South Bend News-Times, Volume 36, Number 168, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 17 June 1919 — Page 2

n i:siw i.h:.vinc;, .jim; x. i-i. THE SOUTH BEND NEWS-TIMES

Summary of Answer to Enemy Has Few Slight Changes From Original

:nu-t ! accrp?ol or

rATUS. Jnr.A IT. Th-- fir.U reply "f h ilji'-J .tri'I .i.--ori.itr'i powf-rs to the ondiior.s f j f.ic Liirul! th" r;rm'tn-! at Yrsjl!- M.iy 7. fhortly aftorwai !. The principles rI the original conditions hap 1 r-t n vienrously uph J'i, fis e?illivhir!..- n of jnsho. but certain mo-liri. .-itirn.s in d'tail an-! rr.any r.xpi-i:..itin-i of th- ff t -jf rxcution sr rr.'l . Th-- rop!y is in to parti i L''nrtr;il r . rrinir !ffr and 'ri itim 1 is sion of th l-. r i -co'int-r prop-mN. Th -hm,--' In"l uc! : A pl-Njr )t. for upp'-r Si'.'-sU. with truar.ir.tos tf .. 1 fieri th.it territory. Frcr.TiT rrctificitioni in Wr.-t I'ruhM.i . O'vjji-v.-o'i of th thiri :on" :n th" S'.hli-swis' p c ,l.irit AIIw .rm wrr;M T-mjfr.irv inf r H(- of the fr-rm;m armv from 1 r o , f n . to unioo infii. rvcl.irat ion of tho intention to submit within n month of tnr- .t li?-t of thor n'-M i ,,f jf,Pitjon of the laws nnd customs of wr)r. flr to mnprnti- v.-ith ;t fjfrrmn commission on r-p;i i .it ions tnl to lt'riv RUSRfsMnns for disrh irpintj th obligations. Vrt.iin cl!;uU-1 m r i fictions in the fin.'infp. f"T,n'-mir an.l ports ,inl watrrwfiys f!;i ::-.. jM. Tn'Iinsr al-olirion of th" piopo.' l Kir f.-inni comniis.sion. Av?urarr of m,mli,rs!iip in th L'icu1 of Nations in Tho p;irly future if Germ my fulfills hr obligations Th covfrlnc lftrr is from m. nmnr?;u. prsi-If-nt of th' f.acf conference to Count von I'.rook.lorffJiantzau, prrsilmt of th Ccrmm delegation In this kttr M. -jTKnrui f.iys: 'rh allied and assoriifd powers have Ktven th most earnt ronMeration to the observation of th" German delegates on fh draft treaty of pear. The reply protests Mtr.-iinst the pace on th trrotjnd thit in conflicts with the terms upon which th" armisticp of Nov. 11. I r 1 K . was sl?nd and that it is a pe ico of io!-n co, "nd not a pic of justir.. 1 ail to Iiilr?"tjitid. "The protest of th (Icrmin dlpatcs fhons that they fiii to in.lerM.ind the position in which ("Wmany t;inds toiiy. They m to think that Germany h.in only to "make sacrifices in order to attain peace as if this were hut the end of some mere ftrugJe for territory and power. The allied and associated powers therefore feel jt necessary to begin their reply by a. clear statement of the Judgment of the world, whi-h has rn-en forped by practically the whole of civilued mankind. "In the view of the allied and associated powers, the war which hecan on Aus:. 1, 191. was the frre.-tt-st crime against humanity and freedorn of the people that any nation calling itself civilized has ever conscioutdy committed. For many years the rulers of Germany, true to the Prussian tradition, strove for a position of dominance in Kurope. They were not satisfied with that growing prosperity and in fine nee to which Germany was entitle,!, and which all other nations were willing to accord her; they required that they should he aide to dictate and tyrannize over a subservient Kurope. as they dictated an.l tyrannized over a subservient Germany. I 'mm! .MI Moatw. "In order to attain their ends they ii-ed every channel through which to educate their nun subjects in the doctrine that mUht was n;ht in international a if airs. They never ceased to expand Germar, armaments by land and sra and to rropasnto th falsehood that it u..s necessary- becaus- Germany's neighbors wer jealous of her prosperity and success. ".-"he sou-ht to sow hostility ana su.-ricion. instead of friendship, between nations. The Germans developed a system of tsjtmn.r and intrigue throu-rh wlü h they were enabled to stir up intt rnatioii il rebellion ar.d even to make secret offensive pre; cratior, within the territory of their n Uh:or. n heiiV'y thi y miht. uhen the moment cumc. strike ther.i down with rtater certainty and ease. They 'Kec: i: irope in a fVrment ty thr t of ioIenee and when they found th it their neighbors were re.ohed to r .-ist their arrogant i'l. thty determine, to assert their predominance in Europe bv force. "A soon r.5 their prep nations Mere complete, tiny encouraged a subservient all to '.e( ar. war on Serbia on 5 hours' r.otr e. a war in-Vvlvin-r th- control of the Balkans, w hich they knw c ub! no: be localized, and which was bourd to unchain a k neral war. "In order t mke .bvhl sir: they ref's"d er- attempt at conciliation und i o'if. renre until ,? was too ate and the worl 1 ar a mitable. for v. he. h they ha.! pp-t -ted and for which, älone amon the r.ationv they v ere ari'-.iuate'.y equipped and prepared t'tto t'l'lldtK t tf iir. TJertuan " possibility. hr'. - ever, is not confined to haii):, rlatmci a;,. starttd t!w war. She is no less responsible for the y.i-.a-'e and inhuman manr.e-r in winch it "was condib. . !. Th'c h Germany a as h rself !h- CMranty of P.elKi'Jin, G'tnury io',at.d the rul . after .i .oler.n promise to respect the r.uti ahr v of ihi.- unoffending p","Not er.ntent with this thy deliherate! earned out a cn s of y romi.-cuous shootmb ar.'l burr.ir.s 'Ith the r-ole id-.ect of t-Tnivm,' tile Inhabitant- int.. s-iwr.i-sinn ' the ry frirhtfulness of tl.elr action. They were the tirM -.. potsonou.as. rnt'A ithstandir : the aip.illir suffrmc jt en!.!b'i Tb.ev ;..-.;aii the lomb!:v-' an-i ! r. d'st i'-.ce shading of towns for r.o military object, but bcU 1 for the pun o.-e f,f rtJuv.-

in' the morale ,f their opponents) by rtril.in' at th.eir uorn'-n and chil-i drm. J Tiiey ronimnf'd the submarine! e.-iiupaiu with its piratical chal- j lene to internation ii law and its! 1 st rue tion or grat nunirrs of in- j iic.c. r.t pa.1-senders and sailors in

ndi-orean, far from succor, at the :n rey of the winds and the waxes and the yet more ruthless submarine crev.- They lro'.e thotis.-j.nds of a omen and 'hildren with brutal .-a a-.-iy in slavery in foreign lands; they allowed barbarities to be pracie. rj .-"linst their pri.-rners of war

ft OH) which the ;t0t Utl IVill.ed peope would have roile(. Illaroe G( rnians or All. ' The eor ,du t of Germany i.-; al- ; most unexampled in human history. ! The terrible r .-ponsibility which Ii s ; at h r doors can be seen by the fact that rot 1 -s than seven million; (b afl I i v t uried in Kurope. while more than :) million others carry, upon them th- evidence of wounds and suffrin3. because Germany s-iw ' fit to gratify her lust for tyranny by i .-ort to war. "The allied a'id aseociited powers believe that they will be fa-Jt t' t?ios who have u'in th ir ail to : save the- freedom of the world if: they consent to treat war on any ' o'h'T liasis thin as a crime a.srainsl htim anity ami riuht. "This attitude the allied and .-.sociat'd powers as m..de pei-i fectly clear to Germany during the. war by their principal statesmen." It was defined by 1're.s't Wilson in bis spe ch of April 101 v. and expli' itly and ea t ge rieal ly accepted . by the Gernnn people as a principle ( overin the p aee Let every-! thin that we say. my tellovv coun-trm-n. evervthint- that we hence--forth plan anci accomplish, ring true ' to this respemse, till the miJeMy and; mi'ht of thos" who fbait and mis-, pri.e what wt honor and hold dear. 'P'imany has once more said that! f(-rce. and force alone, shall decide! whether justice and peace shall rei-in in the affairs of men. whether, right, as America conceives it. or dominion, as she conceives, it, shall ', determine the destinies ef mankind.) Th' re is, therefore, but om response-; possible from us: force, foice to' the uvniost, force without stint or j limit, the lihteous and triumphant force w hich shall mke the law- of j tl.e world and cast every selfish ' dominion down in the dust.' " j (Quotes Allied Leaders. I M. c'lemence.iu in the letter also j quotes from speeches delivrel by j l't emier Lloyd-l'eoi e. of Great Britain; himself as premier of Iianee. and 'remiu" f)rlando. of Italy, in which it was specifically! declared that when victory w.s won. J

compromise as to peace terms was impossible and just punishment should be meted out. and continue; "Justice, therefore, is the only

possible bads for settp ment of thoj accounts of this terrible war. Jus-j tice is w hat the German delegation ' asks for and says that Germany has' been promised. Put it must be Jus-j tice for all. There must be jus-' tice lor the dead and wounded, and j lor tlm.v who have beer. nade or-I

pi.ans and bereaved that Europe miuht be free from I russian despotism. There must be justice for the peoples who now stapger under war debts, which exceed HO billion that liberty mUht be saved. There

must be justice for those millions j i t-wwit -nme5 anrf land. -.hit iltlil 1

property, Germany savagery has spoilated and destroyed.

Insist nn 1 1 ia rat Ion. "That is why the ailid and asso-, ciatd powers have insisted .is a cardinal feature of the treaty that Ger-: many must undertake to make rep-! a ration to the very uttermost of herj powa r. for reparation for wrongs inflicted is the essence of justice." I That is whv they insist that those j individuals who tre most clearly j responsible for Germ.in aggression; ami for those acts of barbarism and I inhumanity which have disgraced; the German conduct of the war must' be handed o er to justice, which hasj not been meieil out to them at home.; "Thnt, too. is the reason why Germany must submit for a few years to

certain special disabilities and arrangements. Germany has ruined

the industries, the mines and the. machinery of neighborin? countries.' not during battle, but with the de-1 liberated and calculated purpose of. enabling her own Industries to seize) their markets before their industries j ould recover from the devastation! thus wantonly inMictecl upon them. I "Germany haa despoiled her; neighbors of everything she could J make use of or carry away. Ger-! many has destroyed the shipping of, all nations on the. high seas, where; there was no chance of rescue for: their pasveners and crews. ' Koütution Is .TustifUtl. ! "It is only Justice that restitution should be made and that these.' wronced peoples should be safeguarded for a time from the compe-' iltion of a nation whose industries, were intact and hive even been fort'.rled with machiner stolen from occupied territories. If these things .,re hardships for Germany, they are hardships which Germany has, I r('i!it upon herself. Somebody must sulfir for the consequences of the war. Is it to be Germany or the p.cple she has wronged? ; "Not to do justice to all concerned would only leave the world open to fresh calamities If the German peo-; pie themselves, or any other nation.' are, to be deterred from following the' footsteps of Prussia; if mankind is to be lifted out cf the belief that' war for seirih ends is legitimate to( any state; if the old era Is to be left; behind, and nations as well ns indi-i vidu.ils are to be brought beneath I

the reign of law; even if there Is to earlv re. one illation and appeasement it will be because those responsible

for concluding the r.tr have had the!

cour.:-:e to see that justice is not det'erted for the sake of .1 convenient p ;i-e. WVIoomo Chance in Grmany. "It is said that tho German revo

lution ought to make a difference and that the German people are not responsible for the policy of the rulers whom they have thrown from power. The allied and associated powers recognize and welcome the change, it represents a great hope for peace and a new' European order i nthe guture. 'Cut It cannot affect the settlement of the war Itself. The German revolution was stayed until the German armies had been defeated in the held, and all hope of profiting by a war of conquest had vanished. Throughout the war. as hefore th- war. the German people and their representatives supported the war; voted the credits, subscribed to the war loans, obeyed every order, however savage, of their government They shared the responsibility of the policy of the government, for at any moment, had they willed it, they ould have reversed It. Had that policy succeeded, they would have acclaimed it with the same enthusiasm with whieh they welcomed the outbreak of the war. They cannot now pretend, having changed their rulers after the war was lost, that it is justice that they should escape the consequence of tlrdr deeds. Is IVacv of .lust lev "The allied and associate powers therefore believe that the peace they have proposed is fundamentally a peace of Justice. They are no less certain that it is peace of right on the terms agreed. There can be no doubt as to the intentions of the allied an! associated powers to base the settlement of Europe on the principle of freeing oppressed peoples .".nd re-drawing national boundaries as far as possible, in accordance with the will of the peoples concerned, while giving to each the facilities to live an Independent national and economic life. "These intentions were made clear not only in Pres't Wilson's address to congress on Jan. S, 1918. but in 'the principles of settlment enunciated in his subsequent addresses,' which was the agree terms of peace. A memorandum on this point is attached to this letter: "Accordingly, the allied and associated powers have provided for the reconstitutlon of Poland as an independent state, with 'free and secure access to the sea.' All 'territories inhabited by induitably Polish populations.' have been accorded to Poland. All territories inhabited by German majorities, save for a few isolated towns and for colonies established on land recently forcibly expropriated and situated in the midst of indubitably Polish territory, have been left to Germany. Wherever the will of the people is in doubt a plebiscite has been provided for. Dan.ig lYtv City. 'Danzig has been constituted as a free city so that the inhabitants will be autonomous, and do not come under Polish rule or form any part of the Polish state. Poland has been given certain economic rights !n Danzig and the city has been severed from Germany, because in no other way was it possible to provide for that 'free an el secure access to the sea.' which Germany has promised to cencede. (SECTION MISSING. Clause VI of the treaty says the allied and associated powers have given careful consideration to the request of the German delegation that Germany be admitted to the Eeague of Nations as one of the conditions of peace, but that the allies are unable to accede to this request. It adds that the German revolution was postponed to the last moment of the war and that there is no guarantee that it represents a permanent change and that it is impossible in the present temper of its feeling "to expect the free nations of the world to sit down immediately in equal association with those by whom they hive been so grievously wronged." It is added that the, allied and associated powers believe, if the German people prove that they intend to fulfill the conditions of the peace, and that they have abandoned forever those aggressive and estranging policies which caused the war 'and have now become a people with whom it is possible to live in neighborly good fellowship, the memories of these past years will speedily fade, und it will be possible at an early date to complete the league of Nations by the admission of Germany thereto." Defend Illockmlc. Clause VII refers to the denunciation by Germany of the blockade of the allies. It declares that the blockade always has been legnl and recognized method of war. It adds that if the allies imposed a blockade of exception il sev erity on Germany it was "because of the criminal character of war initiated by Germany and of the barbarous methods adopted b ythem nil prosecuting it." Clause VIII says: "In conclusion in the allied and associated powers must make it clear that this letter and the memorandum attached thereto constitute their last word. They have examined the German observations and counter xoposals with earnest attention and care. They have, in consequence made important modifications in the draft treaty. But in its principles, they stand by it "They believe that it in not only a Just settlement of the great war, but that it prov ides the basis upon which th people of Europe can live together in friendship and equality." Irov1de IVaorful Adjustment. The clause adds that the treaty creates the machinery for the peaceful adjustment of all international problems by discussion and consent and represents a sincere and deliberate attempt to "setablish that reign of law, based upon the consent of the governed and sustained by organised opinion of mankind." which was the agreed basis of the peace. It is added that the treaty in its

the political which would peoples and of a lasting

present form

rejected. i "The allied and associated pow- j ers." it continues, "therefore reqt;iri' a declaration from the German del- , egation within live days that they; are prepared to sign the traty as; now amended. If they declare within the period that they are prepared ! to sign the tre.itw. as it stands, ar- i rangements will be made for the im-' mediate signature of peace at Ver- ! sailles. In default of such a decla- t ration this communication consti-; lutes fhe modification, provided for' in articel 11 of the convention of the! lth of February. 1?19. prolonging! the armistice signed on the 11 of No-! vember( 191S, and again prolonged'

by the agreement of the l'lth of De. cember, 191 S, and the l;th of January. 1 y 1 ?. and the s.aid armitice will then terminate and th" allied and associated powers will take such steps as they thine needful to for' e. their terms. follows Original Scheme. The detailed reply follows exactly the scheme of the original conditions of peace which was in turn followed by the Germans in their counterproposal.;;. It says that it cannot bo disputed that the allied statesmen have never expressed a desire for any other peace that one which would undo the wrongs of 1914. vindicate iustice and international

right, and reconstruct foundations of Europe give liberty to all its therefore the piospect

peace. The German claim of a contradiction between the terms of the treaty and Pres't Wilson's piomise of Justice to the German people is met by a quotation demand "the destruction of every arbitrary power everywhere that can separately, secretly, and of its single choice disturb the peace of the world." Saj I 'of sei oil Eaiwis. If similarly, it says, the Germans claim contradiction in U-rritotial claims, it must be borne in mind that t Iiis is not the result of any purpose to act unjustly tow aril Germany, but rather of the fact that an appreciable amount of German territory consisted of distiicts unjustly appropriated by her in the past. . The economic objections are answered by the statement that Germany's economic condition is intact and in no wise crippled by a devastation like that brought upon the allied people. The German contention that peoples have been bartered about if declared to be similarly confounded, as evvry territorial ettlemcnt ha-s been reached after most careful and labored consideration of racial, religious and linguistic factors -.nd the leitmac: hopes of peoples Ion).' under alien rule. Germany's complaint that she has not been invited to join the League of Nations, it says, cannot find justification in any of Pres't Wilsons declarations, tor he carefully laid down that sich admission was possible onh after Germany had proved her cha.a ter. Will Admit Germany. With regard to the Le ague of Nations, it is stated that tne allied and associated powers have never had t'ne intention of definitely excluding Germany or apy other power fronmembership and that every country whose government has proved hs stability and its desire to observe international obligations will be supported in its demands for admission It adds that in Germany's case th; events of the past five years prove the need of a definite test. the length of which will depend em th" acts of the German c;ove i n meat especially toward ihe treat. The inclusion in the covenant of the German proposals regarding economic questions is considered unnecessaryThe allied and associated powers will guarantee protection, under the league, of German minorities in ceded territories and intend to open negotiations immediately for a general reduction of armaments, as provided in the covenant, in the expectation that Germany carries out her engagements in this regard. Take I'p I'airopean Clau. Part three of the detailed reply deals with European political clauses. It says the territories of Eupen and Malmedy have continued in close relation with Belgium, denite a century of Prussia nization,

and that the reunion of those territories with Ibdguim mt-ris Justihed. The Germ-in claim for a neutralized Moresnet is wholly justified. The communal woods in Prussian Morenet are awarded to Ilelgium in partial compensation for the detraction of Eelirian forests. With le-gard to Schlesswig the reply s ivs the plebiscite in northern Schleswig prosimed by Germany but never granted is now assured on the request of Denmark and tho people concerned. The territory as far as the Eider and the ischlc'r is to be evacuated by the Germans and administered on the spot and at the end of 15 vears will he free to chcjosc its own sovereignty.

Issue $400,000 in. Bonds To Improve State Fa ir Ground

INDIANAPOLIS. Ind.. June 17. Paying a premium ol on- and one -;u irter p ret nt. William . Co.npton .v.- Co., of St. Louis has purchased i4')0,'M'H five pei cent, livej(ar lends, i.-sued by the stats 1 oard of agriculture. The monev "ill be .ied in retiitng Si::0,0t) indebtedness on the stale fair grounds and the remainder in construction of a manufacturers' building, -i new women's art building and in improving tbe drainage sv stem at the tair grounds. The legislature at U last session authorized issuance of : o00,ofc worth of bonds at-jinst the fair gaounds and it is expected the bo.-ird vvill li-su? $10,00o worth of bonds next ve ; r to provide money for adding other improvements.

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