Semi-Weekly Journal, Volume 2, Number 229, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 June 1841 — Page 2

7. -1 the prime movers of these disturbances on the borders are subjects of the Queen, who come withiu the territory of the United States, seeking to enlist the sympathies of their citizens, by all the motives which they are able to address to them, on account of grievances real or imaginary. There is no reason to believe that the design of any hostile movement from the United States against Canada has commenced with citizens of the United States. The true origin of such purposes and such enterprises is on the other side of the line. But the President's resolution to

prevent these transgressions of the jaws' is not," on that account, the less Strong.. It is taken, nofonly in conformity to his duty under the provisions of existing laws, but in full consonance with the '. established principles' and. practices of this ; Governin cut. ' The Government of the United States has'YNyfrom the first, fallen into the doubts, elsewhere entertained, of the true extent of the duties of neutrality. It has held that, however it may have been in less enlightened ages, the just interpretation of the modern law of nations is, that neutral states are hound to be strictly neutral; and that it is a manifest and gross impropriety for individuals to engage in the civil conflicts of other states, and thus to be at war while their Government is at peace. War and peace anhigh national relations, which can properly be established or changed only by nations themselves. The United States 'have thought, also, that, the salutary doctrine of non-intervention by one nation with the affairs of others is . liable to be essentially impaired, if, while Government; retrains from interference, interference is still allowed to its subjects, individually or in masses. It imy happen, indeed, that

persons choose 'to leave . their country, emigrate to other regions, and settle themselves on uncultivated lands, in territories belonging to other States. This cannot be prevented by . Governments which allow the emigration of their subjects and citizens; and such persons.' havinar voluntarily abandoned their own country, have no longer claim to 'its protection, nor is it longer responsible tor their acts. Such cases, therefore, if they occur, show no abandonment 'of the . duty of neutrality . The Government of the United States has not considered it as sufficient- to confine the duties of neutrality and non-interference to the case of Governments whose territories lie adjacent to each other. The application of the principle may he more necessary in such cases, but the principle itself they regard as being the same, if those territories be divided by half the globe. The rule is founded in the impropriety and danger of allowing individuals to make war on their own authority, or, by mingling themselves in the beliggerent operations of other nations, to run the hazard of counteracting the policy, or embroiling the relations, of their own Government. And the United States have been the first anion" civilized na

tions to enforce the observance of this just rule of

neutrality and peace, by special and adequate legal enactments. In the infancy of this Government, on the breaking out of the European wars which had their origin in the French revolution, Congress passed laws With severe penalties, for preventing the citizens of the United States from taking part in those hostilities. . . . 'By these laws, it prescribed to the citizens of the United States what it .understood to be their duty, as neutrals, by the law of nations, and the duty, also, which they owed to the interest and honor of their own country. At a subsequent period, when the American colonies of an European power took up arms against their Sovereign, Congress, not diverted from the established system of the government by any temporary considerations, not swerved from its sense of justice and of duty by any sympathies, which it might naturally feel for one of the parties, did not hesitate, also, to pass acts applicable to the case cf colonial insurrection and civil war. And these provisions of the law have been continued, revised, amended, and are in full force at the present moment. Nor have they been a dead letter, as it is well known that exemplary punishments have been inflicted on those who have transgressed them. It is known, indeed, that heavy penalties have fallen on individuals, citizens of the United States, engaged in this very disturbance in Canada, with which the destruction of the Caroline was connected. And it is in Mr. Fox's knowledge, also, that the act of Congress of March 10th, 133, was passed for the precise purpose of more effectually restraining military enterprises from the United States

into the British provinces, by authorising the use of

the most sure and decisive preventive means, ine undersigned may add, that it stand on the admission of very high British authority, that during the recent Canadian troubles, although bodies of adventurers appeared on the border, making it necessary for the people of Canada to keep themselves in a state prepared for self-defence, yet that these adventurers, were acting by no means in accordance w ith the feeling of the great mass of the American people, or of the government of the United States.

This government, therefore, not only holds itself

above reproach in every thing respecting the preservation of neutrality, the observance of the principle of non-intervention, and the strictest conformity, in these respects, to the rules of international law, but it doubts not that the world will do it the justice to acknowledge that it has set an example not unfit to be followed by others, and that, by its steady legislation on this most important subject.it has done something to promote peace and good neighborhood among nations, and to advance the civilization of mankind. The undersigned trusts that, when Her Britannic Majesty's Government shall present the grounds, at length, on which they justify the local authorities of Canada in attacking and destroying the "Caroline," they will consider that the laws of the United States are such as the undersigned has now represented them, and that the Government of the United States "has always manifested a sincere disposition to see those laws effectually and impartially administered. Tr.i t- i ,. : ,i ;u ;;;,ini ;tl

11 Micrc navo uccu uaacs in wuti.ii jiiuiviuuuid, juanj obnoxious to punishment, have escaped, this is no more than happens in regard to other laws. Under these circumstances, and under those immediately connected with the transaction itself, it will be for Her Majesty's Government to show upon what state of facts and what rules of national law the destruction of the "Caroline," is, to be defended. It will be for that Government to show a necessity of self-defence; instant, overwhelming, leaving no choice of means and no momeDt for deliberation. It will be for it to show, also, that the local authorities of Canada, even supposing the necessity of the moment authorized them to enter the territories of the United States at all, did nothing unreasonable or excessive; since the act, justified by the necessity of self-defence, must be limited by that necessity, and kept clearly within it. It must be shown that admonition or remonstrance to the persons on board the "Caroline" was impracticable, or would liHvebepn unavailing: it must be shown that day-light could not be waited for; that there could be no attempt at discrimination between the innocent and the guilty: that it would not have been enough to seize and detain the vessel; but that there was a necessity, present and inevitable, for atuckicg her, in the darkness of the night, while f

moored to the shore, and while unarmed men were asleep on board, killing some and wounding others, and then drawing her into the current, above the cataract, setting her on fire, and careless to know whether there might not he in her the innocent with the guilty, or the living with the dead, committing her to a fate which fills the imagination with horror. A necessity for all this the Government of the United States cannot believe to have existed. : All will see that if such things be allowed to occur they might lead to bloody and exasperated war; and when an individual conies into the United States from. Caniulaand " uTrie"ve.rj)Iace birwhichtllis drama was : performed, and there chooses to make public and vain-glorious boast '.of the part he acted in it, it is hardly wonderful that great excitement should be created, and some degree of commot ion arise. This Republic does not wish tol'isturb the tranquility of the world. Its object is peace,' its policy peace. - It seeks no aggrandizement by foreign conquest, because it knows that no hVeign acquisition could augment its power and importance so rapidly as they are already advancing by its own natural growth under the propitious circumstances of its situation. But it cannot admit that its Government has not both the will and tho power to preserve its own neutrality, and to enforce the observance of its own laws upon its own citizens. It is jealous of its rights, and among others, and most especially, of the right of the absolute immunity 'of its territory against aggression from abroad; and these rights it is the duty

and the determination of this Government- fully and at all times to, .maintain; .while it will, at the same time, as scrupulously refrain from infringing on the

rights of others. . ; . ; The President insl rue's the undersigned to say, in conclusion, that ho confidently trusts that this and all other questions of difference between the. two Gov

ernments will be treated by both in the lull exercise

of such a spirit of candor, lustice, and mutual respect

as shall rrive assurance of the long continuance of

pence between the two countries. . The undersigned avails himself of this opportunity to assure Mr. Fox of his hiirh consideration. DAM EL WECSTER. .' Hexk'v S. .Fox, Esq.'&c. &c. &.c. : .8 EM I - XV E Si K LY J U SSftAI INDIAN APOLIS! TUESDAY , JUNE 15, .184 1. v

; v MARION "COUNTY NOMINATIONS. ; The Whigs of this county held a Convention on Saturday, April 24, at which the following nominanations were made: - Representatives Israel IIahping and Austin W. Morris. Treasurer and Collector Jacob Landjs. . Recorder James Turner. Auditor John . W. Hamilton. .. Assessor John M'Collum, Commissioner,. 1st district Harris Tvner. . Election on fir at Monday, 2d of August next.

OUR COUNTY WHIG TICKET. It is with regret we learn that one or more Whigs will run against the regular nominees in this county. What can induce them to such a course we cannot conjecture. It will endanger the success of the whole ticket without benefitting, themselves in the least. They certainly must see, if they reflect but a moment, that they cannot be elected. For the purpose of getting them out and then keeping them on the track Van Buren men may promise to vote for them; but when the proper time arrives they will disappoint them by casting their votes for their own political friends, and thus leave the Independent Whig candidates with just enough of Whig votes to defeat the regular nominees. It is the policy of our opponents to induce Whigs to become candidates, not that they intend to vote for them, but to draw off Whigs from the regular ticket. With the exception of Representatives they have a candidate for each office to be filled at the August election. They intend to succeed if they can; and they are fully aware their only hope of success lies in a division of the Whigs. The Convention that nominated our candidates could not be surpassed for honesty and justice. Its members were farmers, and were from every township in the county. T,is true the nominations did not give entire satisfaction; that was impossible from the very nature of things. There were many most excellent men who were candidates before the Convention that were disappointed. Each one had many warm friends, who were also disappointed; and the aggregate perhpps of those disappointed, and probably dissatisfied, amounted to a majority of the Whigs in the county. At the time we thought more popular selections could have been made for one or two of the. offices; but as we, in common with the Whig party, looked to that Convention for the candidates we should support, we submitted, and shall cheerfully vote an unscratched ticket; and we sincerely trust that every man who voted for Gen. Harrison will do the same. It is the only way we can keep our party united and in the ascendant. We yet believe that our Whig, friends Avill see the folly and hopelessness to themselves of oppo

sing the regular candidates, and will abandon all intention of doing so. Let them unite heartily in the support of the ticket presented to the people by the April Convention, and it will not only ensure success to that ticket, but they will place themselves in situations that will not be overlooked hereafter.

Their brethren in

we notice, have expressed in favor of that mode of

"Circumstances alter cases?'. The Van Bu

ren party in this county affect great opposition to

nominations by conventions

some other counties, themselves strongly

bringing candidates before the people. In decided Van Buren counties, such as Fountain, Washington, Sullivan, &c. they have nominated candidates for every office.' In Dearborn,.' where par

ties are nearly equally "divided,-"they havealsof

nominated a full ticket. In all those counties

The Secretary of the Treasury states the amount of Treasury Notes outstanding on the 1st inst. atSS,0G3,563 11. Of this amount $3,494,046 69 have been issued by the new administration. '

Dr. Braddee, the great Uniontown, Pa. mail

robber, has been convicted, and two of his ac

complices plead guilty.

they are calling on their friends to rally and carry the entire ticket, down to the lowest office. This is all right, and we ounnot blame them for it. They must, however, without complaining, permit us to do the same in our strong counties. Who does not know that if the Van Buren party had a majority in this county they would nominate their candidates in Convention? They, did in times past when they thought they had the majority. Wre hope the attention of none of the Whigs will be diverted from a single candidate on the ticket by the false and flimsey cry of dictation.

The Van Buren men fill strive to divide that they may conquer. Their object, however, is not to elect Whigs by defeating the regular tick-, et or any portion of it. They intend thereby to secure the election of their own friends. 'Our candidates are honest and capable men, and have stood' by the party through good and through evil report, in victory and in defeat then why not support them? If our opponents bring forward candidates better qualified, they can then with a show of reason call upon us for support. But when it is admitted that our candidates are equal if not superior to theirs in capacity and all the requisites to fill office they cannot with any propriety call upon us to forsake our political friends, and support those who have always opposed us, and who, during the lifetime of our late

and lamented President, basely abused and vilifi ed him. Let us go for our friends.

On Roads and Canals. Messrs. Porter, White, Young, Cuthbert, and King., , , On Pensions.- Messrs. Bates, Pierce, Allen, Dixon, and Nicholson, -v For the District of Columbia. Messrs. Merrick, Clayton, King, Mangurn, and Young. On Patents. Messrs. Prentiss, Porter, Sturgeon, Tappan, and Henderson. On Public Buildings. Messrs. Barrow, Fulton, and Kerr. . On the Contingent Expenses.-jMossrs. White, ';. Tappan, and Porter.

4Li lima M.ii.ssr.-.MpTtnhnrf.S-.' M - :

ler, and Nicholson. -

SOUTH CAROLINA. A great meeting of the friends of the Administration was held at Charleston, on the 25th May, at which, resolutions in favor of a Tariff for revenue purposes, a National Bank, and the distribution of the proceeds of the Public Lands, were adopted. The meeting was addressed" by Senator Preston, Mr. Legare, and other distinguished gentlemen. The venerable Thomas Lowndes presided. Mr. Calhoun must take care or the scepter will depart from him.

Hon. Bates Cook, the Comptroller of the 1 1

nance3 of New York, died at Lewistown recent

ly, aged 50 years.

Gen. II. W. Beeson, Loco, has been elected to

Congress from the Fayette and Green district, Pa. in the place of Enos Hook, dec, of the same

politics.

Charles K. Williams has been nominated as

the Whi candidate for Governor of Vermont.

There are 80,784 white persons who can neither read nor write.

in Georgia

It is stated in the western papers that Keo kuck has been killed by a son of Black Hawk.

The Richmond Palladium and Terre Haute Courier have, with this paper, been selected to

publish the Laws, &c. of the United States by

authority in this state.

The Portland canal at Louisville, Ky. yielded

a revenue last year of $180,496.

Real lleform. The Collector of the city of

New Yrork, has made 32 removals and only 15

appointments, thus dispensing with 17 sinecures C O TV Oil ES s. Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot. WASHING TON, June 3, 1841. SENATE.

The following Senators were announced by the

Chair as the standing committees, the Chairman of

each having been ballotted for and elected on a prior

dav:

On Foreign Relations. Messrs. Rives, Preston,

Buchanan, Tallmadge, and Choate. On Finance. Messrs. Clay, of Ky., Evans, Woodbury, Mangurn, and Bayard. On Commerce Messrs. Huntington, Merrick,

Kins?, Barrow, and Wright.

On Manufactures. Messrs. Jj-vans, Arcner, iun-

ler, Buchanan, and Simmons. .

On Agriculture. Messrs. Linn, Woodbridge,

Smith, of Ct., White and Simmons.

. On Millitary Affairs. Messrs. Preston, Merrick, BeHton. Archer, and Pierce.

On the Militia. Messrs. Fhelns. Kerr, Clay, of

Ala., Barrow, and Fulton. On Naval Affairs. Messrs. Mangurn, Archer, Williams, Smith, of Ind., and Choate. On Public Ijands. Messrs. Smith, of Ind., Tallmadge, Walker, Bates, and Prentiss. On Private iMndClaims. Messrs. Bayard, Huntington, Linn, Sevier, and Henderson. On Indian Affairs. Messrs! Morehead, White, Sevier, Phelps, and Benton. On Claims. Messrs. Graham, Bates, Wright, Woodbury, and Woodbridge. On Revolutionary Claims. Messrs. Dixon, Morehead, Smith, of Ct., Sturgeon, and Graham. On the Judiciary. Messrs. Berrien, Clayton, Prentiss, Walker, and Kerr. On the Post Office. Messrs. Henderson, Simmons, McRoberts, Berrien, and Mouton.

IIOrSE Or ISEIMSIWESXATIVES. Tin: us dav, June 3. The' Report of the Secretary of the Treasukv on the Finances, was eommunicated to both Houses of Congress to-day. The notice which the President takes of it, and the luminous and vigorous abstract of its facts, and estimates presented in the .ihessage, are calculated to sharpen the curiosity which the public must naturally

feel tor the.uppearance ot this important, document.--. The Report and interesting and valuable papers which accompany it, have been prepared with the ability which distinguishes . the strong mind that presides over the Treasury Department, and show extraordinary industry, care, and research. These papers furnish satisfactory replies to the long string of enquiries so ostentatiously paraded by Mr. Senator Benton . yesterday. That gentleman' could not wait for the now Administration to give information' at the usual time, and in the common form,' but must anticipate . the arrival even of the regular report from the Treasury Department. He might, with as much propriety, have oll'ere'd resolutions on the first day of the scs- . sion, calling for information on the topics uniformly presented in a President's Message. Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, has at once moved toward the object which lies at the foundation of accumulated mischiefs under which the currency of the country is suffering. On his motion, the committee on Finance has been directed to enquire into the expediency of repealing'the Sub-Treasury Act. The Kentucky Senator, animated by a spirit of accommodation, put his resolution into this modest form, instead of that which . the sentiments of the nation would have warranted namely, ot instructing the committee promptly to introduce a bill for the repeal of that condemned measure. Mr. Wright was. satisfied with the resolution ,- in this shape. . Rut not so Mr. Calhoun. The" "lion- : est millifier" manifested far more sensibility at the idea of the reper 1,' than even the reputed author of the "untried expedient" himself. He thought the proceeding of Mr. Clay most extraordinary. He desired that the select committee, appointed to consider and report on so much of the message as relates to the Revenue and a Fiscal Agent, should be charged, also, with this question of repealing the Sub-Treasury. He argued that it could not be fairly considered without a knowledge of, and a reference to, the System that' was to be substituted for it! Just as if Congress might not reasonably put the seal of condemnation on a measure which has already been condemned so unequivocally by the people as a separateact wilhnur ii miimpni'i! tiinnrrhr n rci mirwtit.iitinn.

. i..,.b..Henry Clay answered Mr. Calhoun with his accustomed directness, showing plainly that a question of . a substitute is not necessarily involved in the question of repeal of an acknowledged obnoxious and destructive measure, ..... But he exposed, too, the ridiculous nature of the pretence, that there could be any doubt about the substitute which would be proposed. There is no need at all for the mystery pretended by Mr.

Calhoun. Mr. Clay, speaking for himself, and, lie believed for his friends, had no hesitation in announcing a United States Bank as the substitute which

was called tor by an overwhelming' majority of tlie people. Mr. Calhoun admitted that the only alternative was between the Sub-Treasury and a National Bank.-" '-' - ' ' .:' "'';"'"

Mr. Clay siezed on this acknowledgement with eager energy; enforced its truth; and then put the question (which it must be confessed was a poser, )rs) that since the Sub-Treasury System has been so une--quivocally condemned by the general voice of the nation, what is there left but to establish a National Bank?'' ;:: Mr. Rives here interposed with a few remarks, in which he expressed his opinion that there were other alternatives namely, the State Bank Deposite System, and a fiscal agent of a different kind from the late United States Bank. Mr. R. said he was for narrowing the field of selection as much as possible,

by throwing out of view a measure so decidedly coni . i r i rn .

aemiieu as ine ouD-ireasury system. Mr. Rives would not commit himself to either of these three schemes, but he committed himself most decidedly to the repeal of the Sub-Treasury act. There is a most cheering prospect of unanimity in both Houses upon the subject of a National Bank. Nearly the whole Whig strength of the South is now in favor of such a measure. President Tyler wil! pursue the course adopted by Mr. Madison, in case a Bank bill is passed. Mr. Ewing will be called on for a project for a fiscal agent, Mr. Clay is in fine health and spirits. The advent of better days ofbetter counsels, and the reign of reason, is at hand and men of experience, and wisdom, and patriotism once more rule in the Senate Chamber. - In the House of Representatives, Mr. Brigors offered a resolution, directing the Speaker to appoint such Standing Committees as were authorized by the rules of the last Congress. Buts before the resolution could beaded upon, a message was received from the President of the United States, enclosing a report of the Secretary of the Treasuary, on the subject of the Finances of the Government. Mr. Wise asked for tlu reading of that poition of the report which related to the establishment of a fiscal agent for the Government. Objection being made Mr. Wise read" the parts himself. His object was to offer a resolution, calling upon the Secretary of the Treasury to report at the earliest practicable moment.

a plan for such fiscal agent, which would not be lia

ble to any constitutional objections. Mr. Underwood moved a resolution that it was

right and proper to establish a National Bink and to repeal the Sub-Treasury, and directing the Committee

on Ways and Means to report the charter of a Bank.

Mr. King called for a division of Mr. Wise's reso

lution. A motion was made to lay the report of the Secretary on the table to be printed. A number of motions were made, but without taking any definite

action upoti any of them, the House adjourned over to Monday.

SENATE. Fkidat, June- 4. The Senate met at twelve o'clock pursuant to ad

journment. . r

Mr. Clav, in coniormity to notice previously ciyen

introduced a bill to repeal the Sub-Treasury. It was

read.'

On motion of Mr. Clay, the bill was made the snp.

cial order for Monday. Mr. Young presented a memorial, upon which