Bloomington Telephone, Volume 11, Number 21, Bloomington, Monroe County, 20 September 1887 — Page 3

SEVER TO SW1H6. The Supreme Court of Illinois Enters a Baling Against the Anarchists.

Spies, Schwab, Lingg. Fielden, Parsons, Fischer, and Engel to Be Hanged.

Their Cennsel Will Take the Case to the United States Supreme Court.

How the Condemned Hen Bear Themselves Precautionary Measures Taken.

Chicago special. Justice H&grnder, tor the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois, sitting at Ottawa, on Wednesday, affirmed the finding of the Criminal Court of Cook County, and thereby sentenced to death August Spies, Michael Schwab, Samuel Fielden, Albert B. Parsons, Adolph Fischer, George Engel, and Louis Lingc, found Siilty of the murder of Policeman Matthias )'. egan. By the same finding Oscar W. Neebe goes to the penitentiary for fifteen years. The oate of the execution is fixed for Not. 11. The crime charged is the throwing of a dynamite bomb on the evening of May 4, 1886, at a meeting held in Haymarket Square, corner of Bandolph and Desplaines streets, Chicago, when seven policemen were killed and a number more injured. It is undisputed that the bomb was thrown, and that it was the cause of Degan's death, but there is not evidence to show that any one of the defendants had a hand in throwing it. It is conceded that no one of them actually committed the deed. The charge it that they were accessories before the fact. There are sixty-nine counts in the indictment. Some of the counts charge that the eight defendants above named, being present, abetted and assisted in the throwing of the bomb; others, that, not being present, aiding, abetting, or assisting, thev advised, encouraged, aided, and abetted such throwing, borne Of the counts charge that said defendants ad-

sections were to fee commanded by details from the Lehr und Vohr Vorein if called into action. The proof shows that it was this organization, which called the meeting of May 4, during which the bomb was thrown. This bomb was spherical in shape, filled with dynamite and lighted by a fuae. The globe was of composite metal mainly tin and lead, with a trace of antimony. This composition is u'ta commercial metal, and yet Liugg was discovered making bombs of exactly the some material, of the same form, and coiresponding ho nicely that the nut which fitted the bolt which held the Harmarket bomb together, also fitted the threads of otter belts found in Lingg's room, and which were intended to hold together other Bimilor bombs. The evidence also shows that the meeting of May 4 was the result of a previous conference at which all the defendants took part; that the call for the meeting, the word "nthp was printed in two new spapers which some of the defendants controlled ; that at that meeting when a speaker sale. "We are peaceable," he uswd the word ruhe." which was the signal for the bomb-throwing, ind immediately the bomb was thrown. It is held that the police were right in their presence at the ireeting. The times were troublous, strikes wero everywhere. There hod been trouble at McOormick's the day before, and the circulars vhich called the meeting were threatening in thtir character. Hence it was the duty of the police to be on hand to protect the peace and to break up the meeting, which was not an orderly one. In view of the facts presented by the record, the finaing is 1hat th defendants were encaged in a common conspiracy ; that that conspiracy wasfortne purpose of overthrowing the law; that the meeting wae called to further the conspiracy, and the bom b-throwing was the result of it; that Officer Pr ; an died from wounds received from the explosion of the bomb. Held, that the defendants are guilty of murder as accessories before the fict. Justice Mulkey thought there was error in the record, but not enough to vitiate the verdict. He did not file an opinion. THE FATED SEVEN HEAR THE NEWS. The scenes at the County Jail yesterday were somewhat exciting. At the mornine hour the usual visitations were not disturbed until about six minutes before the signal was given for the anarchists to return to their cells. It was then that August Spies received a telegram from Carl Ax w anal, editor of the Ottawa German Herald informing him that there was no hope from that quarter. The teleerom was passed from one to the other of the condemned men, but its contents was not fully realized when they were ordered into confinement, so that there was no opportunity for them to exhibit their feelings to those who were visiting the cage. They had not long to meditate uoon the sad tidings, however, when they were disturbed by missives from newspaper reporters asking the "special

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vised, encouraged, aided, and abetted cne Budolph Schnaubelt in the perpetration of the crime ; others, that they advised, encouraged, aided and abetted an unknown person in the perpetration thereof. The statute on this subject reads : "Sec. l2. An accessory i he who stands by and aids, abt ts, or assists, or who, not being present, aiding, abetting, or assisting, hath advised, encouraged, aided or abetted the perpetration c f the crime. He who thus aids, abets, assists, advises or encourages shall be considered as principal and punished accordingly. "Kverv such accessory, when a crime is committed within or without this State by his aid or procurement in this State, may be indicted and convicted at the same time as the principal, or before or after his conviction, and whether the principal is convicted or amenable to justice or not, end punished as principal. " In consideration of this statute the court asks the questions : Did the defendants have a common purpose or design to advise, encourage, aid, or abet tie murder of the police? Did they combine together and with others with a view to carrying that purpose or design into effect? Did they, or either, or any of them, do such acta or make such declarations In furtherance of the common purpose or design as did actual! y have the effect of encouraging, aiding, or abetting the crime in question? The questions are based on the propositions of law as lalid down by the court and sustained by previous decisions' of this and other State h. The premises are held that if the defendants advised, encouraged. Aided, or abetted the killing of Deegan they are as guilty as though thev took his life with their own hands. If any cf them stood by atd aided, abetted, or assisted in the throwing of the bomb, those of them wb 3 did so are as guilty as though they threw it themselves . Joined to this is the charge that the defendants formed a common purpose and wer-3 united in a common design to aid and encourage the murder of the policemen among whom the bomb was thrown, "f they combined to accomplish such murder by concerted action tha ordinary law of conspiracy is applicable, and the acts' and declarations of one of them, done in furtherance of the common design are, i a contemplation of law, the acts and declarators of all. This prosecution, however, is not for conspiracy as a substantive crime. Proof of conspiracy la only proper so far as it may tend to show a common design to encourage the murder charged against the prisoners. It mr.y be introduced for the purpose of establishing the portion of the members of the combination OS accessories to the crime of murder. Also the state to abolishes the distinction between accessories before the fact and principals. By it all accessories before the fact are made principals. As the acts of the principal are thns made the acts of the accessory, the 1 attar may be charged 'as having done the acts himself, and may be indicted and punished accordingly. Following the propositions of law above laid down, the court hold that the evidence und ar them amply sustains the charge that the defendants were engaged in a great conspiracy to overthrow the law, and that the throwing af the bomb in Haymarket Square on the evening of May 4 was the direct result of that conspiracy. First, there was at that time existing in Chicago an organization of Socialists or Anarchists whose purpose was the overthrow of all laws which were enacted for the protection of private property. This overthrows! was to be accomplished by force. The organization was a national one, divided Into groups, eighty in all, of which there wero located in Chicago, the North Side, with headquarters at No. 58 Clj'bonm avenue; the Northwest? side, No. 8G Milwaukee avenue; the American, No. 54 Wefit Lake street; the Karemork, No. 63 Emma street : the Southwest. No. 611 Tbroop street ; the Jefferson, No. 600 Milwaukee avenue, and the Freiheit, on Sherman street Schwab, Neebe, and Iiing belonged to the North Side group; Engel and Fischer to the Northwest ; Spies, Parsons, and Fielden to the American. Connected with these groups were armed sections, the Lehr und Wehr Vereln, containing one thousand drilled men, and these soldiers 'vfl'o known by numbers instead of names, &v fc. for seoreey being su great. The other armed

favor" of an interview. The old rule still held good. That is to say, an accredits dreporter would be admitted to the doors of their cells upon their request. It must probably be admitted that the reporters, generally sneaking, had not won the confidence of the anarchists to a very bigh degree, and in this hour of their great grief the condemned men probably turned to a remembrance of some of their long-fc rgotten prayers, ani found more consolation therein than from rp"r:orial vie its. At any ratu, they one and all returned tho same answer to these applications, to wit: "There is no answer." The hours passed wearily, if riot sadlv, with the condemned men. The visitor to the cage could easily watch their movements as they passed to and fro in their ceils. Lingg appeared less stubborn than usual. He took down from the shelf ir his cell the several little pieces of handiwork which he has made since his confinement, and seemed to contemplate them fondly, yet sadly He arranged them before htm, and then appeared to assume nn attitude of prayer. A careful observation of the manner in which he placed his hands and his occasional movement of them told' plainly that the ironhearted German bembmaker had been conquered, and was going back to the recollections of an early German Christian home and endeavoring to recall them for his own consolation in this hour of trial. The reporter called Chief Turnkey Pearce to the scone, and he, comprehending its import, turned away without a remark. Engel sat with his lace buried in his hands and did not move during the two hours that he was more or less constantly observed. Fischer passed to and fro in his cell with the agility and nervousness of a tigress. Fielden was restless, but appeared to be packing up his cell effects as if it were ;novingday. Schwab sat in plain view of the I' arty in the cage reading a newspaper in a calm, careless attitude. Spies was examining photographs, probably one of Nina, and came to his cell door occasionally with a smile of contempt for those whom the recognized below. Parsons was too sly to render his actions visible. TO THE FEDKRAL SUPREME COURT. The attorneys for the condemned men will next make an appeal to the United States Supremo Court. Tho brief in the case has already born prepared. Tho first point raised is on m alleged error in Judge Gary' rullugs concerning tho selection of the jury. In this connection the sixth amendment of the Constitution is quoted r "In all criminal prosecutions th6 seen atd shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury." Thei second point raisecf is regarding the forcible tie arch of the editorial rooms of the A rbeiter Ztitimti. In this connection the fourth amendment to the Constitution is quoted : "The right of the people to be secure in their persona, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated." It is claimed, of course, that the forcing one n of Spies desk, whereby tho letters of Hon Most were discevered, is a violation of this provision of the Constitution. Tho third error claimed is that Spies was compelled to be a witness against himself and against all of the defendants when he was compelled to state whether or not he had received the fumouH Most letters. The fifth amendment to tho Constitution is quoted in support of this contention : "Nor shall any person be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself." The fourth error claimed is supported by the sixth and eighth amendments to the Constitution, as follows ; "In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation ;" and "Cruel and unusual punishment shall not be inflicted." On this head the defense claim that, while a conspiracy to incite may have been proved, a conspiracy to use violence was not proved, but that, nevertheless, the penalties of the latter were administered. Tho fifth error which the United States Supreme Court will be naked to pass upon is the right of the defendants to preach and teach socialism and imarchy. In support of thin the firgt amendment to the Constitution is cited ; Congress shall make no laws respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof." The point may seem a little far-fetched, but it is proposed to protect the teachers of anarchy end socialism by this constitutional provision.

But the point upon which the main hopes of tho Anarchists rest with the Supreme Court of the United States is the alleged error concerning tho right of the prisoners to hold the Haymarket meeting. The first amendment to the Constitution is quoted : "Congro s shall make no laws abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or of tho right of the people peaceably to assemble." It is believed by tho attorneys for the condemned men that one or moro of these errors will be found available for their p.irpose. Tho procedure in reaching the United States Supreme Court in the ease cannot be determined until the full text of the State Court opinion is examined. If tho latter cite-; all constitutional points raise 1 in tho record, thea the defeu3o will have nothing more to do with that Court, but if, as is often the case, some of th se points raised are not replied to, then it will bo necessary for tho attorneys for the Anarchists to apply to tho Chief Justice of the Stat Supreme Court for i certificate to the effect that the record contains such allowed errors. With this certifier 1 - if one be obtained, and tho complete rocc-rd of the case from Judge Gary's court, and from the Supreme Court of Illinois, application will be mado to one of the Justices of tho United States Su preme Court for a writ of error aud supersedeas. If the former is granted, of course tho latter wi.'l be, and tho next step will bo to argue the ease before that court A writ of error may be granted by any one of the Justices of tho Foderal Mupreme Court. KXKCt TIVE CLEM KNOT, A movement is at once to be inangirated to circulate u petition for Kxecutive clemency. This was started at tue time the verdict in Judge Gary's court was rendered, but was soon alt.rwurd dropped until the decision of the Supreme Court should bo reached. Now it is to be undertaken in earnest. POLICE PRECAUTIONS. Ample precautions against an outbreak or violence cf any kind on the part of th s anarchists have been taUon by both the police and shrievalty authorities. DEFENSE COMMITTER. The Arifjrchist Pefenae Committee has entered upon a new lease of activity, As soon as the decision of tho Supreme Court tha" the condemned men wero to hang Nov. 11 was received, a meeting of the committee was at once called, and steps taken to raise money 'to defray the expense of an appeal to the highest court in the land.

The Queen's Necklace. The disastrous episode in the career of Marie Antoinette, "which, by associating the Queen's name with the scandalous adventures of a diamond necklace, seems instinct with fiendish irony, has been so frequently and, in one or two instances, so graphically described, that only a few words of continent will be ventured upon hero. If in this untoward incident it be possible to detect een a shadow of blame upon Marie Antoinette, it is referrable solely to her known infatuation for euch costly trinkets. There existed ample proofs to establish the fact that the necklace had been stolen by a disreputable woman, who sought to implicate the Queen in the nefarious transaction in order to secure a very likely means of escape from tho probable consequences of her crime. Her method of procedure was very ingenious. Being at the time on questionable terms of intimacy with the Cardinal de Bohan, whose position gave him access to the Queen, she cunningly contrived to convert him into a docile instrument for her purpose. Now, it is notorious that this man was ever conspiring, either openly or secretly, against the Queen, and that he never enjoyed, nor was he ever worthy to enjoy, "her confidence. By most of those who know him he was regarded as a mere scoundrel ; and there is an opinion of him, expressed many years before the unfortunate event in question happened, the unfavorable character of which was surely not lessened as timo advanced. It is thus that -Maria-Theresa describes him when, in 177:, he represented France at the Austrian court: ''The Prince de Boban displeases me more and more. Without talents, without prudence, and openly depraved in manners, he sustains very badly the character of ambassador and ecclesiastic." A man presenting such qualities would surely feel very congenially disposed to accept a part in the conspiracy suggested to him; not, it may be conceded, lending himself tb the chief but concealed object contemplated by his temptress the purloining of the necklace but as a promising means of casting an ignominious stain upon Marie Antoinette, To this end he forged the Queen's name to a document seemingly authorizing him to purchase the necklace, and thus succeeded in mystifying the jewelers to whom the diamonds belonged. "When very conclusive evidence of guilt was brought home to the culprits the thief was, to a certain extent, punished, while the forger the far greater criminal, the man who sought to befoul the fair imputation of the Queen was acquitted. This acquittal was brough about through the influence of a certain dominant court cabal and prolonged for some time because seeming to justify the triumph of malice. Gentleman's Magazine. A Do? as a Reminder. Two friends meet in the street, "The last time I saw you I remember that you complained of vour well." "Yes." "You were afraid that somebody's dog might have fallen into it," "Yes." 44 And told me that you were going to move away." "Yes, I did." "But I see you have not gone." "That's so." "Did you have the well cleaned out?" "No. " "Discovered. I suppose, that it was all imagination?" "No, for the water still has the same taste, but to tell you tho truth, we rather like it." "Like it I" "Yes, you see, we went to a watering place and drank the mineral waters, and up?n coming home found our well water to be such an improvement that we decided not to have the well cleaned out. In fact, when all the symptoms of the dog disappear, I'm going to catch another dog and throw him in merely to remind us that we ought to be thankful that our well is so much better than many of the celobrated springs." Arkarwaw Traveler. A man who would scarce be induced to expose his unclothed bodv, even to a village of prairie-dogs, will complacently display a mind as naked as the day it was born, without so much as a fig-leaf of acquirement on it, in every gallery of Europe. Lowelh It is shown tj oflicial returns that the production of anthracite coal in Pennsylvania the last fiscal year was nearly thirty-six millions of tons. Temperance is a tree which has contentment for its roots and peace for its fruit

REMINISCENCES OF PUBLIC MEN. BY 13 EN I PKLY TOOKE. The funeral of John Quincy Adams was celebrated at Washington, on tha 2(ith of February, 1848. Minute gims wore fired, the Executive Departments wore put in mourning, and many of the private buildings in Pennsylvania avenue were also linns' with black. The

stores were closed, aud jj.11 business suspended. The various societies and public bodies commenced forming at 11 o'clock, and moved toward the Capitol under military escort. Tho crowd in and around the Capitol was unprecedented. Many people had como in from the country around to witness the ceremonies. A large portion of tho Legislature of Maryland and many citizens from Annapolis and Baltimore were present At ten minutes before ItJ o'clock the Speaker called the House to order, at which moment the bell on Capitol Hill commenced its solemn tolling, as the signal for the commencement of the ceremonies. The President of the United States and heads of the departments entered the hall, the former taking his seat, on the right of the Speaker. The judges, of the Supreme Court in their gowns, the otticers of the Army and Navy in fud uniform, the foreign ministers aud their suites in splendid costume, followed, and took their seats upon tho right and left of the area, in front of the Speaker's cliair. The Senate of the United States then entered, with the Vice Fresidcnt, the latter taking his seat on the Speaker's left Mr. C. F. Adams and others of the family, and friends of t'ue deceased, occupied a range of scats provided for them on the left of the area. After a pause of some minutes, Senators Webster and Davis, and a Massachusetts delegation, us mourners, and in black scarfs and bands, entered the hall pre ceding the coffin, which was brought in in charge of the pall- bearers and the committee of arrangements. The coffin was placed on the bier in the area in front of the Speaker. After depositing the coffin, thojie who had it i:i charge remained standing around it for a number of minutes in impressive silence, while the whole assembly rose. The coffin, v hich was of lead, enclosed in mahogany, was silver mounted and covered with black silk velvet trimmed with silver. A silver heart-shaped plate, decorated with a spread eagle, bore the following inscription, which was written, at the request of the Massachusetts delegation, by Daniel Webster, to wit : John Quincy Adams, Born, An inhabitant of Massachusetts, July 11, 1707. Die J, A citizen of tho United States, la the Capitol at Washing-ton, February 23, l&ifc, Having served his country for half a century, and Enjoyed its highest Honors. The hangings over the Speaker's! chair were shrouded in black, as also was the figure of history, over the principal entrance, and the portraits of Washington and Lafayette, etc Th Chaplain of the House opened t he service with prayer. This was followed by a solemn dirge sung by a choir in. the ladies' gallery. An appropriate address was delivered by the chaplain, occupying about fifty minutes. ThS closing hymn was sung by tho choir, and the funeral procession was then formed, moving through the rotunda to the east portico of the Capitol, where the carriages were in waiting. The funeral car, though simple, was very tasteful and elegant. The bier was decorated with funeral urns, and the canopy over tho coilin was surmounted by an eagle, the whole being covered with velvet and crape. The oar was drawn by six elegant white horses, caparisoned in black, and led by grooms in white scarfs. The funeral cortege, preceded by a troop of horses and a battalioa of infantry, moved in long and imposing procession to the Congressional cemetery. The coffin was then deposited in the receiving vault, after the performance of the burial service of the Protestant Episcopal Church, but was subsequently removed to the family tomb at Quincy, Mass. George Ashmun used to tell a story about an auctioneer who was provokingly annoyed while in the oxercMse oi; his profession by the ludicrous bids of & fellow whose sole object seemed to l to make sport for tho buyers rather than himself to buy. At length, enraged beyond endurance, the knight of the ivory-headed hammer, looking round the room for a champion tc avenge his wrongs, fixed his eyes upon a biped of huge dimensions, a very monarch in strength, and cried out: "Marlow, what shall I give you to put that fellow out?" "I take one $5 bill." "Done! done! you shall have ife.M Assuming the ferocious, knitting his brows, spreading his nostrils like a lion's, and putting on the wolf all over his head and shoulders, old Marlow strode off to the aggressor, ami, seizing the terrified wretch by the collar, said to him in a whisper that was heard all oxer the room. "My good frill, you go out with me I give you half the money !" "Done! done!" said the fellow. "Hurrah! hurrah!" 6houted the audience. The auctioneer had tho good sense to join in tho laugh, and coolly forked out the V. Gambling Hells iu Paris. The Paris gambling hells are rather busy just now, more particularly those in which women play. A police inspector and his men made two swoops on a recent evening. In one place in the Hue de la Terrassee fifteen females were playing with all their might when the agents of the law entered the room and seized a sum of about '2M which was on the table, as well as tho roulette and tho dice. A less important seizure was fleeted in a housa in the Hue de .laquomont, where eighteen females of the fashionable cocotte type were at the tables. One of them remarked to the police that she wished they had put in an appearance on the night before, as

j they might have hindered her from

losing an insignificant matter of 300 or thereabout In t his place about 15 was seized, the women having had time to thrust a good deal of the gold and bank nates in their pockets. The proprietresses of the hells wero arreste1, the others being allowed to go awfry. The mania for gambling in hells and on the race courses which has been developed of late years among the Paris

oourtesans from the emouquette or troleuse of the streets to tile dashing Apasias of the boudoirs and the Boist is, according to the best social authorities, to be traced partly to the decline in their ignoble earnings, and partly to their desire to kill time, which hangs heavily on their hands. We are far from the dazzling females described by the younger Dumas in the "Lady of the Camillas," who, like Anna Deslions, literally thing their gold away to show that they despised it, and who, when playing, were absolutely indifferent to their gains or losses. Nowadays the frail denizens of the Quartier Breda and the Quartier de TEurope play methodically and with a vengeance. In the same way they gamble on the turf, and it is even complained by their admirers that they sink their passion for dress and appear, contrary to all the canons of Parisian millinery, in slovenly waterproofs fond ill-fitting boots on the Pelouse of Longchamps or Chantilly, so absorbed are they in their betting speculations. London Exchange. The Science of Sails. Like a bird's wing, the first need for all effective sail is a rigid leading edge or weather leech; obtained in the square and lug sails by the drag of a bowline, in the lateen-sail by the yard or bone of the sail-wing itself, in staysails by the rigidity of the mast or supporting stay, and in jibs by the powerful hoisting purchase and uae of

chain for halyards. Before the introduction of chain, the jib. like the first string of a violin, was constantly getting out of tune, and in want of setting up. Another point in a good sail is that the after-edge, when held in place by the sheet, should be as nearly upright or vertical as possible, This edge is always parallel to the Beams of the sail, and, like the after-edge of a wing, unconfined by anything more than a hem or lightest of rope, sa,ve where a reef-band requires strength. The cloth at this edge of a jib is at times seen shaking while the rest of the canvas is as still as though frozen, and it is better the wind should pass it freely so than be girt in or held by it. The cloths of a jib are cut a little convex upon the leading edge, and unless the position of tho sheet were carefully fixed with respect to this convexity, the luff of a jib would be concave instead of straight when roped and hoisted. There is an old sea saying, often used, too, by lindsmen without knowing why, viz. : UI knew him by the cut of his jib," a jib really having more cut about it than other sails. Though few practical sail-makers, or users of them, know really much of algebraic formula, they have their rules, handed down to them from old time, for cutting out sails, and as wind and water are very conservative elements, they seldom go far wrong. Among these rules is that of working by thirds, that is, when at a loss as to the best proportion for one thing toward another, to take a third. The boat always takes her third of the fish caught, a yard of a 1ug-sail is slung a third from the end, the most convex part of ihe jib is at one-third of the luff from the track, and the sheet exactly opposite this point. A pious adhereuce to this old mystery saves much c alculation and trouble, and when ship-builders thought a third a good proportion of beam to length, a fair amount of stability was insured to our ships. Sailors speak of a sail as lifting or pressing quite independently of its power of driving a vessel ahead. All jibs a:re lifting sails, which do their work with least tendency to force a vessel's lee side down. They are safe sails to jibe or veer round under before the wind; hanc, perhaps, the term "jibe." The angle at which the weather edge of a jib stands has much to do with this lifting quality, for a cutter's foresail, though triangular, is not found a lifting Bail. Next to a jib, the sail which has most of this power is no doubt tho lateen (latin?) sail of the South, particularly as set upon the foremast of a felucca, while the splendid lifting power oi: tho lateensail may have led to its be:tng retained as the head sail in the str ange combination of rigs seen in the Turkish vessel which is known as a xebec. In many respects the rig of an old French man-of-war ketch, witu her stay-sail and two jibs in place of tho foremast and great lateen-sail, is a.n improvement, her stay-sail and jibs being lighter to handle, though in a sea-way her long bowsprit would be nn objection, and with the wind a trifle free, the single spread of canvas for the lateen-sail would give more speed. Robert C. Leslie, in Harper's Magazine. Musical Mexican Be2K In the large tower hangs the monster bell, which is rarely sounded, but there are many others of moderate size which are continually chiming. All these bells, and indeed nearly all tho bells in the republic, are remarkable for sweetness and softness of tone. It is very rarely that one hears a harsh bell. They are exceedingly melodious and pleasing. It is sometimes explained that this is due to the mixture of silver in tlx bell-metal, and that the new bells are cast from old metal. I believe that the chief reason why the Mexican bells are so much more musical than ours is that the Mexican bells are artistically made, shaped with reference to tone, thin s,t the edge, each one a work of art intelligently manipulated, not mechanically cast without reference to the sound it shall produce. The great bells are struck with a clapper, and not swung. There would be much less objection to tLe use of church bells in the United States tho harsh and barbarous jangle which shocks tho Sunday stillness if our bells had any of the musical quality of the Mexican, 67 a rles Dudley War net; in Harper's Magazine. Scientific Prfces. The Prussian Society i'o:r the Promotion of Industry has offered two prizes, the competition for one to close with 18S7, and for the other with 188a The first prize is about $750 for the most exhaustive critical comparsion of all kinds of existing bronze, tombac, and brass alloys, used or recommended for machinery ; the second is $1,250 for the best work on light and boat radiation of burning gases.

ROMANCE OF A CONFEDERATE FL AG.

Its Owner Captive H hrou&li Plucky Union GlrL Ame:ricua (Sa.) Republican. I was a regular rebel soldier, in th Confederate army over four years, enjoyed its t riumphs, took my part of ite defeats to heart as much as any one, starved, suffered, bled, froze, and melted in winter and summer under the glorious cross of the South, with a heart as lull of devotion as a child could have for a mother or a devotee to his true and beneficient God. When I first started out from the loveliest t3wn in an adjoining State, ft lovely daughter of the city gave me ft Confederate flag, made of silk, witt the bars and 6 tarry decorated cross, shilling and gleaming with gold and silver threads. It was a pretty thing and I carried it hid in an inside pocket for it was not larger than a gentleman's handkercliief. I carried it wherever I went, for I had promised to plant it on the Washington Monument if I ever got there. While Lee's army was encamped near Chambersburg, Pa, one June afternoon I strolled out with Felii: C and about four miles from camp found a cosy retreat in a cottage inhabited by an elderly lady and a beautiful girl of about 18 years. We got a good dinner and heard the ladies deplore the war, for they had relatives South with whom they spent the summer every year until the war broke out Now this pleasure was debarred. "Wliile they we::e talking I went to a cool shade and soon fell asleep, and then Felix, forgetting my presence, left me. About two hours after I was awakened by tho ycug girl and some one talldng; and found that a wounded federal of ficer waii her companion. They did not know of my presence, and when they ran upon me I was awake and pretty much alive ; but as the officer re marked, "He was not in service on account of a wound received at Cedar Bun, and we could exchange civilities We hod t, pretty good talk and milk and bread where we were. During the talk I exposed the flag, which waft snatched by the girl, who exclaimed exultingly, "I have captured a rebel flag and intend to keep it." I begged for it, but she wilfully shook her head. I told her it was a present from a dear friend named Mattie, and that- she should not have it. Then she said; "Well, Eebel, sir! My name is Mnttie a good Union girl. I have my hands on the emblem of treason, a traitor's flag; and 111 keep it or die!" and her eyes flashed with fire. "I wish I were a man," she said, "that I too Slight fight." I tried to snatch the flag but she was too quick, and the officer said pretty loudly, "Here, Sergeant, bring your men quick 1" and it seemed as if I were surrounded by four or fire men in blue uniforms before I could turn around. The girl said, "Well, Lieutenant, yon can keep your prisoner ii the cellar un til you and your men have tea and led the way. Soon I was locked up alone in a cellar, wherein ther wee no security, and the girl laughed rs she waved the flag at me. I knew iiat I had to get out before supper was over and, as I pondered over my position, ft fear began to creep over me that I waa to suffer a long confinement in a Yankee prison. After an hour or two an inner door opened and Miss Mattzcv who had stolen my flag, stood lefore me, candle in hand, saying : "I (,nesfv Mr. Rebel, that you and I can come to terms. You have no arms and I can trust yon. I'll keep your flag, and for my love of friends in the South yon shall go free. Cousin Robert and his men are eating." I went through the house, found their arms, and taking off the caps, wot the tubes throughly, stole a pistol that belonged to the officer and started tot the door while the young lady was enter taining nho soldiers. I ran thirty or forty steps before they discovered my absence, when with a yell they broke for their arms. You can bet there waa no shooting. In my race toward camp two guards halted me, but as they were some distance off, I replied, "i" don1! uuderstaad," and kept running. The Dutchmen joined the pursuers, but ft detachment of Lomax's oavaliry ft proacheel and they ran the other way. I have no desire for the return of that flag now, for it has been South several times since the war, and will come again and again. To Marry er Not To Marry The expensiveness of feminine dressy habits, and fancies is the text of many complaints. The bachelor's outgo, it i alleged, is not halved, but trebled or quadrupled "on assuming the conjugal noose." Careers, it is claimed, are spoiled by premature marriage, a ad one writer htts the hardihood to affirm it to be "a matter of fact that the greatest men who have lived were childless and wifeless men. " This is explained by thft distractions of housekeeping and "the infinita tjisk of laboring to satisfy wives brought up with the idea that economy is meaness." The disposition to convert homes into costly museums of old china bric-a-brac, useless furiiture,, unappreciated books, etc., instead of studying to simplify and miu'mise the requirements of daily living, is another vice charged upon the modern woman "She makes nothing and , wants eveiy thing," one complaint puts it "Living costs too much," says another, summing up a thou sand objections in one. It may be observed, however, in regard to much of this faultfinding, that : t pro ceeds upon a narrow view of life and its objects. A pretty effective reply to all is the contribution made to the discussion by a young lady who says; "One has only to look around him to see tl.at the married men are tho most regular, temperate, law-abiding, and prosperous. Baltimore 8uru Nearly Had a Pass, Tos "You see," said a pompous timber of the Legislature to the gentleman who shared a seat with him on a rail road train, "I am traveling with ft pass." "I only like one thing of traveling with a pa3S, too," said his companion with ill-concealed irony. "And what do yon lack of traveling with a pass?" "The letter p," was the sigaiflcant reply. Newm an Independent A pig's tail is of no more uao to the ' pig than the letter "p" in pneumonia