Saturday Evening Mail, Volume 24, Number 28, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 6 January 1894 — Page 7

WBl§

NOT PETRIFACTION.

NEVER WAS SUCH A THING A|.A£|JRIFIED HUMAN BODY.

Ai. Few Facts on a Subject WUicli Is at the Mcrcy of Popular Ignorance—Cliffs on the Vellowstone River—Tl hat Petrifaction {(rally Is- ',

reads almost every week in the

Bcussmpt-rs of the finf.ing of a "petrified" lumiiin Inxiy Such a thing never did and never will exist* Nevertheless, so dense ia the popnl.ir ignorance of. such matters, ami so ready the human mind to be deluded. that reports of. this kind are commonly, accepted as facts. It would be well if the}* could be deprived'of credibility for all future time by the publication of a few truths oti this subject.

In the first place a "petrifaction" is not, strictly speaking, a transformation of the original animal or plant into stone. It is merely a replacement of the organic tissue by mineral substance. As each particle of the plant or animal decays and disappears, its place is taken, usually in water or mud, by a particle of mineral matter deposited from the water which has held It in suspension. Thus the perishable original is changed into imperishable Btone, preserving its form and even its structural appearance when cut into.

By such

means

have the skeletons of an

imals millions of years old been preserved in the rocks of the everlasting hills, so that they may be reconstructed today as they were ages before man appeared on the earth. But it is only the bones that are in this way kept never the flesh, because water cannot percolate through it. In the dame way whole forests of trees in the Yellowstone region and elsewhere are changed into agate and other forms of stone, the hollow logs of the forest primeval being often found filled with beautiful crystals of quartz and amethyst.

The cliffs that border the eastern branch of the Yellowstone river afford a view of a series of such forests buried on top of one another. The lowermost level was originally a wooded plain, hundreds of thousands of years ago. Volcanoes burst forth Jn the neighborhood, and it was overwhelmed by their debris. On top the latter fresh trees took root and grew, to be in their turn buried by subsequent eruptiou.s. This sort of thing continued through century after century, until 4,000 feet of accumulations were heaped above the forest at the bottom.

Beneath the hills thus formed water flowed, as it does constantly through the earth's crust. The.buried trees gradually decayed, and their decomposing substance was replaced by mineral matter, transforming them into stone. Afterward the Yellowstone river cut down through the strata formed of volcanic debris in the manner described. For thousand's and thousands of years the great stream plowed out its bed, until today the latter is a cut 4,000 feet deep—a canyon walled in by towering cliffs. And as one looks upward at those cliffs tho buried forests are plainly to bo seen in the successive layers composing them. They can be counted easily, the reckoning carrying tho observer back to the very night of time, when real dragons and chimeras dire walked on the earth, swam in the seas and flew in the air.

Nearly all tho trees which line these wonderful cliffs are turned into agate. One can climb up and knock them off, as they break readily into sections. Many of them, which were hollow before they

were buried, are filled with beautiful crys"*talst»f qimrtMiind nmethyst. Water, percolating into such hollow trunks, brought particles of silica, which formed themselves into Crystals, finally filling up the cavities. It is in hollow parts of buried trees that nearly all existing crystals of amethyst and quartz were originally formed. They are treasures which were hidden away by the hand of nature ip old logs and stumps. Amethyst of course is merely quartz crystal with little coloring matter from metallic oxides.

Much of the agatized and jasperized wood found in various parts of the west was thus transformed under water. There is a fossil forest of such material at Los Cerillos, N. M., and another at Chalcedony Park, A. T. It is largely used for ornamental purposes. The trees fell and were submerged, becoming silicified in the manner already described. While this was going on, spores of fungi floated into the eracks in the trunks and branches, germinating and extending their threads of mycelium through the decaying wood. These threads are still visible iu the "petrified"—the word "fossilized" is considered preferablo substance, ramifying through the cells of the wood. Tli« water also broughtsalts of iron in solution, which were secreted by the fungus and afterward deposited by it, thus enriching the coloration of the fossilized structure.

Iron, being plentiful in many rocks and readily soluble, often replaces organic substauces and forms fossils. In the department of prehistoric anthropology at the Smithsonian institution is preserved a human skull of iron, which was dug out of a hillside not long ago. Not only has iron replaced the substance of the bone, but the brain cavity is filled with tho metal, so that the skull weighs many pounds. The hill in which its owner was buried was rich in iron ore, of course.

Shells, inclosed in the strata of hills, are sometimes transformed into opal by a process of fossilisuit ion, opal being merely a form of quart*. Petrifications, properly termed fossil remains, of plants are readily distinguishable in beds of coal, so that it is easily determined from what sorts of giant ferns and other trees the coal was originally formed. Among the most ancient of fossils are numerous insects, which, despite the delicacy of their structure, have been preserved through millions of years for the instruction of A modern generation, the very fluff on the wings of the primeval moth being plainly distinguishable.

Most of the bodies reported in the new» 'papers as found "petrified" are examples of a phenomenon long familiar. They have been transformed not into stone, but into a substance called "adipocere," or "grave wax." This is a true soap, into which the corpse of a human being will ordinarily be metamorphosed if buried in a graveyard orotlSer place where water has aocess to it.

This adipocere is one of the most enduring of substances. It is not subject to decay, and the body which has assumed this constitution may preserve its form for mauy years, and even for centuries— nay, for ages, since evidence on the point has been obtained from the orthoccras, a mollusk that became extinct millions of years ago, of large size, and built after the pattern of the chambered nautilus, bat with a t*t might tiheU.

In shells of tho orthoceras has been found adipocyte—tho flesh of tho animal transformed into the soapy snbstance described, which would thus appear to have been preserved intact from the silurian epoch until now.—Washington Star.

SUGGESTIONS FOR BEDROOMS.

The^®%y?®aof

EacU

To carry out in detail the foregoing a somewhat heavy purse is necessary, and there are many pleasant homes where less expensive decorations are desirable It is surprising to see how attractive simple rooms can be made by the aid of flowered cheesecloth, deal -boxes and a little ingennity. For the iron bedstead, painted white, a French cover can be made of the cheesecloth, with a valance of the same material. A large box forms the dressing table. This is covered with cheesecloth, a deep ruffle forming the front and sides, the top being plain. A strong board a few inches wide and about four feet high should be nailed in the center at the back of the box in an upright position, and to the top of the board may be fastened a small crossbar extending out over the dressing table. From the top of the board to the two back corners of the box the cheesecloth is to be draped so as to form a triangle and conceal the board. Another long piece of the cloth edged with lace on one Bide is thrown over the crossbar, falling below the sides of the table and forming a small canopy. A square mirror, its frame coveredjwith folds of the cheese oloth, should be hung diagonally on the board at the back.

Pine shelves! made like a simple bookcase and painted white provide a place for the usual contents of bureau drawers, and before these are hung curtains of cheesecloth. The washstand may consist of a white table, but it would be a mistake to drape this in any way with the cloth, aa it would soon assume a bedraggled appearance if water was spilled upon it. White muslin curtains tied back with ribbon to match the flower on tbe cheescloth should hang at the windows. A rocking chair,three or four other chairs, a small writing table, a neat matting on the floor, and the walls simply papered or painted in tints that harmonize with the general coloring completearoom where any one with an easy conscience might delight to rest.

The Convenient Linen Bag.

When there is space for it, a wicker hamper with cover is the very best receptacle for soiled linen. Many house-

A FANCIFUL LINEN BAG.

Wives, however, give preference to bags for this purpose. Some very pretty linen bags are made of colored linen for working with white flax threads others are of twill or drilling. The average bag is made square and arranged to draw up at the top with a string or tape. There are also more fanciful arrangements of this useful article, such as the one here reproduced from The Housewife.

Hints.

in purchasing canned goods it is a safe rule to observe whether the head of the can is concave, a bulging appearance being indicative of decomposition.

Doughs that stick to rolling pin, board and hands in a hot kitchen should be set away till thoroughly chilled, but all trouble might have been saved by nsing cold fat, flour and liquid at first, and the texture of the dough would have been better.

The most delicate way to boil an egg is to pour boiling water over it and allow it to remain without boiling for 10 minutes. It will be found perfectly cooked.

To polish einc, wash clean, wipe dry and rub with a woolen rag moistened with coal oil

Do not boil turnips or earrots or any other vegetables with meat, as both are •polled thereby.

«...«* Y:

jaws

TERREHICJTE SA TURD A Y'EVE,v

^™fav!nStU

Flower. Mg|

These are days when the labor of fur nishin a house becomes an artistic pleasure, and the perfect harmonizing of carpets, wall papers, furniture and even bric-a-brac is by no means a difficult task, Housewives have gone through with various crazes, euch as the

color

rooms, the

nations rooms, etc., and now comes the pretty idea of flower rooms. As explained in the New York Tribune, each bedroom has its flower. The walls are covered with a paper on which is a design of the flower. The bedspread, which is made of a heavy cotton cloth, is in the French shape, is drawn up to cover the round bolster, and n0 pillows are used even when the bed is arranged for the night. The edge of the cloth is exit in largo scallops finished with a deep buttonhole stitch in silks of the shades of the flower, and this flower is also embroidered in some artistic manner upon the cover. A deep flounce of heavy lace falls from under the scalloped edge.

Pincushion and bureau covers are embroidered in the same flower, and the towels that hang inside the white washstand have the monograms in the same shades. The bedsteads are of brass, and the rest of the furniture is white. Dainty muslin curtains tied back with ribbons of the proper hue hang at the windows. Even the bric-a-brac in these beautiful rooms correspond in color, and on the walls, framed in white, are etchings or soft water colors—sometimes these latter are clusters of the room's flower. In the guests' rooms even the writing tables boast exquisite china accessories that are decorated with the flower. Each room is called by the name of its flower —the "violet," "clover," "golden rod," "wild rose" or "chrysanthemum" room.

THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS.

IT WAS DREADED MORE THAN DEATH.

They Who Crossed It Never Returned to the Sunlight—What Connection Has It With the Present Generation

The celebrated Bridge of Sighs hatl always been looked upon as the acme of suffering and mi^Hrv. With what a feeling of Liorror we think ibe thousands of victims who tmve crossed tt never to return. Bu tti^r« is another bridge, almost as old »s t.hrt ivorl'l tt-elf, and which is a« prolific of *uti«nrifr to day as iu the early age». Th^r^'ts abridge connecting health and disease which has caused more sighs in the history of the world than any structure built by the hand of man. It is a subject for universal sadness when we think how many are daily crossing this bridge. Can we return, or

must

MISS JESSIE McVEY,

"I got medicine from several doctors^ but it seemed as though it helped me some at the first, but in a little while I would feel as^bad, if not worse than ever. I began to be discouraged when I saw an advertisement of how Dr. Greene's Nervura blood and nerve remedy helped others who were worse off than I was, and I concluded-to give it a trial. Before taking half a bottle I began to feel better. I did not feel so tired and nervous. My head felt better and my appetite improved. I have taken three bottles and keep on improving. I think this wonderful medicine cannot be praised highly enough, for it makes the weak strong and the old feel'young again."

Thanks to this remarkable medicine, they who have strayed from the paths of health and started to pass that perilous bridge leading to fatal disease, may return to the bright sunlight of a happy life, free from tbe sighs and sorrows of suffering.

The world is filled with sickness and suffering, with persons who are in need of justsuch a valuable medicine as Dr. Greene's Nervnra blood and nerve^remedy.

If you are troubled with nervousness, headache, palpitation, stomach, liver or kidney complaints, all of whicbj indicate a more or less exhausted, condition of the nervous system and^disordered state of the blood, take this remedy which is purely vegetable and harmless and which has been made famousjby so many remarkable cures and by healing the sick and sufferiugjall over the land. It has entered thousands of homes where the oecupant^, stricken with disease, worn out with care and bowed down with sorrow, hardly knowjwhere to turn next for a helping hand, and it has raised up the sick, strengthened the weary watcher and brought happiness to all, and has indeed transformed the mournful, sorrowful abode of disease into a happy, healthy home.

Dr. Greene, the great specialist in curing all nervous and chronic diseases, can be consulted at his office, 35 W. 14th street. New York free of charRe, personally or by letter.

Confection* of the Toilet.

Here are some of the so called confections of the toilet to which the French lady pays so much attention! Silk corset laces, silk drawstrings for skirts, tights, etc., laceruffles run with narrow ribbons, garters with buckles and txws, corset steels faced with silk plush, gold and silver hooks to keep the skirts from running up above the hipa or waist shoes, boots and slippers lined with colored kid, embroidered handkerchiefs edged with narrow lace, hemstitched flannoj skirts, muslin and silk ruffles edged with valencienes laces, ruffing on nighty dresses and dressing jackets, hemsutchea to the garment silk embroidered veils, suTBT ornaments, sudh as the violete, flowtJ-de-luce, clover, eta, applied to an opera bag fur 1 died carriage shoes, silk ooverea footrests, silver buckles for the belong In dna waists, infant muslins for undm car,, etc.—Fashion Journal. iiiwiarnfr-

TNGr

we leave the sun

light of health forever behind us? This is indeed a fearfully important question. This query'intereats us as it interested a young lady of our acquaintance named Miss Jessie McVey, who resides in Irvington, Ind. "I had always been rather robust and well," she said, "until the last two or three years, when it so happened that I overtaxed my strength in trying to do too much work. I had a spell of nervous prostration and was so weak all the time I could scarcely get around. "I have also been troubled with rheumatism more or less for a long time, which grew worse after my nerves become weak. Of a morning I would feel more tired than when I went to bed, and on going up stairs I would give clear out by tbe time I reached the top, and my heart would flutter and feel as though it was up in my throat. "My bead also troubled me a great deal. My face would flush up in a moment and my eyes would burn and hurt and iny head would feel as though it would bur»t at the same time my feet arid hands would be cold I was also troubled with catarrh for several years.

MAIL, JANUARY 6, 1894.

HOME DECORATIONS.

The Treatment For Long Rooms That .. Have Very Low Ceilings.

I can never feel the pitying contempt many people do for low rooms, which, in nine cases out of ten, are far more lov able than high ones, so that when I am asked for pity from a reader whose room is "long and low. windows all down one side and clumsy thick beams across the ceiling," I am quite as prone to congratulate atf to sympathize, especially if she is not overburdened with this world's goods, for in a low room there is nothing to "live up to," and a Chippendale bureau or corner cupboard, which would be lost in the lofty drawing room of a wmm

A LOW AND LOVELY NOOK.

stately house, in such a modest room produces its full effect of beauty and refinement. It is proverbial how easy it is to make cottage rooms pretty.

Thus writes a correspondent of The Housewife, who continues to discourse as follows: Take courage then, ye owners of low rooms? A grand effect may not be yours, but far better the cozy lovable charm which few very high rooms can ever compass. It is a curious decorative fact that, though a frieze is utterly unsuited to a very low room, a dado 2 feet 6 inches or 8 feet deep has an excellent effect. Are there deep beams across the ceiling? Then paint these the color of old oak and utilize as a show place for old china.

Let us suppose this room to be well lit, big windows down the side and large one at the end, but that the aspect is a chifiy one. Then surely it is time for a bold stroke, and we cover the walls with a red, brocadelike paper, with a yellow ceiling paper shining between the dark rafters. The windows we hang with the "old tapestry cretonne cur tains," fascinating in massive dull green, blue and bronze leafage against the gold background.

Curtained apart way down its length, any long room can be broken up and made picturesque then, too, is formed by such drapery a cozy nook free from drafts.

A loghouse with beams showing may be picturesque-, with birch baskets of trailing wood vines suspended overhead, a Navajo blanket for curtain, and a bunk with big pillows in turkey red twill and butternut jean, a far more ar tistic and desirable color than the blue denim people are growing tired of. The jar for flowers may be either Japanese red and gold, Rookwood or the red Leeds ware, or in default of either, the shape suggests a form of lard jar, which only needs a coat of Indian red or amber paint to be received in good society, filled with evergreen branches and cones where flowers are not.

For Piano Students.

Here is some advice given in The Etude In cases of difficulty in adapting a given fingering to a certain passage, transpose the figure into various keys, using the same fingering. In cantibile passages, and nearly all those requiring the idea of breadth and sonority, the thought of percussion in connection with the piano must be entirely erased, leaving room only for pressure, or "drawing," like a violin bow. To gain endurance and a fine, firm, controlled depth of tone, in fingerwork, practice much with a high stroke, pianissimo depth of thought, and in handwork, octaves, chords and the like, much the same.

Styles In Searfpins.

The scarfpins, which, by the way, women patronize quite as much as men, are out in a great variety of designs. One is a flying dove with a pearl body and diamond wings. Another is a toad with a body of seed pearls sSd spots of olivine. The bug world does not seem

POPULAR SCARFFEiS.

so supreme now as during the summer, when their appropriateness is more apparent, but designs with a central jewel and surrounding gems are more-com-mon. There are, however, many beautiful floral forms such as tiny jeweled sprays. Wreath scarfpins contribute another floral form that is decidedly popjilar. AH gold scarfpins take on •hnpA« borrowed from the animal world, tuch as monkeys, fox heads, birds, etc.

Mr. Asquith's Double.

Here is a good story of Mr. Asquitii, who lived recently at Hampstead. A photographer in St. John's Wood was Visited one day by a man bearing a striking resemblance' to the home secretary, and he took his portrait. The photographer, who prided himself on knowing Mr. Asquith by sight, jumped to the conclusion that he had the home secretary as a sitter, and when he took the picture he hinted that lie should be glad of the right to sell it if his distinguished visitor would make terms.

The man seemed astonished, but ultimately said that he would take £10 for all rights in .the artistic work. The photographer wast somewhat surprised-.that so important a personage should ask money, but said that if the sitter would allow him he would send £10 by post, and then the man left. A few days after St. John's Wood was placarded with portraits labeled "The Home Secretary," and Mr. Asquith reckVed a check for £10, which was a mystery to him. What were the feeliifgs of the photographer, who soon found out his mistake, may be better imagined than described.—London Correspondent.

Scrofula, whether hereditary or acquired, is thoroughly expelled from tbe blood by Hood's Sarsaparilla, the great blood purifier.

A Greal Woman Cliess Player.:

It has beens lid that a man who can play a great gam:) of chess can lead an army to victory. Cannot the same, then, be true of a woman? If so, Kentucky has produced agreat woman chess player. She has been pronounced the greatest woman chess player in America. Her name is Mrs. J. W. Showalter, the wife of the champion. She is only 22 years old and is described as the possessor of very abundant golden brown hair, large, full, violet blue eyes and a charming peachblow colored complexion. Perhaps if she lives until the next great war she will develop into a successful general in the army.

She said in a recent conversation that her husband had taught her to play chess. She continued, "He began by giving me the odds of a queen, and as I learned quite rapidly he played the game with me a good deal." She was asked, "Does he give you odds now?" and she replied, "Hecan'tgive me the odds of a knight and win the game, though with the odds of a pawn and two moves I cannot beat him."—Indianapolis Sentinel. s_

The Captain

Of good ship Storm King says: For the past five years I have used Sulphur Bitters on board my vessel, and have not lost a man. They area sure preventive of all contagious fevers, so incident to warm climates. .Please send me at once twodo^en bottles, jmd oblige J. ST ARRET.

(,, A Timely Bit of Advice.

In these times of grip and pneumonia it is of ^reat importance that we should know where to look for a safe and sure remedy. A slight cold may become a serious one, the scarcely noticeable pain in the chest is too often the forerunner of pneumonia. Tbe first cough may lead to consumption (a cough is always dangerous). Never neglect a cold o~ cough for even one day, but get at once as a safe and sure remedy, Kemp's Balsam, tbe best cough cure, which is recommended on all sides. It should be kept in the house regularly to avoid de lay when needed. It is sold at all the drug stores.

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Sample copy of the Magazine, witti 9 Colored Pictures, sent for 20c. Catalogue Free. THE ART INTERCHANGE CO., 9 Desbrosses St., N. Y.

Are You Going South This Winter?

IPSO

MAKE YOUR ARRANGEMENTS TO GO VIA THE

BIG FOUR ROUTE.

Whether In pursuit of health or pleasure, no portion of the country offers so many and varied attractions at this season as the Bunny South. The Orange Groves of Florida redolent with the perfume of sweet blossoms, wave their branches in hearty welcome to the tourist from the Snow-clad Northland and the mellow breezes of tbe Southern Sea woo the inVaild from tbe Blizzards of the Frozen North. There is one line to Florida "The Big Four Route" which on account of Its excellent train service, perfect connections In Union Depots and absence of transfers. forms the "Tourists Ideal Line to Flor Ida." From all points north «of tbe Ohio River tbe Big Four Route, in connection with tbe Through Car Lines from Cincinnati, will be found to offer the Best Time, Best Service and Best Equipment to all Southern Points,and if you desire to travel witb comfort and ease be sure your tickets read via the Bis Four Route. Tickets on sale at 710 tbash avenue and Sixth street Depot.

K. K. South, Oen'l Agt.

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isa

A YOUNG GIRL'S FORTUNE.

AN INTERESTING SKETCH. Nothing appeals so strongly to a mother's affection as her daughter just budding into womanhood. Following is an instance: "Our daughter. Blanche, now 15 years of apre, had been terribly afflicted with nervousness, and had lost the entire use of her right aim. She was iu such condition that we had to keep her from 1 :hool and abandon her music lessons. In fact, we feared St. Vitus danee, and are positive but lor an invaluable remedy sho would have had that terrible affliction. We had employed physicians, but she received no benefit from them. The first of last August sho weighed but 75 pounds, and although sho has taken only three bottles of Nervine she now weighs 106 pounds: her nervousness and symptoms of St. Vitus dance are entirely gone, she attends school regularly, and studies with comfort and ease. She has recovered complete use of her arm, her appetite is splendid, and no money could procure for our daughter the health Dr. Miles' Nervine has brought her.

When my brother recommended tho remedy I had no faith in patent medicines, and woula not listen to him, but as a last resort he sent us a bottle, we began giving it to Blanche, and ilie effect was almost immediate."—Mrs. It, R. Bullock, Brighton, N. Y.

Dr. Miles' Restorative Nervine is sold by all druggists on a positive guarantee, or sent direct by the Dr. Miles Medical Co., Elkhart, Ir.d., on receipt of price, $1 per bottle, six bottles for $5, express prepaid. It is positively free ftom, opiates or dangerous drugs.

Established 1861. Incorporated 1888,

QLIFT & WILLIAMS CO.,

Successors to Clift, W'lllliuiib d' o,

J. H. WILLIAMS, President. J. M. L'Lir., Sec'j Troas. MANUFACTURERS OF

Sash, Doors, Blinds, etc.'

A.ND f)K/.UIl»8 IN

LUMBER, LA TU, SHINGLES GLASS, FAINTS, OILS

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VERY LOW RATES

CALIFORNIA

VIA THE

Big Four Route.

ACCOUNT

MIDWINTER FAIR

For the Midwinter Fair now being held at San Francisco, the Big Four Route has placed in effect very low rates from all points on its great system of railroads to San Francisco^ Lo» Angeles, San Diego and other principal, points in California and the West, Northwest and Southwest, and will $ell ticket# via

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Illinois, place it in the lead for this business. Solid vestinuled trains run daily to St. Louis with elegant sleeping cars, parlot cars and dining cars, from Cleveland, Cincinnati, Terre Haute, Indianapolis and intermediate points. The route to St. Louis baa always been the favorite from Terre Haute, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Columbus, Dayton and Sprlngfleld, with Wagner sleeping cars, private compartment buffet sleeping cars, reclining chair cars, parlor cars and dfning cars. Through sleeping cars leave Cincinnati and Indianapolis dally for Peoria. This excellent service is unexcelled by any other line, and'all persons going to California this winter should by all means consult the nearest representative of the Big Four Route for rates and all other information pertaining to the great west. E. E. SOUTH, GenH Agu E. OT MoCOKMICK, D. B. MARTIN, ~le Mgr.

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