South Bend News-Times, Volume 33, Number 213, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 31 July 1916 — Page 9

MOVDAY TTn:.VTC. .iriii'ni. ivn

m? Bernard Shaw Suggests New Forms of War Ecoeomv I

fil Ü1

n fn

By G. Bernard Shaw, the Distinguished Irish Social Philosopher. SUPPOSE that an angel were to cone dowa to havo a look at LngJand ond we wora to ask the angel's advice in rcpard to the difficulty we aro ia at this moment, th Ciflicuity of economy euflickrit to meet the rx-rensc-s of a tremcncoU3 war, tho largest war In point cf Mzo and extent that perhaps has ever taken placo in the history of the world cn the earth before; well, the angel, being an Innocent person, would Immediately say: "Well, it Is very Elmple; stop the war." We should Lave to reply to the angel: "We are very sorry wc cannot stop the war; wo i!d not be?ln th war; the war was practically forced upon us and we have got to go through with that war and como out at the end the test way we can." In other words, we cannot fto; tho war until the enemy has had enough cf it. anrj we will find in tho meantime every combatant has concealed to the best of his cbility tho fact that he already ha3 had enough cf it, and will be very glad when it is over. Roth parties are prepared to go right on until they both ce some way out of tin difficulty, either the way out by being hopelessly defeated, or bing triumphantly victorious, or laving to admit that neither defeat nor vicy is po-:-ible. the angel's advice Is no use. We cannot f.o, the war, and wo have got to consider bow best we can organize ourselves to meet the expenses. Before I come to the genuina economic point I want to warn you against the curious instinct in human nature which has taken advantage of the war. There aro people who have the curious idea that the moment you are In danger you should mortify yourself in somo way. and so you have these reople protesting against having anything that has the aspect of pleasure or recreation." When they aay: "Eat less meat," what they really mean can be put In one word, you are to fast, you are to humiliate yourselves, you are to mortify yourselves, you are to crawl about like worm?, you are to be unhappy, and then God will bf happy with you. But If you stand up and look daring and tako large mealä, then jou will provoke God. What is being preached to you In the name of -conomy to-day Is nothing but the preaching cf that instinct, and it 13 an extremely dangerous rort of preaching. That Is the thing cn which if you really think you are going to get through tho war with any sort of credit and any rort of prospect or success that Is the r,ne thing which you will resolutely have to turn your back on, because economy does rot mean self Ejortlfication In any way; it doe3 not mean saving. If you ask yourself tho question, Can we savo anything? I say vo cannot, for the mass of the nation not only I:as not enough money to save, but has not hitherto had enough to spend, and even at the present moment has not enough money to tpend. 1 Then comes the question. Can we work any more? No. we cannot, because we are overworked already. Then we come to tho real vital question of economy, Can we produce more? There 13 not the slightest doubt we ran. Can we waste leas? Certainly we can. The secret of producing more is to spend more. Production in itself is an expensive thing. When nations have been poor it has meant that they have hud very little capital. When nations have been rich. and. I may add. incidentally, when commodities have been cheap, it has always meant that they havo silent a great deal uf money in producing. Before wt; go into the question of general Korioinv, lot me deal with false economy. Take, for instance, the question of food. What does r.onomv in food mean? It means the production uf u great deal more food than we have been hitherto producing, and the consumption

cf more food by the members of the community at large. Do not have your attention too raufh distracted by the Bmall and negligible number of people in this country who have too much to eat. The great mass of the people of the country have not enough to eat, and the consequence is they cannot produce half as much as they could if they were properly fed. Then we must prepare not to eat les3 meat, but to eat a great deal more. I do not insist on the commodity meat, but we must get mors sustaining food of some kind. Then we must Epend more money on our sanitation than before, because it Is of very great Importance that the community should be healthy. We have heard already that one of the brilliant suggestions for economizing has been not to water the streets of London and, I may add. not to sweep the streets of London, Any man who supports that proposition In the name of economy is an enemy of his country. He is a man who Is deliberately working to force on us In addition to all the other horrors In which we are plunged, the horrors of pestlence which we hare hitherto been spared, and if there is any member of any local authority who advocated such a course, I hope that that man will be declared, by an Act of Parliament, incapable of sitting as a member cf a public authority for tho next seven years and only then, at the end of seven years. If he can produce a certificate showing that he ha? passed some 6ort of examination that aa ordinary sanitary Inspector has to pass before he gets hi3 job. I would go further and suggest that the police, making use of the Defense of the Realm Act, should carefully examine that man's papers and banking account, in order to discover whether he has lodged to his credit a check for 50, or a check for 100 signed by William Ilohenzollern, because If the Kaiser wanted to Invest his money he could not spend It better than in bribing borough officials or borough councils and county councils who advacate this stopping of sanitation in the nam a of war economy. Now, there 13 another matter In which we must not economize. That la In the matter of motor cars, motor bicycles and railway trains. We have sufficient locomotion hereby we can get goods and commodities of business and of pleasure very rapidly from one point to another and consequently men are now able to do In one day work which perhaps in the past has taken them several days and sometimes a month. ""Lm ? quite obvious to those who .rcarr? enormous advantages of locomotion, tct I I the other day stuck up on the walls. T-v ue a motor car for pleasure," and If one pies "own to the east end of London it is astonishing to see how the walls are placarded wi: the notico: "Don't use a motor car for pleasure." That notice flatters the poor man enormously. Nothing flatters him more than that notice, "Don't use a motor car for pleasure." I now say, "Why nt use my motor car for pleasure?" 1 have been working hard up till Saturday and I have been working so hard in the public serv. ice that I want a good freshening up. and it is necessary for my health to do it. Why should I not use my motor car for pleasure? Why should not our motor car be used to give a wounded soldier a Jaunt In the country? Although people say immediately that we must expect the soldier to havo a trip in a motor car, they entirely forget the civilian who is not wounded but doing work, very important work for his country. You don't get good work from men by keeping them at It the whole time and, therefore, you must not take this ridiculous explanation that pleasure and recreation aro wasteful. That Is really a very important productivo outlay. Now, we come to education. I have read In the papers that the chairman of the Education Authority for the Isle of Wight in announcing, as usual, they were going to cut down further expenditure on education, said: "It is more important that England should bo free than

that England should be educated." That sounds Impressive, but as a matter of fact, if England is not educated, we will not remain free, because one of the countries that will beat her Is Germany, which has paid great attention to c ducation. My opponents will say that Is all very well when we are at peace, but for the little time we are at war, then we must not think of anything hut war. They entirely forget that the education of the child Is a matter of two or three years, that If we break two or three years out of the child's education, we break it up altogether. Education is one of the things In which we cannot afford to economize for a moment. We ought to spend a gTeat deal more money on education. We hear that the London County Council are cutting off J1.SOO.000 in the matter of education. "Because, as far as possible, men and women should be permitted to give their services to the national purpose of winning the war." Will the national purpose of winning the war be served by the future generation of the children who have not been educated? As a matter of fact, the war has become more and more a case of having our rank and file capable of handling very intricate and delicate machinery. There was a time when, if a man could shove a bayonet through another man and shoot at an object fifty yards off, he wa3 a good soldier. But at the present time we havo to use rifles working at an enormous range, men have to handle extremely dangerous bombs; they have to handle artillery, which is very complicated machinery. These things cannot be trusted to men who have not a great deal more education than the soldiers of old had. We must keep our education up If the war is going to keep pace with the destructive powers vhich education gives to other powers with whom we come into contact. What I have said about locomotion I3 equally truo about our roads. There never was a time more than the present when it was absolutely necessary to keep up the condition of our roads. There is the constant military transport in addition to the ordinary traffic, and this is causing a great deal more damage to the roads. The roads should be kept in good condition for the military and for tho additional work thrown upon the roads by tho civilian population. When we go to war wo should look after our roads better than wo do In peace time; that means spending more money on them, and not less. Public bodies, like the Committee on Public Retrenchment, and public men. like Cabinet Ministers, unfortunately do not agree with me on these subjects. Take the case, for education, The first thing the committeo thought of was to reduce our expenditure on the institutional treatment of the mentally defective. The committee that made that recommendation are a little sensitive on the subject of mental treatment. What is going to be tho result? If they would substltuto tho very simple plan of killing all the mentally defective there is something to be said and there would be some kind of brutal military sense in it. But we are goins to let them looso, and very likely let them go into the army, and even let them go into the families of the humbler people who are working. That is supposed to be economy. We are letting these people who can bo treated economically in tho institutions into public life They are properly treated In Institutions, and do not interfere with private life and the everyday work of the man who is doing his bit in the civilian Industry. Now I come to the proposal to abolish Statesupported education for school children under five and raise the age to six. We have 290,000 school children under five years of age. Really they are kept in kindergartens and are not exactly educated, but they are taken care of, and this relieves their parents of great strain at lesser expense than if they were at home. There is no good in this mischief. While the children are at school they are not wasting the energies of their parents by worrying, aa they would do if the age was raised to six

years. Think of the long struggle wo had to make the community sensible enough to provide a place for the.;e children at the schools. These gentlemen s?em to think that this war Is a savage 6tmgg!e. and therefore we should all become savages, whereas the fact is that the moment we are at war we should become more civilised than we were before the war. Then there are appropriations for the unemployed. If we take these away from a man he becomes a lcafer, he becomes a cadger, and stands at street comers; he takes to drink and pawns his furniture and becomes a trouble to everybody. The absurd Committee of Public Retrenchment imagines we aro retrenching by throwing our unemployed men helplessly on the streets with their families. Then there are thu road appropriations. For these they say substitute loans. If they do that you will find that a number of the poorer neighborhoods will let the roads go to wrack and ruin because they will not be able to pay for the making up of the roads, and then when we are bringing lar;;e bodies of military from one end of the country to the other there will be considerable dely on account of tho condition of the roads. What are we to do with these committeemen? I say send them to the front; and on their way to the front let them be taken over the worst roads possible. Now I come to what Mr. Asquith said to the workingmen, Mr. As-quith said: "Don't ask for high wages." I have the greatest personal regard for Mr. Asquith, but for Mr. Asquith to ask workingmen net to ask for high wages surprises me. I have come to the conclusion that Mr. Asquith does not know what wage3 actually are. When a little complaint was made concerning a professional colleague, the Solicitor General or the Attorney General, Mr. Asquith said: "Well, a Parliamentary barrister expects $100,000 a year, and he really cannot do with less, but at a pinch he could do with $7,500 a year in war time." Evidently Mr. Asquith really does not understand that the people in this country have not wages enough and have not enough to cat. Ho gives exactly the opposite advice. "Then Mr. McKecna, who is supposed to be a remarkable economist, says: "All increased expenditure sends up prices.- That is a very extraordinary statement. All increased expenditure, when spent on capital and organization, sends down prices and thus cheapens production. For instance, tho reason we caa buy so many pin3 now for the money wo would have had to pay for ono pin many years ag? means that there has been an enormous expenditure in the production of pins. Ho also Eaid: "Save in order to show yourselves worthy of higher wages." Believe me. If yon save in the sense ia which ho uses tho word you show yourselver worthy of no wages at all. Now, I want to say ono or two words about real economy. The Daylight Saving bill was real economy. A great many people, I think, really objected to it because they felt that a real economical daylight paving bill would be a bill that would reduce the quantity of daylight. That is strictly according to tho loglo which they are applying to everything else. But the real economy of this measure is that it provides more daylight and we have not to pay anything more for it There are other things not quite so simpla as daylight saving. Have you ever been into a country town? If you go to any country town and look around oae of tho things that will strike you Is that there are too many shop3. You find that an ordinary small country town Is of such a size that every shop in it is withla easy reach of practically everybody in that town. That is not the case, as you know, la London. In the country towns the multiplicity of shops selling tho same article and compet lng with one another is pure waste and there Is no occasion for it at all. We know perfectly well by tho long experience of co-operation ia this country that It is quite possible to establish excellent stores, providing all the things

fhe Ant World

Honeymoon

TN our of M mo?t famous book. I wnlrh ev.-rvl-ody wns reading a 1 fw vf.u. ico. Maurice MaeterUnrk described, with his richest rhetoric, the wonderful nuptials of t!-.e quern W. At the same time a tri. tor artist of language and a rnictUMl entoniolos'lst. Mr. Maeterlinck wrote a book which was educative a it was entertaining, nnd ,t 1- probable that an Immense majority or his delighted rtaJcrs had never known before ho told them !lJW tho beehive quern cJ.oosm or , x- er mate, nor what a arvol.i Us l.Mnt tier w.-dding r.;;ht is to an eye which can follc'.v it under the Inspiration at ,,-,- cf Ur.uwleJiC and of imagination. It is probable, too. that mot of Mnit.-rlinck's readers supposed that the kind of wedlock that he dotcrlbed prevailed only in Wdoni In fact, however, it is as common ar-.ui f; .thts as among lec it has rwri I" -n lmit.it. d by human tribe, the custom of marriage Ly t.ipture beir.g one cf tho oldest methods of mating umoni,' primitive ir.t-zi at. J women. Arr.ont; the Kalmuck, for InPtar'oe. accoidinc to L.-tournr au's work on tu "Evolution oi Marri.ige" the bride Hees on hor?tback ni.l th bridegroom i-atcl- her if Vo -a: 1 and trirtly imitates the

iiicvfsaful u.alo tt in .Mfteier.uv 3

Fighting

Columbia Ouicksaii

that are sold in the village sr.op nd all th trade in the country towns can easily be concentrated to these stores. Then, instead cf. say, three or four wretched little millinery shops. a'J competing with one another, and on the verg cf bankruptcy, because there are four fa:n51iei tryics to do tie fame work ?x.d earn a living, we would have one shop and all the profits fron that shop would go to the customers. Now suppose wo form coaxmltLees In our country towns in order to pet rid of all tils waste cf profit and competition, and we replac all theso little shops by co-operative stores. w should immediately effect t re mend era a econorar. We would release a number cf men and w shoald have one handsome s'aop whore w now have several small shops. We would havo the public petting their goods cheaper, and th dividends would go Into tho pocbets a? the customers themselves. Instead of that we leave it all to private, enterprise, and we consider private enterprise too sacred to bo tooehed. Then, again, if we go to aa agricultural district we shall notice that each farmer ha.j hli own agricultural implements, which he uses only for a short period. Now, If the farmers were to combine together and pet the bot machinery and share the use of it co-operatlrelr. it is astonishing what can be done. The other day I was motoring for pleasure my pleaiur is usually for tho community. I was dririns from Hitchin to Cambridge and I west across those great uplands. I suddenly stopped my car because I saw a biß steam canine by the ide ot the road. I saw this engine working close to the road at the one end, and another big steam engine far away working at the other end of the field, and I looked and I saw an extraordinary spectacle. I saw a plough with a man sitting on it, and that plough had eight plough shares and It was strung on a ropo from on engine to the other and was ploughing eight furrows all the time. Whon I cam back In the evening the steam engines wero roinj homa and an enormous expanse of ground Lad been ploughed by this means. Now that enormous economy In arrlcml. ture was not effected by the farmer spending less money. On the contrary, it was effected by two or tiree farmers spending a great deal more money than is usual in our country on these engines and employing much more highly educated and trained men than are used for the ordinary work of an ordinary agricultural laborer. Then there are certain Industries whlcb ought to be nationalized in every way. Ther is tho coal industry. Mr. Sidney Webb has shown us that we can havo a uniform prico ot coal in every country, Just as we have a uniform prico for stamps, and at a very rauch lower average prico than is being paid at present. All that is necessary is simply that the country', instead of leaving its coal mlns in tho hands of coal owners, should take them out of their hands. The shipping Industry is. of course, the raont vital industry of this country, and yt w leave it in the hands of private owners. For example, let us take the British Empire Steam Navigation Company. They are not the British Empire, but they make a good thing out of it. Their profits, declared to April, 1915, amounted to J161.S25, while In April. 1916, their profits were $951,S30. That is to fay, their profits, which wero handomo to begin with, in tho course of tho year hare rised 20 per cent, and all that 20 per Ccnt has come out of our pockets, has gone to extra prices wo have to pay for food, and it goes into the pockets of their shareholders. That is supposed to bo economy. The sensible thing would be for tho nation to put a stop to the making of 20 per cent nroCt a year at a time wiien them is such an enormous Price to i-y for previsions. It would be a sensible thing for tho nation to rellov us and enable us to get our shipping done at cost price, as the shipping is vital to our very he?eVaS aro continually reminded hen the Germans attack us with submarines.

The Ten Little Lanterns

ft.vour.t of the ap:an nuptial t'.iiir.t. "it onll be a strar.ne life that

v.-j would lead U jou were lj. 'neater of a colony of ants'. 01 ivouM ftiid the social I A a carrle, rut to it? extreme conseu.ucr.ee.. ir

.-. MM o

iVe'-ol" mother of th entire co'iimur. it "".' There are "youns- queens."

v :.ti -h .r destine ! to te tne nuin'rs of Uture rolor.le. anj there are r.'.Jci havii'S wins, like the your.? y it-en Hut the majority of tho inhibit Ji.is of tho aill. are r.eithcr r. a'.es nor females, t ut Pimple wor.i"witS'at. wii.ss. ai.a wi;hvut i.'iu-r cl'Jevrt !n life than to be urrful to t!.t; colony. In s.;..-rt. imune: .int., the com5 v;r.ity. or tate, is e ery thine, and f. ;niJVJuai nothing, unless tne jnliMJual be the queen, ancl then the the centre of the State. iut tu ant queen, or a bee )uvn, are r-.ut. 1 often assurmJ, nalOi;oua to th. "Tfüiis who 5't on thrones tr.ion' us A human ktriii or ; j-.'cn !s oi'.ly a man r a woman, and frei. i Ttiv one ff inferior quality, l-ut !!. ; of a h:v'. or of .1:. ant Mil. is it unl ; ;e .- r. anae. !iT. rIi.fc; from Ur su'j i t- 1:1 iwi Uk.e-u aaJ la fjiciitit

The marriage, flight from an ant hill takes place in fine Summr weather, and if you were a member of the community, ana happened to be a winged male ant. nothing could restrain you from following the young queens as their silken wlriR flashed invitation from the blue background of the cloudless eky while they set out on their first and last voyage, destined to make each of them the potential mother of a new State. " T!:e flight of the queens is an opportunity for the males which is offered but once in a lifetime, and which, moreover, promises inevitable anj almost immediate deatn to tin' successful pursuer yet not one shrinks from the adventure. The number of the aerial Circes, the glittering Cleopatras of the air, is much less than that of their pursuers, but the whole together nre f?o numerous that they make a little f.utterlncr. iridescent cloud, skimming alonir a few yards above the ground, rising, turning and falling with a balloon-like motion or circling -bout a tree-top. Here is a description, reaembling many others that haw been -vritten. of what takes place in one of these wonderful ninhts: "The young queen races away pursued by the ardent wooers, who fall in their thousands to enterprising swallows, missing their way. and dropping to rest their tlretl wlnps on any object within reach. Hut the youn queen f.ies on. She is strong of 'vlng-, and her husband must be the best of the crowil. The crowd of the pursuers dwindles from thounands to hundreds, to dozens, until at last only one is left.' Hut t.ie victor's triumph Is brief. Nor is the fate of his unsuccessful comj.etitors any better. If some of them struccie tack to the nest It i only to etarve. for the community has no further interest in them. You might better, as an ar.t. be born to the more common lot of a mere worker. Then, havir.c asslrted tout busy fellows in wi.ler.in? th exits of the hill on the nuvnin of the sreat wedding flight, that the Hashing crowd of the participants might the more readily tAke its departure, you would at least survive to see, what sometimes happens, the return of one of the Mjlng queens to her origin.'! home ar.d to watch her Mrlp cfT her own -vines, and b gtn her life's work of laying eft and feeding the yt.uii; of a new generation And you mitht live lo::r -nouh to v.jtii'ss more than one nuptial spectacle, fur the workers amon .nt.-. as mun men. are the iougest l.vcd aud the haidcfct.

By H. J. Shepstone

AT the mouth of the Columbia River lie two Ions stretches of beach, officially known as North Beach and Clatsop Sands, which are the deadliest in the world, for they swallow f.hips wholesale, and it is seldom they relinquish their grip once a vessel is in their grasp. Dengfi fogs prevail at certain seasons of the year off the Columbia River, and the master of an incoming vessel, prevented from getting a reckoning for days, not infrequently finds himself, in the event of a sudden squall, hard and fast ashore almost before he becomes aware of the proximity of the land. Finding his vessel practically uninjured, and noting the absence of reef and rocky ehorc, tho mariner is apt to underestimate the danger that threatens his ship. With tho aid of a kedge-anchor or the services of a tugboat, he confidently expects to get afloat at the next high tido. As a matter of fact, the moment a vessel strands, that moment she begins digging her grave. At each succeeding tide she settles deeper into tho quicksands, and by the time measures can be taken for her relief her case is apt to be hopeless. Of the hundreds of vessels that have thus come to grief only three or four have succeeded In getting back into their proper element. For instance, the British bark Cairnsmore was wrecked on the Clatpop Sands in 18S3. She was bound to Portland from London with a cargo of 7.G00 barrels of cement Off the mouth of the Columbia she ran into dirty weather, and her master lost his reckoning. She camo in on a heavy swell, and upon nearing the breakers her sails were set aback, but too late to allow her to escape. She struck some distance from shore, and after standing by for fifteen hours her crew took to the boats, and were finally picked up by a passing steamship and landed at Astoria. The vessel, which immediately began to sink into the yielding sand, became a tctal loss, together with her cargo. Year after year the hull of the vessel ha continued to sink, until to-day it rests a full seventyfivp feet beneath the surface of the fchiftiug sands. Approaching the spot where the Cinuuore cet her doom, one .fee

what appears to be a cross. A closer Inspection proves that It is indeed a cross, formed by a yard hanging horizontally across the foremast of tho buried ship. It is as though the lost vessel had marked her last restingplace by the formation of this emblem. The remain of all the wrecks that have preceded her have disappeared. and so have most of those that havo succeeded her; yet there, above the lonely dunes, stands erected this pathetic memorial of the lost Caimsmore. As may bo supposed, the vessels grounding upon these sands were not given up without a supreme struggle on the part of tho wreckers, who worked for the reputation of the profession as well as for the salvage of the ships. Every art known to tho trade was tried pontoons, cofferdams, derricks, centrifugal pumps, kedge-anchors, and a dozen other devices but all in vain. The shore is so flat thPit the tides do not rise sufficient to permit the effective use of pontoons and other lifting devices, yet they are high enough to wash back the sand fhat may be laboriously removed from about the hulls of the vessels, thus rendering useles3 the labor of weeks. In their salvage operations the wreckers have used some very remarkable devices, and their ingenuity should certainly have entitled them to success. When the bark Potrimpojf went ashore, in 1S&6, and became cradled in the sand, the salvage engineers, after trying many other schemes, finally cut a number of holes in the vessel's steel hull, and through the openings forcibly expelled thousands of gallons of water by means of huge centrifugal pumps, which hurled the sand away from the sides of the ship. Then th3 holes were stopped up, and a quantity cf water was taken aboard for ballast. At the next high tide the vessel rode free, but as the waiting tugboats were towing her out through the breakers she toppled over in a much worse position than at first, ard was finally abandoned to her fatf Anovi.r case in which the salvage operators worn cheated of their reward at tho lat moment was that cf the schooner Solano, which In went on the beach opposite the village of Oysterville. The rn'k was sold at auction, and Captain A. T. Stream undertook to f.oat it. A loLg, wearisome struggle with the sands Lued, but tho captain was so san

guine of success that he engared a tug to be on hand at a specified time. Within fifteen minutes of the time named he had the vessel afloat, but the tug failed to put In an appearance. For two hours the vessel was kept clear of the beach, but at the end of that time she again drifted upon tho sands broadside on, and there she lies to-day, stripped to a bare hull. It was certainly one of the most remarkable salvage operations ever performed that literally dragged the Columbia River lightship from tho terrible grip of the North Peach. The lightship went upon the beach In a terrible hurricane in the year 1S99, stranding upon a narrow neck of land lying between the ocean and a deep bay in the rear. A cradle was built around th; vessel, and by degrees the craft, was Jacked up out of her sandy bed and securely fastened in the cradle, which wa3 constructed of heavy timbers. Then, by the aid of powerful engines, the cradle with its burden was tauled out of the sand and pulled almost a mile across the neck of land and launched ia deep water. It is the only known instance of a lightship having made a Journey across country. The British iron bark Poltilloch was another of the fortunate vessels to escape the grip of these western quicksands. She went ashore curing the Winter of 1900 at the nonh entrance to Wllllpa Harbor, riding so far up on the sands that horses wero driven around her at low tide. It was freely predicted that she would never fel water under her keel again, but her master. Captain Young, was so positive that he could float her that he was allowed to make the trial. He simply made use of an old trick long known to wreckers taking advantage of the great 'asticity stored up in the huge manila hawsers which stretch about thirty feet in every two hundred fathoms. Large anchors are planted to seaward, and to the3e the hawsers are made fast, the shore ends cevmecting with, the winches aboard the ship. As the seas roll in against a vessel she shudders. Jumps, and finally slowly hitches down toward deep water, provided that the sand possesses the requisite firmness. Every inch of slack hawser must be taken up by the winches. It is slow, nerveracking work at best, and yet Captain Young kept at it for neirly a year, moving his huge vessel in this manner for more than three miles along .he beach, and flnaUy Lata deep, water.

SUNDOAU Is a smiling: llttl town In Upper Alsace. During all the years of the German occupation it had remained stubbornly hostile to the usurpers, and aside from a few officials, no Germans had dared to settle there. Fewer 6till were the men who had served their term in tha German Army, most had left at an earlier age or had met with some accident that made them unfit, and a story was still told of a young recruit who, when he appeared naked before the examining military eurgeon was found to wear tatooed on his breast a tri-color, and tha inscription, "Vive la France." Now war had come and when the French Alpine chasseurs, the "Liu's devils." as the Germans called them, came down from their M.ountalntops and took possession of the town they were received with boundless enthusiasm. All doora opened to them, and youn girls In Alsatian national costume covered them with flowers. In the evenfnrr the major and his 6taff wero invited to a banquet hj the most prominent man In the town, M. Blech, the owner of the large sawmills, who had sacrificed three fincrers of his rlfcht hand to escape Gorman military service when he was a youth. il. Ulech. who was a widower, had an only daughter. Rose, whom he adored. He had not had the heart to send her to a convent or a pension, but had engaged a German, Koverntss. Frau. ein 'imma Hofer. of Strasburg, to teach her. Fraukin Hofer had shown splendid references and been immediately engaged. She was an crphan. but said that while her mother had teen a German, her iatrer came of an old .Isatian family. Rose was pretent at the dinner, seated next to her governess, who h red great interest in the conversation. Rose left the table when coffee and liqueurs were served. The house was situated cn the top of a hill from which there waj a splendid view of the country all around. "How charming thes French officers are!" paid Fraulein Hofer to Roe, when they were alone In the latter's bedroom. "So different from the haughty German officers! I feel like doing something to help celebrate their arrival. We have herd eom Japer.es lanterns from the last fair; what if we hung them ia your window and illuminated tho hou!e? It would make your father 0 happy to see that you, too, had thought of doing something to choir how happy they have maiie us feel." The child was lelighttd with the idea. The governess had in a drawer about twenty lanterns, ai.d Rose wanted to light them all. -No," taid tho Frau'.eln. "that would' make them hat.g too closo together ar.d ;oil t. effect. Tec will be enough." A fevr raccatnis later tea multi

colored lanterns were hangln In Rose's window. "They must able to see those very far away." exclaimed Rose. Ia delight. Tes very far away." the Fraulein. The sentrlPs rested around tha town had Just been relieved for the last. time. It was 4 o'clock Jn tha morning. Suddenly bullets began to whistle through the air. They returned the nre. whlen rapidly inCreased Inl volume, it wis 1,0 longer a mere outpost skirmish. A whole Saxon regiment attacked the halftatalllon of Alpine chasseur. three thousand against one thousand. The righting lasted all day with charging luck, but towards evening the chasaour wr reinforced and drove back the Sajrons. Many of them had fallen, but th lost, of the fierman waa fur greater, and a number of prisoners were la ihe hands of thj Trench. A these were examined In the usual manner, one of them answered in good French: "I was trn iu Alsace of good loyal French Alsatian parents. During the fight I f.red high all the time, and as soon as I saw a chance I surrendered Rut there is a traitor in this town It was a traitor who told us that there was only one thousand men here, and we felt sure of victory whn an entir regiment wis gent to attack you. Ten lanterns hanging In the windows cf a house on a hill here informed our officers ol your strength each lantern meant one hundred men." The next evening a riptaln entered M. Riech' hougp. ard. pointing a revolver at Fraulein Lrnra Hofer, he compelled her to to Rose's bedroom. "Light thoe lantern." he commanded. "No. rot four, only three. That is rood." Then he said to the cldlrs who accompanied him: "Keep your eye on these lanterns Fee that they are not put out. As for this latv,' lorW her up on the Rround r.,cr ar.d we shall settle with her later cn." Three lantern?! Thi.s ir.for:;.ed tho Germans that the town waj now hM only by thr-e hundred men. left behind as a rercuard tn cover the retreat of the rr.ain bojy to the mountains The Savons came or., suro cf rue. cess, but thty fell into a trap m3 were prartic.tily annihilated Ly rr.trailleuses postM jR the fyrtL4j houe of the street, which barrel their retreat. A few hours liter the French ilajor said to Fraulin Emma Hofer "Now go back to your frlen.4 I have the right to have you sbxt by my soldiers as a convicted py. Your treason has ( ost the lives of many of rr.y brave ?cldlers. tut fortunately for you. I do not khoot women. Yoa may go. therefore You cannot tell your friends anything they io not kno already that tae 'blue devils are Tiere to stay until t:.J 'u.y cor.us uhen we eh-ili be strcn-; rr.ojgh to drive you all tick wLcre you ca-rse zrc-

I V. J 1 l il II

ft n f

u 0