South Bend News-Times, Volume 35, Number 366, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 1 January 1919 — Page 1

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EDITIO VOL. XXXV. NO. 366. PRINCE CARL DISAPPROVED WAR METHODS Regrets Propaganda in U. S. Was Carried Out in Clumsy Manner. with the AMERICAN ARMY; OF OCCUPATION. Monday, Dec. 30 (By the Associated Press.) In a talk recently with an American: army officer. Prince Carl of Hohen zollern, lieutenant general and commander of the 38th landwehr regiment, who now is living in the area occupied by the Americans, said that in all his 32 years' experience in the army he never had seen anyhere soldiers of better discipline or who behaved better than the Americans. The prince, who is a member of non-reigning house of the HohenzolIern family, according to the American officer, appeared not to realize the indignation created in the United states through tht sinking of the Lusitania and expressed surprise when he was told that celebrations were reported to have taken, place in Gcrmany and medals awarded to the submarine crew when the big Cunard liner was sent to the bottom. The prince said that personally he disapproved, of submarine warfare and bombing by means of airplane. He asserted that Germany should not have started her submarine warfare without being absolutely certain it world succeed. Prime Carl said he regretted that the German propaganda in the United States had been carried out in what he termed such a clumpy manner. Germany, he declared, should have started her propaganda n a larger scale and spent millions of marks instead of thousands. The greatest fault with Germany's diplomacy, he added, was the persistent disregard of the importance of national psychology and failure to appreciate the points or view of other nations. The prince concluded the interview by saying that 60, 000 German officers had lost their lives during the war. Prince Carl was German military attache with the Japanese army during the Russo-Jupanese war. During the visit to Germany in 1907 of the late King Edward, Prince Carl was relieved of command of the first regiment of dragoon guards, of which King Edward was the honorary commander. It was rumored at the time that his friendliness to the Japanese and his open hostitlity to the Russians was the cause of his transfer. Carl is another of the German generals known before the European war to have held strong prejudice against the ability of the American army and navy, on various occasions having belittled them His antipathy also extended mark edly to the British land and sea forces. With regard to Germany's losses in officers, the Cologne Gazette on Nov. 25 placed the number of officers killed at 44,000 and those missing at 13,0000. ITALY RECEIVES CREDIT FROM THE U.S. GOVERNMENT Associated Press Service. WASHINGTON, Dec. 31. - Italy today received a new credit of $100,000,000 from the United States government. This increased Italy's total credit from this country to !1,310,000,000 and the allies aggregate credit to $8,585,523,702. NO EVENING PAPER THIS being a legal holiday - the first of the year - there will be no evening edition ot The News-Times, the morning edition going to all readers. This is customary with this office - New Year's, Memorial Day, July Fourth, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. The News-Times force unites in extending to all readers their compliments ot the season, and best wishes for a Happy and Prosperous New Year.

WAR METHODS

DAY AND NIGHT I'M, I.FASED WIHE TKLKGUAI'IIIC SERVICE

London's NewYear Celebration First In Four Years Associated Press Serivice: LONDON, Dec. 31. - Evidence that the war is ended came tonight in the I..ndon celebration of the passing of the old year. The traditional gathering of Scotsmen before St. Paul's Cathedral took place with Wassail and native sons. For the last four years the sadness of war precluded this celebration. but tonight this old custom was renewed with enthusiasm. The streets surrounding St. Paul's were filled with Scotsmen before midnight.. They sang "Auld Ling Syne" and exchanged greetings while chimes silent since the outbreak of the war, rang in the new year. FARM LOAN BOARD ANNUAL REPOPT SHOWS PROGRESS Shows Loan Associations Have Doubled in Number During the Year. Associated Pre Service: WASHINGTON. Dec. 11. Increase in the lending power of federal banks and the grant of authority for them to write fire insurance on farm property, were advocated by the farm loan board In Its annual report submitted today to congress. Modification of the federal farm loan act so as to make the minimum loan $500 instead of $100 and maximum loans of $25.000 Instead of $10,00 also was urged. The report, which was the second made by the hoard, was described as covering "the first year of operation" of the farm loan system, the first year of the board being spent in organization. "The year was one of very evident progress," declared the report, which contained a table showing that farm loan associations increased from 1.839 to 3,439 during the year; that the capital of the twelve federal land banks increased from $10488 - 230 to $16,250,285; that loans in force increased from $29,816,304 to $149,0??,439; that joint stock land banks increased from four to nine, and their loans now amount to $7,380,734, and that interest rates of the land banks was five or five and a half per cent, and that of land stock banks was six per cent. Interesting information as to the applications by borrowers of loans from the land banks was given in a detailed statement, dealing with about one-third of all the loans closed by the banks. This statement showed that eight per cent of the proceeds of the loans were used to buy land; ten per cent for buildings and improvements; sixty per cent to pay off existing mortgages; ten per cent for payment of other debts; five per cent for purchase of bank stock; four per cent for purchase of livestock, and three per cent for implements and equipment. Benefits 64,000 Borrowers. "The loaning of over 150.000.000 has been of distinct and direct benefit to more than 64.000 borrowers," declared the report, "and has been i of indirect benefit to every appli-

cant for a farm loan through pri-.

vate agencies.

"A distinct reduction, not only for | mitted to select men for promotion the rate of interest on such loans, | to successive grades instead of conbut also in the accompanying | tinuing the present system of havcharces. was manifest immediately ing all selections made by a single after the passace of the act." | board. Despite the large production and | Increased pay for the men of theof the high prices, net returns of agricul - | navy also was recommended by Mr. ture in the 1918 crop year "was | Daniels, who asked the committee to much less than is popularly suppos- | write into the new naval bill a proed." declared the report, which | vision making permanent the war-

explained that big profits were eliminated by the scarcity of farm scarcity of farm labor. its high cost, as also that of fertilizers, implements, and machinery. OFFICER HAMILTON MAKES FIRST ARREST William Peitz. 171 Lawrence av, was arretted by Officer Hamilton at 12:05 this - morning charged with carrying concealed weapon and shooting within the corporate limits. He wa released on bond. William bears the distinction of being the first man arrested this year.

Two War Agencies Cease to Exist With 1919 Associated Press Service: WASHINGTON, Dec. 31. - With the ending of the year 1918 at midnight tonight, a number of officials who have served the government during the war retired from office and at least two war agencies the war industries board, the treasury's capital issues committee - ceased to exist. OfHcials who ended their services include Bernard B. Baruch, chairman of the war industries board; Thomas B. Love, assistant secretary of the treasury; Robert S. Lovett, director of capital expenditures of the railroad administration, and Carl R. Gray, director of operations of the railroad administration. William G. McAdoo had expected to end his duties as director general of railroads, but he will remain at his desk until next Saturday to complete a report of his year of stewardship. The appointment of a successor is daily expected at the White House, but there has been no indication as to who it will be. It has been generally understood that Dr. Harry A. Garfield, who resigned as fuel administrator some time ago, expected to resume his duties as president of Williams College early in the year, but no announcement as to when he will leave his present office has yet been made. He and Chairman Baruch of the war industries board and Chairman McConnick of the war trade board, have been summoned to Europe by the president to aid in work in connection with the peace conference. While the war industries board dissolved at midnight tonight, some of its work already had been turned over to the departments of commerce, interior and agriculture, and others will be taken over by the war trade board, which will continue to function for the present at least. The board's price fixing committee, it is understood, will continue its work until the prices fixed on certain commodities expire by limitation next July 31, but prices on steel, copper, pig iron, zinc, cement, and other commodities expired tonight at midnight. DANIELS ASKS NAVY INCREASE Recommends One Month's Pay Be Given All Men When Discharged. Associated Press Service: WASHINGTON. Dec. 31. Secretary Daniels, in appearing today before the house naval committee to explain the navy's needs as regards personnel until a permanent establishment can be determined upon in the light of the action of the peace conference. urged that hereafter naval officers be permitted on merit. The secretary recommended an ammendment that would withdraw all application of seniority In making promotions and also suggested that officers in each grade be permitted to select menfor promotion to successive grades instead of continuing the present system of having all selections made by a single board.Increased pay for the men of the navy also was recommended by Mr. Daniels, who asked the committee to write into the new navel bill a provision making permanent the wartime pay increases of from $6 to $15 for enlisted men. This would make the pay range from $36 to $51 a month. The secretary also asked that one month's pay be given navy men as a gratuity when they are discharged from the service. In explaining to the committee that the department would not now ask for any increase in the permanent enlisted strength of the navy, Secretary Daniels said temporary increase should be authorized to in- elude 60,000 temporary regulars and 53, 000 of the reserves for oper-t ating transports, as a total of 250,00 men would be needed for naval ships and transports.

BEND

SOUTH BEND., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 1, 1919.

AUTHORITIES INVESTIGATE BOMB OUTRAGE Inquiring Into the Activities of Groops Who Have Been Busy Distributing LiteratureO Associated Press Service: PHILADELPHIA, Dec. .11. Federal authorities are lending assistance to the city police in running out every clue and theory that has any possibility of bringing to justice the perpetrators of last night's bomb outrage. One arrest was made today, a well known radical of this city being taken into custody. No charge has been preferred against him, and tonight no one was permitted to see. him. He has frequently appeared in public and has often been driven from the city hall plaza, where he attempted to address crowds. While nothing has developed to indicate that he was connected with the explosions, the police nevertheless declare they intend to keep him in custody for further investigation. Federal authorities are inquiring sharply into the activities of groups of men and women who, since the United States entered the war, have been busy circulating literature opposing the draft system. A number of such offenders within the last year have been given prison sentences. In connection with the campaign against seditionists it was learned today that threats had been made against the local offices of the department of justice and certain judicial oincers. Constant guard has been kept, but nothing ever came of the threats. Justice Robert von Moschzisker, of the state supreme court, whose home was one of those wrecked by bombs, and the police officials hold the theory that the bomb outrages were not directed against police and court officers personally, but are part of a general movement against the elements of society mentioned in the circular found near tho buildings where the explosions occurred. This circular was addressed: 'To the exploiters, the judges, policemen, the priests, and soldiers." One paragraph in the circular, it is said, has drawn the attention of federal authorities to a certain group of anarchists who have been active at different times. This paragraph reads: "Science triumphed over Torquemada's century. Anarchy will triumph over the present Torquemadas of our century. We have demanded the freedom of all political prisoners, freedom of press and speech. You have refused. We war against you." While the outrages have failed to terrorize the authorities, nevertheless they are taking every precaution against further violence. The home of every judge in the city was tonight under guard, as were also the homes of prominent city officials and clergymen who hae taken an active part in the campaign against seditionists., draft dodgers, and others considered enemies to the cause of the United States in the war. The federal building, housing the main post offices, all the United States courts, and various local branches of the government were also under guard. About a dozen of the anarchistic circular were found today between the leaves of telephone directories in the public booths in the building. Reports that the bombs were stolen from government munition plants in this city or vicinity could not be confirmed. Pieces of the exploded bomb resembled parts of shrapnel shells. Many millions of shells were manufactured in the Philadelphia district during the war, of which a large number were for the Russian government before its collapse.

The True Meaning of Interurban Day Lei's get at the heart of it! We all can better profit by Interurban Day as we better understand its significance, its purpose and its possibilities. Interurban Day is the combined cooperative effort of South Bend's leading stores in every line to offer you, its patrons. Greater Service - Greater Bargains - Greater Selections - Greater Values.

Now

those four aims, are not trivial. They touch you where you live." Thev vitally affect vour purse strings.

where you live." They Come and see Thursday.

NEWS-TIM

SUPPLIES FOR SERBS ARRIVE AT TRIESTE Hoover Announces Sending of Missions to Warsaw and Vienna Representing Allied Governments. Associated Press Service: WASHINGTON, Dec. 31. Arrival at Trieste of the first steamer carrying supplies for the Serbians and the sending of a special mission to Warsaw to organize food relief in Poland and another to Vienna to investigate food conditions there were announced in a cablegram received at the food administration today from Herbert C. Hoover at Paris. Conditions in Vienna and also in Rumania were said to be desperate. Mr. Hoover said representatives of the Viennese municipalities now at Berne staled that food supplies for the 2,000,000 people in the Austrian capital would not last more than ten days. The Swiss government, the cablegram said, proposed to forward at once a week's supply for the city. As to Rumania, the cablegram said the American and allied ministers there had telegraphed that they were convinced that the food supplies would not last more than another 30 days, and "that Immediate steps for relief must be taken if the country is not to be submerged into bolshevism." Mr. Hoover's cablegram follows: "Tlie first cargo of foodstuffs shipped through the cooperation of the war department; and food administration has arrived at Trieste, and other cargoes should arrive at Cattaro and other points on the Adriatic Sea in the next three days. These supplies are intended for Serbia and the territory recently amalgamated with Serbia in Bosnia and Montenegro, where the distress is very acute. The only connection is by railroad from tho Adriatic sea, the Bulgarians havlnr destroyed the railroad from Saloniea, Greece, beyond the possibility of repair inside of four months. "A commission representing the American, French, British, and Italian governments, under the chairmanship of Dr. Alonzo Taylor, with the assistance of Capt. T. C. Gregory, of the United States army, is leaving tonight for Vienna in response to representations as to the dangerous situation which ha-s developed in that city. The representatives of the Viennese municipalities now at Berne state that food supplies for the 2.000,000 people in the city of Vienna will not last for more than 10 days. Owing to the disorganization of railroads in Austria and the separating of Hungary and Czecho-Slovania, Vienna is practically cut off from any supplies. "So far the bolshevlki have been kept under control in Vienna, but advices indicate that unless food-stuffs can be furnished for the city it will be impossible to maintain order. The Swiss government is proposing to forward at once about a week's supply for the city, but the situation in Switzerland will not permit of their giving more than a few days' relief. "The American and allied ministers in Rumania have telegraphed to their respective governments that, after investigating, they are convinced that the food supply of Rumania will not last for more than another 30 days, and that immediate steps for relief must be taken if the country is not to be submerged by bolshevism. Methods of relief are under consideration, but present extreme difficulties. The railroads, of Rumania are largely broken down. There is a great deal of port destruction and there is no bunker coal in the Black Sea except what can be borrowed from the allied navies. Further, Rumania is entirely without funds to pay for food."

A NEWSPAPER FOR THE HOME WITH ALL THE LOCAL NEWS.

Six Transports Now On Way to U.S. With Troops Associated Press Service: WASHINGTON, Dec. 31. Departure from France of six adadditional transports carrying approximately 12,000 home-coming soldiers, was announced today by the war department. The first of the ships, the Agamemnon, which sailed Dec. 28, should reach New York Jan. 5, and the last of them, the Eastern Queen, carrying only a few officers, is due at Baltimore Jan. 14. The transport Finland, which sailed Dec. 29, and is due at Newport News Jan. 10, brings Brig. Gen. Martin of the 87th division, and the second battalion of the 34th infantry, and the headquarters of the 173rd infantry brigade of the same division, all enrcute for Camp Dix. N. J. The transport Madawaska, which sailed Dec. 28, and is due at Newport News Jan. 8, carries these additional units of the 87th division, also enroue for Camp Dix: Csuai companies 113., 114, 115, 401,408, and 409, and the headquarters of the 174th infantrybrigade. The Madawaska also carries 1,158 sick and wounded officers and men, while the Finland, 949 sick and wounded officers and men and these additional units: Casual companies number 116, 117, 118, 120, 405, 40G. 407, 410, and 411, and chemical warfaro service casual company number two. Tr.o Agamemnon carries the 313th trench mortar battery, companies A, B, C, I, K, and D of the .'loth infantry, third battalion headquarters, machine gun company and C30 sick and wounded. The Louisville has on board casual companies numbers 1.00S, 1.009, 1,069. 1,070 and 1.071, a number of casual officers and 78 sick and wounded. The Santa Marta is bringing 112 casual officers and one officer and 12 men of the first field artillery. PLANS EXPANSION OF NAVAL COLLEGE Vice Admiral Sims Will Accept Presidency Upon His Return. Associated Press Service: WASHINGTON. Dec.. 31. - Under plans for a comprehensive expansion of the naval war college at Newport, R. I., until its work will reach officers throughout the feef, Vice Admiral Simp, now commanding the American naval forces abroad, will return to the presidency of the college when his present duty is completed. Secretary Daniels disclosed this assignment today in presenting to the house naval committee a request for dcuble the appropriation made for the college last year. He also told the committee that Admiral Sims had requested that he be returned to Newport, which he left just before the United States en- tered the war in order to hasten to London for the participation of the American navv In the fight against the common enemy. "The study of naval strategy and naval tactics, during the last four last four years," the secretary told the com - mlttee, "will have deep interest for every naval officer, and the application of the principles learned during the war in future naval strategy will need to be studied by all naval officers who may be charged with responsible duties. I do not think that any money for naval purposes can be expended more widely than to give the opportunity for naval officers to study at the war college and to cur- the study to all men in the fleet."

VIOLENT FIGHTING BETWEEN HUN AND POLISH SOLDIERS

Associated Press Service: BASEL, Dec. 30. - The Poles are masters of Posen (German Poland), according to the Vorwaerts of Berlin. They have dis-

armed German officers and soldiers, some of whom, the paper adds, were shot after being tried by courtmartial. Violent fighting has taken place in the streets between German and Polish soldiers. The Poles are in control of the central post office and the telegraph office and have cut communication with Germany. The

German authorities in the province urgently demand that troops be sent to their aid. The local soldiers' and workmen's council at Wreschen, east of Posen and Zloslaw, have officially proclaimed their annexation to Poland.

WARSAW, Monday, Dec. - 30. Forty-seven persons have been killed in the streets of Warsaw in consequence of numerous clashes which occurred between the troops and revolutionist-, The city is at high tension over the shooting today and yesterday by the troops of red revolutionists who were holding demonstrations in favor of the liberation of several interned boisheviks. This is the first time that such drastic measures have been taken

here. A state of virtual martial law exists, with the soldiers of the newly formed national army and the municipal guard patrolling the streets. Cavalry and light artillery are active and the artillery has been holding target practice in the outskirts of Warsaw, the

CLEMENCEAU AND WILSON DIFFER ON PEACE QUESTION Associated Press Service: Paris, Dec. 31. - The declaration made by President Wilson in his speech at Manchester Monday apainst balance of power among the nations is regarded in high American quarters here as a direct rejoinder to the speech of Premier Clemeneeau in the chamber of deputies in which he declared his support of the "balance of power" idea, and his purpose of making it his guiding thought in the peace negotiations. Whether it was intended to be so, it is not known, but the president's

speech, coming within 24 hours after | after several soldiers had been that of the premier, has led a con- | woundedby the mob and five pertrast between the two declarations | sons were killed and a number of as sharply defining two opposing | others wounded. viewpoints on the subject of balance | The crowd, which numbered

of power among the nations. The textual copy of the premier's speech on Sunday j available and gives night is now the following reference on this subject: "There is an old system which appears eondemned today and to which I do not fear to say that I remain faithful at this moment. Countries have organized the de-

fense of thier frontiers with the | crowd demanded the release

necessary elements and the balance of power." Great disorders broke out

chamber at this point and Pierre Prizon, a socialist deputy, ex claimed: | Poland is preparing for a mili"This is the system which has | tary campaign along her entire gone into bankruptcy." | Russian frontier. The bolshevikl Premier Clemenceau continued, | will be opposed on the north and ea east and the Ruthenians of the "This system appears to be con- | Ukraine on the southeast. The

demned by some very high authorties. Neverthelesss, I will remark that if such a balance had preceded the war that if America, England, France, and Italy had got together in delaring that whoeer attacked one od them must be expected to see the three others take up the common defense." The premier was interrupted here the chamber, but later resued. "There is in ances which I system of allirenounce. I this do not say it most distinctly, my guiding thought at the conference; if your today permits me to go there, and I believe nothing should seperate after the war the four great powers that the war has united. To this entente I will make all the sacrifices." The statement of the French

but a new attempt to keep the world at a right poisse power, the United by a balance of States would take no interest, because she would join no combination of power which is not a combination of all of us."

THE WEATHER. Indiana - Snow and colder Wednesday, much colder Thursday, fair. Lower Michigan - Snow and colder Wednesday; much colder at night; Thursday partly cloudy south.

PRICE THREE CENTS booming of vhich is intended as a warning to revolutionist; who are suspected oi an intention to seize the government. The arrival from Posen of Ignace Paderewski, who has been proposed as president of the republic, has served to strengthen the hands of the authorities, who are now passing through anxious days and nights. It is extraordinary how unspectacular are of which witnessed. the street fights, correspondent has In one instance soldiers who refused to salute the red flag, when jostled by the crowd opened fire, but the rioters were unperturbed, merely waiting to see who was killed or injured. Despite intermittent outbreaks, the customary life is going on and the theaters are well patronized. the bolsheviki marched to the Hotel Bruhl in Warsaw today and demanded the release of six bolshevik agents. Polish troops fired into thecrowd, more than 1,000 paraded through the streets carrying red banners and crying "Down with Pilsudski! Down with the government!" It was composed mainly of young men and young women. They then marched to the hotel, where three compaines of the Polish legion were guarding bolshevik agents. Leaders the release of the when this was were fired hotel. The bolshevik agents and when refused, revolver shots

in the | from the crowd into the

bolsheviki have forced the take up arms by their advance Poles to Poles Polish territory. The the since the been Ruthenian take Lemberg in November. of Gen. Hoffman The bolsheviki the German army retires. The to reports reaching Germans reaching according here, freely bolsheviki to advance efforts of the permit the bolshevik while blocking Poles to check Germans are are scheduled capital the Poles Marshal to evacuate Lithuania, the Jan. 4, await Foch before to the sion from tering the before German The bolsheviki rapidly toward are advancing toaward Vilna and are vored by mild weather. Their said to be orderly, well armed. They no depredations they meet with rePskov, where the they carmerciless massacres. The reported also are bolsheviki were ried out merciless bolsheviki, it sending forces to occupy the Baltic ports of Libau and Risa as soon the Germans evacuate them.