lyrics aad Songs, by B. Taylor.,, Sketches ito lrt&tad, by Thack «ry.

Lily and the Bee, by Samuel Warren.. Ns»ol LHe, by Lieut- Lynch. Captains' of tbe Old World, by H. W. Herbert. Sscrod Streams, by George B. Ciioeverj With many other New Books shortly expected st

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Magazine Agency.,*.a

rrVHB subscriber will net s» agent for tbo following

Hif^r^New Mmtbfy,-' Tbe International, I ITJk irnickflrboeksf. .. filtckwocdi Edinburgh Review. Godey's Lady's Book, tee. Harper's Maga*is» commences tbo volume with December number. All 1b* other Magazines oommeuce with

For samples and prices calt at Child's Book Store. Nov.23 ieSl-M* ADRIAN CHILD.

Two-Horse Wagons fox Sale.

H&V£ just fiuiebed several t*rohoree Wagons, the wood work of wblcb is made eat of thoroughly seasoned timber, astf iiened Hi a complete sad workmanlike manaer. They will be sotd cheap for each, flfcop oa Fifth Street-

TWHatM*,No«.i«,ie5l. D. PEARMAN

lip