Saturday Evening Mail, Volume 21, Number 7, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 9 August 1890 — Page 8

HOW A MOSAIC IS

'of

VI8IT TO A LONDON GLASS MANUFACTORY DESCRIBED

Some Information About an Interepttag Art—How the Old Methods Differed from Those of Today—A Curious Ancient Method «f Decoration.

One of the most important recent developments in glass manufacturing has toen in the art of working in glass mosaic, and they have reproduced in this method Mr. Holman Hunt's pictnrg of '•Christ among the Doctors," which many people may remember in the old Watercolor society's exhibition in 1887. The mosaic, abont eight feet wide and four feet high, was made for the reredoe of Clifton college chapel. Few people have the slightest idea of how a mosaic is made. "The art of working in mosaic, the most imperishable of wall decorations, was known to the Romans," said Mr. Powell, superintendent of a manufactory, "and has been revived and practiced at various times. Thus there was a revival in Raphael's time, and Titian also made designs for mosaic. In our own day it has been revived by Salviati, in Venice, and it has been practiced in the Vatican and at St. Peter's in Rome under the present and former pope for the purpose of reproducing the works of the old i^agters i^. imperishable form. Most

the work don£ In this country and on the continent for the last quarter of a cvntury has been by Salviati. "For instance, the designs of Alfred Stevens for the spandrels in the dome of St. Paul's are carried out by him, and were executed in Venice. We have been working at mosaic for about ten years, and have introduced some very important improvements. We have, moreover, trained all our own craftsmen, and every part of the work, from the making of the glass to the completion of the picture, is (lone by highly skilled English craftsmen."

MOW TI1B GLASS IS MADE.

"And how are the cubes of glass made and arranged into a picture?' "You must begin at the beginning and see the glass made," said Mr. Powell, leading the way into the workshop.^ "But first let me show you what the bid method was. This," showing me a piece of opaque colored glass, for all the world like a biscuit,,"is apiece of glass such as is used in Venice. It is mado by taking ajbig drop oljnolfcen glass and pressing iVput fiat—^Pubout a quarter of an inch in tluclcntsiti. These are made in every color. Thsy are cut into little cubes and arranged to form the design, and it is the cut face which forms the picture surface. The disadvantages are the disagreeable glitter of the glass and the difficulty of shaping the pieces." "And the new method?" I was shown the maker of the glass at work. The workman has a shallow mold, into which he sifts from the perforated bottom of a tin jug a colored jxnvder. From another jug he sifts another thickness of white powder, and then a considerable thickness of coarser powder, making altogether about ^quarter of an inch. These powders are of ground glass and are fused by the heat of the fire into a solid tile. The first powder is of the color the glass is intended to be, the second is white, to give quality to the surface color and to resist damp, and the third is simply a baking of coarser glass to give strength nnBkluckness.

The tile istnen cut up into little pieces with steel American wheel into the shapes required. "The advantage," continued Mr. Powell, "besides the superior color is that we use the surface instead of the cut edge of the tile for the picture. And so we can cut any shape we require. Thus, as in Mr. Holman Hunt's picture, we can cut pieces into the shape of a thumb nail, or of a nostril, or of parts of an eye, or of any of the little bits of drawing which go to make up a pietnro. In the old way these tilings would have to be made up of little cubes, and of course the shapes would not have been nearly so accurate. By our method we are enabled to approach much nearej to pictorial effect—quite as near as is desirable in this class of decoration."

HOW TUB MRCE8 ARK POT TOGETHER, "And the putting of the pieces together?" "Thero are several ways. The most obvious is to cement the glass piece by piece upon the stonework. But that makes very uneven work, and it is difficult to make alterations. The methods avo actually practice are two—namely, •face down'and'face up.' The forrnet i% used for decorative panels and the latter for important work, like pictures. The method is this: We have a tracing made of* say, a head, which tracing is pasted down on a plate of glass. The little pieces of mosaic are then, after much careful selection and cutting, put down upon their places on the tracing and fixed vwth weak cement, and so bit by bit the whole is made up. "The advantage is that we see what we are doing as we go on, and that alterations are easily made, When the work is finished in this way it is rvady for transferring permanently to the stone wall or to a slab of slate. This is easily done. We take & piece of linen, wioU a* architects use for tracing, and cement it nil over Hie lace of the pieces of gias& When this is hard the linen with all the pieces of txtosate is stripped off the glass plate. The slab of slate or the wall is then prepared with cement, upon which the mmn-c, held together by the lm :k is pjws.«ed ftttd left to bkrden. Tin* linen then washed off cud the tvnklwxt mosaic erased to view. And this is how a glass inoasalc is made*." -Pall Mall Odette.

Tali* Year C*i»t«w. can get the position if yott

can and somebody that can go on ytmr bond. Smith—Which do yon prefer, Willi® Van-lerhilt ©r Jay (StoaM? "Are yon acquainted with themT ••Not at all bnt tbey cao go on say bond, can't tfcey, toT— Texas Sifting*.

TRAPPING MUSKRATS.

Kloir tlit Fas Hunters In the Maryland Marshes Secure Their Prey. A visit to a lnuskratting village, as the scattering cabins of the trappers along the borders of Fishing bay, Maryland, are called, will be a revelation to toe stranger. The cabins are rude and have barely a habitable appearance. The occupants are squatters, and the materials of which their cabins are built have been appropriated from the nearest tract of timber land. The trappers and their families area wild and tattered race of beings, bnt hardy and good natured. One peculiarity of a muskratting village is the large number of children that belong to each cabin.

Another feature of the community is a species of razor back hog that swells population with its presence. This nondescript member of the porcine family has an important mission to perform in these settlements, and he perfoi^ns it with a will. It is the making away with the hundreds of surplus muskrat carcasses that accumulate, although the flesh of the muskrat forms an important article of food with the trapper and his family. As for that, however, eaters of muskrat meat are not confined to the trapping villages of Fishing bay, foe it is considered a great delicacy by many an epicure in that land of terrapin and canvas backs.

A remarkable thing about the razor back hogs of the muskrat region isthat, though they devour untold pounds of muskrat meat every day, they never show the richness of their keeping by adding a single pound of flesh to their carnivorous bodies.

The muskrat builds its house so that, hile it has a couple of stories high and dry on the ground, the entrance to it is always under water. This entrance is a long tunnel running from a, point afoot or more below the water at low tide line to the ground floor of the house, which is always flooded. The muskrat's reason for having this subterranean entrance to his dwelling place is that ^hereby he has an exit or an entrance in time of danger that will not betray him to his enemies, either in his flight from home or in seeking refuge within its walls. But his instinct does not warn him against the trap his most cunning and persistent enemy places at this hidden entrance to his house, changing it from a way to safety into an avenue of certain death. This trap is a wooden box, three feet long and six inches in width arid depth.

In each end is wire door, hung on hinges at the top. These doors rise at the slightest push on the outside, but will not open from the inside. The trap is sunk in the water to the mouth of the muskrat's tunnel and anchored there, and whether the muskrat is going out of his house or returning to it he is sure to walk into the trap. If he had time the captive rodent could gnaw his way out of the box, but before he can free himself he will drown. A whole family of muskrats may be taken in a single night in one of these traps, and, as every trapper has out as many traps as he can attend to, the rat harvest which they reap every night is a rich one.

There are other ways by which the muskrat is pursued. In the daytime the hunters steal over the marshes and jab long handled spears with sharp, barbed tines down through the roofs of the muskrat houses. Sometimes a spear will impale half a dozen rats ns they lie cuddled together in their cozy nests. Hunters with guns skirt the marshes at night looking for muskcats with the aid of jack lamps, but that method of hunting is followed more to indulge the sporting inclination of the hunter than to reap profit. Times of extraordinary tides on the marshes are times always welcomed by the muskratter, for the rata are then forced from their houses, in spite of the infallible instinct they are alleged to possess in foreseeing Buch calamitous happenings, and guarding against them by building their houses higher. They are compelled to flee to the open country and seek places of safety, which they rarely find, for the trappers and hunters have no difficulty in locating them, and so they are given over to a wholesale daughter.—Clothier and Furnisher.

Rare Formosa Stamps.

Philatelists will be interested in a certain passage of the last official report which is made by the British consul at Tamsui, in Formosa. It is to the effect that the supply of the so called Formosa stamps has come to an end, and that accordingly the value of current stamps must necessarily increase as time goes on. This Formosa stamp is so far a genuine stamp that it was originally produced for postal uses, but, as a matter of fact, the intention was never carried out, so it has been impassible to obtain specimens authenticated by a postmark. As philatelists would say, it has never been more than an "essay."* However, these stamps were utilized as railway tickets on the Formosan government railway line, and as fast as used they were destroyed. The supply issued for this purpose has been exhausted. When the stamp was first "essayed it brought as high as sixpence in London, and of late collectors have been paying $2J50 for single specimens. Of course almost any price out be demanded and wiil lie paid for one of these stamps. Certain Mauritius Stamps are exceeding rare, and the stamps of the defunct German principalities are rapidly be* owning «*rce,-~Engeise Field ia Chicago News.

Novelist William IttaeiK,

One who Imows Willi B* krth* novelist, says ©f hiim "1 t-.jfc best thing about Black is that gacoess has not tamed his bead. He is still the eottrtly. pleasant gentleman that, be was in lite old days Mote novel writing had made him faxnoufe and given him an independent bank account. Bnt he is no longer an ar&naijr nuut he is courted by the big wigs, made much of by lords and ladies, and dines out so oftea that the wonder is he is not a confirmed dyspe**tie. He likes Amerioaoi very mtMA, has many warm friends among tbeat, and is well infonned about American literature.1* i-'

The Art Amateur for August fully justifies the right of this important publication to be regarded as the most practical art magazine in this or any other country. Not only are water color, oil and china painting, brass hammering wood carving, pen drawing for book and magazine illustrating, crayon and charcoal drawing, and.art needle-work taught in it in so clear a manner as to render the instructions of a teacher ai most snperflous, but the very latest and most anthentic information is given in its columns. To those familiar with the magazine it is needless to say that in its art criticism it stands unrivalled. Here the very highest standard is cultivated and maintained. When we add that two-color plates of exceptional ex excellence and equally suitable as studies for the amateur and as works of art for the adornment of the home, accompany each number, the rapidly increasing popularity of this magazine need not be wondered at. The color studies for this month are: a landscape, "The After Glow," by F. K. M. ftehn, and (Arum and Japan lollies," by Bertha Maguire. Price 35 cents ir. Montague Marks, Pub$L00 per year. lisher, 23 Union Square, New York.

BIG FOUR BOOTH.

Cheap Excursion to Niagara Falls and Lake Chautauqua. "v Only 95.50 Round Trip with $1 additional to Toronto.

On August 19th, the old reliable Big Four Route (C. C. C. & St. L. Ry.) will run one of their famous low-rate Niagara Falla, Lake Chautauqua, and Toronto excursions, which have done so much to make their route popular with our people for years past. No' other line in the country gives such oareful attention to excursion business or is as well equipped to satisfactorily conduct it as the Big Four Route, and the large numbers who always turn out and go with their excursions each succeeding year shows the popularity of the line over all other routes.

Their regular excursion agent will accompany the special excursion train through te the Falls, looking after every detail and making the most favorable arrangements for entertaining the party whilst there, presenting the different points of interest in the most attractive manner. -x

Niogara Falls is a natural attraction one never tires of seeing, and tjie opportunity of crossing Lake Ontario by steamer from Lewiston, visiting Toronto or making a trip down the St. Lawrence river, at the slight additional expense, should be improved.

Stop-over privileges will be allowed at Lake Chautauqua on all excursion tickets. ,/

We trust everybody who can possibly do so will make their arrangements to join the Big Four excursion August 10.

For full information in regard to tickets, sleeping-car accommodations, and all other matters of interest, call at city office, 710 Wabash ave., Terre Haute House, and at Sixth street depot.

E. E. SOOTH, Gen, Agt Hit

Here's Where Oil is Fifty feet full Standard Rubber hose, guaranteed for one season. Complete, ready*for use. Also the first-class reel.

Total outfit for 95.00, at A. G. Austin & Oo.'s.

Try Joe Miller, grocer at 515 Main street, for choice fruits. Prices and goods will suit you.

Writing paper and Envelopes are the cheapest at the Post Office News Stand. WILLIAMS' Confectionery and RestaU' rant, the most desirable in the city.

Ice Cream and Water Ices, any flavor, always on ihand the season through. Orders promptly filled. Telephone 96, No. 19 S. 6th. Next door to National House

W. W. Oliver has the freshest fruits and vegetables in the market.

School Teachers and others who are making only a moderate income, would do well to confer with Riddle, Hamilton & CO., No. 20 south 6th street. Both men and women can readily make $1,200 to $1,500 per annum.

*2.00 Round Trip to Indian Springs. Leaving Terre Haute via Evansville and Indianapolis R. R. each Saturday at 8:25 a. m. tickets goes returning the following rnonday. Spend Sunday at the great health resort. Sixty-day tickets $3.25 round trip.

tning.

R. A. CAMTBKI.k, Genl. Agt

Oliver will sell you more groceries for the money than anyone else. Full line

every-

Prof. Loisette's memory sy&tetn is creating greater interest than ever in ail parts of the country, and persons wishing to improve their ifietaory should send for als prospectus tree as adverin another colnmn.

Trianfifc of Mtaaea.

tore de-

Chemistry never achieved a more cided triumph than in the production of SOZGDONT, which is a botanical preparation oi wondrous efllisacy to preserving and beautifying the teeth, resetting them from decay, and rendering them as white aa alabaster. It to a toilet luxttrjF of which ail should avail thern-

The unpleasant odor commnnt

caied to the breath by catarrh, b«d teeth, ete^ is entirely obviated by the flagrant and salutary antiseptic of vrhleh one bottle lasts along time. Druggists and pefrumem aeil it. ^og.

Monev to Loan. Mest

ONEY TO LOAN In any amount at lowrates. Bargains In Real Estate la all parts of city. J. XX. Bigelow, Opera House.

Wanted.

Wsolicitors

ANTED—Ten first-class life insurance with whom liberal commission contracts will be made. To work in Vigo, Clay, Sullivan, Parke and Vermillion counties. Apply immediately In person or by letter to Kiddie, Hamilton «fe Co., District Agents Mutual Life Ins. Co. of New York. No. 20 south 6th street, Tei re Haute, Ind.

ON-RESIDENT NOTICE.

State of Indiana, Vigo County, Harrison Township. William S. Bea vs. Thomas H. Riddle, Suit in Attachment, before Alex. Thomas, J. P.

Be It remembered, that on the 21st day of June 1890, the said plaintiff filled an affidavit in due form showing that said defendent is a non-resident of the State of Indiana.

Said non-resident defendent is hereby notified of the said action against him and that •Trial the same will stand for before me on the 2nd day of September 1890, at 10 o'clock a. m. of said day

ALEXANDER THOMAS, Justice of the Peace.

OTICE TO NON-RESIDENT.

State of Indiana, county of Vigo, in the Superior court, of Vigo county, June term, No. 3194. Ellen Taylor vs. Joseph Taylor.

Be it known,, that on the 11 day of July, 1890. it was ordered by the court that the clerk notify by publication said Joseph Taylor as non-resident defendant of the pendency of this action against him.

Said defendant is therefore hereby notified of the pendency of said action against him, and that the same will stand for trial September 10, 1880, the same being September term of said court in the year 1890.

JOHN C. WARREN, Clerk.

Joe Miller's iat young poultry make- mighty good eating.

Oliver will: sell you more groceries for the money than anyone else. Full line of everything.

-o THE o-

CHOICEST GOODS

That the Market Affords Cau Be Found at

THEIR SPECIALTIES ARB New Pumpkins, New Jbi ma Beans,

Grapes, Bar tlett Pears, California Pesobds,

California Plump, Extra Celery.

THEY ALSO HAVE—FRUITS.' Blackberries, Lemon*," v'Apticote. VEGETABLES^Home Grown Squash,

Cucumbers, S

New Potatops, New Beets, New String Beans,

Tomatoes, Okrn.

POTLTRY.

Dreesed Spring Cbiokens and Fat HeiiB

"Hello, is That P. J. Kaufman's?"

'What Have You Got To-Day?'

"Everything in the Market."

HOME GROWN GRAPES!

Lima Beans, Watermelons,

California Peaches, Apricots, Plums,

Grapes, Pears.

Cantelopes, Tomatoes, Cucumbers,

Cabbage, Potatoes, Sugar Corn,

Squashes.

Huckleberries* Blackberries, .» :•u,' »**"•, .Bananas, *xr

Nice Dressed Spring Chickens.

CLOSING OUT

LATEST MPBOVED

Gasoline Stoves

Refrigerators

ifYftfy Low Prides'

Geo. S. Zimmerman's,

fUgg 648 Main Street

r- LOTS &

Now on the Market

High Ground, Beautiful Trees.

Washington Ave.

1 1U 2 15 3 14 4 18 6 12 6 11 7 10 8 9

CO CO 6*S O CO

First installment of Plush Cloaks for the coming season has arrived. Our fall importation^ of the celebrated "Trefouse" Suede Gloves in blacks, browns, tans, slates and bea-. ver colors have been received. Our fall importation of Saxony Yarns has also arrived and you can get now any shade you want. Besides these we received novelties in Buckles and Clasps, Buttons and other small wares.

HERZ' BAZAR,

Headquarters for Ladies' Notions and Furnishings,

512 ac 514 -WABASH'

ie iludd Fair

Shade

£3 & g?

Hnrrlson Ave.

Lots are staked off and each 40x 140 ft with a 20 ft alley in rear and 65 ft street in front. Street to be graded this season.

A few of these elegant lots will be sold at the very low price of IS350! but only to those who will build nice houses at once. We can arrange the terms all right, and turnisn the money with which to build. Come and see us. Be quick before the prices advance.

Riddle, Hamilton Co,

20 S. Sixth Street.

There are many white soaps, each represented to Jbe "just as good as the Ivory." They are not, but like all counterfeits, they lack the peculiar and remarkable qualities of the genuine. Ask for Ivory Soap and insist upon having it. -Tis sold everywhere*

HBPHBsgsSS^S i.WWtfi

tOtfc. WiawtieWl —air-

What! a Dollar for 25c.

Yes, and More, Too.

17 Races, 100 Racers. $4,500 for speed for which any raoe asaociation would charge 50c and dano better. 4,000 exhibitions of Stock, Machinery, Fine Art, eta, for which any fair charges 25o, and no better, 50c.

Our special "Great Western" Poultry Shows would charge 25c. Vigo Fair tickets, 25c for the whole concatenation and a whole lot of specialties yet to be announced.

Children under 15, Free on Tuesday. Children under 12, other dayt?, 15c.

Childrens' exhibits in their own class, free. This is our Quarter-Centennial« Fair. So muoh pains to make

POWDER

Absolutely Pure.

A cream of tartar baking powder. Highest of all in leavening strength.— V. S. Government Report, Aug. 17,188ft.

YQUWAHT ONE

great fair never expended before.

YI60 COUNTY FAIR.

or TIME

CELEBRATED JACKBO

OOB&ET WAlSTSf

XAMOHWBYTHK

Jackson Corset Co

JACKHOI*, MICH.

L4DIKS-\.T/%(nobStiff

and Bifid Corwto, are Invited to try them They are approved hy drcM maker*, and recommended by every lady that Hjm worn tliem. fEND rbn CIRCULAR.

Ask Your Dealer for Them.

HOT SALE

In Summer Good**

-AT-

HUNTER'S.

Largest and Beat Stock of Farniftbings in the City. Flannel Coats and Vest* aft Half Price.

JAS. HUNTER & CO.

raOPJNLYJ

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