Rensselaer Semi-Weekly Republican, Volume 37, Number 102, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 August 1905 — Page 7

FARM AND GARDEN

Setting out fruit trees is an art that very few people have learned. The amount of cream in the milk Is what tells the grade of a cowr Ordinary petunia flowers profusely all summer, thrives anywhere and self sows. A cow to do her best needs more than what she can get out of a good pasturage. The last pint of milk is very much tic-her in cream than the first pint. Be Isure to get that last pint in full. Mnke the prints of butter look attractive, they will sell much better, and of course have the quality of the best. Scatter the floor of the pen with (Straw cut in lengths not over-an inch so that the hen can teaqh her young how to exercise for the grain. There are 25,000 orchards in Virginia alone in which neither a sprayer, a pruning knife nor a plow has been seen in fifteen years. Great opportunities down there for orchard men.

Sueeessiqwal plants of corn and peas should be made at intervals of ten days or two weeks. Some plant early and late kinds on the same day nnd tiius secure a succession, but it is the more common practice to make a series of plantings of the same variety*

A number of English greenhouse gardeners have been visiting the French gardeners in the vicinity of Paris. They found the market gardens to consist chiefly of two-acre lots, many of them devoted to growing early lettuce nnd other vegetables under glass. The soil was prepared with extreme care ami is practically all artificial.

Don't allow the hog troughs to become dirty or filthy, nor the floors or ground nroimd them to become sour and foul. Such places become reeking with disease germs—become a pest house. Aim to keep the pens clean and sweet, giving them plenty of sunlight nud air, sprinkling a little airslacked lime nrouudJil them often and spraying them occasionally with a strong solution of carbolic acid. This will disinfect the hog house and destroy disease germs.

Where Is the man who remembers tlie early day haymaking when all tbe outlying prairies composed the hay meadow? When the time for making hay was in the month of September—the strong wind days! These winds are commented on by Sam, who says lie placed ids straw hat up against the barn and tbe wind held it there for three days ns if it were hanging on n nail. No boy could build a load of hay then, nnd no man could make stacks .worth looking at. We worked at night when the wind was less severe and slept during the day. We had nature's tools largely In making hay then. A mower and a rake constituted the improved machinery.

A Land of Big Creameries. The creamery business Is carried on very extensively in New Zealand and Australia, having been rapidly developed by the advance of cold-storage system, which permits shipments to be made in good condition to the markets of Europe. One concern pays $150,000 monthly to producers of milk and cream, and quite a number of creameries have a monthly milk bill of $25,000 and more. “Foot Rot” of Bbecp. For “foot rot" of sheep one of the simplest and most effective cures Is the following, says American Cultivator: One-half pound bluestoue, onehalf pound common one quart water. 801 lln an old saucepan for ten minutes. The blues tone will then bo all dissolved. The above cun be used ns a lotion dressing, or made In larger proportion can be placed In troughs to run sheep through after being pared. The bluestone attacks the fungous growth, while the salt cleanses and hardens the foot. In dressing for foot rot care should be taken to remove all loose hoof and decayed parts without Injuring the foot, cutting toe veins, etc., and preserving as much as possible of Its natural shape. In dealing with very hard hoofs a hot iron will be found very useful for burning the hoof, thus rendering It soft and easily pared away. I Paper Milk Bottle®. That the glass milk bottle may be largely replaced by the paper at no very distant dny now seems probable. 'There are many points in favor of the use of paper bottles, one of the most Important being that the bottle Is discarded after It Is once used, thus obviating all chance of Infection through the repeated uso of uncleun bottles. 'The many difficulties which have been hitherto encountered In the attempted manufacture of paper bottles have been nearly nil overcome. They are atamped out of heavy paper In conical shape, with the lower edges locked In euch a manner as to be strengthened by pressure from above. The

stout cover has protruding lips which make its removal more, convenient After the edges of the bottle are sealed they are covered with paraffin. Lastly the finished receptacle is sterilized. To Feed Young Cattle Well. As a result of an experiment In feeding hay with and without grain to calves the Nebraska Station has arrived at the following conclusion. That the cost of, producing gains In calves is least when considerable grain is fed along with hay. results of an experiment conducted during the preceding winter also indicated that the feeding of grain was profitable from the standpoint of economical production. For the entire year, with no grain during the summer while on grass, the results would go to show that a moderate grain ration in winter, not more than one-third a full feeding along with hay, is most economical. •‘French” Prunes from America. An item in the consular reports on American prunes reminds us of Maraschino cherries. Topsy could not say of the latter highly prized fruit, as she said of herself, that they “Jes' growed.” Growing is only part of it; they nfle made. The French are great doctors and manipulators. The fruit is first bleached, then dyed and doctored, and so any old cherry becomes a Maraschino. So it is with many of the French prunes that we prize so highly. The French buy our American prunes in bulk; they put them up in sealed jars; nnd then, with a flourish of gorgeous labels and chatter of French praise, they export them back to the United States. We buy them at largely increased prices, nnd eat them, wondering at the excellence of French prunes. There Is something in a name after all.

Dehornintr Calves. It is becoming an almost universal practice to dehorn cattle, because they are more easily handled and it prevents them from injuring each other. It is no small task to remove The horns from a mature animal; one even dreads taking them from yearlings and two-year-olds. These is also some danger of animals bleeding to death or getting poisoned by foreign matter lodging in the wounds. It is therefore better to destroy the budding horn a few days after the calf is born. The instructions for this operation are given iu Hoard’s Dairyman, as follows: The hair is clipped off over and around this button, and caustic potash Is applied. The stiek of potash should be wrapped to protect the fingers and then moisten one end with water and rub over the button till the skin becomes slightly sore and the calf shows signs of smarting. The person who applies the potash should be careful not to permit any of it to run down tbe calf’s face or get into its eyes, for It would destroy the hair and cause considerable pain if it gets into tbe eye 3. In a few days a scab will form, which will soon disappear, and if the work is properly done, no horns will develop. If the button continues to grow, the application can be repeated. It is more humane to take off the horns at this time than to remove them after the animal Is full grown.

Poultry Should Have Vegetables. All raisers of poultry do not realize the advantages of variety in food. This has been, referred to in this department several times, but more particularly In reference to the grain rotation. It applies, however, Just as well to the green food portion, because the fowls are on the range it does not follow that they And much variety in the grasses they eat, and It will do them an immense amount of good if they can have some of the discarded vegetables, both tops and roots, that come from the garden. We have found it an excellent plun, even In summer, to feed our growing chicks in the morning a mash composed of wheat bran, with a sprinkling of oil meal iu it, and then completing the mash with about n quart of finely chopped vegetables and vegetable tops to nbout every twenty-five hours. They seem to find In these vegetable tops and roots some element of food not contained In the grasses on the range. If this feeding Is done at the house, where It should be done, It will not be necessary to give them anything more In the way of grains until they come to the house to roost at night. At this time we give them a ration consisting of two-thirds wheat and one-third corn and in quantity about oiie-hnlf of the winter ration. It Is impossible to keep up either an egg supply or n proper growth of bone and mnsele In the growing chicks by depending entirely on the range for their food supply. It Is particularly essenklal that the early hatched pullets on whom we are relying for fall and winter eggs have this summer ration of grains. One shotild not forget that drinking water Is essential during the summer, and It should be supplied so that th® fowls can l/ave it fresh and dean as often during the day as they need It

RECORD OF THE WEEK

INDIANA INCIDENTS TERBELY. TOLD. Wives Will Get Up No More Feasts for Thrashers—Porter County Man Thinks He Is Cured by Prayer— A Most Persistent Suitor. The farmers of Shelby county are having great difficulty in getting men to assist in the thrashing of the immense crop of wheat because of the fact that it has been reported that the farmers’ wives in many localities have jbanded themselves together in clubs with ironclad obligations not to cook lavisli feasts for thrashers. Heretofore these localities have been noted /or their thrashing.dinners of mutton, veal, boiled ham, toothsome roasts, stuffed turkeys and fried chicken, the women having vied with each other in preparing these meals. They have now resolved that all this bustle in the heated season is vanity and a waste of energy and that the men cun get along on cold “grub.” Friends' Prayers-Answers. “I am going to die.” With this remark John Kinney, a Porter county farmer, called his family to his bedside. “The only thing that will save me is, prayer,” continued Kinney, “but I fear I am marked for the grave.” “Tell* all your people to pray,” was the message of Kinney to the pastor of his church. The village pastor, Rev. Mr. Smith, requested the prayers of his congregation for Kinney’s recovery and for several days and nights there were almost constant prayers. Later the attending physician pronounced Kinney to be convalescent.

Says Marry Him or Die. Dan Bailey followed Miss Maud Franklin from Indian Territory to Shoals and going to the home of her sister, Mrs. Robert Conquest, threatened to kill her if she did not marry him. A telephone message was sent Sheriff Workman, who went to the scene and arrested Bailey, who was taken before Squire Sherrill and placed under bond for his appearance at the September term of court. Failing to furnish bail he was placed in the county jail. Elevator Man Killed. Michael Shirk, employed in the factory of the Studebaker Brothers’ Manufacturing Company in South Bend, as elevator man, was killed the other nighY Shirk was running the freight elevator in the shipping department. In attempting to step from it before it stopped his foot slipped and he fell between the floor and the car, which rose. Before help could reach the unfortunate man his breast and head were crushed. Discharged Gun in Mouth. Austin C. Beeman, an old soldier having served in Company D, Fifty-first Indiana, committed suicide in Vincennes by shooting himself. lie placed the muzzle of a shotgun in his mouth and blew the whole left side of his -face off. He was 71 years old, and had been in ill health. He leaves a widow and six children. Kills Herself in Prison. Anna Forster, a chambermaid who stole $35 from a guest at the hotel where she was employed and hid the bills in the tresses of her hair, died suddenly in jail in Terre Haute. She is thought to have committed suicide. Within Our Borders. Charles Fund, aged 72, was taken to Peru from Fond du Lac, Wis., and jailed for stealing a livery horse and buggy. He confessed. Reports indicate that the wheat yield will average twenty bushels. Most farmers will store their wheat and hold it for higher prices. Frederick Treu, aged 40, stubbed his toe in Fort Wayne and died of lockjaw. He leaves a widow and four children in poor circumstances. The 7-year-old son of Nelson L. Jones of South Bend was drowned in an unused cistern in the rear of his father’s undertaking establishment. The Rev. M. J. O’Brien, the Indiana clergyman of the Wesleyan Methodist faith who left the ministry of that denomination because of the inadequate salaries which were paid, has accepted a call to the pastorate of the Christian church at Kankakee, 111. After a stormy joint meeting of the executive boards of the Indiana operators and Indiana miners several grievances were settled, notably the Shirley Hill strike, where the men went out against the orders of the president of the miners and were ttien discharged by the company. The joint meeting upheld the discharge of about 100 men. The operators complain of too many unauthorized strikes.

The weekly crop report issued by '.he government has the following review of conditions in this State: Thrashing wheat well advanced, yield and quality good; oats and timothy mostly harvested with satisfactory results; corn crop as a whole in excellent condition; seed clover, tobacco, potatoes, tomatoes, onions, encumbers, watermelons and cantaloupes doing well; apple crop light; peaches, pears nnd plums fairly plentiful. 11. Hans, bookkeeper nt the People's Bank nt Darlington, lias disappeared, nnd it is feared by the hank officials that be bus taken $6,000 of the bank's reserve. In the absence of the cashier Haas was given the combination of the safe, and after banking hours it is suid lie visited the bank wjtli a suit ease, nnd was afterward driven to Crawfordsville by a chum. From this place he took a train for tlie East. Ilis father is a wealthy business man and states that he will make good the loss, if his sou took the money.

Seventeen persons were injured in a collision between n passenger cur and a work train on the Mttncie, Hartford City and Fort Wayne traction line. All of the injuries with one exception were slight. John Butier, motorinan of the pussenger, was injured internally. Excitement has been caused at Chesterton by the receipt by Joseph Stephens, the marshal, of two anonymous letters, mailed at Chicago, threatening him with death if he does not resign. Btcphens has aroused much ill feeling by hi* vigor in suppressing violence in the recent class workers’ strik®

RAPID GROWTH MADE BY CORN.

Weekly Government Bulletin Report* Some ltamajj to Wheat. The general summary of the weekly crop report of the weather bureau is as follows: Although excessively hot- and dry in parts of the middle Atlantic States and Kentucky and Tennessee during the fore part of the week ended July 24—and these conditions also prevailed in the northern plateau region and on the North Pacific coast—as a rule temperatures were favorable. Showers delayed work and caused some damage to crops in Virginia, West Virginia and parts of the lower Ohio, central and lower Mississippi valleys, Oklahoma and Texas, while rain .is needed in New England. Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Kansas and generally® throughout the plateau districts.

Favorable weather has caused rapid growth of corn, and, with very few exceptions, the crop is in excellent condition. Corn is beginning to need rain in Kansas and Alabama, the late needs cultivation in Arkansas and Kentucky, and some was damaged by high winds in Louisiana.

Winter wheat harvest is nearly completed in the principal wheat State's, and thrashing, which is well advanced, shows grain of good yield and quality in Kansas. Rains have delayed thrashing in Virginia and Maryland and caused further damage to grain iu shock or stack in Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas. On the north Pacific coast winter wheat is ripening rapidly in Washington, where harvest is in full progress, and harvest is general in Oregon, with good yields indicated. Spring wheat has continued to advance favorably in the spring wheat regions; the early sown is heading and filling well, and the late sown heading in North Dakota; the early is maturing in South Dakota and Wisconsin, and the crop is nearly ready to cut in lowa. Although black rust is reported from scattered localities in Minnesota and the Dakotas, no material damage is shown, and, with favorable weather conditions, serious injury is not anticipated. Complaints of smut are received from South Dakota, red rust in Colorado and most fields of North Dakota and some lodging in Wisconsin, while in Washington desiccating winds have been injurious to the crop in the filling, stage and caused shriveling.

Iu the principal ont-producir __ States harvesting of this crop is well advanced, while in the more northerly districts oats are heading, the early saivu are maturing rapidly, and harvest will be general during the coming week. The crop generally is in promising condition, although badly lodged in Ohio, and some complaints of lodging are received from Washington.

In Illinois grain in shock and standing crops have been damaged ill the south by heavy rains. Corn is tasseling and silking north and is in dition because of fine forcing weather. Wheat, rye and barley are in shock. The oat harvest is well advanced north. A good crop of hay lias been secured north, but there lias been considerable damage elsewhere. Potatoes, berries and grapes are promising; apples disappointing.

YELLOW FEVER IN NEW ORLEANS.

First Case Comes from Central America and Many Deaths Result.

The New Orleans board of health, in an official report, says there have been 154 cases of suspected yellow fever in the city, 34 deaths all told, and about 50 cases under treatment at this time. The infection rapidly is assuming the proportions of an epidemic and thoroughly lias alarmed the people of the city and State. The quarantine cordon has been drawn more tightly about New Orleans and it now is impossible for -the local resident to go anywhere outside of a few “excepted” districts within the State. The first case of yellow fever in New Orleans this season came from Central America, not from Cuba, and steps were taken at once to prevent the spread of the disease by resort to methods so effective in crushing out yellow fever iu Cuban cities.

Previous to the Spanish-American war Cuba was regarded, because of the unsanitary conditions prevailing as a constant menace to New Orleans and other Southern cities. When Cuba had been cleaned up and Havana and Santiago were as free from yellow fever as our own cities it was believed that the greatest danger to New Orleans had been removed.

In the yellow fever epidemic of 1888 Florida was the principal sufferer. Iu the epidemic of 1897 New Orleans reported 1,837 cases. Since that time the experiments in Cuba and in other countries have added much to our information as to the nature of the disease, the means by which it is communicated, and the methods of treatment. There is still much difference of opinion as to what extent mosquitoes contribute to the spread of yellow fever, but both the federal and local authorities at New Orleans are proceeding on tlie theory advanced by those who conducted tin* mosquito experiments in Cuba.

Not since the Spanish-American war have we had in this country any panic over the prevalence of yellow fever. In fact. New Orleans ami other Southern cities have assumed that there were to be no more great yellow fever epidemics like that of 1878, when there were 15,000 deaths from yellow fever in the United States, and Memphis was almost depopulated and New Orleans suffered severely.

The interesting question now raised is whether the measures which were so effective in Cuba will be ns effective in New Orleans. Precautionary measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the disease by mosquitoes, and it is announced that the strictest sanitary regulations will he enforce 1.

Briet News Items.

Fire swept a large area of the business portion of Huntersville, Ala. Loss $50,000, with nbout one-third insurance.

The Alabama militia, ordered out by the Governor, prevented the lynching of five negroes confined in the juil at Gladsen for brutally murdering a white woman.

Revs Fred IV. Perkins of Lynn. Mass., wns elected president of the Yotiug People's Christian Union of the Univcrsnlist church, at the convention in Hartford, Conn. ,

COUNTING THE CASH.

HERCULEAN TASK NOW UNDER WAY IN WASHINGTON. Hoy the Nation'* Treasure Vaults Are Protected What Would Happen Should Someone Try to Break InWill Take at Least Three Months. Washington correspondence:

HE task of couptjE lng the coin of the nation, necessitated by the relinquishment of N the treasurership » by Ellis H. RobSli erts to Charles H. Ja Treat, Is now under way and will Mb. continue three rgSSr months. It will take fifty men that length of RTTi time to do the Ml iJ work. There la, |l* * in round numbers, $1,152,800,000 Id tbe vaults. -With

the exception of silver coin, each piece of money In the twelve vaults will be handled separately by the flngera of experts. The $154,000,000 of silver money will be taken from the vault* In bags of 1,000 coins. There being a standard weight for each sack, a corresponding number of pounds and ouncea will be already resting In one pan of the scales used by the committee. Then the bags will be placed, one at a time, in the opposite pan, and any which does not tip the beam will be cut open, its contents being counted by hand. Should there be a considerable amount of money lacking either the retiring or Incoming treasurer, through his representative, may demand an entire count by hand, as wal necessitated eight years ago. In that event the counters will probably have to remain In the vaults until some time In November.

Contrary to what one might suppose, the hand count of the paper money is a task far less difficult than that of the coin. The Counting Committee after unsealing one of the paper money vaults breaks oiten the package* of notes or certificates, one at a time. It does not suffice that ends of the notea be exposed. The entiro wrapper must be taken off and the paper money must lie in a loose package before the counters. Each package contains 4,000 notes, and, of course, it la Just ks easy to count $4,000 In onedollar bills as $10,000,000 In SIO,OOO bills.

All coin In the Treasury, except that kept In the cash vault for current use, is stored in the two great underground vaults, one beneath the north court of the building and the other adjoining, beneath the cash room In the norfh front. These great strong boxes are protected by heavy masonry, thick slabs of steel, Immense swinging doors, cunningly devised time locks and Ingenious burglar alarms. Since the money in the building was last counted, in 1897, two new vaults have been added to the eight already in use inside the building. One of these, selected to illustrate what the treasury officials regard as the ideal strong room, is 12 feet in each of its three dimensions and the lining walls are of Bessemer steel plate three-eighths of an inch thick. By huge screws and bolts they are fastened to a framework of steel built into heavy masonry. The 6,000 pigeon holes are of steel and there is not a scrap of inflammable matter in the furnishings. There are duplicate locks on the doors, at which is always posted a guard of two men. About seventy watchmen are employed to guard the treasury vaults. They work In three reliefs, patrolling the entire building at all hours of the day and night. In the office of the captain of the watch are recording Instruments to which each watchman must send an automatic report once every half hour. The office is in continual communication with the chief of the Washington police force, the commandants at Forts Myer and the Washington arsenal. Instantly, at the summons of the captain of the watch, 1,000 armed men—cavalry, artillery and police—would spring up from three points of the compass and rush upon the classic building. A well-equipped armory near tho vaults contains sufficient weapons to arm more than 1,000 men cap-a-ple. The interior of the great building Is honeycombed with wires facilitating quick communication, and should any burglar gang attempt to overpower or intimidate one of the employes tho pressure of a button would bring an armed force to the visited room In less than thirty seconds. At 5 o’clock each afternoon all doors of the treasury building, save the main entrance, are closed. By 0 o'clock all employes must have left the building and the keys to the various doors must have been turned over to the captain of the watch. Co-operating with the interior guards are a force of outside watchmen, stationed in sentry boxes.

The First Thing.

Piper Down® (a plumber to new clerk)—Now, the first thing to learn In this business la to never overcharge. New Clerk—What do you mean by an overcharge? Piper Downe—Never to charge more than the customer Is worth. —Brooklyn Eagle.

In Brazil th® black bean Is as Important an article of food ns th® potato Is bar®.

WASHINGTON GOSSIP

According to a careful estimate made by the Department of Agriculture, a loss of $700,000,000 Is caused to American farmers every year by Insects. Tbe losses on plant products of the soil, both In their growing and in their stored shite, exceed the entire expenditures of the national government, including the pension roll and the maintenance of the army and navy. After giving a long list of destructive pests the department says: “Wheat suffers most from insect depredations. The Hessian fly. the chinch bug and the grain plant louse work Annual havoc amounting to 5 per cent of the crop. The Hessian fly is distinctly a wheat pest. Inflicting a damage in Indiana and Illinois alone last yeai of $24,000,000. Twenty per cent of the planted area of Michigan wag abandoned because of it and the loss iu the United States during a single 'season has been estimated at $100,000,000.”

There is brewing the biggesf kind of a scandal that will perhaps Insinuate itself into the navy, war and interior departments because of the way persons are committed to the St. Elizabeth Home as insane without having been so adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction. It has been the habit in the Army and Navy Departments to commit persons there who were supposed to be insane. Tills was done on tbe certificate of the army and navy surgeons, none of whom has qualified a% an expert on mental diseases. Thousands, it was asserted, have thus been committed In like manner from the soldiers’ homes throughout the union. In the latter case it is alleged that tbe institution collects tbe pensions averaging S2O per month per person and collected besides from the government S2O per person for tbe keep of the inmates.

Representatives of the State Department, the Department of Justice, and the Immigration Bureau, whom the President appointed to recommend changes in the laws relative to naturalization, are reported to have decided to recommend several most important amendments of the law. They will propose, it is said, that naturalization be granted by the higher courts only, instead of by any court of record; that the requirements for applicants for citizenship shall be uniform throughout the country; and that the certificates shall be alsp uniform and printed on distinctive paper. Other changes* designed to give greater publicity to applications for naturalization, to give longer notice before an application Is acted upon, to allow the government to be represented, to prohibit naturalization just before an election, and similar safeguards of citizenship are under consideration.

Dr. Theodore S. Palmer of the government’s biological survey Is the guardian of all the game of the United States. He knows every quail covert in the country; he can number thi herds of elk in tbe Western mountains, and he knows every runway of the deer of the Adirondacks. This physi-cian-naturalist provides for the protection of the game in Uncle Sam’s preserves, and sees to it that the poacher shall not escape punishment. The doctrine of states’ rights bars government action in the matter of lawmaking for any sections of the country save territories, the national parks and the forest reserves, but this fact does not prevent Dr. Palmer from being the adviser in chief of nearly every body of legislators in the land when tbs game laws stand in need of revision.

John Hyde, chief of the bureau of statistics In the Department of Agriculture, resigned, declaring that the cotton growers had organized to fore® him out of the department and that his health was.too poor to enable him to continue the struggle. Secretary Wilson said that Mr. Hyde has not been Implicated in any manner In th® irregularities that resulted lu the dismissal of Edwin S. Holmes, the associate statistician, charged with being guilty of giving to brokers advance figures of cotton crop statistics. Hyde’s letter of resignation was almost sensational.

The War Department has invited bids for the building of more than twelve hundred miles of railroads in the Philippine Islands. The bidders must be citizens or corporations of the United States or the Philippine®. Eight hundred and thirty-three mile® of the railroads will be In the Island of Luzon. The right to operate telegraph lines along the routes will b® reserved by the government.

President Roosevelt baa directed • milder and more discriminating enforcement of the Chinese exclusion act, to tbe end that Chinese who am not of the prohibited classes may receive as courteous treatment as the citizens of other nations. Resentment in China against tbe United States because of this act and the methods of its enforcement is taking the form of an organised boycott in Chinese cities against American goods.