Semi-weekly Express, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 15 January 1897 — Page 6

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A^TEIF' IN BOSNIA.

ONE OF THE M08X CHARMING COUNTRIES IN EDKOPKi#

turfcUh. Hospitality—Pre jedor and Its Geese—A Pauper Peasantry-Effect.^

ot Mo8lem

Bo,e*

Bosnia is one of the most interesting counffijl' tries of Europe, yet but little visited by tourists, says the New York Post. There are an oriental people such as are to be seen in Turkey or North Africa, picturesque mountain and lake scenery not unlike parts of the Tyrol or Switzerland, and peculiarly timely subjects of study in the efforts that 'f|$| Austria is making to lift a former Turkish province benighted by four centuries of misVK rule into the light of the nineteenth century, and in. the part that the country may yet .-v. play as an element of that strangely com"

f/£• posite empire. 5I

hai1

walked across the plains of Southern

Croatia and my first glimpse of the land, \,'p' -f through a cut in a low range of hills, was of the swift-flowing Una, its broad, fertile va'~yl\" ]ey( and beyond green ridges that rolled far away to purple mountains in the south. Go-

!ff TL

ing down the hillside and through the little town of Kostajnica I was upon an old bridge over the Una. The "N" and the Napoleonic eagle on the piers—It had been repaired at the time of the French occupation—appeared strangely familiar at this faraway place. A gendarme sauntered out toward me and I if inquired what was the old ruin on an island in the river. "It was the castle of the

Zrinyis, a powerful Bosnian family," he said, "and local tradition has it that there i- in the tenth century dwelt one Duke Nicholas, who gave refuge to a notorious rascal,

Katziner von Katzensteln, who bad escaped St: from prison at Vienna. In appreciation of this act of friendliness Katziner bargained to deliver the fortress into the hands of the

Turks. Nicholas heard of this, invited his treacherous, guest and-friends to a banquet, looked them up in a passage, had them and their retainers killed and their bodies, to the number of a hundred or more, thrown into the Una."

After this bloody recital he examined my passport and I crossed to the little town at the other end of the bridge. This, too, is called Kostajnica, but two places more unlike it is doubtful if any other small bridge In the world connects. The Austrian Kostajnica is a stone-and-mortar-and-brick-built town, with churches, shops and Ger-man-speaking merchants. Its Bosnian namesake is made up of small wooden Turkish houses with latticed windows behind high-board fences, round-domed mosque, slender white minuets and little bazaars where Mohammedans sit cross-legged upon mats drinking black coffee and smoking tschibuks. One feels that he has suddenly dropped down into the Orient—not the wonderland, but the very heart.

Leaving the town, there were upon one

!|f side of the road hills covered with small oak trees and thick underbrush upon the other s. level tract that the peasants were cultivating with crude farm implements. An old man in a red fez and a suit of white hemp was turning up the soil with a wooden plow drawn by two little cows urged by a woman and girl twenty or thirty men and women were slowly digging their way with

V- heavy triangular hoes across afield of corn,j their white clothes, red fezzes and baits making a striking bit of color against the brown earth. H'1 Black clouds floated overhead, and soon I was plodding on through darkness and storm. No lights of a friendly inn appeared and the gloomy huts along the roadside gave no promise of a night's resting place. A larger house at last loomed up through the j** darkness. It was surrounded by a high, p. 7 board fence, and beneath the covered gate- & way I sheltered myself and knocked upon the door until a head was poked out between the cracks of the gate above and the noses of several dogs below. A man beat back the dogs and admitted me into a yard and then into the lower part of the house, leaving me in the darkness. When he returned he motioned to me to follow him up a wooden ladder and ushered me into the presence of a Turk sitting on a mat smoking. He ordered my conductor to throw me a mat upon the floor and bring me black coffee, as soon as I had explained as best I could my predicament.

The first streaks of daylight were coming through the windows when I awoke the next »V morning. My host was gone and I could hear the herdsmen driving the cattle and sheep from the stable beneath me to pasture. The house, as I discovered afterward, was the home of one of the richest land owners of the neighborhood, a two-story -. structure covered with a high roof that sloped on four sides from a central ridge. jk Logs driven into the ground at each of the

J-

Tour corners, and the wall spaced between a basketwork of wigs plastered with mud, formed the lower story, used as stable and $ iervants' quarters. The upper story, prolecting slightly over the lower was of frame and had a Turkish bay window upon the front and two sides of the living parts,

Into

which

.it

a hallway divided it, the rear,

with latticed windows, was the harem. The lord and master drank his coffee, smoked his Bigarettes and enjoyed his siesta in the front room. The furnishing was primitive and lir Turkish mats and divans no chsirs, bed or lable.

Prejedor, with 3,000 or 4,000 inhabitants, mostly Mohammedans, was the first town on my route the next day. As I entered the Jlace there came toward me in a solid col^V hmn, the line filling the narrow street from

Ide to side, a hundred or more geese wadfiling as rapidly as their awkward legs could carry them. They seemed propelled by a

Wonderful intentness to get somewhere and to keep out of the reach of the clubs of several half-naked geese-boys who followed yelling and waving their dirty fezzes. The town was fairly alive with geese, ducks and chickens. "The raising of fowls is the peculiar industry of Prejedor," exclaimed one of the citizens, "every person here is engaged in it and we have enough of poultry and eggs to supply not only Bosnia but Austria." Soon after leaving the town I saw upon one of the hillsides buildings erected by the governi^ ment for the improvement of the grade of the fowls and along the way were straggling t't foraging parties of ducks and geese. The broad plain caJled the "Urija," which lay before me, is in the spring and autumn the scene of folk festivals, races and games in which the peasants manifest great interest, coming miles to attend them. Especially are they fond of naming races and, training their tough little horses for the contests with considerable skill, manage to get out of them a-surprising rate of speed. They are too much given to betting and will back their favorites with everything they possess.

Six slender minarets rising above a taass of green foliage along the bank of a stream Indicated the approach to Kozaric. Here are still to be seen the ruins of an old castle where dwelt the last Bosnian commander of Kozaric and, after he and his family had been put to death, his Turkish successors, Just behind the town rises a steep gray wall of rocks called the Kozaracki Kamon, iround which cluster many early Bosnian legends.

The people that

I saw

along the way ap­

peared miserably poor. Their homes Were little huts—the walls, twigs plastered with jaud, and the roof, long grass held down by MiM tied at. the eaversad ridges. They were

without board floor, devoid of furniture of any kind, while the fire was built upon a pile of stones, the smOke finding its way out through the cracks and crevices. The people slept upon the ground, often sharing quarters with their domestic animals. Their food consisted of bread made from the cheaper grains, onions, fruit and black coffee. Most of them were engaged in working farms of the Mohammedan landlords, who are the owners of most of the land, or in tending their flocks. "Their living," said an Austrian official who had overtaken me, "costs not more than 10 or 15 kreuzers—4 to 7 cents—a day. Few of the older generation can read or write or know anything of -the world beyond their own narrow circle. At the time of the Austrian occupation in 1878 the people were more benighted than they were 400 years before. But to understand the present condition one must take Into consideration the history of the country. The golden time of Bosnia was from 1376 to 1468, when the land was ruled by its own kings and nobles, who to some extent encouraged culture and learning. Then came the Turkish invasion and the Bosnian nobles, in order to retain their lands, renegaded from Christianity to Mohammedanism and vied with gold-wring-ing officials sent from Constantinople in oppressing their subjects who had remained faithful to the ancient religion. "There were no roads, no schools, no security of person or property the Mohammedan invaded the privacy of the christian's home, did what he wished with him, his wife and family, took what he wanted—and there was no redress. The christian religion was scarcely more than endured the right of building churches, ringing bells, holding services, was forbidden. Under the rule of one of the last Turkish officials a christian must stand upon the side of thet road and, if he be riding, must dismount when a Moslem passed. The Austrians are doing what they can by means of good schools and good governments to raise the people up to the present century but from the depths to which they had been dragged this cannot be done in eighteen years." "i^

Darkness had fallen when I reached Banjaluka and my first impression the next morning was a. mass of foliage# a ove which appeared here and there a brown, dull roof or a slender white minaret. It is the second town of Bosnia and its 15,000 inhabitants live spread out all over a great space of the low, level land of the Vrbras valley in little wooden houses half hidden by groves of fruit trees and high board fences. The dominating structure is the big mosque in about the center of the town, built with the money paid for the ransom of Austrian prisoners taken in a battle near Banjaluka in the sixteenth century and named, in honor of the successful Turkish general, the Ferhadija mosque. It is of beautiful architectural proportions, but the decoration are simple and primitive. Around the mosque in the business quarter, made pof little wooden sheds, where solemn looking merchants in fezzes and turbans sit on mats surrounded by their goods or Turkish mechanics pound pots and kettles out of pieces of brass and make curious sandals from red and blue leather. An old fortress, which it is said the Romans built when they laid out the town and which has been enlarged under Turkish and Austrian occupancy, hangs out under a bluff over the Vrbras.

It was Sunday and peasants crowded both the Grecian and Roman churches and knelt upon mats around the doorways. Along the paths leading to the churches were lines of beggars suffering from frightful deformities and diseases. One had beeil born without legs others were blind from birth one with drawn and distorted limbs was dragged about in a little creaking wagon another that appeared only an animated mass of bones was carried on the back of a blind and crippled brother. They displayed their deformities before the eyes of the church goers and yelled and cried for alms. The people treated them with a great deal of liberality, almost every one who passed distributing coins among them. After the church services the streets, filled with peasants from all the surriunding country in their brightest and best costumes, presented a most picturesque appearance. Men .and women alike wore white the material often hemp, home woven, and the garmenis home cut and made. A shirt with a wide, lace trimmed collar and flowing sleeves,, knee trousers, woolen stockings of elaborate patterns, sandals of red and yellow leather, a red sash and over this a leather belt with many pockets for brass handled knives, long cigar holders, purse and other portable belongings, constituted the dress of the men.

The women wore a long gown tied at the waist with a red sash, upon their heads a red fez, covered with silver and gold ornaments, and around their necks strings of beads aftd charms. They often wore, too, a silk kerchief and a bright colored shawl, and carried bags of the most fantastic pattern, which served for much the same purpost as the men's leather belt. Peasants of the different localities have generally some distinguishing feature of costume. The men, in the towns have to a great etent adopted the Turkish trousers, coats and vests every Bosian wears a red fez the christians sometimes without a turban and sometimes with one of red or black cloth the Mohammedan is too orthodox to take advantage of the dispensing order that was issued from the porte, and still binds his head with yards of white or green cloth. The Mohammedan women are here more closely veiled than in Constantinople they wear a loose fitting robe of black or green that completely covers them, their faces are bound round with a heavy white veil except a small opening for the eyes, and in passing a man they lower their heads so that even their eyes cannot be seen.

GENERAL GROSVENOR'S VIEWS.

He Understands McKlnlej's Views on the Tariff. Cleveland, Jan. 12.—General Charles H. Grosvenor came to Cleveland this evening from Canton, spent a few hours in conference with Chairman Hanna and departed for Washington at midnight. General Grosvenor said tonight that he did not go to Canton to discuss the tariff question with McKinley. "I thoroughly understand Mr. McKinley's views on the tariff," he said, "and it was not necessary for me to discuss that subject with him. I did talk with him about the cabinet situation. Senator Sherman is to be the next secretary of state. He practically told me that himself the other day. I want to say also that Senator Sherman's appointment to the state department is not contingent upon the appointment of Mr. Sherman's successor in the senate. That does not enter into it."

Speaking further, General Grosvenor said that Senator Allison was not asked to take the state portfolio that he was offered the treasury and declined it. Mr. Grosvenor said that Congressman Dingley was out of the question in connection with the treasury department because of his health. The general said that the new tariff bill will be ready for introduction at the* extra session of congress wlych President McKinley will call in March. its Don't Tobacco Spit and Smoke lonr tife

Away.

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DYSPEPSIA fWENft VEARS.

Cured by Three Bottles of Dr. Greene's Nervura.

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MR. JOSEPH HOGAN.

"I began the use of Dr. Greene's Nervura blood and nerve remedy and have not yet used three frsttlefuls and have bad perfect relief. I have eaten all kinds of food and digest it without the slightest difficulty. I consider myself cured of my confirmed dyspepsia."

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THE FARMERS' ALLIANCE.

History of a Kansas Organization That Wat Once a Power. A good many very astute politicians in the Western states drew a. long breath of relief when they refad the other day that the Farmers' Alliance of Kansas had reached the end or its life and would in a few days disband, writes C. M. Harger to the Chicago TimesHerald. The cloud on the horizon of the political sky that half a decade ago was frightening the old political organizations proves to have been but a "thunderclap" and its terrors are lost. Yet in its day it was no inconsiderable affair and if it failed to impress the dwellers in the Bast it was because tihey had not to meet its power.

Like some other vagaries of the day in the political line, it was the product of Kansas. After a tremendous majority of 82,000 in 1888 for ^Harrison it seemed that the sunflower state could not be stampeded to any other party. Yet in the spring of 1890 there came to the front in a quiet way this organization that has since that time been the thorn in the flesh of Kansas Republicanism and taken from it most of the glory that it aspired to gain. The first appearance was in the guise of a farmers' benefit association and the Republican papers of the state gave to its cause willingly columns of their space. In most of them that spring there was set aside a department in which the members of the new organizations made their arguments and published their calls for meetings. The editors were for a time unaware of the ten-

was growing faster than the leaders themselves thought it possible. As the summer—a sweltering, hot-wind, corn-wilting summer—progressed the order grew in importanc and numbers. Picnics were held by the hundreds and every county had its dozen or more lodges. Mrs. Lease was speaking every day and night. She had immense audiences and made the rafters ring with her denunciations of the plutocrats and her advice as to the crop that the farmers should raise in preference to corn. She seemed tireless. One day I reported her addresses. She spoke in the afternoon for three hours at an outdoor picnic audience. Then she drove twelve miles and after a hasty supper went to the platform before an audience that was wild with enthusiasm. Here she talked for nearly three hours more and then went to an overflow meeting. As she faced the last she asked when the train left. "About 1 o'clock," was the answer. "Well, I usually talk until train time," was her reply, and she did. This was kept np day after day, and she was but one of the hundred speakers who were preaching sub-treasur-ie6 and fiat money on the plains.

One of the cheap methods of attack was to impress the towns. The favorite way was by means of the processions, which were the fiirst things of the kind seen on the prairies. Early in the morning the teams would gather out on the plain. For twenty miles they would come and wait patiently in the sun until they were ordered into line by the men who wore red and blue sashes. Through the principal streets they passed, cheering and showing the banners. On these latter were such mottoes as "We Want Subtreasuries," Down With the Money Lender," "Death to Plutocrats," etc. There were whole families in line, and floats were filled with pretty girls who sang as they passed through the town. "It was no more than a year ago-

I thought I loved the pfirty so Bye, party, bye lo! Bye, party, bye lo! Bye, party, bye io! Good-bye, old party, good-bye." They sang it lustily and the men in the wagons took up the chorus, and it swelled in the breeze with a truly inspiring effect. The dust blew in their eyes, but what did they care? The Republicans stood on the sidewalk and counted the teams and voters. They whistled and guessed "they was most all women and children anyhow ," and like the scoffers at Noah, allowed it was not going to be much of a shower. But away down in their hearts they knew that there were enough men in those wagons to carry the county and that the jig was up.

And it was. The alliance met every night the last week of the campaign, and the president knew exactly how it would go when the last report was in. On election day the met in the school house and marched to the polls and voted open ballots. They cast 106,000 votes, and but for the Democrats having a candidate they would have carried the state. As it was they came within six thousand votes of it, The order had at this time over two hundred thousand members, as women also joined it. Now it has less than one thousand, and instead of 2,400 lodges has only thirty. What begun as high-strung, fanatical enthusiasm degenerated Into rant, cankerism and demagogy. Many of the best men left it and the remainder drifted into Populism, It gave to the Nation Fetter, the mild-mannered lecturer. who was the fiizst of the advocate* o£

H«£

the alliance, and Simpson and Lease and th# People's party. The alliance was the best npamged and meet Invincible poiitcal organisation, when ih ita glory, the nation has ever seen. The members were completely under the guidance of the leaders, and nothing was too wild for them to do. They* boycotted the papers that were not for them and gave of tihelr means to start ftthers. Every business scheme they undertook failed, and aa a political factor they failed, too, after they the first campaign. Never again could they meet under passwords and grips. Lecturers tried in vain to rally the forces for the next campaign, but the people laughed at them. Trading for spoils did what enthusiasm coyild not do again. The alliance nev.er did anybody any good except the men who rode into prominence on its Wave, but it made things mighty interesting in Western politics for a while. Had the South "joined hands" with the West, as was expected, it might have been national in ita scope, but the South let Kansas do all the joining, and the alliance died.

MAKING MOUNTAIN DEW.

A Moonshiner Bays It Is Bassy After the Still Xs Obtained. In the Shelby county jail there are at present a number of "moonshiners," as the mem convicted by the Federal Court of illicit distilling are called, says the Memphis Coinmercial-^ ppeal A reporter got one of those prosmers to i©ll just how "moonshine' is made. If any one wishes to follow the directions, he should remember that there is room at the jail for him and that Uncle Sam's marshal and district attorney have plenty of time to attend to his case.

Those who know by actual experience how the "moonshiner" makes his "mountain d©w" are loath to tell how it is done. They reason, and not without good sense, that it is a dangerous secret, and therefore it is a matter of some difficulty to persuade one to tell his secret. The "moonshiner" knows that the very minute he starts a brew, that minute he is a criminal in the eyes of the law. His individual views as to the criminalty of hs act do not at all coincide with the law on this subject, however. The moonshiner believes that he has as much right to convert his corn into whisky as the gardener has to make sauce out of his tomatoes, or the grape grower to distill the juice of his fruit into wine. That is the way he looks at the crime of illicit distilling. All the laws in the kingdom can not dhange his view of the matter. He imagines that the government has a particular spite to vent against him, and therefore he regards civilized man as his ruthless enemy. He holds the officer, whose sworn duty it is to enforce the law, in as much odium 2s society entertains for the moonshiner. He will stubbornly insist that he is more sinned against than sinning,

The

moonshiners of this country have been

slain

to protect

deem

unjust

But this is digressing from the subject. How is "mountain dew" made? The idea of the average person whose environments in life have been such as would afford no op-

to make corn bread. This meal is put in a tub or barrel of boiling water. In this way it is cooked. It sits until it is cool enough to burn the hands when they are put in it. It is stirred up well and then put in the still. The still is then filled with cold water. After that the malt is added. Malt is

The leaven wa3 well sown and the lecturers made by putting corn into water and letting were making the lodges put up their money it soak two or three days, or until it with regularity and precision.

The "cause'

whisky. "They

(Then it is malted.) The malt is ground the same as the corn was and to every bushet of corn is added single handsful of malt. The malt and the cold water are added at the same time. Then the brew stands until it' sours, which requires several days. In that time it begins to "work" or ferment. Aserust, or cap, as it is called by the moonshiners, of bran forms on the top of the water JThis cap is bluish in color. It is not disturbed at all. In a short time the cap settles to the bottom where it came from. The weight of the solidified mass of bran or husks causes it to sink. The fire is then started under the still and it is only a matter of two or three hours until about two gallons of whisky have been distilled. The moonshiner then has two gallons of "dew" w*hich he can sell for from ?2 to $5, as the needs of the purchaser may justify, and be has consumed six days and a bushel of corn in making it. Thus one bushel of corn yields two gallons of whisky, which may bring in the moonshiner's market from $4 to $10. About thirty gallons of water are used to brew one bushel of com. "Do moonshiners buy or make the stills. asked the representative of the young man who exolained the process of making th® a way that will make the speakers more easily understood."

are bought," he answered though

I have known of people making their stills. A still, he continued, noting the inquisitive look on the faces of his listeners, is a large copper kettle, shaped like a cistern. They hold from forty to sixty gallons. Over the neck of the still a cap fits the same as one joint of stovepipe fits over another. From the top of this cap an arm runs out about 10 inches long. To this arm is attached the worm. Well, the worm is a coil

There's a "whole let" of it for you now in the sale going on at our store, but not very much for us. Good many came yesterday after those $15, $18, $20 and $22 suits and overcoats selling now for §.«- .-j- -4, More c/ill come tomorrow, and still more will come for those $10, $12 and $14 Suits and

Overcoats now selling for

Ask to see those $6, $7 $8 and Overcoats now selling for

One-Pries Cash Clothiers and Merchant Tailors.

PROPER PRdfo UNCIATION.:

A Novel Method of Introduction Recently Introduced In Brooklyn, Every Monday evening there is a gathering of women and men at the Warren Street Methodist Episcopal Church, all anxious to learn to speak the English language as it should be spoken, says the Brooklyn Eagle. Many native born Americans attend, and there is a strong representation of Swedes and Germans whose early education has, presumably, been neglected. An hour is spent in what is commonly termed the elements of correct oral speech. The teacher is a professional elocutionist. Considering that the cost of the lessons is scarcely dignified by the term nominal, and that the expense of similar instruction elsewhere l£ from $3 to $5 an hour, the wonder is that such an opportunity is not more generally improved.

Thfr^chool is the only one of the kind in either this city or New York. It is an experiment, or, rather, it was an experiment. It now seems to be firmly established. The movement began in New York City nearly a

years ago with headquarters at Carnegie

Hall,

unjustly compared to the smugglers who iyn school is the first wave sent out from subject today in a half-mournful, half-jest-infest the mountainous regions of Europe that initial splash. The originator of the

and 'traffic in contraband commodities and movement was Richard E. Mayne, a writer.

articles. As a rule, they are not as desper- The association is called the American So-

ate a lot as they are painted. Some have

ciety

portunities for gleaning the secret of the classes. President Mayne, in speaking of

in any but a college professor's mind, and mon speech is drawling. It is very common

dency of the body, and even when it was makes his "dew" does not include any- comparatively rare among our foreign popknown they had not in many instances the thing that the college student encountered ulation. The reason for this is, as I think, nerve to refuse the courtesy. Frequently in his study of chemistry, from a purely' the space was used for weeks without the practical point of view. editor reading it at all, and when he wo'.ce up The process is simple. The moonshiner to the work that had been done he found sends his corn to mill to have it ground. It that the heresies that had been taught were is converted int? meal, the same as is used almost beyond his power to overtake. Anna Diggs, one of the leaders of the movement ,pow, conducted one of these columns in one of the most rabid papers on the Republican side of the state for three months before the editor realized what she was teach-, ing. A halt was called, but it was too late.

and outrageous laws, but that! Hiram Corson, first vice president, and Gambetta, Jules Ferry, Jules Favre, Eugena, is done by men in other walks of life, and such are not denominated desperadoes.

Boyd Everett, corresponding secretary. There are three kind sof work laid out by the plan of the organization. These are: The instruction of members, the evolution of principles to be submitted to the public schools as educators, and people's reading

yet the way in which the rugged moonshin- among residents of New England, but it is

moonshiner, would take in some fine chem- the purpose of the movement, said connection with M. Rochefort's survival ia.fi ical process that could not have originatel "One of the greatest, defects in our com-

the lazy habits of the Americans. Thfy have come to be well off, as a rule, and have settled down to an easy life. The foreigners, on the other hand, have to toil

earnestly to get a living. The first step in

it in their own hands to speak or read with

in the matter of social speech. Percival

Chubb, recently in a lecture in Carnegie

average man uses only about one-fourth of

the words at his disposal. His uses one

word to express many meanings. The his-

of pipe about 16 feet long. It is through of encouragement. He regins with the propthis that the evaporation of the steam from er pronunciation of words in common use the still passes. The worm is coiled in the: that are, nevertheless, commonly misproflake stand, which is filled with water for the purpose of keeping the worm cool. If the worm was not thus coaled no evaporation would take place^.or at least not immediately. Then the other end of the worm runs out of the flake stand into the mouth of a funnel, which is placed in the keg or jug that catches the run. From the time the fire was started under the still until the brew is finished has consumed about two hours."

The whisky made by moonshiners is pronounced the very best when it has a little of age on it. They do not color it, but sell it just as it comes out of the still. It is then as clear as water.

One Vecrefc of T,oneevltv.

Those anxious to prolong this rapid transitory existence of ours beyond the average span, should loster his digestion, negatively by abstaining from indiscretions in diet, and affirmatively by the use of that peerless stomachic, Hostetter's Stomach Bitters, when he experiences symptoms of indigestion. The impairment of thedigestive function is fatal to vigor. Subdue with the Bitters, also, fever and ague, biliousness and constipation.

Salem Railroad Receiverfthlp. Toledo O., Jan. 12.—Judge Hammond of the United State Court issued an order appointing Byron S. Ambler, Salem, O., receiver of the Salem Railroad, and fixing his bond at $20,000. The order was mads in the sui tof the State Trust Co. of New York vs. the city of Salem. The road is five miles long and connects with the Erie

neax Latooia* Columbiana county.

fiSg&i 515-517 Wabash. Avenue.

•••••••••—a—a—

in a series of lectures, and the Brock- The famous pamphleteer comments on .he

ing tone

for the Improvement of Speech. Th3 of that name by Chateaubriand. They a«

themselves from what they officers are Richard S. Mayne, president all gone," says M. Rochefort. "Picard,

Bou!a

affording a popular education is to eradicate fleputies. As to his connection with the de that drawl and the next step is to inculcate fense government. M. Rochefort says that a fondness for beauty of sound. It is not jeft the post as soon as he could, for difficult to acquire a knowledge of the fact here. was too much talk and too little acthat each syllable should be sounded in it- tion. self. It makes no difference how rapidly one speaks, each syllable can be kept sep- AKiniTThat Won. arate from the others. When the scholars] he Earl of March, who was known ai are once taught to see this point they have q,"

0

flg]l a

a great degree of correctness. March appeared on the ground accompanied "As to the public schools, they are not

en

to

was not capable of expressing shades of this open box will shortly be better calcuthought as the Greek was. There is no excuse for men and women to be slipshod in our language. 16 abounds in opportunities for beautiful expression. The aim of the society is to help every one to talk, not only in a more mellifluous way, but also in

The teacher in the basement of the Warren Street Church is Walter V. Holt, formerly of the Adelphi Academy, and now of the American College of Flocution, on Greene avenue. The methods by which he gives instruction to the class may, perhaps, be best shown by describing a part of an evening's work. The pupils are seated before him on hard wooden benches, with books and pencils in hand, when he steps briskly on the platform and smiles by 'way

He says: do you pronounce the word

nouneed. "How b-e-e-n?"

There is a scattering response, and he says: "It is an affectation to pronounce the word, as many do, as though it is spelled b-e-a-n. It is pronounced as though it is were spelled b-i-n. Now, here is another word, d-e-c-o-r-a-t-i-v-e. It is Bostonese to give the accent on the second syllab's. Do not be misled by your Boston friends. The accent is on the first syllable. Now, how do you pronounce tho word bronchitis?" The unanimous response is that the last syllable should be lige "ee," but the instructor says that is wrong. It is pronounced like "i" in the word writer. The same rule obtains in the words "laryngitis," appendicitis" and all words ending in "itis." Words ending in "ain" should be pronounced like "in." "Brooch," an article of ornament, is pronounced as though spelled "broach." The division of syllables is insisted upon civil should be pronounced "civ-il," and not "cvle-" "pencil" is "pencil" and not "pencle "Now says Mr. Holt, "how do you pronounce devil?

The answer comes promptly "devle." That is where the answer is wrong, the Professor says. The pronunciation is "devil." He goes -on to say that "column" is "column," and never "colume," "cynosure" is pronounced as though spelled "sinosure "sinecure" is not "sinnycure," but nas the "i" long. The word "aunt" is not like "awnt," nor is it like "ant," but like "a" in father. "Dog" is not "dawg," but like the "o"' ia hos. to this way the tether in

$9.75 $5.00

$9 Suits and ms mwrnm.

Y4

-5"„ •WlWOfwlIfWWfVI

UNE BRO

a very shor£ time goes through a long list of words. The latter part of the lecture was an exercise in reading, each of the,persons prrs-t ent taking a turn at a sentence of a poem' by Longfellow. After the sentence had beon read the instructor pointed out where the expression of the poet's meaning ir ^hfi have been improved. When any showed a disposition to avoid p-ssible smiles from the audience the teacher would say: "Remember, I am the one to make the fun, not you." Interspersed in the lectures were inspiring phrases like "Words are picture! painted on the mind." "If we are frank and true our melody as we speak will be beautiful."

ROCHEFORT THE LAST.

Only Surviving Member of the Government of Natural Defense. Owing to the death of Emmanuel Arago, M. Henri Rochefort now remains the only surviving member of the government of national defence, constituted on the fall of th empire in September, 1870, says a Pariscorrespondent of the London Telegraph.

...

compares himself to "The Lasl

the Abencerages

»in allusion to the worU

OTT a__

Pelistan, Cremieux, Glais-Bizoin, Julei^ Simon, General Trochu and now Arago. 1' have had the chance to see them all disappear the young and the old, for Gambetti| and Ferry were my juniors. Ambition killed some of them before their time and old aga finiohort off the rest." Another feature in fa?

ff the rest." Another feature in"

0

the {act

hat the persons whose colleagua

he was

for

a ve

begt to hav6

one occasion was challenged to

,jUel by an Irish sportsman. Lord

a second,

entirely at fault for the quality of the speak- great, however, was his surprise to see his ing usually found in them. The difficulty

is in the divided responsibility, as regards

oppon

own but

school influences and home influences. Tha staggered under the weight of a polished oak home has far greater scope than the school

coj5n,

V/Jg

ry brief period did their

jjim condemned, Jules Simon,

however, being an exception. Emmanuel. Arago, a friend of Rochefort family, waa even one of those who wanted the editor of*, the Lanterne to be transported to New Caledonia. Some of the same colleagues also had him condemned in 1889 with General

pger in their capacities as senators otf

surgeon and other witnesses,

ent to appear with a like retinue to hil

increased by a third person who

which he deposited on the ground

a up with its lid facing Lord March and

pa

Hall, showed how instruction in the public ^hen his lordship read the inscription plata schools is set back by failure of parents to engraved with his own name and title and co-operate with the teachers in the use of he date and year of demise, which was the correct English. actual day as yet scarcely warm. Tho earl "As to diction used in every-day life, it is

a fact that excepting trained writers the

rty. Surprise gave place to terror

at once appr0

an( up

ached his facetious antagonist

braided him with so unseemly a joke,

^ich the Irishman replied: "Why, my

dear

feuow

y0u

never miSS

torian, Macaulay, said that the Latin lan- ,XCellent trim for sport this morning I have guage was a barbarous tongue because it ^ot

are of course aware that I

iny man, and as I find mj^elf In

a

ha(jow doubt upon my mind that

lated for you than your present errs-?." Lord March was so impressed by his antagonist's confident manner that a peace waa patched up between them.—San Francisco Argonaut.

To Cure a Cold in One Day.

Take laxative Bromo QuiDine Tablets. All druggists refund the money if it^ fails to cure. 25c.

Painter to the King.

In 1767 Ramsay succeeded Shackelton as portrait painter to the court, an appointment which

multiplied

his commissions, esp cially

"for pictures of royal personages, to an inordinate extent, turning his studio into a mere manufactory of portraits. L-'itle in these but the head was executed by him^e.f and even the head, in course of time, fell

t»

pupils, who, like Reimagle, the elder, had caught their master's manner. Tho kin® was in the habit of presenting elaborate fulllengths of himself and queen to all the foreign ambassadors, (two of the first of thesa went to the Duke de Nivernals at Par-s), and Ramsay's studii, first in Soho and rfterward in Harley street, where it overflowed into the hayloft and coachrooms af the back, was selaom free from royal efflg ei in various stages of composition -Au.tia Dobson.

"Give me the Luxuries

of life and I will do without its necessities," said John Lothiop Motley.

Both a It- t:ury md—when yrfu know it thorough-/-a necessity is

Liebig*

EXTRACT OF BEEF

Yet it is as economical as it is delightful. Useful in so many wavs that all well ordered homes keep it lu»ndy on the shelf.