South Bend News-Times, Volume 37, Number 92, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 1 April 1920 — Page 11

u MemoriedsS oT Deraocp ö,cy ji i a r,i.

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pctuate tne War ideals They Serve the Living While Honoring the Dead -They "Pay" In Present Wealth of Community Life and Future Good Citizenship. Hj MARTHA CAM)Li:U QHK !en!!rrif nt of tho nation has fl definitely changed in regard to war mfmorials. i:nouc;h ornate y mac.oleuni.s rrudo conventional shaft. and ungainly machine-made etatues survive forn"r wars for all posterity to blush over. Never and more democratic ideas of commemoration have arisen. A new national slogan has been adopted v. hich is vital with meaning for the community intere.stcd in its memorial and almost very town and city from the Atlantic to th Pacific In thinking alons this lino "For the living To the dead." Already three hundred and twelve cities and towns have turned their nttentlon. toward definitely working out the problems of their "livlntr memorial" their community buildlncr. dedicated not only to those brave who j?av their lives In the causo of a reer world democracy, but also to those equally brave who fought and came marching home and to those who labored valiantly to "keep the home fires burning." More than any other war of history thl.s war was fought for the perpetuation of hlerh Ideals for lofty principled. Only once in a hundred life-times can such ideals such principles be expressed coherently in stone, or metal, or on canvas. Only a handful of prent masters In the whole history of civilization havo arisen capable of interpreting to posterity in sculpture, or In , palntlnir the spirit of such deeds a. this war has ?een. Community Ruilriing Popular Out of the fiery ordeal of the war. with our youns men doing service on .land and on sea. or in the air, and the rest of us dolnff service as best we could at homo, ministering to the need3 of strange, homesick boys in khaki and blue, and aiding local pa- - v.' - : c ''.'b'

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Not In Value, But the Supply Is Menaced Danger That the Mines of the Rand, Hitherto Producing TwoFifths of the World's Output May Have To Go Out of Business. 1JY KOUKKT THJIIi:.

piin gold oaf put of the world is 7 threatened with immediate and -v'r5 -ccrioi:q diminution. Authoritie fay that this means fm.mcial disaster on a great scale. For

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the real value behind every uoil.-ir of money. Owing to ir.crrasM cost of labor And supplier of all kinds, the mines of the Witwatersrand. in South Africa, which have been pr.-ducir- more tbnn two-fifths cf the total po'.d mined ln the world, are likely to be cbliscJ to phut down. The ores of the Hand are very lowgrade, yielding enly ab-n:i $1-4 worth of gold to tho ton It has been po5-i-.;b!e to work because of f the a prcrit only 4 4 1 d'.e unlimited quantity j available, and thanks to the wonderiJu) ui'i.v.ü.i.i; cyar.i.i8 process or extraction. Nov. however, expenses are overbalancing income. The gro'h of the world's gold output in the i.-t century, and par tlcularly within the !.l?t few years, has been nothing short of astonishing. Up to the time 0f the California dia -

covery. in 1 S 4 the total production of the yellow metal for all countries did not exceed $311.000.000 per annum. The normal annual output of the Unite! S-.x'cs alone is cov,- about JlOO.Ojn.COO. In 151 redd was discovered In Ans - Lralla. an i b.-fore long that island conf.nent w is i-ouring forth a river of tw. tl Scad cf it from tto

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4, ' H6ü if f I - t-. . . . x -. '.- w. V -41- -.- V - v.v v. triotlo societies with our heads and ! our hearts and our rockctbooks. the vision of such a friendly inviting community building was born. It was born In the hearts of the men and women whose sons and brothers, husbands and swt f t h arts were amonxT strangers. When tl o question arose as to whnt memorials should be erected, the answer rime spnn'i'.nco'i.-Iy from a'.l of thos and thv represent the poojdo of America, for few of us were left untouched. The buildir.tr must be beautiful architecturally to fulfill Its hish mission, but th-To is no town or rural community that cannot achieve lis

ideal. recause of those sons and j memorial building will al.-o i rov. debrothers, husbands and s wee thoarts j a more adcute social and rtcreawho will not come back. .t must have j tioml comn.uuity life according to the

a memorial hall, or a chapel, or some spepJal place within It especially set npart. bearincr the testimony of their sacrifice .vpiCe WUl Oe sr r aj,;irI ,or names and date-, and records of their achievements. Th're may also be provision ior tr.e names or a: men who went from the locality !ie JHl service, with battlel'ass. picture.-; and captured trophies. Special I'doms The "living memorial." to bo worthy of its namr. must also provde meetir.5 places, formal and Informal, for the men home from service in army ond navy. Here the fret social life of the camps and training sations ; ' 'V, - '' J' ''." ii- .s'i V, i .---"xpV ':;V,wV4 V South African mines began in 1SS6. and ten years Jater the world's total output was over $200,000.000 for a twelve month. In the meantime the invention of the cyanide process had made possible the development of the great low-grade ore deposits of the Ulack HilL. in South Dakota, and likewise of many such deposits elsewhere. High Jumps Of Gold Output In lbJ9. thanks mainly to the Rand, the world's total output px-sed the 53O0.000.0ÖO mark, and :n 1D04 it was over $100.000.000. Ily 1SH the latest year for which accurate figures (ow- ' lng to the war) are available it had j risen to J454.0v0.000: and of thi3 , amazing amount no less than $192.000. 000 was contributed by the mines of South Africa. A considerable fraction of the above-mentioned $192.000.000 came not from the Transvaal (where the mines cf the Witwatersrand are located), but from Rhodesia (to the north), in which province the rich ; deposits anciently worked by King

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i Solomon and the Queen of Sheba have j been reopened. Archaeologists have definitely established the fact that 1 this was the Ophir of the Rible the ! mines in ?o!oni?n's time (1000, IJ. C). . l-eing worked by enslaved natives. j and the gold carried by caravans across what is now I'ortuguee Fast ( Africa to the port of Sofala. whence ' it was shipped to Jerusalem by way

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fx. will in- i i-j . i;.atcd. and here American L.-'n'n and other war the i erans associations will be held. j ntH.tj. 0f the. I'omm unity en.-C.ing it. I'ur the smaller towns tlic C'on.muui'y with arr and mall j r0()nl HV,r:..ry ame rooms. yian.'. -.swim1 siuui and boxx linxr alley. ::i:n.xr pool, with usstmtdy roon. 10 1 o a 1 o v k a n i .a U o n.-. s'.e-h as the lied .,,. . . l.' - , V... t I III:.'.. tt lll.lt i a I. H'J-. .Jlllll Ui Service, bodies. and ail .such public-pirücd , It may al.-o have and V 1 i .

often have, according' to existinc ! .raaliiy tf artistic tab nt, of entertainneeds, a fair-size fl auditorium for for- ' m-.nt. of t-dr.cational attraction but mal and inforn.a.1 patherir.es, with a : a!.-o commercial exhibits and national stace for amateur play croups, nnrj ; confer, neos come to the town with

I with a level floor for dances or com-munity-sized banquets. Irr larger cities, a civic aud:c,rjl3n, ' v x; -is.xv&.. i.: - i .A .... .r ...

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1. : ÜV:: v 7 " -v.' i . of the Red Sea. Gold is a volcanic product. Mountains commonly owe their being to volcanic agency. When their rocks contain Kdd. it is because the yellow stuff was thrown up together wit.i other materials from the bowels cf the earth. It came up in hot solutions, and was deposited In cracks in the rocks, thus forming what are called "veins." King Solomon's gold was obtained from veins in quartz. Rut rocks are not imperishable. Kxposed to "weathering" and the action of streur-5, they disintegrate at

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more ti:t;r ' Vv cities have al ready .idco.uate provision for holiday cekbrations. pttriotic gatherings, for the ficvtlopment of a hi;;h order of i:iun:eipni music, or even fur indoor "ma.'-.s sin:;s." In Denver, in rfan l-'ranc:sc-. in Portland. Oregon, in St. Paul and in Portland, M.ine. everyvvb.eri. in iViot.. where there is an exist-ci-ic ; it vr ium a roarvelous new civic .spirit is apparent. I'ven the shrowd'v-t business men looking for a rood payinj investment in every civic , I i- .''.. i , i , I ... : . i r, 1 en - l..1,:..vi....i4i-i-i.'.i.rv.. ... vv.jfess that thtio building fulli'.l re-iiiirci.ien'.-j. -Not only the highest an adeoj'.-ite building. Under capable J management such buildings arc In- j variably self-sunporting in the large mm , . . v .... r . v'A O' V-v ' .x & . ' :. 1 . -; -v ' V'j xi the surface. In this way al! of our soils have been made: and the sands of all sea-bcachea are composed of particles of quartz originally derived frcra rocks and brought down to the ocean by river. Gold In Sards And Gravels Thiis it will be understood why all beach sands contain some gold, and why stream gravels in many regions repay the "panning" proce-s3. giving encouragement to the enterprising prospector. The gold is derived from rocks. If there be no gold In the hills of the watershed, there will be none

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fJ rT-- i tt-..Li-i iii ? "- X ' S ;t-'. '.- . ; : V r . HI as well as in smaller cities or towns. If community and civic buildings "pay" when erected under ordinary circumstances, when erected as memorials their returns should bo rich indeed. While justifying themselves financially, they should biing a wealth of Community spirit and c.vic co-operation which will be our greatest train from the war. (real National Memorial One of the largest project.? under way is for a great national memorial to be erected ;n Washing-ton. Congress has already set aside a building site, and President Wilson has heartily endorsed the idea of thLs building. In that city of boautiful architecture and impressive buildings, there does not now exist suitable quarters for largo national and internat onal conference??. inaugurals, holiday celebra in the stream gravels. The mountains of California contain much gold; hencu the richness alluvial "digging.-." of the old-time , Even at tho ; present time 40 per cent, or ine goiu output of California is obtained by m . m dredi-ts that handle stream gravels en. a huge ca.le. For the same reason, some beach sands are much richer in geld than others. They are exceptionally rich in some place alor.? the coast of Oregon, where dredges recently havo been put successfully to work, operat- ; ing as close as possible to low-water j mark, in order to handle the newest j ml! the hcavv narticles gold it contains have had a chance to sink and lose themselves far down in the beach. auu - - m - Tho ffoIJ of the Rand In obtalnca from an ancient sea-beach, upon which the waves of a vanished sea broke perhaps 40.000,000 years ago. Dy geologic causes the beach has been tilted up almost vertically, and j its sands have been transformed into j quartzite rock. Originally very rich i in go.d. they still hold their store of j the precious metal; and what has j Just been said will explain why the i ore is so uniformly productive of j about $14 to the ton.

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tions and those brilliant and sign : fi - J Han Of Small Town cant gatherings which are of the very j uut the little, towni. Their plnr.s essence of our national life. But these j are perhaps more interesting. There needs as well a.-i Ikoc of smaller j GoiJ.-b.jro. N. C. which Is to have groups, thoie for social facilities on a j;l bcnutiful Community House erected large scale, will bo met in this eleven ty ne people of Wayne coun'y. and million dollar memorial building. j providing for the social and recrcaIn New York City, the very heart ; tional needs of the surrounding- cunof a fc-rcai Victory Hail, wiii be erected ; try as well as the town. There is I'c to occupy the entire space of I'crsh- j Mulnc.s county. Iowa, where the pe0.ng .Square, and to cost seven million j pIe navc tvn their present respcnsldodarr. Cardinal Mercicr spoke touch- j bilSty ln tho Iar ar.j h;ive ?et out to ingly of the vat signUicance of auch . oct a -j0j)vo comaiuaity bulldlns a building and it.s htne-.ss to its me-'.. . monai purpose, during his recent vis- Th:s l'ui"lln "ve as a memorial it to New York. Seattle's plans if j to tho"se uho WCRt 10 war fro carr.cd to completion, will include the ent5ro county. It will contain a larre erection of the largt.-t enclosed audi- i -sij: war museum, also, and mom.' torium in the world. I'lans for this for war organization meetings. Club impressive structure have been drawn. ! rooms for returned service men will It is to be the most prominent feature j he :n ßlways. The large auditorium of a great -Victory So.uare." or civic j wit" a siting capacity of 3. SCO, and center. with beautifully laid out -mal'er rooms will be available for grounds, and with otlur civic, mu- conventions, dramatic performances, nicipai and art buildimrs to be added j farm, commercial, and art exhibits, at a later date. San Francisco's plans ! Every day new memorial building for a beautiful c.vic building which projects ate reported, hvory day new will complete the civic c.r.tcr laid out ! names are ad je l to the other lists of when the Exposition Auditorium was more than seven hundred cemmuniereeted. I'lans have been drawn fcr j tics who are considering the adoption the propose d mmorid building in ; of the building idea. The question of Boston. A drive is being conducted i memorial buildings i-j before the in Spokane to raise a million dolbir. whole country, but what sort of buildfor her memorial building. Grand in? your community shall erect Is a Iiapids, Chicago. Ilirmingham a!- ' problem w hich your community Itself most every large city has turned its i must decide after making a careful attention to this matter. s'vdv of local conditions ar1 needs.

Where it happens' that pold has j been deposited from solutions in a cavity in rocks, a "nugget" may be , orineM a iumn of more cr less pure i I uff hidden perhaps forever. But a t wearing away the rock, may carry off the nugget and drop it some- i where. There is something quite ex- j eitinr about nuirets. representing as ay ern California. De-scit Sands Rich In field A desert might seem an odd place j ln nuggets, but why no.. i..e i ' Mohave is a waste of sand, the utter j i dtrivrd originally from rocks. Those . . . , i -yii'ttu 1 ,1U11 .-a. ...

they do so much concentrated va -lu-. ia sea-water, and about One weigning 10 pounds and y or h $3.000 w-as picko l up on.y he o h.r ! ,q day In the Mohave Desert. :n South-

qutte rich ln the yei.ow rr.ftai; f workings all over the u-orl!. mcludmuch so. Indeed, that of late they j jng. :he TJnited F'ate?. Is ImporUn'ly have been worked on a considerable ; affecte3 by the increased cost of Uber scale with machines called "dry wash- ; an,-j materials. Gold-production Is Sn

ers." which are operated where water is too precious to be used for any purpose other than drinking. All of the really huge nuggets of gold have been found In Australia. and have been remarkable not only for their size, but alo for their purity.

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v .4 r I" 111 -1 " t'. v,1 v t 3 " ..It . t '. .1 I V i i xX.-'-':VXV,.;X!.-'V',.'....;t Thus tho famous 'Welcome." d'ig up at ll.ikery Ili'.l. liallarut. in Iii. wfigiied 2.133 troy ounces an-i v.-a YS jkt cnt. pure value was $4i ,00. fcen t to I-n t ni. ii as r.ned into i sovereigns. An; thcr. the "Kuin Tow." va four.'l in 18 71 :g.:; by a Chinaman. of fQU.tl f. . a ene.at the I'.eriin di I It weiched 71a ouncw. and waa w ortii j $i4.c:'h i sill er And Gold In The .va The oceans get their vi.lt from the rocks of the land; likewise the metals the ton. If only a mcir-i could be deisfd whereby it would be practicable economically to separate gold from seaWater. an inexhaustible supply of the nc.a would be rendered available, Unfortunately. It is not alor.e the mines or lun'i irai are i:ireai-e-ea. l.ie cprauon c: orner go. x effect a manufacturing Industry, ar.d. when costa rise above a certain point, it ceases to bs profitable and must ba abandoned. Gold is the only thing that ha rot gone up In price since the great war be an.

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