The Greencastle Times, Greencastle, Putnam County, 1 July 1886 — Page 7

THE GIIKtfN<-ASTLE T:MES, JULY 1, 1880.

TWO LIVES.

Time laid his hand on the budding leaf; It turned to crimson, then brown and gold. lie touched the grain; ’twas a garnered sheaf, A laden bin—and the year was old. You walked in the suu when time was young; I grew in the shade and was ever old; My life at last to daylight sprung. And yours—crept under the graveyard mould. Two ways, two lives, two leaves of years; A sudden cloud and a glare of sun, Written in pus.-ion erased in tears! Is the chapter ended or but begun? —Marlon Manvillo. NITRO-GLYCERINE IN MEDICINE. The Kxplosive Kleinent in Itynuinlto— The I.ntter Knsily Manufactured. “Do you handle dynamite?” asked the reporter, as the drug clerk washed the emptied soda-water glass and collected his money. "No,” said the clerk, “but we have nitre-glycerine, which is the explosive element of dynamite. Do you want some of it?” “\es. said the reporter, who was then led to the prescription case. The clerk took from a shelf a small bottle tilled witli minute sugar-coated pellets and exhibited the label, “Nitro-glycerine pills, 100th grain.” “Pills!” exclaimed the reporter in some surprise. “What are they for?” “Medicine; that ought to he apparent. That’s the only form in which we touch the infernal stulT, and if you wanted it for use in the arts or to perpetrate any deviltry I couldn’t tell you where to find it. Dynamite is common enough. You can obtain it at any general supply house in Chicago. It is known as ‘giant powder,’ ‘Hercules powder,’ ‘blasting clay,’ and a long list of deceptive names. But you could make nitro-glycerine easily enough, and dynamite, too, for that matter. Of a seven-pound mixture, for instance, take one part of nitric acid and two parts of sulphuric acid. Then slowly mix in one pound of pure glycerine, stirring gently. You have a pale-yellowish, oily fluid, which, after a few water baths, is nitro-glycerine. If you want dynamite soak this product in sawdust, porous clay, or some other absorbent agent, and then you have dynamite, ready for the quarryman or anarchist.” “What about nitro-glycerine us a drug?” “Well," said the clerk, “it is classed as a poison. It affects directly the nervous arterial systems. The smallest dose will produce an instant flush of the face, pains in the head, and highly accelerated pulse. Its active projiertics vary, ami its results depend largely upon the condition of the subject. 1 hay; heard of a case in Philadelphia where a man died almost instantly from a dose estimated at twenty grains. The autopsy revealed congestion in every part of the body. The brain tissue had lost color, the lungs were engorged with blood, and the heart was empty. The victim’s death must have been one of terrible agony, although happily the struggle was brief. In these small doses of one hundredth of a grain nitro-glycerine is frequently prescribed for a large number of nervous disorders. I has only been in use since 1874, when its efficacy was discovered by a German chemist. I can't say that it is gaining or losing favor in medical uses; it just about holds its own. Rather a clever and far-seeing old dame Nature is, ain’t she, that she turns to our good even the worst of her products ?”—Chicago News. I.oHt lii a <*r«nt City. I recall a harrowing incident related to me twenty years ago by a young American who was wandering after nightfall with a male friend in the streets of London. The hazard of the highway 1 nought them in contact with one who shall only thus bo designated here; whether man or woman matters not. It was a temptation bearing the human form. It lured them to a house near where the sullen Thames floats blackly to the all-conceal-ing sea. The elder man was first to enter this dark abode, the younger followed in his wake, when to the inexpressible horror of the latter, he beheld his friend sink through the steps of a spring staircase, down, down, to the cave where the thieves began their work and the murderers finished it, the Thames’ inky waters told no tales. The younger man saw all this, hut could not move a linger to save his friend, so quickly was the black deed done. One further step and this had born his doom as well; but the light foot of resolute youth and the happy accident of an unlatched door brought him, in a dazed condition, to the street again. Rushing with maddening speed for the poliep, he was horrified to discover that he could not lead them to the spot. London is not a town. It is a nation. How point out any special house seen dimly only once? Street after street was tried, and house after house, and prim respectability opened doors to their knock, and looked surprised, and said “Good night.” And still no clew; not a single trace of the missing man! Nor from that hour to this has one gleam of light ever been shed upon his mysterious doom.—Olive Logan in Cincinnati Enquirer. Improvement in the Soda JEnginr. An improvement has been made in the Honigmnn soda or tireless locomotive, a specimen of which was tried on the Adams Street I’aasenger railway a few months ago. It is a new method of evaporating the water out of the causticsoda solution after it has become too dilute to be effective in heating. The method consists in inverting the process. The soda remains in its own tank, next the water boiler, into which high pressure steam is turned from a stationary boiler. The raised temperature of the water is communicated to the soda, which is also in communication with the air. The water in the soda is thus driven off, until the ladling point of the soda so lution is equal to the temperature of the steam which is being used used for heating, after which the soda engine is disconnected from the stationary boiler arid is ready for use.—Scientilic Journal.

THE CAPTURE OF FORT FISHER.

At the foot of the Great Kartlnvorlue— Fighting at Close Quarters. About the time that it was evident that the naval attack was not to succeed there emerged from the scrubby wood north of the fort the troops destined to assault the place. These were veterans from the Army of the James. Buddenly, at a “right shoulder shift” and a “doublequick," the line swept across the sandy plain which extended from the place of starting to the base of the huge mamelons which, running from sea to river, formed the northern side of the fort. The onward sweep never ceased, although it swayed at times when the g:q>s were cut hi it. Such a cl : re " soon carried them to the palisade at tiie foot of the great earthworks, and the pioneers’ axes began to gleam in the western sun, as they chopi>ed away at the palings, already shattered in some places by the bombardment. The tire of small arms now became incessant, as the assailants began to respond. After what seemed a long delay we saw the line pass through the obstruction and in another moment they and their colors were seen on one of the western mamelons, sharply detined against the sky. Then there was a sharp musketry light and men, killed and wounded, rolled down the steep incline; yells of de--liance and shouts of command grew louder and louder, and then there comp a rush, a pell-mell struggle, and we saw the colors slowly rise and then established on the top of the next mound. Then more lighting, another rush and the next mound was taken, after the most determined resistance. Seeing this, Gen. Tn-ry signaled the Ironclads to tire into the easterly traverses and clear them out, which was done witli wonderful precision, until the advancing light rendered the shelling as dangerous to our own troops as to the enemy. The Confederates fought like tigers and the sun went down and night closed in while this desperate infantry tight was going on, rendering it impossible to distinguish friends from foes by our glasses. Fearfully anxious, yet confident, we waited on the deck, listening to the varying sounds as the two parties fought at close quarters, guided in their fire by the Hashes of their opponents’ muskets. At last, about 10 o’clock at night, there was tremendous cheering and the tide of battle suddenly swept away down towards Federal Point, where the remnant of the garrison, about ",000 in number, laid down their arms. The surrender was instantly telegraphed to the fleet by means of signal lanterns, and every ship sent up round after round of hearty cheers; not only for joy at the achievement, but because there wa an end, at last, of the weary blockade, on that dangerous coast, of a most important ]>oint—so important, indeed, that Gen. Lee had telegraphed not long liefore, “that it must he held, at any cost, otherwise lie must evacuate Richmond.”—“E. S.” in Philadelphia Times. A Hindoo lluMbamrM Strict Creed. Tlie Hindoo idea of marriage is curious; A man both day and night must keep his wife so much in subjection that she by no means be mistress of her own actions. If the wife have her own free will, notwithstanding she is of superior caste, she will go amiss. A woman shall never go out of her house without the consent of her husband, and shall pay proper respect to her husband's father, the spiritual guide and her guests, and shall not eat until she lias first served them with victuals (if it is medicine, she may take it before they eat); a woman shall never go to a stranger’s house, and shall not stand at the door and must never look out of the window. If a woman, following her own inclinations, goes whithersoever she chooses, and does not regard the wishes of her master, such a woman shall he turned away. If a man goes on a journey, his wife shall not divert herself by play, nor sec any public, show, nor laugh, nor dress herself with jewels or fine clothes, nor see dancing, nor hear music, nor sit at the window, nor ride, nor behold anything rare or choice, but shall fasten well the house door and remain private; ami shall not eat any dainty victuals, and shall not view herself in a mirror; she shall not excerciso hei-self in any agreeable employment during the absence of her husband.—Philadelphia Call. Day's Work of Our Grandfatliers. A gentleman whose recollection of affairs of long ago is very clear, says in regard to tiie hours of labor back in the ’20’s: “The day’s work sixty years ago was from ‘sun to sun,’ that is beginning at sunrise and leaving off at sunset. This, of course made a largo difference in the length of days between summer and winter; consequently the building was mostly done in the long days of summer. The price then paid for labor was from 75 cents to $1 i**r day, and to carpenters and masons f 1.25 to #1.50 per day. The bell in the clock steeple of Dr. Lathroy'a meeting-house was, by order of the town, rung at 7 o’clock for breakfast, at 11 o’clock for luncheon, 1 o'clock for dinner, 4 o’clock for luncheon, and at 9 o’clock at night for all apprentices to go tolled. The employer then furnished at 11 o’clock ‘black strap’ (New England nun and molasses) and hard bread and cheese, and at 4 o’clock another dram of ‘black strap.’ This dram was carried to the workmen to save time. About fifty years ago one Seth Luther set up as reformer that ten hours of labor was the proper time. He neglected his work (that of a stonemason) and died in tho poor-house.”—Boston Transcript. KIllinK the Condor of (ho Amlon. The Chilian government is charged with carrying on a novel war against tho condor of the Andes, looking to its extermination. It has issued a proclamation declaring the bird to be an enemy to the republic, and offering a bounty of $5 a bead for every condor killed. The gigantic vulture has increased so rapidly in the past few years all along tho western slope of the great mountain chain that it has become a, public nuisance.— The Argonaut.

LIFE OF THE RUSSIAN PEASANT.

A 1‘Ulftil »in<l Wrvtchrd l.ot—I.ally Hab-it.—-Recreation—Vi I luge A B«emb1 lc«. The life of the H issian peasant is full of misery and wretehednews. The constant care and hard struggle for Ins daily existence, the heavy taxes that he is burdened with and which he is liound lo j ay under any circumstances, all this is sufficient to deprive hint of all the enterprise and ambition that are jieculiar to the more civilized and consequently more hapjiy nations. ..Total darkness and blind superstition are the main features of Ids character. The belief in the evil sjiirit as a mighty power, having a great deal to do in the fate of every individual, has taken deep root in his mind and no reason seems able to extricate it. Any tale of the sujieniatural is taken as a matter of fact and any matter of feet is looked upon rather skeptically. I can recall facts of shocking superstition that will to a certain extent illustrate the character of the peasant. One happened in a small village in the vicinity of Kief. On one dark, rainy autumn night a pov-ert-stricken old man threw an infant into the river, or, as be said, handed it over to the devil in exchange for a juirse of gold that ho sujiposed was hidden in a certain secluded place and that could not he found unless some innocent human being were sacrificed. In another village a sick woman was choked to death by her kind neighbors in their desperate efforts to squeeze the devil out of her • throat. Furthermore, an old woman, a supposed witch, was beaten to death by the villagers for bringing a pestilence upon the cattle through the aid and influence of the evil one. These are a few of the incidents that occur daily in the peasant's life. The American reader can hardly imagine anything more miserable, more wretched than the little hut in which a family, averaging six or seven members, is often found living. Imagine a little cave of 5x4, half of which is cut off by a primitive large stove, dark and gloomy, and that will be the “sweet home” of tho Russian peasant. Every inch of space is inhabited, so that, as a matter of course, the air is made poisonous and intolerable and this explains the frequent fatal diseases prevailing among the Russian jieasantry. The daily habits and methods of life are of the simplest character. Five o’clock in the morning, in all seasons, is generally the hour at which a family rises. The woman immediately begins to prepare breakfast, which generally consists of a mixture of sourkrout, beets and potatoes, called “borshteh,” and coarse rye bread. A large trunk, the only piece of furniture to be seen in a peasant’s but, which at the same time serves as a table, is spread with a coarse cover and after saying jirayer the head of the family, followed by the rest of the members, occupies his seat. After the “borshteh” ]>ot is emptied every one goes out to his work. If it is winter time the men are engaged in feeding the cattle and the women in spinning their tlax. Every one has his hands full. A 12 o’clock dinner is announced. Again “borshteh” on the trunk table, followed by potfull of bofled potatoes and plenty of coarse rye bread. Supper consists of the remnants of dinner. On Sundays, however, or days of festival, an epicurean piece of salt jxirk or mutton and fresh rye bread—which the peasant, and still more his better half, is very fond of— adorn the table. White bread, tea or coffee are looked upon as a luxury beyond the reach of the peasantry. It is only on very rare occasions—if, for example, any one of the family is sick— that such a luxury finds place in the peasant's home. After a day’s work is over the peasant goes out for recreation. The tavern, which is the only place of attraction for him, is generally crowded in the evenings. The most burning topics of the day are discussed there. What strikes a stranger who is present at one of such meetings is the absolute confusion which characterizes its proceedings. All speak at once, no one listens and the debates are scenes of wild disorder. But there is no rule without an exception; an orator may sometimes command general attention. In such cases utter silence prevails and those who interrupt are ordered to “shut up.” As a general thing, however, everybody is arguing at the top of his voice, a wild uproar goes on, which oftentimes ends in a fight. Balloting is unknown in the Russian village assemblies. Every question, of whatever character, must be settled unanimously. The settlement of a question mostly depends on tho proposal tho starosta (village official), or any other imjxirtnnt person of the village, whose influence conciliates all interests and wins the suffrage of the entire gromada (community). To reach this consummation, however, thorough debates and a good threshing of the subject discussed are indispensable. Every one must freely express his opinion and shout out at the top of his voice his arguments before any concessions are made. It is worth while to mention that deajtotism, tho characteristic feature of tho Russian government, predominates also here. The strongest and most influential, as a general thing, are sure of carrying out their schemes. With all the apparent freedom of speech and expression of opinion that every one indulges in, it is not the majority, but the strongest minority, that is the ruler. There are eases on record of a gromada locking up their stubborn members, if such were looked upon as obstacles to earrying out a certain scheme. What the influential part of the gromada decides upon every one must consent to.— Skidelslty in Philadelphia Times. Dlnrriinlnntlnn In Alrilnc Others. Truly benevolent men must often incur the charge of close-fistedness in order that they may have the means to relieve the wants of really worthy people. Old Ben Franklin, who was the very soul of generosity, is to this day very often called close-listed because he exercised a wise discrimination in aiding others. Any man in a conspicuous position who does not say No 100 times a month will soon be unable to say Yes when the re ally destitute apply for help.—New York Ledger.

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