South Bend News-Times, Volume 37, Number 354, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 19 December 1920 — Page 17

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NewsT

FEATURE, SOCIETY. WOMAN'S, THEATRICAL, AUTOMOBILE and EDITORIAL SECTION SECOND SECTION OUTH IMES VOL. XXXVII, NO. 354 SOUTH BEND, INDIANA, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1920. t v tilt i ( The Christmas Saving Fund Has Made It Possible For A Lai Number Of South Bend Citizens To Enjoy The Yuletide Season BY THOMAS F. HEALY

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There is a certain fri-nd of mine, v. ho is. through '.he advent r.f uncomfortlr.g In uni'tancc:--, about to -T' nd the Christmas stetson e.ut of employment. It is. a. Lard thought at any time to be out of work ar.d especially is it .-o at this moment, lie was a-ked If he . -ubi r.joy ChrKmaa without the wonted wad of curr rs:y on hand, and thereupon smilM and shook his. ...i.J. Ho i.-? to bo agreed with in this. The fact is that if ' U" to enjoy the Chri.-tmas season ho must bo at P-ast a trlfl more affluent than he i usually, ho must have tho wherewithal to spend and buy somewhat freely. Tho truth is tliat tho old fashioned Christmas in

THE BIRTH OF CHRIST And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the fild, keeping watch over their flock by night. And, lo, the angel of the Lord came upon them, and the glory or the Lord shone round them, and they were sore afraid. And the angel said unto them, Fear not, for, behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, which is Christ the Lord. And this shall be a sign unto you: Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger. And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying. Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good-will toward men. St. Luke 2:8-1 4. -,jnr if thero ever was such a thins. Anyway, it is In I'tiok.", a.nnaJs. old iin-ti'a memories and sundry other sources how Christmas came but onco a year and with equal Joy and blessing to everybody thero was no dearth of turkey, goose, etc., much cheer, wine, and -ong. and charity abundant. Ilo that as It nay; "them days is dead." to quote Hill the bootlegger, and Christmas comes or;e- a year. They speak of the spirit of the glad season and some vitionarles have fuiii; of it, but ho Indeed must be a

The Time Is Rapidly Approaching When One Of Oneself In Order That The New

A wee, Fma laddie ho Id, with dimpled knees and auburn hair that curls like a seraph's, this child who i symbolic of tho New Year, Such a striking resemblanoo docs ho bear to the little god of Love that he might bo called Cupid's twin brother, only the NewYear grows old and Cupid never does. When the time draws round for merchants to take their yearly Inventory of the goods stored on their shelves, it is also a most propitious time for each individual to take, stock of tiie thoughts, capabilities and aspirations stored away in his brain. With hat mur.itlcut feeling which the Christmas spirit instills still jingling through his head, he looks upon New Year's lay as a time for turning over a new l-af. and usually iloes it as nochalantly as though he were turning over a. leaf in his ledger, with little thought as t whether the column of good acts will offset the column f mean. Fordid things ho has dono throughout the ar. Charles Lamb had a very strong appreciation of the spirit of New Year's day, and remarks that no one of whatever rank can regard it with Indifference. "f all svunds of all bell," he says, "most solemn and touchirg is the reel which rings out the old year. I never hear It without a gathering up of my mind to a concentration of all the Images that have been diffused 'vr thu past 12 months, all I have done or suffered, performed or neglected, in that regretted time. I begin to know ita worth as when a person dies. It takes a p rsonal color; nor was it a poetical flight in a contemporary, when he exclaimed: " I s.iw the skirts of the departing .war." " IV'liof Still lTtist. Some of the superstitious beliefs attached to this day which were In vogue a century or two acn in foreign oun trios are Ft 111 the fashion. For instance, it is said that In Scotland those who desire to leant what fate or fortune the new year has in store for thorn may do so by consulting th? Bible on New Year's morning beforo

Admittance Of Austria To Membership In The League Of Nations Will Not Affect New International Principles Of The League

i:ih mirs NOTiTh following urticb dealing with tlie league of Nation is sent out by the league of Nation-. New Hurcnu. The action of th-; assembly by popular vote admitting Austria to the L agur of Nations without further delay brings to public- attention the question of protection for minoritlf as one of the more important within the scope of the L ague. Tne membership of Austria will in r.o way eifert these clauses in the pt ace treaty of St. Gern.ahi wher.-hy s.he has ace j ted the r.ew tternat! -nal prim ;cs that ai aci.J, religious nd '.lnguiti,- minorities should be regard id as th--words of the whole civilized world, and that: as such. thy should be under the fn-cial protection if the League cf Nations. In thi.- respect, however, the position cf Austria within the League will he no different from that of Pol md. Crecho-Sloak; . or Jugo-Slavia. all of which nates have had to sign supplementary treat if with the allied p-..wi r. containing similar minorities daurot. When the great war can. th re w .u hardly a state It existence th .t did not m Imb- e r.ients of pcpui.ti nn tlirferinc : r ia the d mtn t :.t majority in race. l ( rr-Tira tnia t.'.e p r:-.:n t : majority lAncu.ige or r ligb-::. and ll ir.g unwilling .ubmlsr;e cf the pl.o. tlie opponents if ul on to their er.i-r.-d r.a:!'r:a!i:;. Oble -r'ß repeated! V r rorlaim d bv Germany and h r allies was a rearrangement of Ilurep on lines insulin tiiu treated possible homo

fortunate individual who can live on tho spirit alone, and pnss a "a merry Christmas" without having the pleasant and divers- concessions and luxuries which the "inner man" eraveth. You cannot live on the spirit of Chiitlmas alone, big and splendid as it is, when you have no penerou breaking1 of bread to make with indigo frosting on it and a piece of mistletoe .sprouting from the top. when you are without many of the oth r good things of the season. Ilfann For Happiness. C'ciiiiri: l'.iok to our mutual friend, it may be said that it was not a new experience for him. A similar it wat his exactly one year before and he did not get in for much of the Yuletide . Joy and good cheer, lie had tile spirit oi Christmas, in fact suffered from an overflow of it. out the lack of certain pleasing concrete things whl"h make for the cheer" of the reason came hard upon him. And so he was terribly aware of the spirit of Christmas but it did him no good; lie heard the bells ring merrily but could not sing from an empty stomach, in accord with their pealing; ho could not join the crowd with dancing feet, he could rot laugh with their strong laughter; because he was ahme. That was Christmas 1919. Hut he, is happier this year even with the samo calamity upon his head. Moreover he intends to spend a very happy Christmas and enjoy it every bit. And it all happened in this wise. He is one of 7,500 South Html citizens, who between them have amassed a sum money equal in amount to $328,600. Quite a sum, when you consider where it all came from. Our friend became addicted to the thrift habit and so fell In line with his wise co-citizens. He frequented tho bank ;it regular intervals and deposited therein a little amount of his earnings. Tho piece of money lie put away for safe keeping seemed insignificant at the time, but now each simoleon or bit of shining silver means something, and when taken altogether is a nice littlo Idle of money. So Christmas, 1020, it is safe to presume, will bo happily spent by our friend. He may not have dreamed of this time when he voluntarily enrolled as a member of the Christmas Saving Fund army, but the season is his to enjoy because of that every act. I?ut as was said, he is only one of 7,500 in this citv that is Soutli Uend; and tills leads to certain curiosity and wonderment as to what each ono of the remaining 7,4?? aro going to do with his or her money. Vm."s of I tjiuI. Some will need it to tho :a. t cent to spend any kind of a happy Christmas; some will spend it on presents alone; some on friends; some for the sole purpose of

breakfast. The sacred book must bo laid upon a table, and those who wish to consult it must open it at random and place, a linger upon one or other of the chapters at which it is opened. This chapter is read, and is believed to describe in some way the happiness or misery during the ensuing year of the person making the trial. The merry-making of New Year's eve and New Year's day are of very ancient date In England. The head of the house assembled his family around a bowl of special ale, comically called "lamb's wool," from which he drank to their healths, then passed it to the rest that they might drink, too. The word that passed amongst them was the ancient Saxon phrase, "Wass hael." that is, "To your health." Hence this came to be recognized as the Wassail or Wassel Howl. The poorer class of people carried a bowl adorned with ribbons round the neighborhood, begging for something wherewith lo obtain the means of filling it. that they, too, might enjoy wassail as well as the rich. The wassail bowl w;ls supplanted in later years by a double-handled flagon full of sweetened and spiced wine, which was handed to the master of the house, or other person presiding, who drank to the general health, as announced by the toastmaster, then passed it to his neighbor on the left hand, who stood while drinking to his next neighbor, until ach hail quaffed the contents of the flagon. Such L- the will-known ceremony of the Loving Cup. An Old Custom. Until a very few yars ago in Scotland, the custom of the wassail bowl at the passing of the old year might be said to be still in comparative vigor. On the approach of 12 o'clock, a "hot pint" was prepared;, that, is. a kettle or flagon full of warm, spiced sweetened ale, with an infusion of spirits. When the clock had struck the knell of the departed year, each member of j the family drank of thL mixture a "Ctood health and a happy New Year and many of them"' to all the rest, with a general handshaking, and perhaps a dance geneity, and with thi- aim in vb-w a number of new statfs ware otablished by the peace conference, while in other cases districts of varying size, wire shifted from one htate to another. Wh ii everything f alible under the circumstances had been done along these lines, there remained nevertheless within the old as well as the newly created states numerous widely scattered groups of people, who. because of their lack of geopraphic concentration er the peculiar location of their territory, could not be set apart as a self-iroverning social group or Joined to the group where they naturally belonged. Take Poland, for instance, no matter what its final limits be, U is beaind to have within Its border? Lithuanians. Lett. White Russians, Ruthenians. Czechs. Germans and Jes. Resides the big Roman Catholic majority, there will be Protestants of many sects. Greek Orthodox Catholic, members of the unified Catholic hurch. professors of various Russian dissenting creeds. Jews, and so on. Resid? the official Polish, there will be half a doz n other languages and innumerable dialect.clamoring for separate xiste.nee. L air.g aside all the other problems raised by such a state of affairs, the question of public education I -come at once immeasurably complicated and made a source of inc ssart i i'ii flic. I- Toti-li Problem. e")ue t i the touehe.-t problems confronting tlie Paripe.ua- ii nferer.ee was to de vi so some form of protection guaranteeing to such minorities the right of speaking and teaching their cwr. language and of worshipping according t thilr own conviction without having their general rights as citizens correspondingly impaired.

purchasing some object they have had in mind for a long time; some few will buy a fantastic piece of goods or a masterpiece of oddity which they will regret soon after; some will buy an article or articles they do not need; pomo will give it all to the poor; and some will loe it in various ways that Is, get no perishable or imperishable commodity for their money; and somo will stick it onto the rest of their money and forget all about it; and some will put it in the bank again to start another Christmas savings fund. The category is larger than this in reality but the foregoing covers all the main uses the fund will be put to if we may call some of them uses. It is a known fact that the majority of persons in this Christmas fund army will regard this saving as something distinct from the : est of their money. It is a human trait that we regard a little achievement and its ultimate outcome In a. peculiar and distinctive light; "because it makes for a little pleasure and we look at it in its own pure entirety without mingling it with anything greater. So it is with the fund. It was something set apart and as such is it considered. It seems that this fund business has been Indulged in by all classes of people, more or less. The middle class of citizens come to the fore In the staunch and steady support of the Idea. Of course one could divide all the depositors into a number of branches: There are those who deposited because they wanted to do it and thereby f ul fill a worthy desire; those who just liked to do it for the lack of some other excitement; those who did it from a point of curiosity as to how it would work; those who did it because somebody else was doing the same thin; and those who did it just for the hell of it. liich limp Reward. However, even if the motives were different, each reaped the reward of his effort and endeavor. Miranda, the hard-working girl, has approached nearer her long cherished reality of a snappy fur coat with a marten or gray squirrel collar. Poor Miranda, She will spend all her savings on such a piece of drapery. She doesn't really need it for she has another good coat, but that must go into the discard, before tho new affair. Oh vanity! and you have your share of It, Miranda, and you have saved such a sum of money only to squander again. Thero is our own Leander who would rather swim another Hellespont under the Colfax av. bridge in midwinter rather than have Christmas come around. He lias saved hL money to get a present for his sweetheart. He can now dig into his pocket and purchase something good. Hut "good" is a bread term, meaning

BY LORETTO LORDEN. around the table, with tho addition of a bong to tho tune of "Hey Tuttie Taitie," a verse of which follows: "Well may we a be, 111 may we never see. Here's to the king And the gude companic!" The elders of the family would then most probably sally out, with the hot kettle, carrying also a competent provision of buns and short bread, or bread and cheese, with the design of visiting their neighbor, and interchanging with them the same cordial greeting?. If they met by the way another party similiarly bent, whom they knew, they would stop and give and take sips from their respective kettles. Reaching the friend's house, they would enter with vociferous pood wishes, and soon send the kettle circulating. If they were the firfst to enter the house since 12 o'clock, they were called the "first foot." and as such it was most important, fof luck to the family in the coming year, that they should make their entry, not empty handed, but with their hands full of cakes, bread and cheese, of which civility demanded that each individual in the house should partake. The streets were more thronged between 12 and 1 on this morning than they usually were at midnight, and much merriment prevailed. Any maid was compelled to submit to being kissed, even though with an escort, on New Year's eve, if out upon the street. Parties ami (lathering. There was in Scotland a first footing independent of the hot-pint. It was a time for some youthful friend of the family to Meal to the door. In the hope of meeting there the young maiden of his fancy, and obtaining the privilege of a kiss as her "first foot." Great was the disappointment on his part, and great joking among the family, if through accident or plan, tome halfwithered aunt or ancient grand-dame came to receive him instead of the. blooming Jenny. The city of Frankfort-on-the-Main salutes itself on the night of Dec. 31. There aro parties and gather With this purpose in view it was finally decided to establish once for all as a universal principle, that the just grievances of such a body of people is a concern of all the nations of the world, ami that in all such matters of redress or readjustment the nations should act through the League of Nations. This decision found its embodiment not only in the covenant of the League of Nations, but In every one of the treaties concluded between the allied powers one one side and, on tho other Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Turkey, Poland, Czeeho-Slovakia. Jugo-Slavia and Roumanla. All of these supplementary treaties, connecting with the central treaty of Versailles, contain a set of identically worded clauses by which the rights of racial, religious and linguistic minorities are minutely defined. Take the treaty with Austria for example. "Austria undertakes to assure full and complete protection of life and liberty to all inhabitants of Austria, without distinction of birth, nationality, language, race or religion," says one of its articles. "All Austrian nationals shall be equal before the law, and shall enjoy the same civil and political rights without distinction .h to race, language or religion." says another article, adding that. "No restriction shall be imposed on the free use of any Austrian national of any language in private Intercourse, in commerce, in religion, in the pr-s or in publications of any kind, or at public meetings." A third article declares that "Austria nationals shall have an equal right to etablih, manage and control at their own expense charitable, religious and social institutions, schools and other educational establishments, with the right to use their own language and to exercise their religion freely thertin." Uut tat

non-evil and not bad, and what shall it le? A box of candy or more or le?s degree of quality superb, a manicure set, an Ivory set. a piece of furniture, etc? It is a terrible ordeal and Leander daily prays to the Muse of Omnipotent Taste for inspiration and courage to do the right or die in the attempt. There is the mother who has used her fund with the choosing of an ideal present for tho man of the house and some for the members of the family. She has long thought upon it and with her gentle tact and culture and knowledge of the proprieties she bestows her sur'prise and stands tack and smiles at the manifestation of her recipients. Young Johnny Saves. There ia young Johnny who has saved in secret. Cod hies?, him, to give a present to his father or mother or both if his fund allows. A real happy Christmas time will be his to enjoy as he looks upon her serene face lighting up at the first view of his gift. Many a stick of candy has been ignored, many a sweetheart did h forego after a muster of tremendous will power. How often he forbade his wagging tongue and eager eyes beforo a glittering shop window because he had in hi heart a vision of a Christmas that was to come and a mother that would be pleased at his own gift. And so it is that we may say again, "God bless you Johnny, you're a brick." His sister has saved also and vies with him in secret till tho end. She, with that innate faculty that sisters possess, finds out that Johnny is saving and so herself enters into the com piracy in order that he may not bo alone at Christmis time in his gifts. And the recipient accepts them both with such grace and gladness that all rivalry is forgotten and Johnny and his sister think that together they have don something that is worthy and know even in their young hearts that they have done something noble and have helped to further happiness and joy. The Christmas Savings fund will buy many things. Anything from shoes to an automobile is made possible by a steady and conscientious saving throughout tho year. Any man can buy himself anything reasonable, and which he desires, but which he is unwilling to pay for out of his regular --alary. It is in the nature of things to regard the fund you have saved as something that you can spend on what you most wish for. And you spend it and it boots not how great the price is if it does not exceed your fund. The smoker can buy his plpo and particular Havanas, the poet can buy his editions de luxe, the poor man can buy the personal necessities dear to his heart, the boy can buy hi3 bicycle, tho book lover his sets of Conrad, Hardy

Takes An Inventory Year May Be Started Aright

ings of friends at every house, and stories, dancing, music and games, alternated with eating and drinking, form the evening's diversions. Suddenly, at the exact moment when from the great dome of the cathedral the tirst stroke of midnight sounds its warning, every house throw-a wide open its windows. Leaning from the casements, old and young alike, each with a glass in his hand, cries out to the astonished air the words of the toast, in ono massive tone, born of more than 100.000 voices. "Prosit Neujahr!" (Happy New Year!) This custom has been supplanted, on New Year's eve or St. Sylvester's night, in many German cities, by a curious bit of horse play. .Any man, usually a stanger or visitor from the provinces, who ventures forth in a high silk hat on this night will return to his rooms with only tho rim of it left, for on this night great crowds of hurley fellows assemble, and with cries of "Hut ab! Hut ab!" they pounce upon their helpless victim and destroy hs shiny "stovepipe. An appeal to the police gives him no gratification, for he will be told that he should not have worn a silk hat on the street on St. Sylvester's night. Dedicated Entire Month. The old Romans dedicated the whole month of January to the god Janus, who Ls represented with two faces, one looking forward, the other backward, to indicate that he stood tetween the old and the new year with a regard to both. Throughout January the Romans off ered sacrifices to Janus upon 12 altars and on the first day of that month they were careful to regulate their conduct that their every word and act should be a happy augury for all the ensuing days of th-? year. From old Dutch times to the middle of the 10th. century New Year's day in New York was devoted to the universal exchange if visits. Kvery door was thrown wide open. It was a breach of etiquette to omit any acquaintance in thci-e annual calls, when old friendships were renewed and family differences amicably settled. A hearty v.'elcome was extended even to most important and Interesting part of the section headed "Protection of Minorities" is it.- final article, which prescribes how the stipulations of the pre reeding articles are to bo enforced. It reads in full as follows: "Austria agrees that the stipulations in the foregoing articles of this section, so far a.s they affect persons belonging to racial, religious or linguistic minorities, constitute obligations of International concern and shall be placed under the guarantee of the League of Nations. They shall not be modified without the assent of a majority of lh council of th" League of Nations. Tho allied and associated powers represented on the council severally agree not to withhold their assent from any modification In these articles which is in due form assented to by a majority of the council of the League of Nations. Au-trli Make- Agreement. "Austria agrees that any member cf the council of the League of Nations shall have the right to bring to the attention of the council any infraction, or danger of infraction, of any of these, obligations, and that the council may thereupon take such action and give such direction as it may deem proper and effective la the circumstances. "Austria further agrees that any difference of opinion as to questions of law or fact arising out of these articles between the Austrian government and any one of the principal allied ar.d associated powers, or any o"ther power, a member of the council of the League of Nations, shall bo held to be a dispute cf an International character under article 14 of the covenant of the League cf Nations. Th Austrian govern

late-comer-to-work a South Bend watch, the prl with the? Mue rye and peroxide blond- hair, a necklace that sparkles liko clustering Koh-in-noors. and the slick, slim guy with the perfect Ic'-cream-parlor manner? and r.o brains ca:i buy woefully expensive spat.- and much j.vicr nr. 1 pomade. However, waiving all e's. aside ar.d considering th Christmas Savir.cs f ur.d for what it is really worth, nothing can be said (f it but that with praise and commendation. It te;cii;s th- l.sson of thrift, nothing i Inst and a whole h t is gamed. It is to be hoped that it will grow in scope an,i u.-tt mre and more people SILENT NIGHT Holy night! Silent Night! All is calm, all is bright. Round yon Virgin mother and child, Holy infant tender and mild. Rests in heav'nly peace. Rests in heav'nly peace. Holy night! silent night! Guiding Star, lend thy light! See the eastern wise men bring Gifts and homage to our King! Jesus Christ is here! Jesus Christ is here. Holy n'ght! silent night! Wond rous Star. lend thy light! With the angels let us sing Hallelujah to our King! Jesus Christ is here! Jesus Christ is here. will enter into it and make it a Veritable cemmunit) affair. Thus will the movement assume the properties of a civic undertaking and then it helps to mal;Christmas all the happit-r. It is adding to the Importance of the Christina season which comes but once a year and is tho greatest, even though the last part of the year. So more power to the Christmas Savings fund and may it prosper and may every citizen of South llcnj join the army of ravers next year. strangers of presentable appearance. This, r.o doubt, is the origin of the present day "open house," when friends receive and return calls on New Year's day. All day long Paris L noisy with crowds going to and fro. The fashionable parts of tho city are a forest or carriages and automobiles, standing at every door, and whirling hack and forth In feverish haste. The children, gayly decked out with ribbons and flowers, wander with their mothers or their nurses along th streets and gaze with exclamations of delight through the dazzling windows of the shop.-. Nothing can be more brilliant than the shop windows of Paris on thi day, especially those of th confectioners, the toy sellers and the jewelers. Dance ami sing. While all of these excitements are going on in onpart of Paris, over the river the students are having the jollies. of holidays. They are dancing and ringing in little halls arranged fr.r the purpose; they ar- partaking of sumptuous dinners and wines in the restaurants; they are promenading on the boulevard with their sweethearts; they are up in rooms in the top siorKu of the high, old-fashioned houses of the Iatin Quarter, playing on fiddles and telling stories, singing .songs and acting laughable farces. In Belgium, en St. Sylvester's d .y. r-r New Year' eve, the childnn strive to .--icure a "'iirar uncle" or "sugar aunt." as the relative who falls a victim to t!o ir wiles is technically termed. On thru day all the children of the household enter into a. solemn conspiracy for the mutual good at the expense of the unwary adult whom they may rntanc'.e m the mi sh. s of their Intrigues. They employ every artitlce to get one of the ob! r members of the household under lock ond key. I'.arly on that day the keys of all the doors in the- hou.-e have mysteriously disappeared. They have been serret'-d by the children, who retain them, ready for instant u whenever the occasion shall occur. A etrict watch 1 (CONTlNL'i:iJ UN PAGi; 12.) ment hereby consents that any su h di-pue shall, if the. other party thereto demands, be referred to thPermanent Court of Infmati nal JuFtlc-, Ti Tho liee;sio:i of the permanent court shall be final and rha.l hive the same force and effect as an award und': article 13 of the covenant." The task suggested by the I rovi.-dor.s quoted above ;i tremendous. It is certain to prove arduou.-i anl difficult. Hut it would be hard to irnairino c r.e mcro ::i keeping with the spirit of western civilization cr rr.orworthy of successful fulfillment. It must not Le assumed, however, that the mer signing cf the. treatb's by all the parties concerned has the power cf involving the L ague of Nation In any obligation. Th council cf th- Leaeue has laid down the rule once f e r all that "in all cases where the League, is asked to asume responsibility, the consent of the L ague is r.Ts.iry before u can be required to art." In other words, the League, which already repr scuts 42 nations, anl which may soon represent all the nations of the wcrld. does r.ot propose to accept a precedent by which all th-se nations, as guarantors of the covenant, may become involved i;i impossible er highly precarious duties foisted in them by a limited number cf powers. Th" policy of the League has betr., and will undoubtedly remain, to examine the conditio p. in each separat case, and to undertake the guarantees provided by each particular treaty only in so far as their xercise is found ic-sib.' S far 111 council ha formally accepted tho duti- s ass.t-ned to tho League by th treaties between Poland, llulgarla, C2ech'-Slo-akia and Jugo-Slavia on one side and the allied powers on the other.

and the rest of the great writers.