South Bend News-Times, Volume 36, Number 38, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 7 February 1919 — Page 3

THE SOUTH BEND NEWSTIMES

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Wilson's Fourteen Points Win Out Despite Hypocrisies and

Jealousies of Politicians

Self-Determination Rule Overcomes Tangles Resulting From England's Double-Crossing Diplomacy.

Charles

BY FIIANK H. SIMONDS. News-Times nntl Associated NewsCorreal oiulcnt, PARIS. Feb. 5. (Ry cable to NewYork.) There are In Paris at the present time two sets of Influences working. Loth of which are In a sense essential parts of peace conference, and either of which seen outside Its proper perspective might give a totally inaccurate Idea of the actual conditions. These two forces are idealism, which Is slowly but surely modifying the ambitious appetite and demands of the various nations and which Is contributing to the creation of a real league of nations, which in my Judgment will have permanent value for world peace and world understanding: and in the second place, old-fashioned diplomacy with its old objectives, its ancient, time honored methods, seeking to do In Paris in 191 what it did in Berlin and Vienna !p the last century. In the present article I am going to try to give an example of the operation of this old-fashioned method, because I think it is valuable for the American people to understand this phase, as it is, and exactly as it is: neither exaggerating nor minimizing its effect. And I am going to try then to Indicate pome of the effects, of this sort of thing. n:.ci: axi i:nglaxd in si:ckijt tiu:atii:s. For a period of time stretching back to the crusades France has exercised a certain half real, half shadowy protectorate over the Christians of the near east, and particularly those of Syria. This has had its practical value, but hand in hand with this In the last century and In the present there has grown up a measure of economic development in Syria for example the French railroads and harbor works at Reyrout. In clear fashion Syria has been marked as a future field for French occupation territorially and otherwise when Turkey should dissolve. In 1916 England and France signed a treaty, secret then but known generally now, which in substance recognized that France should have in Syria for the future precisely the status which England was shaping for herself in Mesopotamia. The language was perhaps veiled hut the purpose of the document was unmistakable. i : c ; ii xi i r h l i cit o ssi:s niKxrii AS TO SYPJA. Somewhat later the Pritish entered into a second treaty with the sheriff of Mecca, now known as King of the Hedjaz, by which Great Pritain recognized the sovereignty .of the King of the Hedjaz, over the Arabian East, including Syria, already promised to France. On evidence of this agreement the King of the Hedjaz joined the allies and contributed material, if not decisive aid in Allenby's great campaign of last year. In this situation the Pritish position became difficult. The French demanded that the agreement of 191 become effective. The King of the Hedjaz with equal emphasis called attention to the Pritish commitment to him, and sent his son. Prince Feissel to Paris, accompanied by a very interesting young British officer. Colonel Lawrence, in some respects one of most attractive figures in Paris today, to plead the caiup of the Arabs. Meantime England and France in November of last year uttered a joint agreement, pledging themselves not to annex territory in the near east; but this meant much or nothing as one chose to take the French or the Pritish view. What is of importance is the fact that Pritish policy has decided to support this Arab commitment and has pitched

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Itself formally on that part of Mr. Wilson's fourteen Points which demands self-determination for Email races an peoples. S I ILF-1 I IT 1 11 131 1 NATION IS INDICTED INTO JIKSS. Now the fact of the ease seems to be that, left to themselves the majority of the Syrian people would not choose a French protectorate. They would seek some form of independence guaranteed by one or more protecting nations. Therefore it will be seen that the present British policy, which would exclude Frame from Syria, falls in with Pres't Wilson's policy; but, for the French at least, there is a suggestion that the president's principles have pulled the British out of a bad hole, and bid fair to exclude the French from Syria. Given this material to work upon. It is easy to see how the professional diplomats of the old order would burrow and dig and mine and manipulate; and they have done it, and from one quarter therefore, we have an Insistent whisper that the French have become chauvinistic, and from other still, the relatively old whisper that the British have remained hypocritical. And out of exactly this r.ort of mixture prows the impression one gathers over and over again in the American press that the Faris conference is after all a gathering place of the old reactionary apotiators and diplomats who behind a facade of idealism, are doing the same old thing in the same old way. This after all is a part of the Syrian mess. But it is worth recalling again that the Paris conference is very like an American political convention that just as all party bosses used to gother and still do gather: just as political bargains of machine character are discussed and contemplated, these things happen in Paris. Yet, more often than not, and always when public sentiment is awake, a convention, in spite of machine politicians who have the appetite, but no courage, nominated pood tickets and adopted good platforms, and side by side with all this bargaining, of which the Syrian episode is an example, one can feel and one can count on an infinite number of cases in which the claims of the old sort, greatly pressed in the beginning, are being modified or abandoned. Practical principles are being formulated which if they ever are adopted, as I believe they will be, will in the future limit exactly the evils of which I have spoken. RAD ATMOSFIIFIU: KIT FOlt SMALL POLITICIANS. You may believe in Paris and find evidence to support the belief, that nothing has been changed in European diplomacy and methods since the days of Machiavelli or Metternich, and you may find proof of it in a score of questions of which the Syrian and Adriatic problems are perhaps the most impressive. You will find many people impressed by these things to the extent of believing that the taint of the old order runs through exerything in the new conference". I am sure that volumes of testimony will go hack to America that nothing honest or real can be expected in this Paris atmosphere. Put by contrast it has now become reasonably certain that the people of Syria will be permitted to decide their own fate, which never could have happened at the congress of Vienna or at the congress of Berlin. It is becoming fairly clear that all the little politicians with their petty bargainings are going to miss the big nrizes and that, in a word, things

that they are working for are not j coming off. The bargain which the British made with France, and then abandoned to sell the same goods to j the Arabs, does not express the pres- . ent spirit or temper of the English : people; nor do I believe for a single j moment, that the demand made by certain sections of Frenchmen in the j matter of Syria expresses the real , characte r of French spirit at the : present day. I do not see much dif- j ference between the French and the j British aims in this respect, except J that the British have been fortunate ; enough to fortify their policy after , the event by the 'act that it falls in ; with the new principles. But the big

thing seems to me tirst that the job , isn't going to be done, and second. ! that this is the tirst time in tho I amI an appeal is made to this popu . - . Vir co n H rt-i r t t Vi r i t ? r i 'i n will rnn

world that it could have been pre-

; vented.

wilson coincides with Ill'MAN ASPIK ATIOXS. The thing that I am trying to say to my American readers is that the world neare conference, like a na

tional political convention in its day- lve. but

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lar sentiment the politician will con

tinue to seem in charge, j As a factor in the matter of mak- j I ing peace, and a just peace, I do not j ! think the Syrian episode is worth i ; passing notice, because I do not be- i

lieve it will go nine innings or even

I have chosen it as exam

ple of the sort of thing that is poing

I

s

This New Phase Of German

Kultur?

An official statement jjiven out by the railroad company, says: "The fire in the coaches was not lue to any defect in the lihtintj or heating apparatus, nor to a hot box. The presence of the obnoxious pases is still unexplained. Hoth

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the main tasks are undertaken, does .ur cimui not give anv true index of the real bitternesses between the nations, forces which are goimr to control it to cloud one's view of the truth . v, ,0itc ,. v,i,H nro min as it is known here.

I

(Copyrighted 1913.)

to be achieved. It is a great pity in

Taris as it is a great handicap in na- ' tional conventions, that the machine J QT 14 MEN ON Äian .IT a" V " i CONSPIRACY CHARGES

the preliminary reports of the con

ference like those of a convention must be replete in this kind of detail: but if one exaggerates It in either case, one loses the proper perspective, and adopts a dangerous cynicism. The fact to which I return over

'and over again, is that the coming j ment order and the other i r.f tr Wilson tn Furo re coincided I charted with conspiring to

ST. LOUIS. Mo., Feb. T. The federal grand jury today returned indictments against 14 nun charg-

I lni rnrcniner tn rlofr-"illd the TfiV-

ernment. Two of the men are charg-ed with using an inferior grade of coffee in tilling a govetn-

12 are obtain

with preat general human aspiration j clothinp. at Jeffetson barracks, at

for .a new order in the world, and i low

that Mr. Wilson's coming gave new J

rate.

. t i t 1 1 i 1 1 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Ad vl.

vitality and force to this yearning. And in its new form this popular sentiment or popular emotion i. too powerful to permit the politicians with their little tricks to put them on er, but until the real test comes.

fkk i; rixiNti ommitti:i; WILL CI-IASC. WASHINCVT' .v. i . b. 7. The price lixing committee of the war Industrie board will cease to exist on March 1.

FARIS. Feb. 7 Two railway iF FTY THfl ANH A F F

coaches, recently handed over to France by Germany, played a most important rrt in a puzzling accident on the Paris-Metz railway line last night, in which five persons lost

their lives. Sixteen persons were in Jured.

j m tne amy jost

; ducted

Ni:V York. IV 7.- -J r.-n.iah A. O'leary, on trial in f r.il court here on churg s of visiting the f .. pion.-ice l.iw, took th" on.bi. t of h: defense Into Li- ,wn hand tod.ny. cro.-s examining at b-npth Adolph S

PMRHI I PH AQ CTIinPMTQ i r'chs. I.'iM:her of th.. NV.v Vor .

coaches were consumed by the I flames"

I

I PARIS. Fef I soldiers of the

7. Fifty thousand merican expedition- j

have enrol. ed as students

schools to be con-

under the direction of th

army educational commission. Hundreds of former college and academy Professors and instructors, drawn from the various branches of the American expeditionary force, have ',

hut as soon as fresh air came in con- t-een sent to direct and to teach thes

schools and thousands of text books : ha" be-n shipped to them. The plan Is to make- these division-

Train No. 4 7, bound for Metz, had just entered the tunnel at Xanteuil when the passengers occupying the two eoaehen handed over by Germany began to experience trouble in breathing and strong obnoxious gases boan to fill the roaches. The passengers smashed the windows,

tact with tre gases the coaches became a mas of fire. The passengers, in terror, fled to the tracks in the dark tunnel. A train goinc in the opposite direction crashed into them and five were killed. Of the 15 injured, all of whom were treated at the hospital at Cha-

Times. Richard Hooker. p;ibli-h"r . f the Spr::igf".-bl Repu 1 1 1. .tn. and oth r wittu-v-es summoned by the i;ovTnment. O'Leary Nu-:ior.ed Mr .h fo-ri'-.trly a n hour. s.--k ir.r to lirz ' from him an adrr.i-.-ion thit b.M r'vp,ip. r was controlled by Rr itisn inmjenee or me:. Mr. Och, had b.en fNummond by the district attorney to refute ch.rres in.id- in 'Vlz-ary's magazine. Bill, that thTlnii .i was eo controlled. H- testified that h own-d 4 pr C4-nt of I'. stock and th.'.t all th" r mamd r wis owned bv oth r American.

al schools continue in operation with the divisions to which they are attached, moving with the divisions when the latter are ordered on the homeward route and being broken

teau Thierry, eight suffered only up only when the units are musterfrom the effects of asphyxiating ga4 ' ed out in the United States.

gi:kma tkmh iti:r.irn i;i: CITY. A MST Kill A M . ! .-. . 7. The ,-itv of Rrombr rsr. G. rma:; Poland, hn been recaptured from the Redes by German troops, after ir:-k righting, according to advice, received here.