Syracuse-Wawasee Journal, Volume 46, Number 23, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 21 March 1952 — Page 2

Syracuse-Wawasee Journal KOSCIUSKO COUNTY’S REPUBLICAN NEWSPAPER Published by The Journal Printing Co., and entered at the Syracuse. Ind., postoffice as second-class matter. 92.60 per year in Kosciusko, Elkhart, and Noble counties. 99-00 per year for all other subecrlptiona in U. S. A. J. B. COX Publisher.

TYRANNY THROUGH IGNORANCE One of the best signs of the times is the angry attention that is being given to the President’s proposed budget. Individuals and newspapers the country round have been denouncing it as an economic monstrosity which is practically beyond understanding. As an erampie, the Washington Post, which has usually followed a pro-Administration editorial policy, demanded Rebalanced budget without new taxes or further borrowings, and said, “The President’s budget estimates are almost always wrong . . The President, through his subordinates, is also influenced to exaggerate beyond normal error.’’ The Post then advocated deferring such new proposals as Federal aid to

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state educational systems, and cuts in costs all along the ITne. Life strongly criticized Congress for having lost its powers over our national pursestrings, and said, “Congress had damn well better pass some self-reform-nig acts and give itself these powers. Otherwise the Federal budget will remain the incomprehensible sign of America’s creeping retreat from political selfcontrol to tyranny through ignorance.’’ That phrase, “tyranny through ignorance,” should stick in the mind of every American who has the slightest interest in honest, efficient government, and in the preservation of economic and political freedom. When the people and their elected representatives are basically ignorant of matters affecting their welfare and very survival, the stage is all set for the appearance of the tyrant. The proposed budget is just one more grim example of how a nation can destroy itself from within. WEDDINGS HAWN - MORTON Donald Gene Hawn, 21, Cromwell, and Margaret Alice Morton, Syracuse, were united in marriage in a double ring ceremony, Friday evening at 7 o’clock by Fred Nolan, Justice of the Peace. LAMB - HOOVER Mrs. Louise Lamb, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Martin Hoover, and Norris Wise, son of Lewis Wise, of Syracuse, were united in marriage March 11 at the home of Rev. B. H. Truman, in Warsaw. Mrs. Lamb was attired in a blue suit with which she wore red and black accessories. Miss Doris Hoover was her sister’s attendant. Mr. and Mrs. Norris Wise will reside in Syracuse. He is a road construction worker. Phone us your news — 191!.

FOREIGN POLICY FOR AMERICANS A Picture of the Russian ThreatHow the Danger Was Created

' By SENATOR ROBERT A. TAFT CHAPTER 5

I pointed out in 1945 that the defects of the United Nations Charter make it completely useless against the aggression of one of the five permanent members. This result has been made apparent sooner than might have been expected by two facts—first, the revelation that Russian Communism has a spirit of aggression which recognizes no laws or obligations (as we were told by all those who knew anything about it), and, second, an Administration policy which deliberately built Russia up to a position of dangerous power.

The concessions made at Teheran, Yalta, and Potsdam and our later policies in the Far East were such as to build up Soviet Russia to a position of power which today does indeed present a threat to the security of the United States. Harry Hopkins and Averell Harriman apparently accepted completely the idea that Russia was a peaceloving nation, for it is so designated in the joint Declaration on Liberated Europe agreed to at Yalta. At Teheran Roosevelt signed a declaration welcoming all nations into a “world family of Democratic Nations,” of which Russia was apparently already one in the eyes of Roosevelt. Hopkins, and Harriman. Wallace and Davies Henry Wallace, former VicePresident and at the time of Yalta Secretary of Commerce, had made speeches about the “new democracy,” to be built by the people of the United States and of Russia. He said that anyone suggesting that the aims and purposes of the two peoples were irreconcilable was criminal, that in some ways Russia was more democratic than America. Joseph E. Davies, American ambassador to Russia before Harriman, expressed the view that the Soviet leaders were “sincerely devoted to peace” and that what they most desired was to live as good neighbors in a world at peace. My own view is that the Communists in our Government, in the labor unions, and among the writing fraternity in both New York and Hollywood were concerned with influencing people who were in a position to affect public opinion or public policy or others who could influence such people. They planted exactly the philosophy which was adopted — that communism was probably not the form of government for the United States but that it was, in fact, a form of government more or less consistent with American ideals. I could never understand how any man who went through even an American high school could reach such a conclusion. Communism, from my point of view, denies every principle of Americanism. At the Potsdam Conference (July 17-Aug. 2, 1945) for the first time, apparently. some suspicions about Soviet good faith began to arise in the minds of those who were running American foreign policy, particularly Secretary Byrnes, but, nevertheless, at Potsdam, President Truman reaffirmed all the agreements made i at Yalta and approved the Morgenithau policy in Germany and even went beyond the Yalta agreement iln some of the workings out of that ■ agreement. His agreements finally , sealed the fate of the Baltic peoples, of Poland, of Czechoslovakia, and of the Balkan states. A Gradual Change From that time on our policy of conceding everything in Europe to Russia was gradually changed, I believe very largely under the influence of Senator Vandenberg, who, at San Francisco, saw how completely impossible it was to deal with the Russians. Working with Vandenberg, Secretary Byrnes finally refused to go along with any plan which would give Russia a predominating position throughout Germany. He threatened to resign unless Henry Wallace was dismissed from the Cabinet, and President Truman complied with his advice. Gradually, in Europe our whole position changed, and we took a definite position against the expansion of Russian influence in any degree. We adopted the Marshall Plan, which proposed to give assistance to countries threatened by Russian infiltration and by communism from within. We adopted a policy of giving military aid to Turkey and Greece, which were under -direct threat of attack by the Communists. We finally ratified the Atlantic Pact and agreed to go to war with Russia if it attacked any member of that pact. In short, we completely reversed our policy in Europe and adopted the general policy, of checking the advance of communism in every way in which it could possibly be checked. But in the Far East On the other hand, in the Far East we continued to encourage the growth of the power of communism. In spite of the recommendations of the Wedemyer report on China, we finally abandoned Chiang Kaishek. The Administration fought efforts to provide money for arms to Chiang and refused to carry out the policy along that line decreed by Congress. Even when Chiang Kaishek had retired to Formosa the Administration refused to give him any assistance whatever. Mr. Acheson indicated further that America might recognize Comma-

SYRACUSE YOUTH ENLISTS IN THE ARMY Donald L. Underwood, route •!, Syracuse, enlisted with the U. S. Army for three years, according to anonuncement made Friday hy recruiters in the federal building in Fort Wayne. He has been sent to the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland to attend ordnance machinist’s school.

SYRACUSE-WAWASEE JOURNAL, Syracuse, Ind.

nist China. There is no doubt that the attitude of the Administration toward Formosa and its general weak position toward the spread of communism encouraged the war in Korea. In January 1950 Secretary Acheson stated clearly that we would fight if Japan, Okinawa, or the Philippines were attacked, but we could give no guarantee beyond that point. We had withdrawn our troops from Korea, and we thus made it clear that we would not defend South Korea if attacked. Furthermore, we even failed to arm South Korea. Policy Invited Attack There is no doubt that the Administration’s weak policy invited the Communist attack. The Communists took the Secretary of State at his word. They knew that we permitted the taking over of China by the Communists and saw no reason why we should seriously object' to the taking over of Korea. The Korean war and the problems which arise from it are the final result of the continuous sympathy toward communism which inspired American policy. The result today is that Chinese Communists have taken over practically all of continental China, and from that point they have sent armies into Korea and Tibet, and are threatening Indo-China, Burma, Thailand, and all of Southeast Asia. The result of the Administration policy, therefore, has been to build up the strength of Soviet Russia, so that it is, in fact, a threat to the security of the United States. Our liberty is threatened by the Russian military strength, backed up by the fifth-column strength which the Russians are always able to develop among Communists in every nation in the world. I feel that Russia is far more a threat to the security of the United States than Hitler in Germany ever was. There are several reasons for that belief. Principally, it is based on the great development of' air power, which permits airplanes to be built that can fly from Russian territory or Russian bases all the way to the United States. It is certainly possible that Russian planes can be built, in time, able to fly to the United States and return. The Russians also apparently possess the atomic bomb, or at least we have to allow for that in our plans. Greater Manpower Os course, the Russians have much greater manpower than ourselves, and if they can also swing the manpower of China, as they seem to be doing at the present moment, they have an overwhelming superiority in manpower, if it can ever be brought to bear against the United States itself. Therefore, today we find ourselves with the greatest military threat from foreign sources we have faced since the days of the American Revolution. We find that the United Nations is a weak reed to lean upon, and we are forced, therefore, to the development of some other policy to combat Russian aggression. It was in March 1950 that General Bradley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, testified before the Senate Committee on Appropriations that he was satisfied that a budget of $13,000,000,000 for fiscal year 1951. with about a million and a half men in uniform, was sufficient for the interests of the country. Os course the Korean War has occurred since that time, but the present program of forty to sixty billion dollars a year is not to meet the Korean War but to meet the powerful threat of Soviet • Russia. The Korean War itself only takes ope tenth of the total of men now requested and perhaps costs five or six billion dollars a year to conduct. The threat from Russia was exactly the same and from the same Russia in early 1950 as it is today. It is our policy which has changed. The question which we have to determine, and which apparently nobody in the Administration has really thought through, is the point at which we reach the economic limitation in time of peace on government expenditures. Furthermore, no one seems to have recognized that there are serious limits to our economic and manpower capacity and that we must be selective and restrained in determining the extent to which we carry out our basic strategy. No one has given the people a longterm plan. NEXT WEEK: The Russian menace throughout the world and limitations of our manpower and strategy. (From “A Foreign Policy for Americans." Copyright 1951 by Robert A. Taft. Published by Doubleday and Company, Inc. Released by The Register and Trib. ane Syndicate and WNU.)

' SEEKS DIVORCE \ A divorce complaint has been filed in circuit court by Arleen Dahl Koors, of Syracuse, against Joseph A. Koors, of Syracuse and formerly of Warsaw, on grounds of cruel and inhuman treatment. They were married on Jan. 25 of this year and separated last Tuesday. Mrs. Koors asks restoration of her maiden name of Arleen Dahl and alimony of '52,500.

CAPITOL (By Charles A. Halleck, Congressman, 2nd District.) My mail indicates that a lot of folk who may never have given the matter much thought before are at last becoming painfully aware of the relationship between heavy government spending and high taxes. Charts issued recently by the Joint Congressional Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation are jolting more and more citizens out of their lethargy. These tables show how take-home pay has shriveled since 1949 as withholding taxes bite deeper and deeper into the weekly pay check. There is one point which should be clearly understood: the real complaint should not be against high taxes. Instead, criticism should be leveled at the government spending policies which make high taxes necessary. No honest public official can vote for spending and then vote against tax legislation to provide the necessary funds. By the same token, no citizen consistently can take a position in favor of spending on the one hand and against taxes on the other. Some Administration economists insist that the country can stand still higher taxes without serious danger to our whole financial structure, while other fiscal experts warn that we have reached a breaking point, , Certainly it is evident that the people of this nation are becoming more and more resentful about Federal tax rates. This very resentment itself should be a caution signal, since no government can successfully collect taxes unless the people pay voluntarily. Much of the internal troubles of France are said to stem from a widespread contempt on the part of Frenchmen for their nation’s tax collecting system. Once public confidence in the justice of tax demands is lost, more and more evasion is attempted and any nation finding itself in such a position is in for serious financial difficulties. It may surprise many of the youngsters, but millions of Americans can remember when there was no Federal income tax whatsoever. In fact the 16th amendment — the income tax amendment — is less than 40 years old. At the time it was under discussion, Congress debated the rate a Federal income tax should be. Some Senators urged that a limitation in the amendment provide that the rate could never exceed 10 per cent. But it was argued that some “spendthrift” Congress of the future might regard that limitation as an invitation to go that high. As a result Congress imposed a rate of 1 per cent after deductions — and what deductions! Single persons got i 53,000 exemptions and married couples were granted $4,000. On this basis it was estimated that a married couple, after reas-

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onable deductions, would pay about $.50 in taxes on a SIO,OOO salary. (Today the tax would approach $1,950 on the same income.) Most citizens, of course, took the new law in stride. It really didn’t mean much to the vast majority of Americans. The 16th Amendment was •* ' Proverbial “shadow, no bigger than a man’s hand,” and was not considered cause for wide alarm. Some newspaper editors fought the proposal. The old New York Sun denounced the new tax in these words: “This is not taxation for revenue, but taxation of the few for the benefit of the many.” And in a speech opposing ratification by the New York Legislature, Joseph Choate proved himself a prophet when he warned: “The temptation and local clamore for lavish national expenditures and costly improvements will become irresistible.” He was probably labeled an . “alarmist,” but history has proved the wisdom of his words. BACK FROM FLORIDA Mr. and Mrs. Jack Tilson and daughter Myrta, have returned to their Lake Wawasee home, after spending the winter at Pompano Beach, Florida. Jack says they did all the things one is supposed to do when they visit Florida, deep sea fishing, golf, horse and dog races, swimming, and just “lazyin’ in the sun.” But he says “I wouldn’t trade our place on Ogden Island for the whole state of Florida.” He says they had many visitors from Wawasee who called upon them. 25 YEARS AGO MARCH 24, 1927. Bert Cripe is the owner of a new Ford sedan. Miss Theora Benner has returned home after an extended visit in Ligonier. The Misses Thelma and Mary Darr, Alice Benner and Mary Geiger spent Sunday afternoon with friends in Goshen. Among those who attended the state basketball tournament at Indianapolis were Joel Wilt, Guy Bushong and Jacob Kern. R. E. Pletcher, Melburn Rapp and Hallie Holloway were initiated into the Eastern Star chapter. Irwin Byland opened the Shamrock Barbecue at Benton, Saturday. Mrs. James Traster has come home from the Elkhart hospital where she underwent an operation a month ago. Her son, Ralph Mullen, who has been residing in I. the state of Arizona is here assisting in the care of his mother. Ernest Bushong is enjoying a much needed rest and . vacation from his duties at the B. &O. depot. He is visiting relatives in Dayton, Ohio. There will be a supper given at the Hex Granfe hall. Menu: chicken and noodles, mashed potatoes, gravy, creamed peas, cottage cheese, lettuce salad, jello, cake, bread, butter, jelly and coffee. Price 35 cents. Margaret Wolf entered the Bth grade Monday. She was a student at the Central Junior high school at Niles, Mich., before coming to Syracuse. John Sudlow has • re-entered the freshman class after spending the winter months in Florida.

FROM THE SYRACUSE TOWN BOARD JUNE 17, 19(13. Town Clerk was instructed to insert notice in the local paper calling the attention of parents of children that it was against the ordnances of the town to permit coasting on the walks with express wagons, complaints having been made numerous times as to this. ’ z JULY 7, 1913. G. W. Gilderman and other citizens appeared before the Board and requested that a night watchman be appointed by the

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Board, and after considerable discussion the Board decided* that if the business men of the town would agree to pay the balance of such officer’s salary, the town would pay $15.00 per onth to the right kind of a man. Such delegation also brought up the question of the necessity of some fire alarm system, and also the need of a public park, and the placing of a green light on the public boat pier at the foot of Main street to guide boats in from the lake at night. Mr. and Mrs. Ed Smith of Auburn spent Sunday with relatives here and attended the funeral of Mrs. M. M. Smith.