South Bend News-Times, Volume 34, Number 251, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 8 September 1917 — Page 7

ATTTida v .ititk.co. i rri :mw:i; s. iir. '??r3E AGRICULTURE STOCK-RAISING (Hb r7i "h

THE SUUTH BEND NfcWS-TlMES

1 fli

apacity of Coop Per Hen Important Factor in Poultry and Egg Business

r.Y immun .i;.MTimf;. l.xlKTt 1 i f 1 1 f r man jirul Siitrr. "I ha, e .1 r hiok' ii h'u-e f su i; nnl 9Jcli lirri'-rr i im" . hov. in. iu;.

J.en w ill it .-if. fn.i:i')'l.itf

"altr. n.fti.,i5 ari-as ruf -e fruently than thh'. Or, tb ;.ri-;" -t:e puulItTi r 'A.iii!- to )-.nvv Iii-.. j irr-'; to b -,id .i ho i-o that v;:i ' j tor a if;: n'im'i r e:" hir.-, "i ".hat proportion r fi-lf-r t' - rf-at'-t i m:ii ii!m)i hmv tum i j'.rh iom?i t al!'v; ):o'. man.

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I I ! I SC ('Ii. 1 S i l

t -T s te n; hl-

arv ah problems ff viml :.tM'

1 JUS . nii v ill t l.-.iJ

artulo has been pr epa i d v. it n k ic to iu'sa f riii-; thrr. n ! aii.-, s, that the info.-mati",i

upplb a 1 de- tu f! Ks n,"

The sio if a poultr-.re-nee d si.ii.t- A ha ! v 'rt!y by the- amount V ill l f .jM !l'i'il u

lmi.i ic. i n

if are th it

the 11.

tiiouIi tin: principal factors arr the urietl'-s of lib-ke ns to u u -' I. iiid the units r sie of tli.' flock-. a t rue explain thin inu fully. In the j-'hiiIktm se r tion.s of thefiuntry, u Ihtc the- elhnate- mfiro

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Ne, I I . Vv '',''! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i a 1 1 I 1 1 1 ; ' M I

SILVER PENCILED HAMBURGS

Iloll.tml ae tl:o

uiM this a-

i r los üiil.l ium:i ihr v.'it r I ri ty of I""itr:' uiio of 1 1 1 inn-t Mfuitha. anil wlifrf :-n'fall i - prac- ! f utif ul in itr nf -. Manx- t-a rs tii ally a n"'-i;i:ilW' ol'.iu.nt, - i n " th- Duffh allol this f.l tt1 ii 1 1 1 i-r s 1 1 1 'a- r Iv .-luiMi'vC j ' ' ci la Iacr," an. I its famr as an ,'tr'ii-tiiri s, eiitirt'lr fipt ii cm thf 1 a.-L ! f"-- pi 'jflrcor ! I tf its rx;(rtatii: .:p"-a'd side, whi' h is tc-u illy t'c! Kurland, hor- faiu irrs levc-U;)-

.-.utl. v. all, ii 'miliar1 v

thrf-v p r iiuttiüt; ;ui(''' t ri . 1 hrtft it n tixc-l chair:f c utii.itiiit:. )hvi-1 t'-ristifs ami i olnration. It was a

where tr' is a ronstant

hniiL in .r of t!i air. v. i r 1 1 no . har.t' 1 r the interior ail t hu omr foul arifl rnoivture-lafloiK ii frora the Jfiwi's iircathin.tr, th- cili.al conteiits of mk h a homa- can he sui. hiantially less tn.'M the liouse thpt, lue to a :nore severe climate, must

he a.Torlcl greater prctM tin from iriinir vnows 'iml luavy raes. anl therefore rere hs( ly shut In tin Um south wall. In other wonls, th." more it hecomes necessary t h-ly house jioultry, the more vhi;? feet of air -pace is reftuitei!. The otihi-.al contents of the lifiurt' is the length i.iultlpliofl hy the üqlit. Spare J'aeilState C lea nli nes. The amount of (are to he yivi-n tli flock, is tlie next considr ratiou C course, every iircspoctlvo poiiltrykeeper ftarts with the i est intentions in this rtsptat. lint whore t hickens arc raise. l ; s .a si.l line. "peeially in Miiall flcwks in the i -.ickyard, -wliich Js the most prolitahle kinfl of poultry raisin-r, hecause it i.-t usually the jr.o;t r-cononiica!. tne owner i.s likely ti overhik ceii.'.in c jii'Iition.', lue to inexperience. "I rrt homo at six o'clock." he will say. "Aril I'm through work p. Saturdays r:t i:'Cn. 1 can attend to the chickens then."' This eenin lahor worKs out iiicely in the spring ami Mimim r aionth. for the da re h:i; hut in th" wintf-r tim it i.- iark at ti nVlock in the afternoon. Therefore if the cleaning tnust wait until Saturdays, which is once a urr k, ta roosting compartments must he larger, othe-rwis-H there will he a serious accumulation of manur that i- lkcly to - rove a menace to the flock's health. The :.ituation platforms or tloor tuuhr the perchis is deatu'ii daily, the roostin-' oniiartmeuts anil there fre tin i.ouso may lOlntlvcly nialS?r. lucre sed v.pa e iii.iv nit onlv faci'-

i nates elf anliness. hut it permits ofi i

io'i-er intervals letwcon tne iianI Ira irr IJrctvN Xil !Iort lloinu.

A lat man t.'.kcs up tnoia

h-afünj: varietv in Kurland until tlie LeKhorns largely Mipiilante.l it. The Siher Penciled Ham hi;r-s lay well, hut the e-'us which a:o

white, are small, and the hens them-a-ives are snail. They seh'aun lccome I-rof ily. lloth .se.vfs hae lai-e rose- comhs, pare white eailohes, dar!; leu. and the tail of the male . is carried low and sweeping. Ii; color tl.ey are ldack am! white, the male hein:r almost eutir-lv whito. The female has a white neck hakl". and the pluntano of the rct of her hody is Ahitf, hnrred with patalhl hars of lo-Mack.

anil allow three to four square feet per hiril ffr I.ehoins and similar classes when th" are kept in lar-:" ! ks. This is the practice on many cf ttif- largest commercial fauns. Sniji'iMiuns for Vanillin. .'hick tis do not refpiire unlimited i"an.;e t ) ie -.-i-od results, providii'.K the leticiencies tf a small :i.closure jire met hy supplyit them with .sufficient preen stuffs, animal food and so on. Yet it is a lad plan to attempt to keep a very lame hock in a very small yard, unles considerable lahor is expended in spading or plowing up the soil at ficfimuit intoivals. The earth in c yard crowded with fowls, especially if the soil is heavy, is easily contaminated hy their Jroppinjjrs. whic h will he patticularly ohjectionahle and insanitary in wet weather. Whenever possihle it is hst to have doi'Me yards, either side; hy side or on both sides af the home, so that when the Hock is occupy in1one yard, the ejther may he sown to clover, rye or other greens. Thi-; cultivation not alone sweetens th seil, hut it will furnish a lar?e ..mount of the necessary vegetable food. If yards are intended to he kept ir. permanent sod. it will be advisahle to allow at least a hundred square fe-ct per fowl, otherwise the hinls will soon destroy the en

tire iirowth. It the tetidfd for exercise greens are supt lied

soiines trifle le

are not eirnamented in any way, is not adi: hie te. spend over ft.' jier hen for the bianiin -s. " Ireen food is almost as essential to the fowl's well hein" as main. i-'ometlmes this i-s quite a prool m in the w inter mordiis. Xet week's article will tell you how to sole this ' i ruble. n.

E T

SOIL WILL HELP

Farmers Urged to Till Land in Advance for Wheat and Rye Crops Next Year.

runs are'

in-

only, and the from outside

about 'JT) si.uare feet en a per hird is sufficient.

room j rarrow

in a trolley car than a thin oik-. ; of trie

suniciimrs the former 'lock an aisle or ohstrm t ;.

Vhe same eh a holes true of fowl

In any e t nt it is well to remember that the miner square a yaial is made th.e less :t cots to leni-e a -rien area. I 'in t hei more, the tb,c . is more se i:rel conimed within a .-quire y;rd; the hiv Is have not the fe-elmc- of le.-traint as in a lor. -..

yard. However, the height fem-e i Iar.i:elv a ir.atter of

hut j the breed or.e keeps, door, i T'ae m at 1-reeds, such as t'.' t

Ihahmas! may he kept within a

su1 I am

th.re-e to four-foot fence; the dual-

I UrpOse

reeds. su h as the Kock,

one- j u it iiln

a four to tie-foot fence an'.

ti'fth e'-,u i reed--, such as the J-u-lik" i horns, within a -u or seen-Jot

and Minor- j f r nee. Never construct a yard w iti I a rail at the top, unless the run i

rdinarily, the he.-nicr hr d: a - rlvninuth Kocks, Urahnia rt'hinstoris, r-- i ii it a! out ti.ilr' a-aiti as muoa room a; :nall or i-iedium-sic fowl.-.

tla Idii'rr..-", ("ampinci as.

.qi the other hand, ihe lirluer , to 1-' cove red with netting, for i-ceds r e- xaricties. hein.- inoretiio so only invites ;he fowls to excitahle and !l: :hty. are aiu' liki-!aiKl ali-Ut on it. Netting can

h to te cme f.'.idulv auitate! a ml ',t 1 1 t bed satisf.ctrilv

i.iaickv when trowded into taojrail if carefully done. or tea of a small pen. Ar.d 'hi;; .(M and Pore 1 '.

excitement or panic is not ou:u. ie to f-c; rod in 1 1" n. in f u't, ll-.e litils apt to ve i' i,q;sl y in:t:re t h e ! u s " '. " s t i i '. iuc iuai::-;

ns. l.-s k.n

IP, '.y siahl. a the liens tieath-.

crr.ers and piob-eja

n lifoken ii'tr; ;h!s, rev ilji.i it

ami

foot is aii d

: i

in aipm -

1 : in hi-Th I lace" to The si" at th.c 1 other fa tor ' V hen : small 'r.'l'- phm

tmrd fleer's, o, is still al io . Is .-, re ! (it : !oor sp u l s

needed. '1 he r 'a -o 'l nite apparent f n th -ay I't 1 11 h in I'M

ich lifii i - i i : c"u: i-- t ieC .Until ept : - l -

for this e .-a-.-i'! fh , i., i c i : j ;'ct t.

: t. a i c. i -; ' l she has ad i ti e fi.-r !. w !;iv h

. I'

h - e

i et i , tl. i le T f.e:-d

e ; i: i e 1 b -ck ihiiC oi.-r. 1 e o V e v pa i c. TU d

11 !

.' i i 1 1 be tl . t l' :'.i o

late. ' s" ,

: Thr.e t ;t H'.'.lii.':;

e !' f

t ne ntire e ol ! '. cm 'i

of v.-'tramt. In tha small ia 1 1 i ala I; t will have

in: witao' t ..! 1 - a ilock i';te ' Iml.'f the Te- 1 :i 1 1 Til the atTi i la: ';!' hi- a e 1 1 1 ; . Thus, the s:;;. .t a o t a .- ! i 1 ' " -ti ci. s.i;a: f- t . a--- - if tia- h"-;-s ! e : . i ' to v . X - ,

.f tin I :? o- 1 1

e in 1

llock mvre in-"- '

rv.

mi 1 ;:

i a r t!

! n a ho; -e I

a p a! it i '

ihi h.iv c ; ar e fet t of Id have la.' d s, ratchin r and 'MHi! i th- l.ehn-

. pen the ..ta it v n v !c n1 1 ' r o v d t : 11

Tin- w ar.'Tiet part of the h I'dim; a. id that which is freest fm.e . 'alts should h" selected for the rcosi'n-T i om part na nt. wliich is i.-ually iisaia-t th-- :,,,r wall. r.a- h fov. 1 should alio .- e.l aollt 1 illC'lCS linear p' rc'i ro"m. and all t'ae pe. . pes -lioiibl he of the same h. i-lit. or the hinls will hht and stiu-uh for the highest ones. Ku:i-niu.-:h pen lies tlie lon way f the hou-e, that i". j arallel wit'i t-i-iar well. i- -."icrallv tiie n:c-t oa;. v ppm t a l i a n;' en . ' nt . N'evt i:. imoitance to the rmtin.: compartment is the a i a an - erne , o;' luvt--, id whii'h thete shauhl beat 'a ;t one to every four or t ' V e lavei- I'ud'!' i.atural conditions tiie he'". .-ek- a st duiied sj-at i:. -.I'.icli to h.v'. ha lice it hehoov es tlie h.;ihb-r to imitate tins seclusion. Th.- m-s's saoul.l I e sitaated in a

na : e : 1 s d irk a.

rv-s'.l'lc. aiid thev do r...t e

e.isilv aC-

i:-: s'a h a w ay that struct passa -e v av's "

r:t r

tria-ted e. and

upon

il it

e floor area.

r she

i- f -mid not

a i

An ni i.uport -icii'be 1

l : . a! 'V

n A i i' a !

the

. . I I -

a t

any wtv rnh-vs a'asopitelv necesi:.: :i r.et should le about 1 J h.v rn !:'- sip . .re, and aWmt 1 J has h.i.'ii. wr.h partition- hetwn oi t. M-p the liens from, fi.at-

Sjiecial eare tf place the soil in praod condition "in preparation for planum- wheat and rye will k a !"n;r way. says the Tii.ted States department of agriculture. tvvarl assurim; tiie production of the bumper crops of those urains which the department hopes to sec harested. If winter grains are to he firown mi lit nil dev oted to similar grains durim; the pje'edins; season, the land should be plowed as soon as the old crops are removed and occasionally surface cultivated to kill weeds until planting time. The plovvintr should he to a depth of about seven inches. Just before planting time- the land should he harrowed if fairly moist and free from weeds: othe-rwise it should be disked and harrowed. Wheat and rye may follow prac ti' ally any crop which may be pot out of the way in time. Where a choice is possihle, however, it is heiter t have these grains follow

eultivated crop, preferably a le

as taiy or oth-

have them

practice

in parts of the corn helt. In the south they may follow cotton and in the southern sreat plains region, the soi-epums. In some sectionfarmers find it a j-amd plan to followpotatoes with wheat or rye. If the wheat ami rye follow a cultivated crop which has he n kept free from weeds, it is best not t phw the hind. The land may simply he disked and harrowed, harrowing to h- performed auain inst beforeseed i n i. l'nd-u' all comlitmiis drillinu: is prefera'.'.e h. hr-id-atinu as a method of planting, and if t!ie fa ruled' has no drill of his own. it will worth while for him. in i.io-t cases, to rent one. When a drill is used e-s eed is required, the see-d are covaied hetter and may he plante-.l in cm.?act with moist so':!, and a. ma-re even stand is obtained. Fertilizer is -ased n many wheat

titra 1

I ii

cuminevas ci op such

' I er Leans, or covvpeas. To

i follow piirn i i ...in ni.m

. i - - .-'. i i wiimiir.i

. 1 L I Ml II i. .11

arms east of

HARVESTING SDY BEANS FOR CHAIN

Useful for Other Purposes Than Hay, According to Finding of Experts.

For the information of farmers who are bcinninc; to prow soy beans for Ktain rather than for hay. and who are unfamiliar with the handling of the plants under the

former comlitions, the United States I department of agriculture will i shortly publish farmers bulletin, j 'Harvesting Soy I'.eans for Seed.'!

i ne uemami xor inese seeds tor usein the production f oil, feed cake, ami other bean products is rapid y increasini; ami the farmers f the Fnited States are prcparin-; to met this demand. The character of growth, the uniform maturing habits, and the heavyseed yields eif the soy Leans, says the bulletin, contrihute to the ease

of harvesting and recommend the j plants for seed production. The

oi. in u iii . a i i i K es iii ii iiut'iiii the harvesting f cowpeas for seed are not common to the soy bean. When urnwn for urain alone the shatterinu; eif the pods of the soy bean is a Seriems fault and inexperienced growers are likely to sustain a heavy loss through lack of knowledge ami improper handling; of the- soy bean plant. The shattering varies with the' varieties of th bean. It is well, hovve-ver, with most varieties to j;ive special attention as maturity approaches to 'prevent serious losses from this cause. Timer of IlarM'stinir. In general, the best time' to harvest, except where special bean harvesters are usee!, is when ahout threefourths of the leaves have fallen and most ef the pods have turned cedor. If cut at an earlier staue the plants

are eliMicult t cure pniperly. andj the yield will he lessene-el materially j

em account f the immature grain. On the either hand. i. the plants areallowa il to bee-om- too ripe- the pods will shatter hefre being cut. and much seed, will he lost. When special harvesters are used to gather the seed the plants much reach full maturity to obtain the best results. MetheuU of Ilarvestinir. Various methids ef harvesting the- crop are in use in elifferent sections -where the- soy bran is grwn largely for seeil production. The creip may he cut with ordinary mowing machines, self-rake reapers, sdf binders er even with se-ythes. corn knives or sickles. The heans also may he harvested with a special bean harveste-r which gathers the: grain from the standing plants. When the- plants are cut before maturity they are cured in shiuks ami allowed to re-main in the field until a convenient time for threshin c. If thorouuhly dry they may be housed ami threshed later. Tlnr-diing. Threshing may he tlone with an orelinary grain separat!', hut if thi1 ma hine is usod it must be alterc-il :'.ievvhat to prevent the crackinuof the beans. in some cases a special set of thin e oneaves is useel for threshing Leans and in either instances some of the i-oneaves are removed. Cood juelmnent em thenart e.f the tliresherman will enable him to ailjust the ordinary sepuiator so that the' hean.s may be thre sh-

ed with litth splitting". Specht p :-a I

and bean searators are on the mar- JE ket and their use may be- aelvisable ; je w hen large acreage s eif the beans j Ej are t be hamlb d. If t lmroughly ; JE Ii y. soy la ans can be- threshed with i a Mail. If m!y a small ae-reaue is 'A tf be thieshe-d an acre- or so this' rr metheid is pratiahle and e oiionih cal. In a few sections a cm shre-d-der has been use-il to advantage in r

threshing beans-. If irje i ly uted and elried out the beans shell out very rapidly with such a r achire. The straw obtaineel from threshing soy beans fer seed is a valuable

feed for all kiml of stock. In many: sections the straw is baled at thej time e.f threshing ami sold to livery- j men, lairyma-n and stock feeders. Storage of SeM'tl. As soy be-an s e d spoils i.ith'-r i easily if nt properly handled car

should he e-xe i-' ised in curing an! ! t

storing. Afte-r the heans r re j jrT threslo d -they should ho watched care-fally to aonl heating and mohl-j fEr inu. When t lmret" -:hly elry there i s . Lr no sih"h dancer. The het plan, pephafis. is to spiead th.e seeds out on 1 SEEa door immediately aft-r tTirehing. ami shovel tin in over frm time to ; tir-i until they are t horo-.i hly dry. i After thi they may be safely put ; EE into sai h s or '.ii--'. The- store -room ' EE should be dry and with a free ein a- " lation of ai.. .-''' 1-an s-el io-cS j ; viability rathe i.ipidK. and it is r.nt EE

safe to hand -.! for planting pur-,,,.-; more than two se.iso:.- Thseeds of th'- "' ban, unlike thr.-"

of the cowpei. are ran ly attacked ! hv weevils ;ir other grain, insects.

Y im : wm kw Mmjm.M

y u

tnll iylflii!

Mm U Li Li o CO;

Beginning Monday Evening, September 10, 1917. Prepare to serve business Federal and Civil at this time, when your ell ort is needed as never before. The tremendous demand for the office trained is your opportunity a chance you should not overlook. Wliilc you earn, learn. Make yourself of more value to yourself, your employer and your country. Make your start for self-improvement and the bigger job Monday, September 10. In Either the Day or Evening Session. Catalog and Full Information Free on Request. Call or Telephone TODAY

lit?

0)n nn

D)US

III

Corner Michigan and Monroe Streets

Office Open Day and Evening for Registration

College Bldg.

Phones: Bell, 551 Home, 5551

I i v fc ! mm i an mi in i

WASTE NO FOOD

Food Waste of About 700 Million Dollars 'Tor partial immediate relief, everv individual and community should consider earnestly the matter of food conservation and the limitation "of waste. As a Nation we seem to have a disdain of economizing:. In many homes there is strong feeling that it is 'onlv decent' to provide more food than will be eaten and thai it is demeaning to reckon closely. The experts of the Department of Agriculture report to me that the dietary studies mnde bv them point to an annual food waste of about S700,000,00(). Of course, the waste in families of very limited means is slight, but in the families of moderate and ample means the v?ste is considerable. Even if the estimate were reduced by half, the waste would still be enormous. "The food waste in the household, the experts assert, results in large measure from bad preparation and bad cooking, from improper care and handling, and in well-to-do families, from serving an undue number of courses and an over-abundant supplv and failing to save and utilize the food not consumed. As an instance of improper handling, it is discovered that in the preparation of potatoes 20 per cent of the edible portion in many cases is discarded." Secretary of Agriculture, March 3, 19 17.

I Food is Wasted fH (a) When we eat more food than our bodies

need for growth and repair and to supply energy for our work. Overeating tends to poor health and fat instead of brawn, makes us sluggish and indolent instead of energetic and resourceful. Fat enough and no more. Eat for physical and mental efficiency. (b) When food is burned or spoiled in cooking. Improperly prepared or poorly seasoned food will be left on the table and probably wasted. Buy food wisely and then prepare it carefully. (c) When too much food is prepared for a meal. Unserved portions are apt to be thrown into the garbage pail or allowed to spoil. Many housekeepers do

not know how to use left-over foods to make appetizing dishes. (d) When too much food is served at a meal Uneaten portions are left on the plate and later thrown into the garbage pail. Learn to know the needs of vour familv, and serve each no more than you think he will want. (e) When anything edible is allowed to go to the garbage pail or allowed to spoil for lack of proper handling. (f) When food is handled carelessly. Buy clean food, keep it clean until used, and be neat in all details of cooking and serving. This lessens waste and is a valuable health measure as well.

liebte t v I

ee! ne- . . i V. '.. he : e ! a t e ! i !

II, .:

i'oalt rv : .1 . i -t e- ! It a' ' ! a -hi -1 : i :: i . . .,

ait ; i

.aih'ins. f 1 '.-el

1 .

C.lll he- e l eete-d ird or SI" er

!;"::. is upon the man-

h t:le s! ra-t 111 e is hailt t As a onn:ie rend

.. w be ' c t ne lnnise-s are utllltv l)UlUürei oulv. anil

Kansas and

Nebraska, but is n ed loss frer-.r.irnt-ly in the region to the west. Fertilizer is g lu rally ::scd in growing i v e. In grow ing wheat where feraliz r is nsed acid, phosphate is

considtreM of chie-f importance"-.,

Untier present conditions it will hardly ay th" farmer to potash. From l'u' to f.."in puinds of phospate to the acre is the usual rat-. H is best applied through the drill at planting time. Lime should be used on land on which wheat is to be crown if acid conditions prevail. The lime r.r uro-,:nd limestone may be applied at th-- rate of 1. to 4,000 pounds to the acre u ith a lime spre.nler r dr.!!. tvvo or three weeks before Ttlantir. vr tiuia.

T)r. Trust

Ate!!. I'ddc.

Pentist,

! " rnion Advt.

GOOD BLOOD "Blood will tell." Blotches and blemishes, like murder, will out, unless the blood is kept pure. Its purity is restored and protected by the faithful use of

BÖHAMS

PELLS

Lrf ertt Sl f Aar Medtcin in tfk World. Sold Ttrrlirc. La !tt. 1 0c 2 So.

1 I

Feed Your Own Familv First Don't feed high-priced human food to hogs or chickens. . . Don't send valuable food to the incinerator or the fertilizer heap. Don't pour into the sewer nourishing food in the shape of milk, skim milk, sweet or sour, suiip, gravy, or melted fat, or water in which cereals or vegetables have been cooked. Keep good food out of your garbage pail and kitchen sink. DEMONSTRATE THRIFT IN YOUR HOME

MAKK SAVING, RATHER THAN SPENDING, YOUR SOCIAL STANDARD

SUiTSiSlllilliOllllH

m 1 3 1