South Bend News-Times, Volume 30, Number 199, South Bend, St. Joseph County, 15 July 1913 — Page 2

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machine manufactured in this country by

reputable apparatus men drew f purifications for standard motor driven firfirhting machine?. As a result of our

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Motor Water'Towcr, BY JOSEPH JOHNSON, j New York Fire Commissioner. (CopjrljcM. 1913. br the New York Herald Co. All riffina reserTed.) Y the flashing of a

signal irom r ire Headquarters, on the upper east side of Manhattan Island,

seventy-two modern

motor propelled fire fighting machines could be mobilized in a feir minutes around a blaze in practically any part of the city. Those powerful motor re-

J05EPH hides for fishtins fire JOHKJON constitute the flying squadron of New York city's Fire Department. They are the product of the last three years of development in fire lighting here. In a few years New York's entire department ivill be called a "flying squadron," for the era of fir.? horses will have passed and the city's Fire Department placed entirely on a motor basis. The superiority of motor fire apparatus over that of the horse drawn type has been clearly demonstrated during the last year or two. In the first place the motor machines are far swifter than are the horses. An average speed of thirty-five miles an hour can be maintained by these motor engines and Lose wagons and by the scout chemical Kagon. no matter what the length of the rna may be. Speed in responding to an alarm is vital in our work. Each minute of delay means the fight will be harder and

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(studies on the apparatus subject we have

adopted four distinct typos First, a steam

pumping engine, propelled by a front drive gasolene tractor which can turn in its own lencth; stvond, a gasolene propelled ar.i pumping engine; thirJ, a motor propelled hu-k nnd ladder tn:ck, and fourth, a gas -lone driven hose wagon. Of these types there are several styles adapted to th peculiar conditions in various parts of the city. Some of our hose wapons, for instance, are equipped with two chemical tanks, each tank holding thirty-five gallons of extinsraihing fluid. The tanks, which are built under the driver's seat. d not interfere with the hose racks on th main body of the wajon. This type of npparatus is known as the "chemical scout" and is peculiarly adapted to the suburbs. wLere not only hih speed is required but where fire can often be conquered in its incipiency with a chemical fluid. Another and heavier type of hf wasron is designed for the high pressure district. One phnse of the motor apparvt'.s question in which wc move.1 wirh particular caution was that of adopting a gasolene pumping encine. After tostir.c several we purchased a powerful engine frmn a manufacturer in the West and placed it in service with Fnginc Company SO, on the

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One jo! the Flyina Sauadron Putting Out a Blaze.

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chasing not a single horse, nor do I be-j

lieve we will ever purchase horses again. In all there are 101 motor vehicles either in service in our Fire Department or under contract for delivery -during the present year. One hundred and twentysix of these are in sendee now and thirtyeight will be delivered before the cold weather arrives. Here is the list of New York's motor vehicles on duty to-day : Apparatus. Second size motor propelled steam fire engines 21 Steam fire engine propelled by couplegear tractor 1 Gasolene propelled and pumping engine 1 Combination hose and chemical wagons 20

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the fire a menace to surrounding property.

Our fire horses as good at .east as any ready we have retired nearly four hun-

others in the world; better taan most 'dred fire horses. This year we are pur-

can drag a heavy apparatus at the rate of twelve miles an hour for the first half hour in responding to an alarm. After that their speed slackens until if the ran is a long one, they are travelling practically at a walk by the time the blare is reached. In hill climbing and in ploughing through mud or heavy snow the motor apparatus als. demonstrates its superiority over the fire horses. Duffy's Hill, one of our steepest, on which new apparatus is tested, often staggers our best fire horses. The' motor apparatus takes it on the run. Another determining feature in the motorization of Now York's Fire Department was the economy in maintenance of motor vehicles. When, not responding

10 ures mere 1 no expense attached to

maintenance. With the horse d ra'n an

increased there came the need for greater water pressure. And so there came, first, the steam pumping engine a crude affair indeed when compared with the present type of powerful water lifting machine. New York's engines of the first class today pump 900 gallons of water a minute. A comparison between this type and the hand, pump of our forefathers makes tho hand pump seem ludicrously inadequate, even for those days of small buildings. When we began motorizig the Fire Department there started the "prying of the fire horses." Some of New York's sentimental citjzens bemoaned the fact that these noble animals were to be relegated to

the past. The nature of the service of these

fine beasts, their lovable dispositions andj Motor driven hose wagons 15 the intelligence shown by many of then! Motor driven hose wagon (boat tender) 1 have endeared the fire horses to Newj Gasolene-electric aerial hook and ladYorkers. I perhaps am as sentimental asj der trucks 4 the average man. In a way I regret to see Other Motor Vehicles, them go; but, after all, the matter of Touring cars in use by executive offiefficicnt. and economy is of too great im-j cers and bureaus IS

portance to the taxpayers of the city to! Motor driven delivery trucks l-i

allow sentimentality to interfere. Al

Total number of motor vehicles in

service 120'

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The Motor Hook.andLaddr Truck.

and trie Water Tower at a. Blaze.

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Chemical "Scout" Hose Waflorw

Under contract there are : Fire Apparatus. ' Second size motor propelled steam fire , engines

ladder trucks 17 Gasolene propelled and pumping engines (not yet awarded) 2 Other Motor Vehicles. Two ton motor delivery trucks 1

Total number of motor vehicles under contract The job of motorizing a fire department such as New York's carries with it difficulties which are not encountered iu smaller cities. The character of our buildingsmany $f the commercial structures taller than any others in the world ne

cessitates the installation of a heavier

type of apparatus than those which are

adequate for the average city. Another factor is the great expense involved in motorizing a department in which there are more than six hundred pieces of appararus. A mistake in the adoption of a standard in the initial stages of motorization might mean the loss of many hun-

S5-foot motor driven aerial hook and areGS 01 ouana3 or coiiars to me city. ladder truck 1' nen I began the administration of the 7.-..frf r?Vn 0r?ii hnnir nd iFire Department it3 motorization was

i ladder trucks S!one ' tiie first problems. After ex-

SiOn-foot motor driven aeriil hook and haustive tests ot practically every type of

paratus the case is different. The V,rses have to be fed regularly no matter whether they have to respond to fires or not.

rioth efficiency ar.d economy in mctoriza

Hon have been demonstrated by actual

experience.

When one looks back through the short ppan of years to the days of New York's volunteers and the crude band pumps

that vere ul he must be impressed

with the wonderful evolution in the meth--1 ? aT- 1 m . m

oa 01 ngnung ures tat tne last two

generations has produced. This evolution

haa beca a necessary one. In the day.s of the hand pumps, when the volunteer

companies often fought each other before turning their attention to the fire, there

were no skyscrapers in New York. The

tallest buildings were about three stories ia height. Fven at that the hand pumps could scarcely lift water to the roofs. A the height cf New York's buildings

AMERICAN BOY SCOUTS TO HIKE TO SAN FRANCISCO.

l jyUOSS country to the great Pa- ( cific!" is the slogan most popular in the headquarters of tho American Hoy Scouts these days. The head fcouta are arranging for a trek across the United States, beginning in New York and ending m San Francisco. Never before has such an ambitious undertaking been entered into by the AmericanBoy Scouts. Tramping more than two thousand miles seems pretty heavy work, even for Mr. Weston and other professional pedestrians. Hut Mr. Ernest Galiardo, scout master and captain of the American loy Scouts, who will be in charge of the San Francuco expedition, has had a great deal of experience in conducting parties of boy marchers before, and he hasn't a bit of daubt that the scouts will make a record journey. First comes the question of choosing the right scouts for the job. Alreadj Captain Galiardo has heard from a regiment of boys who would like to go, but the head scouts haven't arly intention of taking a regiment on such a trip. Only a few picked scouta will be permitted to enter for the long hike. Accompanying the ma'rehers there 'will be an automobilo truck, which will carry the tents and commissary department cf the tnny. Camp will be pitched every night and the boys will cook all their meals, help to put up their own tents and play camp. Two men accomplished ia the art of putting up tents will go along to take some of the heavy work off the jouthful shoulders, for Captain

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In addition to the benefits to their i V I ji H

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ground floor of Fire Headquarters, ti that the apparatus could be observed ii service by the members of my apparatui board. This engine, which was christened "The Giant" by some of our newspapei friends, is propelled by a one hundred anc twenty-six horsepower gasolene motor The pump, a piston drive, is operated al by this motor. The apparatus weighs mori than six tons. It pumps between 700 an; SX gallons of water a minute. It pp-.'ec is thirty-five miles an hour. The 'Giant" has been in service now for more than 1 year. Another type of motor propelled fin engine a front drive tractor affair at cached to the regulation steam pumperwas purehasr-d about the same time ai "The Giant," and placed in service in Fa gine Cou)any 58, at 1 loth street anc Lenox avenue, one of the busiest com panics in the city. The performances of each of thei pieces of apparatus were carcfullj watched. We decided that the part oj wisdom would be too adhere to the stearc pumping type of engine with a gasoleti front drive tractor. This decision wai made partly because our oil steam en gines could be utilized in the motorizatiox and partly because the gasolene pumpini engino is still in an experimental stage. Several months ago I ordered twenty eitrht more steam fire engines with thi front drive tractor and recently we havt placed a dozen or more of these in service. The motor propelled hook and ladder trucks, which are driven by gasolene-ek-ctric motors, have al.o been adopted ai a standard. The hose wagon problem wai the least difficult of all, as it involved nc complications which had not already be-c worked out by the makers of the avtr age commercial trucks. What the future holds in store for t:i in the development of apparatus id fighting firs I do not know, but thera

Cast Tbospvoa.

Brieve Building at Recent Manoeuvres at HackensackN. J. Galiardo has very decided views in regard trip," says the leader.

to physical development and he does notj Captain Galiardo does not believe in

think that too much very he a. ry work is! physical exercises which strain the body,!

desirable. 'tut in those which train it.

The main object of the trip is not to

addition to

benefits

test the endurance of the boys, nor is it j health it is thought that the boys will

simply to see the country. What Captain gather from the trip a broadened interest! Galiardo wishes to do is to make the boys : in their country and in its history and!

strong and healthy. ipeography. They will follow the course of "To put Into their physical machinery . modern civilization across the continent the steam of life by keeping them out in 'and on the way will happen upon many the fresh air and giving them the right sort . spofs dear to the heart of youth because of exercise, that is the main object of the1 of its association with the early explorers

Ernest Ca!iarcof Captain and Scout Master.

and pioneers, the great trappers and woodsmen with whose storks all boys are familiar. The exact route has not yet been decided upon, but the tracks of th Southern Pacific Kail road will be followed pretty closely. Chicago will be regarded as the first goal of the journey. Here more boys will perhaps be recruited and those boys from New York who have decided that they have had enough of tramping may return to their homes. The next goal of the journey will b Denver, at which city also boys will be taken in to fill the ranks should they have become depleted.

Starting from New York, the route of, is small doubt in my mind tht the progthe young marchers will go through Newjress of the future will prove even greater Jersey. Pennsylvania. Ohio, Indiana. Illi-ithan the progress of the past. Some ol

1 , . 1 j nois, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, Ltah,jout aeronauts have suetei the use ol

Nevada and California. the aeroplane in fighting fire from aloft. It is estimated that it will take the It dos not seem entirely unpractical

Jboys six months to rach the coast, and j provided some powerful fire ext:nguihir.j las this will mean the los of several 1 bomb or grenade could be dropped fro:a

months' schooling the expedition will be a height sufficiently great to insure the accompanied by P. T. Mason, a graduate! aeronaut's-safety from the heat waes. of Harvard University, now a captain of j I believe some experiments have been the American Pay Scouts, who will act carried on along this line, as tutor. There will alo be a military! I am sure that II. G. Wells or som instructor, and it is possible that General 'other of our novelist prrgnosticators cou'.d Edwin A. McAlpin, the chief scout, will ! draw a vivid picture of fighting fire it

! go at Teas: part of the way on the journey; ICO) with a fleet of aero craft tombar !

in an automobile. Captain Galiardo, jing a burning city with broadsides f who will be the physical director of the j bombs which burst as they strike th forces, has had many experiences in fire and release some penetrating acii walking. A few years ago he took a party under which the blaze would die. I am of boys from Moscow, Ilcssia, to Genoa, not a novelist, however; I am dealini Italy, and afterward he took a party from j with facts, so I had tetter leave the preLucerne, Switzerland, to Marseilles. ; dictions as to aeroplanes and their bomti France. (toothers.